scholarly journals Comparison of Ronstar Formulations for Efficacy and Phytotoxicity in Container Grown Landscape Plants

1988 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-80
Author(s):  
K. Kalmowitz ◽  
T. Whitwell
Keyword(s):  
Weed Species ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Tert Butyl ◽  
Emulsifiable Concentrate ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
Wettable Powder ◽  
Excellent Control ◽  
Polygonum Pensylvanicum ◽  
Ec Formulations

Three formulations of Ronstar [oxadiazon-2-tert-butyl-4-(2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-2-1 ,3,4-oxadiazolin-5 one], were evaluated for control of 3 weed species and injury to 3 woody landscape plants over 90 days. Wettable powder (WP) 50%, 20% granular and 0.24 kg/L (2 lb/gal) emulsifiable concentrate (EC) were evaluated at 3 rates, 2.2, 4.5 and 9.0 kg/ha (2,4 and 8 lb/A). The WP formulation was generally more effective than the G formulation for control of goosegrass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaert] and Pennsylvania smartweed (Polygonum pensylvanicum L.). Ronstar at the 4.5 kg/ha (4 lb/A) rate of WP and EC formulations provided excellent control of goosegrass and Pennsylvania smartweed. Prostrate spurge (Euphorbia humistrata Eagelm. ex gray) was controlled only by the 9.0 kg/ha (8 lb/A) rate of all 3 formulations. Pronounced injury to Compact Japanese Holly (Ilex crenata Thumb. ‘Compacta’) and ‘Hershey Red’ Azalea Rhododendron obtusum was evident at 14 and 30 days after treatment with the WP and EC formulations. Ninety days after treatment the species were marketable plants. Evergreen euonymus (Euonymus japonica) was not injured with any formulation or rate of Ronstar.

THE CONTROL OF THE APPLE APHID ON DWARF APPLE TREES WITH BARK APPLICATIONS OF DIMETHOATE

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Pielou
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Basal Part ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Emulsifiable Concentrate ◽  
Aphis Pomi ◽  
Wettable Powder ◽  
Excellent Control

Very effective control of the apple aphid, Aphis pomi DeG., on dwarf apple trees, has been obtained by two paintings of an undiluted emulsifiable concentrate of dimethoate (30 per cent active ingredient) on the basal part of the trunk of the tree. Approximately 2 millilitres are applied per tree, and application is made with a 1-inch paint brush around the trunk over a distance of approximately 12 inches. A single application in early July, at a time when the seasonal upsurge of aphids is beginning, gave excellent control for 3 to 4 weeks, even where conditions for reinfestation were favourable. A second application at the end of that period ensured full seasonal control. Almost equally good control was obtained by diluting the concentrate with an equal volume of water. At greater dilutions less effective control resulted. The use of a slurry made from dimethoate, 50 per cent wettable powder, in place of the emulsion, was reasonably effective but slower in action.

scholarly journals Selective herbicides to control grass seeds in transplanted tomatoes and peppers

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li C. Liu ◽  
Megh R. Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Sequential Treatment ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Excellent Control

Quizalofop and fluazifop were evaluated as monocot weed control agents in transplanted peppers and tomatoes at the semiarid AES-UPR Fortuna Agricultural Substation. An additional trial was conducted to evaluate a sequential treatment of metribuzin and fluazifop for multiple weed species control in tomatoes. In the first two trials, both quizalofop and fluazifop provided an excellent control of grass species Echinochloa colona, Digitaria sanguinalis, Eleusine indica, and Leptochloa filiformis. These weeds were controlled with quizalofop at 0.112 and 0.224 kg ai/ha and with fluazifop at 0.28 and 0.56 kg ai/ha. None of the herbicides produced any apparent injury to peppers and tomatoes. The sequential treatment of metribuzin and fluazifop, 15 days later at 0.56 kg ai/ha, was highly effective against both grass and broadleaf weeds in tomatoes. This treatment caused no apparent injury.

