scholarly journals PENGALIHAN UTANG DALAM EKONOMI ISLAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-89
Author(s):  
Fasiha Fasiha
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
The Law

Debt in the Law of Islamic economics is called Al-Hiwalah. The legal basis Hiwalah application is the Qur'an, Hadith, Ijma and qiyas. Terms and harmonious Hiwalah is Muhil (Menghilawahkan), Second; Muhtal (in hilawahkan), third; Muhal 'alaih (people receiving Hiwalah, to four; Shighat Hiwalah, namely the consent of muhil. Hiwalah concept can be applied in the form of Islamic banking Factoring or factoring, post-dated check and Bill discounting

scholarly journals Analysis of Indonesian Islamic and Conventional Banking Before and After 2008

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arfianti Novita Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Law ◽  
Conventional Banks

<p>This study aims to analyze the performance of Islamic banks and conventional banks before and after the implementation of Islamic Banking Act 2008. The performance will be measured using CAMEL ratio selected. This research is considered essential in examining the positive contribution of the application of the Act to improve the performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia. By using secondary data, this study compared the performance of Islamic banks with that conventional bank selected as samples during the study period. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test for inter-temporal and Mann-Whitney test for inter-bank. Inter-temporal Tests conducted on Islamic Banking showed that a significant difference was only seen in the NPF ratio of 2 years before and after implementation of Islamic Banking Act. As for conventional banks showed a more diverse ie for 1 year before and after the application of the Law on Islamic Banking there are significant differences for the ROA and ROE, two years before and after implementation of the Law Islamic banking there are significant differences for the CAR, ROA, ROE and NIM and for the overall test a significant difference to CAR, ROA, ROE, NIM and efficiency. Inter-bank testing showed that prior to the application of Islamic Banking Act there are significant differences between conventional banks and Islamic banks to CAR, ROA and efficiency. Furthermore, after the application of Islamic Banking Act there is a significant difference for the CAR and LDR / FDR.</p>

scholarly journals O rozgraniczaniu statutów i wsysaniu regulacji prawnej (na przykładzie prawa stosowanego do oceny różnych aspektów powołania i funkcjonowania wykonawcy testamentu i zarządcy sukcesyjnego przedsiębiorstwem)

2020 ◽  
pp. 159-177
Author(s):  
Maksymilian Pazdan
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Eu Regulation ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Eu

The position of the executor of the will is governed by the law applicable to succession (Article 23(2)(f) of the EU Regulation 650/2012), while the position of the succession administrator of the estate of a business of a physical person located in Poland is subject to the Law of 5 July 2018 on the succession administration of the business of a physical person (the legal basis for such solution is in Article 30 of the EU Regulation 650/2012). However, if the court needs to determine the law applicable to certain aspects of appointing or functioning of these institutions, which have a nature of partial or preliminary questions, these laws will apply, as determined in line with the methods elaborated to deal with partial and preliminary questions in private international law. The rules devoted to the executors of wills are usually not self-standing. In such situations, the legislators most often call for supportive application of the rules designed for other matters existing in the same legal system (here — of the legis successionis). This is referred to as the absorption of the legal rules.

scholarly journals The Philosophical Values of Islamic Inheritance Law

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-136
Author(s):  
Ismail Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Philosophical Study ◽  
Mutual Benefit ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
Philosophical Basis ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Law

Abstract: The law of inheritance has been determined very clearly in the Qur’an and this provision has also been established as a qathi' or final legal basis by jumhur or majority ulama. However, in reality, there are still criticisms of the inheritance law provisions. This article aims to further examine the issue of qat'hi and zhanni (the final one and the need intrepretation) related to inheritance and how the philosophical values ​​of inheritance law in Islam. The philosophical study referred to in this article is related to the purpose of syara’ to determine the distribution of inheritance in such a way and what philosophical basis and values ​​are used. This article also describes the share of men and women with one to two balances. This article is based on literature study by using textual sources, namely the text of the Qur’an (especially verses on the law of inheritance) as the main reference in the reconstruction of philosophical thinking in Islamic inheritance law. The analysis technique in this research is descriptive analysis. So, the philosophical basis and the purpose of inheritance law in Islam is an effort to realize justice in order to achieve mutual benefit for the heirs. However, if a change is needed regarding inheritance law that is relevant to the conditions and situation at the time of the inheritance law decision, there is no harm in providing additional law. Keywords: Philosophical values, inheritance law, Islam.   Abstrak: Hukum waris telah ditentukan dengan sangat jelas dalam Alquran serta ketentuan tersebut juga telah ditetapkan sebagai dasar hukum yang qathi’ oleh jumhur ulama. Akan tetapi realita yang terjadi masih ada kritik terhadap ketentuan hukum waris tersebut. Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji lebih jauh masalah qat’hi dan zhanni-nya terkait waris dan bagaimana nilai-nilai filosofis hukum kewarisan dalam Islam. Kajian filosofis yang dimaksud dalam artikel ini terkait tentang tujuan syara' menetapkan pembagian warisan sedemikian rupa dan apa dasar dan nilai filosofis yang digunakan. Artikel ini juga menjelaskan tentang bagian laki-laki dan perempuan dengan perimbangan satu banding dua. Artikel ini berbasis penelitian pustaka dengan menjadikan sumber-sumber tekstual yakni teks Alquran (khusus ayat-ayat tentang hukum kewarisan) sebagai acuan utama dalam rekonstruksi pemikiran filosofis dalam hukum waris Islam. Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Teknik analisis deskriptif. Jadi, dasar filosofis dan tujuan hukum waris dalam Islam merupakan suatu upaya untuk mewujudkan keadilan agar tercapai kemashlahatan bersama bagi ahli waris. Namun jika diperlukan sebuah perubahan terkait hukum kewarisan yang relevan dengan kondisi dan situasi pada saat keputusan hukum kewarisan tersebut maka tidak ada salahnya memberikan hukum tambahan. Kata-kata kunci: Nilai-nilai filosofis, hukum kewarisan, Islam.

