scholarly journals POSSIBILITY OF NEW LYMPHATIC PATHWAY CREATION THROUGH NEO-LYMPHANGIOGENESIS INDUCED BY SUBDERMAL DISSECTION

Lymphology ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Yamamoto ◽  
N. Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Life Score ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lymphatic Pathway ◽  
Lymphatic Pathways

Surgical intervention and subsequent wound healing process are known to induce neo-lymphangiogenesis, but few studies have been reported to utilize this mechanism for lymphedema treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate feasibility of subdermal dissection for neo-lymphangiogenesis induction (SDN) to treat lower extremity lymphedema (LEL). Medical records of secondary LEL patients who had undergone ICG lymphography and SDN procedure were reviewed. SDN was performed by dissecting fat tissues just below the dermis from the most proximal area showing dermal backflow through abdominal-toaxillary lymphatic pathways. Perioperative lymphedematous conditions were evaluated with lymphedema quality of life score (LeQOLiS) and LEL index. Seventeen female patients were included. SDN could be performed in 10 minutes on average without postoperative complication. Postoperative ICG lymphography showed new lymphatic pathways in 6 (35.3%) cases. Postoperative LeQOLiS ranged from 9 to 66, which was statistically lower than preoperative LeQOLiS (32.9 ± 19.2 vs. 36.6 ± 19.3, p = 0.048), whereas there was no statistically significant difference between pre- and post-operative LEL index (275.2 ± 23.3 vs. 270.5 ± 20.8, P = 0.073). Subdermal dissection, although its probability is not high, has a potential to induce neo-lymphangiogenesis. Further studies are required to improve and demonstrate efficacy of the procedure for new lymphatic pathway creation.

scholarly journals The Soweto stroke questionnaire

1998 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Hale ◽  
C. J. Eales ◽  
V. U. Fritz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Barthel Index ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Index Score ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Barthel Index Score ◽  
Life Score ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Impairment Score

A questionnaire was designed for a recent survey into the outcome of stroke patients in Soweto, named the Soweto Stroke Questionnaire (SSQ). It was based on the Barthel ADL Index (BI) but modified to suit the local context. This paper introduces the SSQ, and reports on its inter-rater reliability and its concurrent validity. Fifty-four subjects, in the age range 30 to 75 years, were interviewed and nineteen re-interviewed using the SSQ. Four different scores were calculated: a total score, a Barthel Index score, an Impairment score, and a Quality of Life score. The Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient was found to be high between the total score and the BI score. (r=0.948) which supports the concurrent validity of the developed questionnaire. In assessing the reliability of the SQQ, the Wilcoxin Test showed that there was no significant difference between the initial and repeat interviews for the total score, the Barthel Index score, and the Impairment score (p<0,05). The Quality of Life Score came closer to a difference, but not statistically significantly so. These tests were collaborated by Bland and Altman graphs which showed that in 95% of the time, the questions were repeatable. Mc Nemar’s Test of Symmetry showed that 34 out of 38 questions asked were found to have over 70% correlation. Four questions showed a lower correlation, the lowest being 63.16%. The SSQ was found to have interrater reliability, and to be concurrently valid to the Barthel Index. It is quick and easy to use, requiring no sophisticated equipment or training. It still requires to be investigated for sensitivity and predictiveness, and to be validated in a more general South African stroke population.

scholarly journals Quality of life of patients with hard-to-heal leg ulcers: a review of nursing documentation

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (Sup12) ◽  
pp. S13-S19
Author(s):  
Malin Olsson ◽  
Anne Friman
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Leg Ulcers ◽  
Nursing Documentation

People with hard-to-heal leg ulcers experience reduced quality of life (QoL), including physical, mental and social aspects; this, in turn, negatively affects the wound healing process. QoL is often overlooked by health professionals treating those with hard-to-heal wounds, for whom the focus is instead on the wound itself and the healing process. This study aimed to investigate how the QoL of patients with hard-to-heal wounds is documented and followed up by nurses. The healthcare records of patients with hard-to-heal wounds were reviewed using an audit instrument. Data were collected retrospectively from 12 patient healthcare records. The nursing documentation included few notes related to patients' QoL. The nurses focused on issues such as nutrition, mobilisation and smoking, while the patients expressed concerns about anxiety/depressed mood, pain and sleeping difficulties. Only nine of the documented problems were approved according to the instrument. Most importantly, documentation of planned interventions and outcomes was missing. Documentation by nurses around the QoL of patients with hard-to-heal wounds is lacking, because of which QoL might be neglected and wound healing might not progress well.

