scholarly journals Farmer fertilization practices of mature rubber plantations in Northeast Thailand during a period of low rubber prices

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Supattra Kullawong ◽  
Satit Aditto ◽  
Bénédicte Chambon ◽  
Arunee Promkhambut
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Northeast Thailand ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Rubber Plantations ◽  
Individual Household

Since 2000, farmers in Northeast Thailand have planted more than 5,000 sq km of rubber on land previously devoted to agriculture. The expansion of rubber led to a significant increase in tree cover in Northeast Thailand. Rubber prices peaked in 2011 and since then farmers have had to adjust to lower prices. Little research has documented how farmers responded to low rubber prices. This paper seeks to describe how small-scale rubber farmers use fertilizer in a region that did not historically grow rubber during a period of low rubber prices. We collected data from structured interviews with 29 farmers in Subsomboon village in Khon Kaen province, Northeast Thailand. Most farmers reported that they reduced fertilizer costs by reducing the number of times they applied fertilizer, as well as changing to cheaper brands and/or using organic fertilizer. The majority of farmers still used large amounts of chemical fertilizers, either alone or in combination with commercial organic fertilizers with unknown nutrient contents. The N and P2O5 contents of the chemical fertilizer alone were consistent with national recommendations (82.0–137.6 kg N/ha/y and 33.3–97.7 kg P2O5/ha/y). Thai national recommendations for rubber, however, were developed for rubber plantations in traditional planting areas where rubber has been grown for over a century, and are considered by many experts to be high. The study’s findings indicated that small scale rubber farmers would benefit from recommendations for fertilizer applications that respond to variations in rubber prices, while taking into account the diversity of individual household characteristics and goals. To optimize recommendations that sustain the growth and yield of rubber, limit the effects of environmental externalities, and maintain rubber’s profitability, policymakers require detailed information on the diverse situations in which rubber is grown. This requires experimental research that tests a variety of fertilization practices under different biological and physical conditions.

scholarly journals Growth and yield response of local soybean in the giving of various organic fertilizer

2021 ◽  
Vol 905 (1) ◽  
pp. 012028
Author(s):  
M Rahayu ◽  
E Purwanto ◽  
A Setyawati ◽  
A T Sakya ◽  
Samanhudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Goat Manure

Abstract Soybean is the basic material for any kind of industry, such as tofu and tempeh industries. Soybean cultivation will be better if use a sustainable agricultural system, such as using organic fertilizers. This research purpose was to find out the effect of organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of local soybean. The research used a complete randomized design with one factor which was a variety of organic fertilizers with 6 treatments. Various fertilizers used in this research consist of inorganic fertilizer, liquid organic, compost, cow manure, rabbit urine, chicken manure, and goat manure. Each test unit consists of 4 pots (plants) and each was repeated 4 times. The results showed that the provision of compost and goat manure increased the growth of local soybean plants, include plant height and the number of leaves at 42 DAP and leaf area at 28 DAP. The application of various organic fertilizers (liquid fertilizer, compost, cow manure, goat manure, and rabbit urine) is unable to increase the yield and yield components of local soybeans.

scholarly journals Growth and Yield of Chili Pepper as Affected by Weed Based Organic Compost and Nitrogen Fertilizer

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanik Setyowati ◽  
Zainal Muktamar ◽  
Bani Suriyanti ◽  
Marulak Simarmata
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Wedelia Trilobata ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Organic Compost

Fertility improvement of Ultisol is inevitable to increase growth and yield of chili pepper since the nutrient availability and organic matter of this soil is relatively low. Application of organic fertilizer will enhance microorganism activity in soil, thereafter will improve the availability of nutrients as well as other chemical, physical, biological properties of the soil. Most of manure releases nutrient quite slowly; therefore, addition of nitrogen to soil is expected to speed up the availability of nutrient to plant. Weed based organic fertilizers from Wedelia (Wedelia trilobata) and Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) biomass have potential to substitute inorganic fertilizer. The objective of the experiment was to compare the effects of weed based organic compost and dry leaves compost with or without addition of nitrogen fertilizer on growth and yield of chili pepper. The experiment was carried out using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with treatments of 200 kg urea ha-1; Wedelia compost (WDC) 20 ton ha-1; WDC 15, 10, and 5 ton ha-1 with addition of 200 kg urea ha-1 respectively; Siam weed compost (SWC) 20 ton ha-1, SWC 15, 10, and 5 ton ha-1 with addition of 200 kg urea ha-1 respectively; and dry leaves compost (DLC) 20 ton ha-1, DLC 15, 10, and 5 ton ha-1 with addition of 200 kg urea ha-1 respectively. The result revealed that composts with or without addition of nitrogen fertilizer had similar responses on the growth of chili pepper. Wedelia and Siam weeds compost at 20 ton ha-1 tended to give better yield of chili pepper as compared to application of urea alone. This result indicated that weed based organic fertilizers could substitute nitrogen fertilizer.