scholarly journals Heart Half Implementation Sharia Banking In Indonesia

IKONOMIKA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-138
Author(s):  
Anip Dwi Saputro ◽  
Adib Khusnul Rois ◽  
Uzair Al Bazi
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
The Law

Islamic banking in Indonesia has been regulated in the law, namely Law number 10 of 1998 concerning amendments to Law number 7 of 1992 concerning banking. As time goes by, the existing Islamic banking practices are starting to be questioned, questioned, and criticized, because there are those considered deviant even out of the sharia corridor itself. Against various problems that exist in Islamic banking, it needs to be addressed appropriately. By understanding the nature of the principle of tadrij fii tasyri, we are required to better understand and focus on the processes and stages in the implementation of syariah banking. So that with all the problems of Islamic banking faced now, it must be understood that this is still the stages, not the end and purpose of the application of Islamic banking it self. However, the main problem in the implementation of Islamic banking is the commitment. Islamic banking is in a comfortable zone with its current format. Efforts to implement Islamic banking are still half-hearted, even less serious. Even though there is a lot of criticism embedded in Islamic banking, starting from the practice of improper contracting, Human Resources (HR) who are not competent with the sharia itself, and banking products that are less adaptive and responsive. Keywords: Implementation, Commitment, HR, Product and Agreement, Tadrij fii Tasyri

scholarly journals Autentikasi Akad Pembiayaan pada Perbankan Syariah dalam Penggunaan Lafadz Basmallah

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-105
Author(s):  
Indah Parmitasari
Keyword(s):  
Civil Code ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Public Official ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Law ◽  
Made In

This article seeks to discuss the authentication of financing contracts in Islamic banking in the use of lafadz basmallah. The problem discussed is how to authenticate the financing contract deed in Islamic banking in the use of lafadz basmallah. Every financing activity in Islamic banking is made in a contract, to get certainty and strength of perfect proof, the bank wants the contract to be made in an authentic deed. An authentic deed is a deed made by or in the presence of an authorized official for that purpose is made according to the provisions of the law. Notary as the official in charge of making the deed is guided by Article 38 of the Notary Position Law. A deed must fulfill the provisions of Article 1868 of the Civil Code, which is made by and or before an authorized official, and made a public official who has the authority. The notary is authorized as long as the certificate, person, place and time of the deed are made. This article concludes that the financing contract deed in Islamic banking that contains lafadz basmallah at the beginning of the deed does not meet the requirements of Article 1868 of the Civil Code, because it violates the provisions of Article 38 of the Notary Position Law so that the status of the act is degraded into a deed under the hand. Abstrak Artikel ini membahas tentang autentikasi akad pembiayaan pada perbankan syariah dalam penggunaan lafadz basmallah. Permasalahan yang dibahas adalah bagaimana keautentikan akta akad pembiayaan pada perbankan syariah dalam penggunaan lafadz basmallah. Setiap kegiatan pembiayaan dalam perbankan syariah dibuat dalam suatu akad, guna mendapatkan kepastian dan kekuatan pembuktian yang kuat, bank menghendaki akad dibuat dalam bentuk akta autentik. Akta autentik adalah akta yang dibuat oleh atau di hadapan pejabat yang berwenang untuk itu sesuai dengan ketentuan undang-undang. Notaris sebagai pejabat yang berwenang dalam membuat akta berpedoman pada Pasal 38 Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris tentang bentuk akta. Suatu akta harus memenuhi ketentuan Pasal 1868 KUH Perdata, yaitu dibuat oleh dan atau di hadapan pejabat yang berwenang, dibuat menurut ketentuan undang-undang. Notaris berwenang sepanjang mengenai aktanya, orangnya, tempat dan waktunya akta dibuat. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa akta akad pembiayaan pada perbankan syariah yang memuat lafadz basmallah pada awal akta kedudukannya bukan lagi sebagai akta autentik tetapi terdegradasi menjadi akta di bawah tangan, karena syarat otentisitas Pasal 1868 KUH Perdata tidak terpenuhi, yaitu syarat formalitas sesuai Pasal 38 Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris Perubahan.

