Attitudes towards and Observations of Nonverbal Communication in a Psychotherapeutic Greeting Situation: III. An Interview Study of Outpatients

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Åström ◽  
Lars-Håkan Thorell ◽  
Giacomo D'Elia

An interview study of 50 Swedish nonpsychotic outpatients treated by some kind of psychotherapy was performed to investigate their attitudes towards and observations of nonverbal communication in a greeting situation according to the Questionnaire on Nonverbal Communication (psychotherapy patients' version) in relation to background factors such as gender, age, education, and profession, interest in psychological matters, “reading articles and books in psychology,” duration of professional help for psychological troubles, number of occasions waiting for a new therapist, and number of therapeutic sessions before the interview. The greeting situation was the first time a patient and a therapist met in a waiting room. Test-retest reliability of the questionnaire was larger for items about observation of nonverbal communication than for those about attitudes. Face communication (eye contact and smile) was considered by the subjects to constitute the most important nonverbal communication in the greeting process. The importance of the face in communication was stressed when the patient believed that such communication corresponded to more than 50% of the total communication in general, was female, was elderly, or reported special interest in nonverbal communication in the greeting situation. Some effects of bias were discussed. The analyses also showed a considerable consciousness and observation in the greeting situation by many psychotherapeutic outpatients.

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 963-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Åström ◽  
Lars-Håkan Thorell ◽  
Giacomo D'Elia

A questionnaire was designed for the assessment of psychotherapists' attitudes toward nonverbal communication and their observation of it in a reference situation, i.e., the first time the therapist and the patient meet in a waiting room. The interrater reliability of the questionnaire was measured. Upon minor modifications, a final version of the questionnaire was completed, and the intrarater (test-retest) reliability, the discriminating capacity, and the homogeneity of the questionnaire were studied. The questionnaire has satisfactory psychometric qualities for use in research on nonverbal communication in psychotherapeutic greeting.


1996 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-418
Author(s):  
D. D. Flemmer ◽  
Steven Sobelman ◽  
Michele L. Flemmer ◽  
Jan Åström

A survey of 209 licensed psychotherapists was conducted to investigate attitudes towards and observations of nonverbal communication in a reference situation. Background factors such as gender, years of psychotherapeutic experience, hours of therapy practiced each month, and theoretical approach were used to examine relationships. The psychotherapeutic greeting situation, i.e., the first time a therapist and patient meet in a waiting room, was chosen as the reference situation. Female psychotherapists believed that nonverbal communication was more important than male psychotherapists. Psychotherapists with 16 years or more experience supported items that constitute the greeting phase and items on active observation significantly more often than psychotherapists with less experience. Hours of psychotherapeutic practice and frames of reference were not significantly related to any item within the questionnaire. Belief in nonverbal communication was not significantly related to items that involve preparing to meet a patient for the first time.


1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Åström ◽  
Lars-Håkan Thorell ◽  
Giacomo D'Elia

An interview study of 79 Swedish psychotherapists was performed to investigate their attitudes towards and observation of nonverbal communication in a reference situation in relation to background factors such as gender, length of professional experience, and theoretical approach. The greeting situation, i.e., the first time a therapist and patient meet in a waiting-room, was chosen as the reference situation. Face communication in that greeting situation was significantly less achieved by male psychotherapists with relatively short experience than by female therapists. However, this sex difference was not significant among therapists whose psychotherapeutic experience was longer than 13 years. Attaching great importance to nonverbal communication in psychotherapy was related to an intention to be well-kept and to perform correctly in front of the patient, to establish direct communication in the greeting situation, and to background factors such as frequent work in psychotherapy and an eclectic psychotherapeutic approach.


Author(s):  
Nooreddine Iskandar ◽  
Tatiana Rahbany ◽  
Ali Shokor

Abstract Background: Due to the common instability caused by political and security issues, Lebanese hospitals have experienced acts of terrorism multiple times. The most recent Beirut Explosion even forced several hospitals to cease operations for the first time in decades—but studies show the preparedness levels for such attacks in similar countries are low. Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the experience of Lebanese hospitals with terrorist attacks. Methods: This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews with various stakeholders to assess their experience with terrorist bombings. Data was analyzed using the thematic analysis method. Results: The researchers found that Lebanese hospitals vary greatly in their structures and procedures. Those differences are a function of 3 contextual factors: location, culture, and accreditation status. Hospitals found near ‘dangerous zones’ were more likely to be aware and to have better response to such events. A severe lack of communication, unity of command, and collaboration between stakeholders has made the process fragmented. Conclusion: The researchers recommend a larger role for the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) in this process, and the creation of a platform where Lebanese organizations can share their experiences to improve preparedness and resilience of the Lebanese healthcare system in the face of terrorism.