Absorption, Translocation, and Metabolism of14C-Glufosinate in Glufosinate-Resistant Corn, Goosegrass (Eleusine indica), Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), and Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia)

Weed Science ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley J. Everman ◽  
Cassandra R. Mayhew ◽  
James D. Burton ◽  
Alan C. York ◽  
John W. Wilcut
Keyword(s):  
Weed Species ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Senna Obtusifolia ◽  
Harvest Timing ◽  
Treated Leaf ◽  
Harvest Intervals ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate14C-glufosinate absorption, translocation, and metabolism in glufosinate-resistant corn, goosegrass, large crabgrass, and sicklepod. Glufosinate-resistant corn plants were treated at the four-leaf stage, whereas goosegrass, large crabgrass, and sicklepod were treated at 5, 7.5, and 10 cm, respectively. All plants were harvested at 1, 6, 24, 48, and 72 h after treatment (HAT). Absorption was less than 20% at all harvest intervals for glufosinate-resistant corn, whereas absorption in goosegrass and large crabgrass increased from approximately 20% 1 HAT to 50 and 76%, respectively, 72 HAT. Absorption of14C-glufosinate was greater than 90% 24 HAT in sicklepod. Significant levels of translocation were observed in glufosinate-resistant corn, with14C-glufosinate translocated to the region above the treated leaf and the roots up to 41 and 27%, respectively. No significant translocation was detected in any of the weed species at any harvest timing. Metabolites of14C-glufosinate were detected in glufosinate-resistant corn and all weed species. Seventy percent of14C was attributed to glufosinate metabolites 72 HAT in large crabgrass. Less metabolism was observed for sicklepod, goosegrass, and glufosinate-resistant corn, with metabolites composing less than 45% of detectable radioactivity 72 HAT.

The susceptibility of Glossina pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) to insecticide deposits on targets

1985 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Torr
Keyword(s):  
Glossina Pallidipes ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Emulsifiable Concentrate ◽  
Aqueous Suspensions ◽  
Wettable Powder

AbstractStudies were made of the susceptibility of wild-caught females of Glossina pallidipes Austen to deposits of DDT, dieldrin and deltamethrin on cotton canvas and Terylene netting. Aqueous suspensions of 3% dieldrin wettable powder, 3% dieldrin emulsifiable concentrate, 5·0% DDT wettable powder and 0·0625% deltamethrin flowable concentrate, were sprayed on the canvas at 0·36% litre/m2 Over 95% of the flies resting for 45 s on fresh deposits of these insecticides died within 72 h. Deposits of dieldrin, DDT and deltamethrin exposed to the sun during 140 days of the dry season produced mortalities of 100, 0 and 10% compared with 100, 75 and 100% for shaded deposits. The concentration of dieldrin and deltamethrin on exposed canvas was about 1% that on shaded canvas, but dieldrin produced photodieldrin upon exposure to the sun. Flies colliding with Terylene netting that had been immersed in 0·75–6·0% suspensions of dieldrin wettable powder and 0·01–0·1% suspensions of deltamethrin flowable concentrate produced mortalities of 100%. Deltamethrin deposits were resistant to weathering by rain, but dieldrin deposits were not. It is suggested that deltamethrin flowable concentrate should be used during the wet season and that dieldrin wettable powder should be used during the dry season. Dieldrin sprayed on an electrocuting target reduced the catch, but deltamethrin did not.