scholarly journals Improvement of Suboptimal Land Productivity Approach by Land and Plant Management

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Marthen Pasang Sirappa ◽  
Max Leovold Jhon Titahena
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Study Results

Assessment for increasing productivity of suboptimal land with using three kinds of organic fertilizer and six rice varieties had been conducted in the Debowae village, Waeapo district, Buru regency at 2011.  Purpose of the assessment were to determine the effect of three types organic fertilizer and the use of six Inpara varieties to growth and productivity of rice in sub-optimal land. Study used a split plot design with three replications (farmers as replicates), where the main plot was three types of organic fertilizers (livestock manure, granular organic, and petroganic), while the subplot was 6 varieties Inpara (Inpara 1, Inpara 2, Inpara 3, Inpara 4, Inpara 5, and Indragiri). The soil types at the study site based on soil classification were Endoaquepts with soil fertility status was low. The study results  showed  that  the use of organic  manure combined with inorganic fertilizers,  both  from  livestock manure, while granular organic and petrogranic, gave an average crop growth and yield better than the results obtained by farmers outside of the study. Average petroganic fertilizer had a better growth and higher crop yields compared to other organic fertilizers. The six varieties of rice swamps that were examined (Inpara 1, Inpara 2, Inpara 3, Inpara 4, Inpara 5, and Indragiri) had the average growth and better yields than rice varieties used by farmers outside of the study (2.75 t ha-1). Varieties Inpara 4, Indragiri, Inpara 1 and  Inpara 2 had average yield above 7 t ha-1, while Inpara 3 and  Inpara 5 average above 4 t ha-1. Combination of granular organic fertilizer with Inpara 4 variety and petroganic with Indragiri variety had the best results (8.37 and 8.02 t ha-1), while the lowest yield (4.48 t ha-1) was reached at combination of  livestock manure with Inpara 5 variety.Keywords: adaptive varieties, land and plant management, organic fertilizers, suboptimal land [How to Cite: Marthen PS and MLJ Titahena. 2014. Improvement of Suboptimal Land Productivity Approach by Land and Plant Management. J Trop Soils 19(2): 109-119. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.2.109]    

scholarly journals Compilation of Black Soldier Fly Frass Analyses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Gärttling ◽  
Hannes Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Compound Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nutrient Analyses

AbstractIn the context of black soldier fly (BSF) rearing, often the residues from production — mainly faeces but also undigested substrate — are addressed as frass in a broader sense. As BSF production is expanding, the valorization of BSF frass as organic fertilizer is gaining importance. However, in contrast to established organic fertilizers, little is known on the properties and variation of this by-product, which is essential for assessing possible application purposes. To elaborate a first overview on this relatively new waste stream, BSF frass analyses from the literature and anonymized frass analyses enquired from BSF producers were compiled. For a possible agricultural use as a fertilizer, their nutrient patterns were assessed. With a balanced nitrogen:phosphorous pentoxide:potassium oxide (N:P2O5:K2O) ratio of 1:0.9:1.1, BSF frass can be characterized as a slightly alkaline (pH 7.5), nutrient-rich compound fertilizer, with the nutrient and especially the micronutrient contents showing high variation. The comparably high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and low shares of ammonium nitrogen indicate a limited immediate nutrient release and point to possible applications of frass as a long-term fertilizer. The use of frass as an organic fertilizer as one element in a fertilization strategy is promising. By improving nutrient cycling back to the field, BSF frass can represent an important element of sustainable circular agriculture. However, more information on BSF feed and production systems needs to be combined with the nutrient analyses to better understand the variation in frass nutrient contents.

scholarly journals Kajian Peningkatan Peran Azolla Sebagai Pupuk Organik Kaya Nitrogen pada Padi Sawah