scholarly journals Flatfoot decreases school functioning among children < 11 years of age

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuke Damayanti ◽  
Panji Fortuna Hadisoemarto ◽  
Irma Ruslina Defi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
School Functioning ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Score ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Made In

Background <br />Flatfoot is a musculoskeletal abnormality commonly found in children that could result in a reduction of quality of life because of its related symptoms and functional abnormalities. This study aimed to determine the association between flatfoot and the quality of life among children 5-18 years of age. <br /><br />Methods <br />A cross sectional design was used in this study of children aged 5-18 years. The diagnosis of flatfoot was made in accordance with the Chippaux-Smirak Index classification, whereas general and domain-specific quality of life were measured using the Indonesian version of PedsQL™ that has been previously validated. Mann Whitney test was used to compare quality of life between children with flatfoot and normal feet, along with other variables that potentially may influence a child’s quality of life. <br /><br />Results <br />A total of 79 out of 120 subjects was used to analyze the data. There was a statistically significant difference in the quality of life score in the school functioning domain between children with flatfoot (64.46 ±18.22) and those with normal feet (75.90 ±17.29) in children &lt;11 years of age (p=0.029). Apart from this, the study did not find any statistically significant differences in the total quality of life score or in other quality of life domains between the two groups. <br /><br />Conclusions <br />Flatfoot significantly decreases children’s quality of life in the school functioning domain. Early detection and correction of flatfoot may be necessary to improve the educational attainment of children suffering from this condition.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN KUALITAS HIDUP BERDASARKAN SHORT FORM-36 ANTARA PENDERITA STROKE ISKEMIK SERANGAN PERTAMA DENGAN KEDUA

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazwan Hassa ◽  
Jimmy Eko Budi Hartono ◽  
Dwi Pudjonarko
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Recurrent Stroke ◽  
Life Score ◽  
Short Form 36 ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Significant Difference

  DIFFERENCES QUALITY OF LIFE BASED ON SHORT FORM–36 BETWEEN FIRST AND SECOND ATTACK ISCHEMIC STROKE PATIENTSABSTRACTIntroduction: Stroke is the biggest cause of physical disability, emotional, and social life in adults. The recurrent stroke let to decreased the quality of life.Aims: To know whether there is a difference in quality of life based on the Short Form-36 (SF-36) between first and second attack ischemic stroke patients.Methods: Observational analytic with retrospective cross sectional study in Neurology Polyclinic Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang form July-September 2016. Inclusion criteria are patients with first or second attack of ischemic stroke, level education at least elementary school, age between 50-70 years old, and last attack 4 week or less before the sampling conducted. Quality of life were scored based on SF-36 between first and second attack patients. T-test and Mann- Whitney were used to analyze the data.Results: Fifty subject (25 in each group) included with mean age 57.72 (51-65) and 60.24 (51-70) years old in first attack and second attack group respectively. Older age showed lower quality of life score. The quality of life score is lower in older, stroke onset >1 year, and lower education. There was significant quality of life score difference between first and second attack group. Quality of life patients with first attack is better significantly compared to the second attack group in functional and physical domain, energy, and total score.Discussion: There is a significant difference in quality of life based on the SF-36 between first and second attack ischemic stroke patients.Keywords: Ischemic stroke, quality of  life, SF-36ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Stroke merupakan penyebab terbesar ketidakmampuan fisik, emosi, dan kehidupan sosial pada orang dewasa. Serangan stroke berulang menyebabkan peningkatan risiko penurunan kualitas hidup.Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan kualitas hidup pasien stroke iskemik serangan pertama dan kedua berdasarkan Short Form-36 (SF-36).Metode: Penelitian analitik observasional secara potong lintang retrospektif di Poliklinik Neurologi RSUP Dr. Kariadi, Semarang pada bulan Juli-September 2016. Kriteria inklusi adalah pasien stroke iskemik serangan pertama atau kedua, berpendidikan minimal SD atau sederajat, berusia antara 50-70 tahun, dan mengalami serangan stroke terakhir minimal 4 minggu sebelum penelitian. Dilakukan penilaian skor kualitas hidup berdasarkan SF–36 antara pasien stroke iskemik serangan pertama dengan kedua. Analisis menggunakan uji T-tes dan Mann-Whitney.Hasil: Terdapat 50 subjek yang terdiri dari masing-masing 25 subjek pada kelompok dengan stroke iskemik serangan pertama dan kelompok dengan serangan kedua dengan rerata usia 57,72 (51–65) tahun dan 60,24 (51–70) tahun. Usia yang semakin meningkat menunjukkan skor kualitas hidup semakin menurun. Skor kualitas hidup lebih rendah pada usia yang lebih tinggi, lama menderita stroke >1 tahun, dan pendidikan yang lebih rendah. Didapatkan perbedaan bermakna antara rerata skor kualitas hidup pasien stroke serangan pertama dan kedua. Kualitas hidup subjek pada serangan stroke pertama lebih baik secara bermakna dibandingkan pada kelompok serangan kedua, dalam domain fungsi dan peranan fisik, energi, serta total skor secara keseluruhan.Diskusi: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna kualitas hidup berdasarkan SF-36 antara pasien stroke iskemik serangan pertama dengan kedua.Kata kunci: SF-36, skor kualitas hidup, stroke iskemik