Efficacy of Preemergence Herbicides for Controlling a Dinitroaniline-Resistant Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) in Georgia

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick E. McCullough ◽  
Jialin Yu ◽  
Diego Gómez de Barreda
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Excellent Control ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides

Goosegrass is a problematic weed in turfgrass, and overuse of dinitroaniline (dna) herbicides has resulted in evolution of resistant populations. The objectives of this research were to (1) evaluate responses of a susceptible (S) goosegrass compared to a suspected resistant (R) biotype from Griffin, GA to prodiamine, and (2) evaluate efficacy of various PRE herbicides for control. Prodiamine rates required for 50% control and 50% shoot reductions after 6 wk for R-goosegrass measured > 13.44 and 3.2 kg ai ha−1, respectively, whereas rates for the S-population measured 0.45 and < 0.42 kg ha−1, respectively. In field experiments, sequential applications of dithiopyr and prodiamine provided < 20% control of R-goosegrass over 2 yr. Single applications of dimethenamid-P at 1.68 kg ai ha−1provided < 50% goosegrass control in 2011 but provided excellent control (≥ 90%) at 7 mo after initial treatments (MAIT) in 2012. Single and sequential applications of indaziflam provided excellent control of goosegrass in both years, and oxadiazon controlled goosegrass > 85% at 7 MAIT in 2011 and ≥ 90% in 2012. Single and sequential PRE sulfentrazone applications controlled goosegrass < 60% in 2011 but averaged 94% control in 2012. Overall, indaziflam and oxadiazon provided good (80 to 89%) to excellent control of dna-resistant goosegrass in both years, but dimethenamid and sulfentrazone were inconsistent.

Toxicities of Insecticide Residues on Loblolly Pine Foliage to Leaffooted Pine Seed Bug Adults (Heteroptera: Coreidae)2

1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Nord
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Emulsifiable Concentrate ◽  
Insecticide Residues ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Knockdown Effect ◽  
Wettable Powder ◽  
Organophosphorous Insecticides ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Fourteen commercial and four experimental formulations of insecticides, when applied to loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., foliage in a simulated high volume spray, varied in their residual contact toxicities to adult leaffooted pine seed bugs, Leptoglossus corculus (Say). Deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate (EC), the most toxic insecticide tested, was 7 times as toxic to adult females as the standard, azinphosmethyl EC. Azinphosmethyl wettable powder (WP) was slightly more toxic to females than the EC at LC90; all other insecticides were less toxic than azinphosmethyl EC to females (half or less). Azinphosmethyl EC, deltamethrin EC, permethrin (Pounce) EC, and phosmet WP were equally toxic to both sexes, while permethrin (Ambush) EC and fenvalerate EC were both more toxic to males than females. Azinphosmethyl WP was more toxic to females than males. Several of the insecticides, including propoxur WP, malathion EC and chlorpyrifos EC, had relatively low residual contact toxicities but were very toxic to seed bug adults as fumigants. The pyrethroids permethrin, deltamethrin and fenvalerate had a relatively rapid knockdown effect, in contrast to the slower-acting organophosphorous insecticides.

Banded herbicide, rotary hoeing and cultivation effects on weed populations in ridge-tilled soybean

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Jurik
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Setaria Faberi ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Polygonum Pensylvanicum ◽  
Ridge Tillage

Can banded herbicide be eliminated in ridge-tilled soybean (Glycine max)? The effects of banded herbicide, rotary hoeing and cultivation on weed populations and soybean yield in a ridge-tillage system were tested on three farms in Iowa, USA in 1989 and 1990. In 1989, plots either had no herbicide or had herbicide banded in the row at planting in mid-May; all plots received two rotary hoeings and two cultivations. In 1990, treatments were banded herbicide with no rotary hoeing, banded herbicide with one rotary hoeing, and no herbicide with one or two rotary hoeings; all plots received two or three cultivations. In both years, over all weed species [primarily giant foxtail (Setaria faberi), Pennsylvania smartweed (Polygonum pensylvanicum) and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus)], seedling emergence was highest in late May and early June, with few seedlings emerging after mid-June. Weed populations were highest in May and June, after which rotary hoeing and cultivation reduced weed numbers in all plots. There were no consistent differences among treatments in weed numbers in early August for the 2 years. In both years, there was no significant difference in soybean yield among treatments. Within-farm mean yields ranged from 2.26 to 3.01 Mg ha−1among farms in 1989 and from 2.07 to 2.93 Mg ha−1among farms in 1990. Ridge-tillage without herbicide was generally equivalent to ridge-tillage with banded herbicide, with respect to total number of weeds and number of broad-leaved weeds remaining in August after tillage, and to soybean yield.