scholarly journals KEWENANGAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI REPUBLIK INDONESIA DALAM PEMBENTUKAN NORMA BARU (SUATU KAJIAN TERHADAP PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 21/PUU-XII/2014 JO PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 46/PUU-XIV/2016)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 474
Author(s):  
Elisabet . ◽  
Cut Memi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Legal Norm ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Republic

One of the authorities of the Constitutional Court governed by the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945 was the examining of laws against the contitution or judicial review. Inside the regulations which governing the implementation of this authority, the Constitutional Court only acts as a negative legislator, namely canceling or reinforcing a norm tested by the Petitioner. But in practice, the Constitutional Court has changed its role to become a positive legislator, who is forming a new legal norm, which is the authority of legislators. The Constitutional Court should not be able to form a new legal norm because there is no legal basis which regulate that. But Constitutional Court can form a new legal norm in some urgent circumstances, relating to Human Rights, and preventing legal vacuum. In addition, the establishment of laws by lawmakers that require a long process and time. This is compelling Constitutional Court to make substitute norm before the law was established by the legislators. In the Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 46/PUU-XVI/2016, the Court actually wants to establish a new legal norm, but because the articles in the petitioned have criminal sanctions, and if the Constitutional Court approves the petition, the Constitutional Court has formulated a new criminal act that can only be formed by the lawmaker. Whereas in the Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 21/PUU-XII/2014, the Constitutional Court established a new norm because in the article a quo there were no criminal sanctions.

TERMINATION OF CIVIL SERVICE

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 98-100
Author(s):  
Samira Eldar Mehraliyeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Civil Servant ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
The Law

The responsibility of civil servants in public administration in a democratic environment is one of the central issues. The responsibility of civil servants and the grounds and conditions of termination are specified in the Law on Civil Service, which is the main legislative act implementing sectoral regulation, which emphasizes the importance of this issue. The article briefly analyzes the civil service position and civil servant, the legal basis, the concept of responsibility as a legal phenomenon, and the grounds for termination. Key words: civil service position, civil servant, termination, responsibility, restrictions

Child Protection through the Criminal Law

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-114
Author(s):  
Kenneth McK. Norrie
Keyword(s):  
Corporal Punishment ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Sexual Offences ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law ◽  
A Charge

The earliest criminal law dealing with children differently from the adult population was that concerned with sexual offences. This chapter explores the changing policies of the law, from the late 19th century fear of girls being exposed to immorality and boys being exposed to homosexuality, through the more protective 20th century legislation which nevertheless hung on to old ideas of immorality and criminality, until the Sexual Offences (Scotland) Act 2009 focused almost (but not quite) exclusively on protection from harm and from exploitation. The chapter then turns to the crime of child cruelty or neglect from its earliest manifestation in the common law to its statutory formulation in Prevention of Cruelty to, and Protection of, Children Act 1889, which, re-enacted in 1937, took on a form that, for all intents and purposes, remains to this day. The last part of the chapter explores the legal basis for the power of corporal punishment – the defence previously available to parents, teachers and some others to a charge of assault of a child, known as “reasonable” chastisement. Its gradual abolition from the 1980s to 2019 is described.

12. Discharge by frustration: subsequent impossibility

2021 ◽  
pp. 467-492
Author(s):  
Robert Merkin ◽  
Séverine Saintier ◽  
Jill Poole
Keyword(s):  
Contract Law ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Breach Of Contract ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Force Majeure ◽  
Common Purpose ◽  
Legal Position ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law ◽  
Legal Consequences

Course-focused and comprehensive, Poole’s Textbook on Contract Law provides an accessible overview of the key areas on the law curriculum. In general terms non-performance constitutes a breach of contract. The contract may have expressly allocated the risk of certain external events which occur after the contract is made to one of the parties by means of a force majeure clause. The terms of this clause will determine the parties’ positions if the event in question occurs. In the absence of an express allocation of the risk, the frustration doctrine is a residual doctrine that governs when such frustrating events intervene, without the fault of either party. These frustrating events relate to impossibility, illegality or frustration of the common purpose of both parties. This chapter examines the legal basis of the frustration doctrine, when it applies, when it does not apply and the legal consequences of frustration on the parties’ positions. Frustration automatically terminates the contract for the future and, where it applies, the provisions of the Law Reform (Frustrated Contracts) Act 1943 govern the parties’ pre-existing legal position.

Out-patients haemophilia treatment in hospital

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S22-S26
Author(s):  
G. Glaeske ◽  
W. Schramm ◽  
D. Herzig
Keyword(s):  
Care Service ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Broad Consensus

SummaryAlthough hospitals primarily provide treatment for in-patients, treatment is also given to a large number of out-patients. The law covering haemophilia patients, who receive their treatment as out-patients, actually has several different bases. This has advantages and disadvantages. The question concerning us: Which, at the moment, is the best legal basis for any care-agreement? Another important factor for any agreement between the two parties, is that there should be a broad consensus, based on shared interests.The common aim should be the future guarantee for the treatment of patients suffering from haemophilia in suitable medical facilities. At the same time care must be taken to provide an efficient and economically viable care-service for these patients, as well as ensuring that the quality and efficiency of the service remain transparent.

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