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Quality of Life in Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia and Mood Disorder at a Tertiary Care Psychiatric Hospital at Visakhapatnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (23) ◽  
pp. 1922-1926
Author(s):  
Rama Krishnam Raju Rudraraju ◽  
Sivaramakrishna Molli
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Score ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND Caregivers play a significant role in psychosocial management of mentally ill patients, as a result of an increasing shift of psychiatric care to the community. Nowadays, caregiver’s role becomes vital as psychiatric patients are receiving relatively short inpatient care, and early discharge from hospital. Caregivers of patients with major psychiatric disorders have diminished quality of life as these disorders are long-lasting. The purpose of this study was to compare the quality of life in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and mood disorder METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. Sample consists of 60 caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and mood disorder, who are attending a government hospital for mental care. Data was collected and quality of life was assessed using world health organisation QOL - BREF (WHOQOL - BREF) questionnaire. Mean quality of life score of caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and mood disorder was compared. Higher the score, better the quality of life. RESULTS Sample consists of 34 females and 26 males. Mean quality of life score of caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and mood disorder was 79.3 and 82.3, respectively. There is a significant difference between the mean quality of life score of caregivers of schizophrenia and mood disorder group with a P - value 0.013 (< 0.05). Quality of life is better in caregivers of patients with mood disorder compared to schizophrenia, maybe due to the nature of the illness, i.e. continuous in schizophrenia and episodic type in mood disorder. CONCLUSIONS Measuring quality of life among caregivers can help initiate early intervention among vulnerable caregivers. By providing better health services and psychoeducation, caregivers quality of life can be improved, which improves the level of caregiving and also helps in enhancing the quality of life in mentally ill patients. KEYWORDS Caregivers, Quality of Life, Schizophrenia, Mood Disorder

Kualitas Hidup Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru yang Mengalami Stigma Diri (Quality of Life Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients With Self Stigma))

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Yunita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Average Quality ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Life Score

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic disease that can bring about the sufferer's self-stigma and also affect his quality of life. A number of studies report that living with TB has a negative influence on the quality of life of sufferers even with or without self-stigma. The purpose of this study was to identify the quality of life of TB patients who experienced self-stigma. This research is a descriptive study, sample were 31 pulmonary TB patients. Data was collected using a questionnaire. Data analyzed by using frequency distribution and percentage. The researcher first screened TB patients who experienced self-stigma. The results showed that 25 people (80.64%) respondents experienced mild self-stigma. A total of 9 respondents (36%) had a quality of life score in the good category and as many as 16 respondents (64%) had enough category with an average quality of life score is 56.57. While respondents who had moderate self-stigma were 6 people (19.36%) with a good quality of life score was 1 person (16.67%) and enough category quality of life score were 5 people (83.33%) with an average quality of life score is 49.92.

