ASSOCIATION AMONG ITEMS FROM THE SELF-REPORT VERSION OF THE HAMILTON DEPRESSION SCALE (CARROLL RATING SCALE) AND RESPONDENTS' SEX

The association among items of the self-reported version of the Hamilton Depression Scale (Carroll Rating Scale), answered according to a memory of a maximally disturbing event experienced, and respondents' sex was examined in a nonclinical sample of 320 college students, 164 women ( M age = 21.7 yr., SD = 3.6) and 156 men ( M age = 23.5 yr., SD = 5.8). An assessment of sex bias was also evaluated. Multiple regression analysis showed that statements regarding unhappiness, urge to cry, dizziness and faintness, and waking in the middle of the night were significantly associated with women. Removal of these items from the Carroll Rating Scale Total scores eliminated the sex differences in depression rates. Items that displayed significant sex bias were those regarding behavior and emotions commonly attributed to women within the general population.

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Psychiatric Assessment of Anxiety and Depression in Medical Patient

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70969-1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 (S1) ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

D. Telles-Correia ◽

A. Barbosa ◽

I. Mega

Keyword(s):

Learned Helplessness ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Medical Patient ◽

Theoretical Models ◽

Self Report ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Medical Illness ◽

Hamilton Depression Scale ◽

Depression And Anxiety

Anxiety and depression are very common in patients with medical illness and can be associated to a reduction in quality of life and a poor clinical evolution.The actual concept of anxiety is based on many theoretical models as Goldstein's anxiety model, State/trate anxiety model, Lazarus' transactional stress model. The concept of depression is based on models such as Beck's Cognitive Model and Seligman's learned helplessness model of depression.The link between anxiety/depression and medical illness can be of two kinds: biological (immunological, neuroendocrine, inflammatory systems) and behavioural (coping strategies, adherence to medical advice and prescription, etc).A dimensional approach should be used to access anxiety and depression in medical once the thresholds of depression and anxiety that are associated with medical outcomes are not known.Both self report and rating scale/interview measurements have certain advantages as well as certain inherent disadvantages. Neither approach is universally better than other.Some of the most used instruments are Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM), Hamilton Depression Scale (HDS), Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).The only scale validated exclusively to access depression and anxiety in medical population, and that can overcome the influence that medical disease has in depression and anxiety is HADS.

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What do Clinical Trials Tell us About Antidepressant Delayed Onset of Action?

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.018 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S3-S4

Author(s):

J. Rabinowitz

Keyword(s):

Rating Scale ◽

Antidepressant Treatment ◽

Antidepressant Drugs ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Self Report ◽

Symptom Improvement ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Hamilton Depression Scale ◽

Onset Of Action ◽

Individual Patient Level

Response to antidepressants in major depressive disorder is highly variable and determinants are not well understood. Presentation will provide clinical trial data on time to response and determinants of response to antidepressant treatment. Data is from the Innovative Medicines Initiative funded NEWMEDS collaboration, a large public-private collaboration which assembled the largest dataset of individual patient level information from randomized placebo-controlled trials of antidepressant drugs. Studies were conducted by four large pharmaceutical companies. Dataset includes placebo-controlled trials of citalopram, duloxetine, escitalopram, quetiapine and sertraline in adults with MDD. We examined patient and trial-design-related determinants of outcome as measured by change on Hamilton Depression Scale or Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale in 34 placebo-controlled trials (drug, n = 8260; placebo, n = 3957). While it is conventional for trials to be 6–8 weeks long, data presented will show that drug-placebo differences were observable at week 4 with nearly the same sensitivity and lower dropout rates. Having any of these attributes was significantly associated with greater drug vs. placebo differences on symptom improvement: female, patients being middle aged, increasing proportion of patients on placebo, excluding all patients from centers with high placebo response regardless of active treatment response, using active run in periods and including self-report measures. Proof of concept trials can be shorter and efficiency improved by selecting enriched populations based on clinical and demographic variables, ensuring adequate balance of placebo patients, and carefully selecting and monitoring centers. In addition to improving drug discovery, patient exposure to placebo and experimental treatments can be reduced.Disclosure of interestI have received research grant(s) support and/or travel support and/or speaker fees and/or consultant fees from Takeda, Minerva, Intra-cellular Therapies, Janssen (J&J), Eli Lilly, Pfizer, BiolineRx, Roche, Abraham Pharmaceuticals, Pierre Fabre, Minerva and Amgen.