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwan Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The study aims to get an optimum dose of Azolla organic fertilizer that provides maximum growth and yield of rice crops. The experiments are arranged in complettely randomized block design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments tested were fresh Azolla biomass dose embedded in the ground to accompany the provision of Azolla that left to grow on the surface of the water of the rice fields. Treatments dose of fresh Azolla biomass awere M0 = control (without organic fertilizer Azolla); M1 = 100 g.pot-1 ; M2 = 200 g. pot-1; M3 = 300 g. pot-1 ; and M4 = 400 g. pot-1. The experimental results show that: (1) organic fertilizer Azolla improve the growth and yield of rice paddy fields, and (2) Results of maximum 56.35 grams of dry grain per plant with an optimal dose of organic fertilizer as much as 48.102 ton.ha -1. Keywords: Organic fertilizers, Fresh Azolla, growth, yield, rice paddy.

scholarly journals RESPON TANAMAN KUBIS (Brassica olacea var. capitata) TERHADAP KOMBINASI APLIKASI PUPUK ORGANIK DAN ANORGANIK

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Erin Puspita Rini ◽  
Sugiyanta Sugiyanta
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Nutrient Adequacy ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Organic And Inorganic Fertilizers

[CABBAGE (Brassica olacea var. capitata) GROWTH AND YIELD AFFECTED BY COMBINATION OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZER APPLICATIONS]. The use of organic fertilizer increasingly sought by farmers due to the increase in demand for organic products by consumers and also awareness of the sustainability of the land. The use of organic fertilizers in the cultivation alone could improve the soil quality but needs to be balanced with inorganic fertilizers to meet the nutrient adequacy. This study aims to examine the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers combination on the growth and cabbage yield, and also to determine the most efficient dosage combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers. This research was conducted at the IPB Pasir Sarongge Experimental Station, Cianjur, West Java from November 2020 to February 2021. The study was compiled using RCBD with 4 replications and 7 treatments. The results showed the combination of 0.75 doses of inorganic fertilizer (150 kg/ha of urea, 75 kg/ha SP36, and 75 kg/ha KCl) and 3 tons/ha of organic fertilizer could increase 14.87 to 15.44% plant height and the number of leaves at 12.82 -15.11% compared to the same dose of inorganic fertilizer treatment alone. The combination of 1 dose (200 kg/ha of urea, 100 kg/ha SP36, and 100 kg/ha KCl) inorganic fertilizer application and 2 tonnes/ha of organic fertilizer could increase 50,60% yield/plot and yield/ha cabbage than 1 dose of inorganic fertilizer treatment..

scholarly journals Effects on NPK Status, Growth, Dry Matter and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa) by Organic Fertilizers Applied in Field Condition

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyi Moe ◽  
Aung Htwe ◽  
Thieu Thu ◽  
Yoshinori Kajihara ◽  
Takeo Yamakawa
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Total N ◽  
Continuous Application ◽  
Rice Yields

The decline in rice yields as a result of excessive chemical fertilizer (CF) inputs is a matter of great concern in rice-growing regions of Asia. In two-year’s field experiments, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) status, growth characteristics and yield of rice were examined by application of poultry manure (PM), cow manure (CM) and compost (CP). Organic fertilizers were applied as EMN (estimated mineralizable N) based on their total N content. Six treatments were assigned in a randomized complete block design: (1) no-N fertilizer (N0); (2) 50% CF (CF50), (3) 100% CF (CF100); 50% CF + 50% EMN from (4) PM or (5) CM or (6) CP. Compared with CF100, the CF50PM50 (total N ≥ 4%) accumulated higher N, P and K content in leaf, sheath, panicle and seeds, resulting in greater growth and yield. The CF50PM50 increased yield by 8.69% and 9.70%, dry matter by 4.76% and 5.27% over CF100 in both years. The continuous application of CF50CM50 (total N < 4%) and CF50CP50 (total N < 4%) treatments led to similar NPK contents but higher yields than those of CF100 treatment in 2018. In conclusion, the organic fertilizer (total N ≥ 4%) with the EMN method enhances higher N availability in each year. Continuous application of organic fertilizer (total N < 4%) over two years effectively increased N availability in the second year. The 50% organic fertilizer (total N ≥ 4%) and 50% CF led to increased NPK availability and rice yields over the 100% CF treatment, reducing CF usage and leading for sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Effect of Two Urea Forms and Organic Fertilizer Derived from Expired Milk Products on Dynamic of NH3 Emissions and Growth of Williams Banana