scholarly journals Host plants of root-knot nematodes

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (0) ◽  
pp. 527-530
Author(s):  
Luiz Gonzaga E. Lordello ◽  
Luiz Carlos Fazuoli ◽  
Condorcet Aranha ◽  
Rubens R.A. Lordello
Keyword(s):  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Solanum Americanum

Root-knot nematodes were found attacking Coffea spp. and also roots of a few weed species usually found in the coffee orchards in São Paulo. C. arabica cv. Catuaí, C. arabica cv. Mundo Novo, Timor Hybrid and a few plants of C. racemosa showed to be susceptible to Meloidogyne exigua. Roots of Ageratum conyzoides, Amaranthus viridis, Bidens pilosa, Coffea arabica cv. Mundo Novo, Coffea racemosa, Commelina virginica, Digitaria sanguinalis, Galinsoga parviflora, Gnaphalium spathulatum, Porophyllum ruderale, Portulaca oleracea, Pterocaulon virgatum and Solanum americanum were disfigured by M. incognita M. arenaria was found attacking roots of Eleusine indica and Gnaphalium spathulatum, and the presence of an unidentified Meloidogyne species was verified in roots of the following species: Vernonia ferruginea, C. arabica x C. canephora, Eupatorium pauciflorum, Coffea canephora cv. Kouillou, Coffea eugenioides, Coffea racemosa, Coffea stenophylla, Euphorbia pilullifera, Solanum americanum, Ageratum conyzoides, Phyllanthus corcovadensis, and Emilia sagittata.

scholarly journals Weed Management in Transplanted Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum) with Pretransplant Tank Mixes of Sulfentrazone, S-metolachlor, and Dimethenamid-p

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1492-1494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
Kristen McNaughton ◽  
Nader Soltani
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Excellent Control

Pepper growers currently have limited access to many effective broadleaf herbicides. Field trials were conducted over a 3-year period in Ontario to study the effect of tank mixtures of sulfentrazone (100 or 200 g·ha−1 a.i.) with either s-metolachlor (1200 or 2400 g·ha−1 a.i.) or dimethenamid-p (750 or 1500 g·ha−1 a.i.) on transplanted bell pepper. Under weed-free conditions, there was no visual injury or reduction in plant height, fruit number, fruit size, or marketable yield of transplanted pepper with pretransplant applications of sulfentrazone applied in tank mixtures with s-metolachlor or dimethenamid-p. The tank mixture of sulfentrazone + s-metolachlor gave greater than 85% control of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) and eastern black nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum), but only 70% to 76% control of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), and common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album). The combination of sulfentrazone + dimethenamid-p provided good to excellent control of all weed species except velvetleaf. Based on this study, sulfentrazone and dimethenamid-p have potential for minor use registration in pepper.

scholarly journals Assessment of methyl ester as a green carrier solvent in pesticide emulsifiable concentrate formulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 947 (1) ◽  
pp. 012031
Author(s):  
Nguyen Hoc Tran ◽  
Thai Van Trung Hieu ◽  
Trung Dang-Bao ◽  
Tran Thi Kieu Anh
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Green Solvent ◽  
Aromatic Solvents ◽  
Emulsifiable Concentrate ◽  
Carrier Solvent ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Ec Formulations

Abstract The conventional pesticide emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulations usually contain a large amount of aromatic solvents. This causes adverse effects to environment and human health due to the toxicity of such organic solvents. In this study, a cypermethrine 25EC formulation was developed using methyl ester as a green solvent. The physicochemical characterizations, emulsion properties and storage stabilities of the methyl ester EC formulations were investigated and compared with those of the EC formulation using naphtha A100 as a solvent, evidencing excellent emulsion properties and storage stabilities of such methyl ester EC formulations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document