Philosophy of Science: Help or Hindrance?

1993 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul E. Meehl
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Scientific Revolution ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Normal Science ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Explicit Discussion ◽  
And Training

Scientists routinely employ metatheoretic principles, explicit discussion of which typically occurs in times of intense controversy, theoretical crisis, scientific revolution, and entry into a new domain. The writings of philosophers, including their disagreements, are often helpful in such circumstances. Whether knowledge of formal metatheory helps us in doing “normal science” is researchable. Much scientific thinking is of poor quality, and it could be improved by explicit metatheoretical education. Clinical practice and training programs should emphasize rational skepticism, respect for evidence, objectivity, and quantitative thinking. Because the relation between principles and success is probabilistic, metatheoretical research should implement the case study method by formal actuarial procedures.

scholarly journals The Influencing Factors on the Effectiveness of Foundation Training Programs: A Case Study of the Health Cadre Service in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ziaur Rahman ◽  
Mokana A/P Muthu Kumarasamy ◽  
Abul Bashar Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Training Programs ◽  
Training Effectiveness ◽  
Bench Mark ◽  
Training Design ◽  
Training Environment ◽  
Kirkpatrick Model ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
Training Motivation ◽  
And Training

The research has been conducted to understand the training effectiveness where health professional participates for training who work under the Bangladesh Government. The research used the Kirkpatrick model. The paper has collected data form, 323 participants. The research measured the training effectiveness using survey questions. The multiple regression techniques have used to conduct analysis of the collected data. The findings of the research revealed that the training effectiveness has been affected significant positively by training motivation, trainer qualification, and training design. Moreover, the training environment does not have significant role on the impacting of the training effectiveness respectively. The study has specific recommendations based on the above findings as the bench mark to improve the effectiveness training in Bangladesh and the regions.

scholarly journals Paramedic Practice – Knowledge Invested in Action

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Wyatt
Keyword(s):  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Clinical Judgments ◽  
Tacit Knowing ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Practice Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Training

The ability of expert practitioners to make sound judgments when faced with non-routine situations calls on a form of tacit knowing that has been loosely branded as ‘intuition’, a ‘sixth sense’, or ‘gut feeling’. The development of tacit knowledge is associated with nonformal learning that occurs in the context of the workplace; however, the elusive nature of this phenomenon has served to hamper research efforts. The focus has therefore shifted away from tacit knowledge toward the more observable concept of ‘judgment’. Paramedics are called to make clinical judgments as part of their everyday practice, often unaware of the basis behind these judgments. This case study examines the source of knowledge drawn on by experienced paramedics when making judgments, especially when faced with situations they have not previously encountered, and proposes how new knowledge and meaning is constructed through such involvements. A better understanding of the relationship between knowing and judgment, and how they are developed, will have future implications for the provision of ongoing education and training programs for paramedics.

scholarly journals Guru Berprestasi Sumber Daya Manusia Pengembang Mutu Pendidikan Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-165
Author(s):  
Rusi Rusmiati Aliyyah ◽  
Widyasari Widyasari ◽  
Didi Mulyadi ◽  
Sri Wahyuni Ulfah ◽  
Siti Rahmah
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Teachers ◽  
School Principals ◽  
Teacher Selection ◽  
National Level ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Outstanding Teachers ◽  
And Training ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of this research is to describe the selection and process coaching that is given to outstanding national-level teachers at Al Irsyad Al Islamiyyah Bekasi West Java. Using approach qualitative with the case study method. Data collected through observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques data using reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The results of the study stated that the selection of outstanding teachers was carried out in stages starting from the level of the education unit, sub-district, levels district/municipality, provincial and national. Conclusion, outstanding teacher selection consists of academic, administrative and special requirements. Prospective teachers are given guidance and training by education stakeholders ranging from school principals in units education, KKG, education offices, local government, supervisors, LPMP, Higher Education, and P4TK. Keywords: Selection, Guidance, Outstanding Teachers

scholarly journals KESIAPAN IMPLEMENTASI STANDAR AKUNTANSI PEMERINTAHAN BERBASIS AKRUAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Lilik Suroya ◽  
Heru Tjaraka
Keyword(s):  
Government Regulation ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Government Accounting ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Finance Department ◽  
And Training

Introduction: This study will identify the readiness to implement the Accrual-Based Government Accounting Standards in the regional public hospital dr. Soedono Madiun.Methods: This research uses a qualitative approach with an explanatory case study method. Implementation of accrual-based Government Accounting Standards must be implemented in 2015 in accordance with the Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 17 of 2003 concerning State Finance.Results: Human resources in the Finance Department in implementing accrual-based government accounting standards are considered inadequate or inadequate, but the management of RSUD dr. Soedono Madiun strives by disseminating the understanding of accrual accounting, improving formal education, and training so that it has benefits to improve accounting understanding and improve the quality of human resources.Conclusion and suggestion: The main obstacle in the readiness to implement accrual-based Government Accounting Standards is the provincial level legal basis in the form of a Governor Regulation concerning Accrual-based Accounting Policies which underlie Government Regulation No. 71/2010 does not yet exist.