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Using the Rating Scale Model to Examine the Psychometric Properties of the Self-Efficacy Scale for Driver Competence

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000063 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 164-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anna Sundström

Keyword(s):

Psychometric Properties ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Measurement Precision ◽

The Self ◽

Test Theory ◽

Self Report ◽

Scale Model ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Two Samples

This study evaluated the psychometric properties of a self-report scale for assessing perceived driver competence, labeled the Self-Efficacy Scale for Driver Competence (SSDC), using item response theory analyses. Two samples of Swedish driving-license examinees (n = 795; n = 714) completed two versions of the SSDC that were parallel in content. Prior work, using classical test theory analyses, has provided support for the validity and reliability of scores from the SSDC. This study investigated the measurement precision, item hierarchy, and differential functioning for males and females of the items in the SSDC as well as how the rating scale functions. The results confirmed the previous findings; that the SSDC demonstrates sound psychometric properties. In addition, the findings showed that measurement precision could be increased by adding items that tap higher self-efficacy levels. Moreover, the rating scale can be improved by reducing the number of categories or by providing each category with a label.

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Depressive Mixed States: Symptomatology, Prevalence and Principles of Treatment

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70808-9 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 (S1) ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

W. Drozdz ◽

A. Borkowska

Keyword(s):

Affective Disorders ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Depressive Symptomatology ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

The Other ◽

Mood Stabilizers ◽

Hamilton Depression Scale ◽

Principles Of Treatment ◽

Bipolar Patients

Current diagnostic systems (DSM-IV-TR and ICD-10) do not include depressive mixed state (DMS) as a separate category. However, both historical descriptions and data from recent research clearly indicate that cooccurrence of (hypo)maniacal and depressive symptoms is standard in clinical picture of affective disorders. Most frequently employed criterion for DMS is the presence of at least three symptoms of (hypo)mania for 7 days during a major depressive episode. Not only formal diagnostic criteria for DMS are lacking but also psychometric assessment tools (for example the Hamilton Depression Scale or the MADRS) were designed around the features of “classical” depression. The other obstacles to recognize DMS could be lack of insight into the (hypo)maniacal symptoms in patients and cognitive dysfunctions present during an episode. On the other hand, newly created instrument, the Bipolar Depression Rating Scale, may assist clinical evaluation of DMS. Despite predominating depressive symptomatology, the principles of treatment of DMS suggest avoidance of antidepressant monotherapy in favor of mood stabilizers' administration. Actually DMS may emerge as a complication of antidepressant monotherapy in some bipolar patients or may be induced with interferon-alpha treatment in some chronic hepatitis C patients. Important consequences of both spontaneous and drug-induced DMS could be the roughening of affective symptomatology, resistance to antidepressants and the increase of suicidality. Thorough appraisal of symptoms seen in patients with affective disorders for indicators of DMS could have critical consequences for functional outcomes.

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Faces scales in paediatric pain assessment

10.1093/med/9780198834359.003.0052 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Alison Bliss

Keyword(s):

Pain Intensity ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Critical Evaluation ◽

Pain Scale ◽

The Self ◽

Self Report ◽

Future Research ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Pain Scales ◽

Pain Rating Scale

The landmark paper discussed in this chapter is a systematic review assessing the commonly used faces pain scales employed to aid children in the self-report of their pain intensity. The review provides a critical evaluation of the Faces Pain Scale, the Faces Pain Scale-Revised (FPS-R), the Oucher pain scale, and the Wong–Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBFPRS). The reviewers found that the psychometric properties of the FPS-R supported its superiority for use in research. Although they found that children, and many staff, expressed a preference for the WBFPRS, the reviewers had major concerns about this scale confounding pain intensity with affect. They also noted the paucity of research in younger children, and concluded that future research should not focus on developing more pain scales for paediatric use but on examining the appropriate application of existing scales in a wider range of clinical settings.

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Relationship between parenting styles and depression in adolescents

Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3329/dujbs.v28i1.46492 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 49-59

Author(s):

Sanchary Prativa ◽

Farah Deeba

Keyword(s):

Parenting Style ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Self Report ◽

Child Rearing ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

The Family ◽

Authoritative Parenting Style ◽

The Relationship

This study aimed at examining the relationship between parenting styles and depression in adolescents. Convenient sampling was used to collect 100 adolescents (Mean age = 15.25 years, Sd = 0.90) from two colleges of Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Parental Attitude Questionnaire (PAQ) was used to measure parenting styles and two other self-report measures, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ) were used to assess depression in adolescents. From multiple regression analysis significant relationship was found between parenting style and adolescents’ depression measured by one self-rating scale. The overall regression model for investigating the relationship between parenting style and depression in adolescent was significant with HADS, (F = 3.77, p = 0.007) but not significant with SMFQ scores (F = 0.880, p = 0.454). For the dependent variable of depression measured by HADS, the strongest predictors were authoritative parenting style (β = –0.28, p = 0.03) and monthly income of the family which is also significant (β = 0.25, p = 0.01). Implications of the findings for child rearing and research are discussed. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 28(1): 49-59, 2019 (January)

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Depressive Symptoms, Pain, and Quality of Life among Patients with Nonalcohol-Related Chronic Pancreatitis

Pain Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2012/978646 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Wendy E. Balliet ◽

Shenelle Edwards-Hampton ◽

Jeffery J. Borckardt ◽

Katherine Morgan ◽

David Adams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Chronic Pancreatitis ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Self Report ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Depressive Symptomology ◽