HUBUNGAN EFIKASI DIRI DENGAN KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Abdul Wakhid ◽  
Estri Linda Wijayanti ◽  
Liyanovitasari Liyanovitasari
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov

Background: Self efficacy can optimize the quality of life of clients who undergo the healing process due to chronic diseases. Individuals with higher self-efficacy move their personal and social resources proactively to maintain and improve the quality and length of their lives so that they experience a better quality of life. Objectives: the purpose of this study was to find the correlation between self efficacy and quality of life of patients with chronic kidney disease who undergo hemodialysis at RSUD Semarang Regency. Metode: This type of research was descriptive correlation with cross sectional approach. The samples in this study more 76 people with total sampling technique. The data collection tool for self efficacy was measured by General Self-Efficacy scale, for quality of life with WHOQoL-BREF. Statistical test used Kolmogorov-smirnov. Result: The result showed that self efficacy in patients with chronic kidney disease was mostly in moderate category (53,9%), quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease was mostly in good category (68,4%). There was a correlation between self efficacy and quality of life of patients with chronic kidney disease who undergo hemodialysis at RSUD Semarang Regency, the result obtained p-value of 0.000 <α (0,05). Suggestion: Patients with chronic kidney disease can maintain good quality of life by helping to generate positive self-esteem and high self efficacy.

PERAN WARGA PEDULI AIDS CAHAYA CARE TUREN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS HIDUP ODHA

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Nurhudi Sasono
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
P Value ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract : Indicator of the health welfare through Sustanable Development Goals (SDGs) is to reduce the incidence of HIV-AIDS, decrease the rate of the epidemic and maintain the quality of life of people living with HIV-AIDS (PLWHA). Trend cases of HIV-AIDS is the most recent spread among people, especially housewives. In Malang until 2015 found 278 Housewife of 409 cases of AIDS. The prevalence of HIV-AIDS in Malang Regency is ranked second after Surabaya city in East Java. For the importance of public participation and citizen care AIDS Cahaya Care Turen take responsibility for the condition. Determination Rule Goverment number 2 2015 year on the Participation of the community response to HIV-AIDS in Malang as a legal rule. Concerned Citizens activities AIDS (WPA). WPA Cahaya Care Turen is increases HIV risk and quality of life PLWHA. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of Citizens AIDS Cahaya Care Quality of Care Turen against people living with HIV in Puskesmas Turen Malang. The study design using a quasi-experimental, with purposive sampling using a sampling technique. Total number of research subjects 23. Based on test results obtained with the Wilcoxon p value <0.005, which means that there is a significant difference before and after PLWHA joining participated in the WPA Cahaya Care Turen. The conclusion of this study is WPA activities involving people living with HIV and at risk groups can optimize compliance with antiretroviral drugs that have an impact on improving the quality of life of PLHIV. Suggestions in this research is done WPA Program activities are structured and ongoing cross-sector in order to improve the quality of life and empower PLWHA.Keywords : WPA Cahaya Care Turen, Quality of life, PLWHA Abstrak : Salah satu indikator kesejahteraan kesehatan melalui Sustanable Development Goals (SDGs) adalah menekan angka kejadian HIV-AIDS, menurunkan laju epidemik dan mempertahankan kualitas hidup Orang dengan HIV-AIDS (ODHA). Trend kasus HIV-AIDS terkini terbanyak adalah menjangkit dikalangan masyarakat khususnya pada ibu rumah tangga. Kabupaten Malang sampai dengan tahun 2015 ditemukan 278 Ibu Rumah Tangga dari 409 kasus AIDS. Prevalensi HIV-AIDS di Kabupaten Malang ini merupakan peringkat kedua di Jawa Timur setelah Kota Surabaya. Untuk itu pentingnya peran serta masyarakat dan warga peduli AIDS Cahaya Care Turen ikut bertanggung jawab terhadap kondisi tersebut. Penetapan Peraturan Bupati Malang no.2 th.2015 tentang Peran serta masyarakat penanggulangan HIV-AIDS di Kabupaten Malang diharapkan dapat mengurangi risiko penularan HIV dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup ODHA. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Peran Warga Peduli AIDS Cahaya Care Turen terhadap Kualitas ODHA Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Turen Kabupaten Malang. Desain penelitian menggunakan quasi eksperimen, dengan teknik sampling menggunakan purposive sampling. Jumlah subyek penelitian sejumlah 23. Berdasarkan hasil uji dengan Wilcoxon didapatkan nilai p value < 0.005 yang berarti bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna sebelum dan sesudah ODHA bergabung mengikuti kegiatan WPA Cahaya Care Turen. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah kegiatan WPA dengan melibatkan ODHA dan kelompok beresiko dapat mengoptimalkan kepatuhan obat ART sehingga berdampak terhadap peningkatan kualitas hidup ODHA. Saran dalam penelitian ini adalah dilakukannya Program kegiatan WPA yang terstruktur dan berkesinambungan lintas sektor guna meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan memberdayakan ODHA.     Kata kunci : WPA Cahaya Care Turen, kualitas hidup, ODHA