scholarly journals A Case Study on Reducing Children’s Screen Time: The Project of Screen Free Week

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatice Gözde Ertürk Kara
Keyword(s):  
Screen Time ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Child Interaction ◽  
The Family ◽  
Quality Programs ◽  
Alternative Activities

The current study aims to direct children to alternative activities within a week period by applying the project ofscreen free week to voluntary families. The ultimate aim of the study is to reduce children’s screen time. Theinstrumental case study method; one of the qualitative research methods, was employed. Five children attending thepreschool class of an elementary school in the Kartal district of İstanbul and their families voluntarily participating inthe project of screen free week constituted the study group in the current research. Documents and structuredinterview form were used to collect data. The document used to collect data is the weekly chart in which the familiesnoted the activities they performed during the week spent without screen. The structured interview form wasdeveloped by the researcher by reviewing the related literature. Content analysis was conducted on the data collectedin the current research. As a result of the families’ participation in the project of screen free week, they recognizedthe importance of family-child interaction, that their children are happier when they spend time with them, that theycan decide on programs to be watched and games to be played together with their children and that this decisionshould not be taken as a rule rather as a routine of the family. At the end of the project of screen free week, it wasseen that a great majority of the families set a limit to the time spent in front of the screen suitable for the age anddevelopmental level of their children. In light of the findings of the current study, it can be suggested that the projectof screen free week should be made more widespread and more families and children should be reached. In additionto this, training programs can be organized for families to learn how to select quality programs/applications.

scholarly journals The Case Study Method in Philosophy of Science: An Empirical Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moti Mizrahi
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
General Philosophy ◽  
Science Association ◽  
General Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Methodological Debate ◽  
Leading Journals

There is an ongoing methodological debate in philosophy of science concerning the use of case studies as evidence for and/or against theories about science. In this paper, I aim to make a contribution to this debate by taking an empirical approach. I present the results of a systematic survey of the PhilSci-Archive, which suggest that a sizeable proportion of papers in philosophy of science contain appeals to case studies, as indicated by the occurrence of the indicator words “case study” and/or “case studies.” These results are confirmed by data mined from the JSTOR database on research articles published in leading journals in the field: Philosophy of Science, the British Journal for the Philosophy of Science ( BJPS), and the Journal for General Philosophy of Science ( JGPS), as well as the Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association ( PSA). The data also show upward trends in appeals to case studies in articles published in Philosophy of Science, the BJPS, and the JGPS. The empirical work I have done for this paper provides philosophers of science who are wary of the use of case studies as evidence for and/or against theories about science with a way to do philosophy of science that is informed by data rather than case studies.

Strategic management of horse-related events: the case of the National Championships of the Icelandic horse (Landsmót) 1998-2008.

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-66
Author(s):  
Runólfur Smári Steinþórsson ◽  
Hjörný Snorradóttir
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Management ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Development Work ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Icelandic Horse ◽  
Family Activity ◽  
To Come ◽  
And Training

Abstract Horse-related events have been popular in Iceland for many decades, as well as in other countries. Such events attract many people that are both enthusiastic about and involved in horse-related activities. The biggest horse event in Iceland since 1950 has been the National Championships of the Icelandic Horse - Landsmót - which enables the owners of the best horses in Iceland to come together and compete in various categories. Landsmót is organized by the Icelandic Equestrian Association (Landssamband hestamannafélaga [National Association of Equestrian Associations], referred to as LH) and the Farmers Association of Iceland in cooperation with local horse clubs that act as hosts for Landsmót. In this chapter, the Landsmót events held in the years 1998-2008 are studied from a strategic management point of view. The chapter looks into the lessons learnt from the events, based on a four-dimensional approach to strategic management. The main goal of the research, which was completed in 2010, was to bring forward important knowledge and information on the Landsmót events that could be used in the strategy and the development work for upcoming events over the following years. The study of Landsmót 1998-2008 was based on a case study method. Six cases were studied from an illustrative and explorative point of view. The study also made use of focus groups, interviews, questionnaires and document analysis. The study concluded that Landsmót as a biennial event is a celebration of success in breeding and training of the Icelandic horse. Landsmót is also a social gathering, uniting people who are dedicated to the Icelandic horse, both within Iceland and from abroad. The study also concluded that Landsmót is about competition and ranking of the best horses, while at the same time it is an event true to tradition and family activity. Finally, the main conclusions reveal that Landsmót is very important for marketing and communication of the qualities of the Icelandic horse.

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