The Mean

Objective. The present study was conducted to determine if depressive symptoms were associated with variability in pain perception and quality of life among patients with nonalcohol-related chronic pancreatitis. Methods. The research design was cross-sectional, and self-report data was collected from 692 patients with nonalcohol-related, intractable pancreatitis. The mean age of the sample was 52.6 (); 41% of the sample were male. Participants completed the MOS SF12 Quality of Life Measure, the Center for Epidemiological Studies 10-item Depression Scale (CESD), and a numeric rating scale measure of “pain on average” from the Brief Pain Inventory. Results. Depressive symptoms were significantly related to participants’ reports of increased pain and decreased quality of life. The mean CESD score of the sample was 10.6 () and 52% of the sample scored above the clinical cutoff for the presence of significant depressive symptomology. Patients scoring above the clinical cutoff on the depression screening measure rated their pain as significantly higher than those below the cutoff () and had significantly lower physical quality of life () and lower mental quality of life (). Conclusion. Although causality cannot be determined based on cross-sectional, correlational data, findings suggest that among patients with nonalcoholic pancreatitis, the presence of depressive symptoms is common and may be a risk factor associated with increased pain and decreased quality of life. Thus, routine screening for depressive symptomology among patients with nonalcoholic pancreatitis may be warranted.

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Depressed Mood after Stroke: Predictive Factors at Six Months Follow-Up

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17249542 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (24) ◽

pp. 9542

Author(s):

Fidel López-Espuela ◽

Raúl Roncero-Martín ◽

Maria de la Luz Canal-Macías ◽

Jose M. Moran ◽

Vicente Vera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rating Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Length Of Hospital Stay ◽

Hamilton Depression Scale ◽

Modified Rankin Scale ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Post Stroke ◽

Depression Assessment ◽

Degree Of Disability ◽

Post Stroke Depression

We aimed to know the prevalence of post-stroke depression (PSD) in our context, identify the variables that could predict post-stroke depression, by using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, occurring within six months after stroke, and identify patients at high risk for PSD. Methods: descriptive, cross-sectional and observational study. We included 173 patients with stroke (transient ischemic attack (TIA) included) and collected sociodemographic and clinical variables. We used the Hamilton Depression Scale (HDS) for depression assessment and Barthel Index and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) for functional assessment. The neurological severity was evaluated by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Results: 35.5% were women, aged 71.16 (±12.3). Depression was present in 42.2% patients (n = 73) at six months after stroke. The following variables were significantly associated with PSD: diagnosis of previous depression (p = 0.005), the modified Rankin Scale at discharge (p = 0.032) and length of hospital stay (p = 0.012). Conclusion: PSD is highly prevalent after stroke and is associated with the severity, left location of the stroke, and the degree of disability at discharge. Its impact justifies the evaluation and early treatment that still continues to be a challenge today.

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An Open-Label, 8-Week Study of Safety and Efficacy of Pimavanserin Treatment in Adults with Parkinson’s Disease and Depression

Journal of Parkinson s Disease ◽

10.3233/jpd-202058 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 1751-1761

Author(s):

Daryl DeKarske ◽

Gustavo Alva ◽

Jason L. Aldred ◽

Bruce Coate ◽

Marc Cantillon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Reuptake Inhibitor ◽

Adjunctive Therapy ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

System Organ Class ◽

Hamilton Depression Scale ◽

Open Label

Background: Many patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) experience depression. Objective: Evaluate pimavanserin treatment for depression in patients with PD. Methods: Pimavanserin was administered as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor or serotonin/noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor in this 8-week, single-arm, open-label phase 2 study (NCT03482882). The primary endpoint was change from baseline to week 8 in Hamilton Depression Scale–17-item version (HAMD-17) score. Safety, including collection of adverse events and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Part III (MDS-UPDRS III) scores, was assessed in patients who received ≥1 pimavanserin dose. Results: Efficacy was evaluated in 45 patients (21 monotherapy, 24 adjunctive therapy). Mean (SE) baseline HAMD-17 was 19.2 (3.1). Change from baseline to week 8 (least squares [LS] mean [SE]) in the HAMD-17 was –10.8 (0.63) (95% CI, –12.0 to –9.5; p < 0.0001) with significant improvement seen at week 2 (p < 0.0001) and for both monotherapy (week 8, –11.2 [0.99]) and adjunctive therapy (week 8,–10.2 [0.78]). Most patients (60.0%) had ≥50% improvement at week 8, and 44.4% of patients reached remission (HAMD-17 score ≤7). Twenty-one of 47 patients experienced 42 treatment-emergent adverse events; the most common by system organ class were gastrointestinal (n = 7; 14.9%) and psychiatric (n = 7; 14.9%). No negative effects were observed on MMSE or MDS-UPDRS Part III. Conclusion: In this 8-week, single-arm, open-label study, pimavanserin as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy was well tolerated and associated with early and sustained improvement of depressive symptoms in patients with PD.

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