Author(s):  
И.А. Куклин ◽  
Н.П. Малишевская ◽  
М.М. Кохан ◽  
Г.Д. Сафонова ◽  
О.Г. Римар ◽  
...  

В статье представлен краткий обзор литературы о клинических проявлениях, современных методах диагностики и лечения чрезвычайно редкого заболевания – множественной эруптивной кератоакантомы типа Гржебовски. Заболевание характеризуется возникновением сотен или тысяч генерализованных зудящих узелков на коже лица, туловища, конечностей, половых органов, слизистой полости рта и гортани в течение короткого времени. Заболевание развивается в возрасте старше 40 лет, имеет рецидивирующее течение, возможна спонтанная инволюция отдельных элементов с формированием участков депигментации или атрофических рубцов. Авторы приводят случай собственного клинического наблюдения множественной эруптивной кератоакантомы типа Гржебовски у пациента 50 лет, который обратился на консультацию к дерматовенерологу в клинику Уральского НИИ дерматовенерологии и иммунопатологии. Длительность болезни на момент обращения составляла 2,5 года, ее возникновению предшествовало неоднократное посещение больным стран с избыточной инсоляцией, что может рассматриваться в качестве этиологического фактора развития заболевания. Диагноз впервые был заподозрен на консилиуме дерматовенерологов на основании клинической картины заболевания и в дальнейшем верифицирован данными патоморфологического исследования биоптата пораженной кожи. Показана эффективность применения ароматических ретиноидов в лечении множественной эруптивной кератоакантомы типа Гржебовски и приведены побочные эффекты, которые развились у больного при самостоятельном увеличении дозы ацитретина до 70 мг/сутки. В статье констатируется чрезвычайно редкая встречаемость данного заболевания, о чем свидетельствует приведенный клинический случай, диагностируемый впервые более чем за 90-летнюю историю существования института. Подчеркивается важность консолидации клинического опыта нескольких ведущих дерматовенерологов для диагностики множественной эруптивной кератоакантомы типа Гржебовски. The article presents a brief review of the literature about clinical manifestations, modern methods of diagnosticsand treatment of an extremely rare disease – generalized eruptive keratoacanthomas of Grzybowski. The disease is characterized by the appearance of hundreds or thousands of generalized itchy nodules on the skin of the face, trunk, limbs, genitals, oral mucosa and larynx within a short time. The disease develops at the age of over 40, has a recurrent course, spontaneous involution of individual elements with the formation of areas of depigmentation or atrophic scars is possible. The authors describe a case of their own clinical care of generalized eruptive keratoacanthomas of Grzybowski in a 50-year-old patient who consulted a dermatovenerologist at the clinic of the Ural Research Institute of Dermatovenerology and Immunopathology.The duration of the disease at the time of visit to a doctor was 2,5 years, its occurrence was preceded by repeated visits to countries with excessive insolation, which can be considered as an etiological factor in the development of the disease. The diagnosis was first suspected at a boarddermatovenerologists based on the clinical picture of the disease and subsequently verified by the data of a pathomorphological examination of the biopsy of the affected skin.The effectiveness of the use of aromatic retinoids in the treatment of generalized eruptive keratoacanthomas of Grzybowski is shown and the side effects that developed in the patient with an independent increase in the dose of acitretin to 70 mg/day are given. The article states the extremely rare occurrence of this disease, as evidenced by the above clinical case, diagnosed for the first time in more than 90 years of the institute's existence. The importance of consolidating the clinical experience of several leading dermatovenerologists for the diagnostics of generalized eruptive keratoacanthomas of Grzybowski is emphasized.