COMPARISON OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS IN THE LOCALY ADVANCED BREAST CANCER FORMS AFTER SYSTEM AND INTRALYMPHATIC POLYCHEMOTHERAPY

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Yuriy Dumanskiy ◽  
Oleksandr Bondar ◽  
Oleksandr Tkachenko ◽  
Evhenii Stoliachuk ◽  
Vasilii Ermakov
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preoperative Treatment ◽  
Discrete Elements ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Significant Difference

In recent years, breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer pathology and the most common cause of disability among women in developed countries. Finding the most effective ways of interaction between the patient and the doctor creates the preconditions for the necessary analysis of the treatment process from an objective and subjective point of view. Therefore, an important indicator to be taken into account is the quality of life of a patient. To compare the indicators of a comprehensive assessment of the quality of life of patients to the adverse locally advanced forms (LA) of breast cancer before and after systemic intravenous polychemotherapy (SPCTx) and selective endolymphatic polychemotherapy (ELPCTx) in neoadjuvant mode. The study was conducted on the basis of a random analysis of outpatient cards from 112 patients with LA BC T4A-DN0-3M0 who received a comprehensive antitumor treatment on the basis of the Donetsk regional antitumor center and the University Clinic of the Odessa National Medical University from 2000 to 2017, which was proposed a questionnaire at various stages of preoperative treatment. The first (control) group consisted of 65 patients (58 %) with inoperable forms of LA BC, which was performed in neoadjuvant mode by SPCTx. The second (study group) included 47 patients (42 %) with inoperable forms of LA BC, which was performed as a neoadjuvant course ELPCTx. According to the integral indicators of quality of life and quality of health between patients in the control and study groups, there was no statistically significant difference. In a detailed analysis of the indicators of symptomatic scales, the difference between the groups did not exceed the critical. Based on the results of a study conducted among patients receiving endolymphatic chemotherapy in a neoadjuvant mode, the subjective evaluations of treatment in absolute numbers have better reference values without statistical superiority. The study of the integrative indicator of quality of life and its discrete elements is an ergonomic and economical means of heuristic assessment of the health of patients in order to further develop more rational and convenient ways of solving urgent issues of modern oncology by increasing compliance and finding a compromise between the physician and the patient.

Quality of Life, Physical Activity Level and Psychological Profile of Nigerians with Serious Mental Illness and Healthy Psychotropic Naive Subjects (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Arinze Okonkwo ◽  
Peter Olarenwaju Ibikunle ◽  
Izuchukwu Nwafor ◽  
Andrew Orovwigho
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Psychological Profile ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Apparently Healthy

BACKGROUND Quality of life (QoL), physical activity (PA) level and psychological profile (PF) of patients with serious mental illness have been neglected during patient’s management OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of selected psychotropic drugs on the QoL, PA level and PF of patients with serious mental illness METHODS A cross sectional survey involving one hundred and twenty-four subject [62 Serious Mental Illness (SMI) and 62 apparently healthy subjects as control] using purposive and consecutive sampling respectively .Questionnaires for each of the constructs were administered to the participants for data collation. Analysis of the data was done using non parametric inferential statistics of Mann-Whitney U independent test and Spearman’s rho correlation with alpha level set as 0.05. RESULTS Significant difference was recorded in the QoL (p<0.05) of patient with SMI and apparently healthy psychotropic naive participants. There was a significant correlation between the QoL (p<0.05) and PF of participants with SMI. Participants with SMI had significantly lower QoL than apparently healthy psychotropic naive subject. QoL of the healthy psychotropic naive group was better than those of the participants with SMI. Female participants with SMI had higher PA than their male counterparts CONCLUSIONS Psychological profiles of male participants with SMI were lower than male healthy psychotropic naive participants. Clinicians should take precaution to monitor the QoL, PA level and PF because the constructs are relevant in evaluation of treatment outcome.

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