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1113
Author(s):  
Fei Lin ◽  
You Wu ◽  
Zheli Ding ◽  
Zhaoxi Zhou ◽  
Xinge Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Slow Release Urea

Sustainable agricultural development depends mainly on the recycling of organic wastes to reduce environmental pollution, as well as to reduce the use of mineral fertilizers. Expired milk products are rich in organic carbon and nitrogen, so they are good raw materials for making organic fertilizers. In this study, expired milk products were converted to organic fertilizer (EDPF) by gravity and thermal treatments. The extracted EDPF was used in the nutrition of Williams banana plants under field conditions for two growing seasons. The field experiment consisted of four treatments including: C = control without N fertilization, U = traditional urea, SRU = slow-release urea, and EDPF. EDPF significantly (p < 0.05) improved the growth and yield of Williams banana in comparison to U and SRU. EDPF significantly minimized the soil pH and increased the soil organic-C and cation exchange capacity compared to the other treatments. EDPF increased the total yield of bunches by 20% and 17% in the first and second years, respectively, above U and SRU. EDPF surpassed the traditional and slow-release urea in its ability to supply the banana plants with nitrogen. NH3-N loss from U, SRU, and EDPF reached 172, 132, and 100 kg N ha−1, respectively, which accounted for 34%, 26%, and 20% of the total added nitrogen. Nitrogen loss from the investigated treatments was in the order: U > SRU > EDPF > C. EDPF significantly reduced the ammonia volatilization compared to U and SRU by reducing the soil pH and increasing the soil organic matter. The dynamic of NH3 emissions not only depends on the nitrogen form but also on climatic conditions and concentrations of NH4+ in the soil solution. Protecting the ecosystem and maximizing the benefits of wastes utilization can be done through the recycling of expired dairy products to organic fertilizers.

scholarly journals The Impact of Bio-Organic and N, P, K Fertilizers on the Growth and Yield of Potato

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duraid K.A. AL-Taey ◽  
Rusul F. AL-Shmary
Keyword(s):  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

Bio-organic agriculture considers the medium- and long-term impact of agricultural interferences on the agro-ecosystem. It aims to produce food while setting an ecological balance to soil fertility. Bio-organic agriculture takes a proactive design as opposed to treating problems after they emerge, so the study was conducted for studying two factors: First: the cultivars (Riviera and Arizona) class A resulting from cultivation of class E imported and cultivated in spring season 2018. The second factor: fertilizer combinations (bio-organic fertilizers compared with traditional chemical fertilizers). Arizona cultivar significantly achieved the highest values, in most of the study parameters compared to Rivera cultivar. Significant differences were observed between the treatments of fertilizer combinations, the treatment (organic fertilizer + bio-fertilizer + 25% chemical fertilizer) significantly achieved the best values compared to the control. Bi-interaction treatment (Arizona cultivar + organic fertilizer + bio-fertilizer + chemical fertilizer 25%) achieved the highest yield per hectare (43.24 tons.ha−1).

scholarly journals Growth and Yield of Chili Pepper under Different Time Application of Wedelia (Wedelia trilobata) and Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata) Organic Fertilizers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanik Setyowati ◽  
Zainal Muktamar ◽  
Silma Oktiasa ◽  
Dwi W. Ganefianti
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Wedelia Trilobata

Low content of soil organic matter and low availability of nutrients in Ultisol are major constraints of this soil to support growth and development of chili pepper. Application of organic fertilizer is required to increase content of soil organic matter as well as to improve other chemical, biological, physical properties of this soil. Wedelia (Wedelia trilobata) and Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata) are potential sources of organic fertilizer. The aim of this study was to compare growth and yield of chili pepper under different time application of Wedelia and Siam Weed based organic fertilizers. Greenhouse house experiment was conducted employing Completely Randomized Design with 2 factors namely Wedelia and Siam Weed composts as first factor and 5 (five) different time of application as second factor. Each treatment was replicated 5 times. The study showed that most variables observed in this experiment were not affected by types of compost. Only were plant height, canopy width and dry weight of biomass significant difference between the two composts. Siam weed compost applied two weeks before planting resulted in plant canopy wider than Wedelia compost. However, Wedelia compost applied at planting resulted in longer chili pepper as compared to Siam weed compost. The experiment also revealed that Wedelia compost produced higher plant height and root dry weight as compared to Siam weed compost.

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