2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 663-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip Lord ◽  
Robert Stevens

The Annual Bio-Ontologies meeting (http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/˜stevens/meeting03/) has now been running for 6 consecutive years, as a special interest group (SIG) of the much larger ISMB conference. It met in Brisbane, Australia, this summer, the first time it was held outside North America or Europe. The bio-ontologies meeting is 1 day long and normally has around 100 attendees. This year there were many fewer, no doubt a result of the distance, global politics and SARS. The meeting consisted of a series of 30 min talks with no formal peer review or publication. Talks ranged in style from fairly formal and complete pieces of work, through works in progress, to the very informal and discursive. Each year's meeting has a theme and this year it was ‘ontologies, and text processing’. There is a tendency for those submitting talks to ignore the theme completely, but this year's theme obviously struck a chord, as half the programme was about ontologies and text analysis (http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/˜stevensr/meeting03/programme.html). Despite the smaller size of the meeting, the programme was particularly strong this year, meaning that the tension between allowing time for the many excellent talks, discussion and questions from the floor was particular keenly felt. A happy problem to have!


2016 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Dmitry E. Himelbrant

The revision of specimens in the lichen herbarium of the University of Tartu revealed 127 specimens representing 86 species from the Leningrad Region and Saint Petersburg; these include Calicium adspersum published as a new species for the Leningrad Region and Carbonicola anthracophila reported for the first time for the Eastern Leningrad Region. A curious finding is Umbilicaria muehlenbergii, collected in 1954 in the northern part of Karelian Isthmus. Forgotten collections by Anne-Liis Sõmermaa (1972) from the territory of the modern Vepssky Forest Nature Park, by Haide-Ene Rebassoo (1988) from Maly Tuters Island (Vähä-Tytärsaari, Säyvö) and by Paul von Kühlewein (“regio Petropolitano”, 19th century) are of special interest. 


Author(s):  
Marishetti Niharika

Eye gazing is the fundamental nonverbal interaction that is presently strengthening in emerging technology. This eye blink device facilitates communication among people with disabilities. The process is so simple that it can be done with the eyes blinking on the specific keys built into the virtual keyboard. This type of system may synthesize speech, regulate his environment, and provide a significant boost in self-belief in the individual. Our study emphasises the virtual keyboard, which not only includes integrated alphabetic keys but also contains emergency phrases that may seek help in a variety of scenarios. It can, however, provide voice notification and speech assistance to those who are speech-impaired. To get this, we employed our PC/computer digital Digi-Cam, which is integrated and recognises the face and its elements. As a result, the technique for detecting the face is far less complicated than everything else. The blink of an eye provides an opportunity for a mouse to click on the digital interface. Our goal is to provide nonverbal communication, and as a result, physically impaired people should be able to communicate with the use of a voice assistant. This type of innovation is a blessing for those who have lost their voice or are suffering from paralytic ailments.


Utopophobia ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 304-315
Author(s):  
David Estlund

This chapter argues against “practicalism.” It shows that it is very plausible that some things must be of intrinsic value, that is, apart from what they can be used to produce. A narrower practicalism might hold that intellectual work in particular is never of intrinsic value, and so is worthless unless it is of practical value. The chapter contends that this flies in the face of some robust views about the value of some intellectual work in science and mathematics. This leaves two problems of special interest here: first, so far, even if that point makes general intellectual practicalism appear implausible, it has no tendency to show that nonpractical philosophy, or in particular political philosophy, might be of intrinsic value. They might lack whatever it is about nonpractical yet important math and science that makes them important. This leads to the second problem, which is that even if those examples tend to refute practicalism, they do not yet provide any account of what is valuable about them.


RAINBOW ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Amy E. West ◽  
Sally M. Weinstein ◽  
Mani N. Pavuluri

Session 7 of the RAINBOW treatment protocol focuses on helping the child develop communication skills to improve peer and family relationships (ingredient B: Be a good friend of RAINBOW), and the session is conducted primarily with the child. For various reasons, children with bipolar disorder often have poor communication skills. Like most other skills, however, social skills can be taught and learned. The therapist and the child practice ways of expressing feelings nonverbally (“Feelings Charades”) and other nonverbal communication skills (such as making eye contact, listening). In addition, respectful communication skills are developed and practiced, including instruction in “I Messages” for emotional expression.


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