Relation of Depression and Anxiety to Personal and Academic Problems among Iranian College Students

2000 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 693-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azar Makaremi
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Campus Life ◽  
Academic Problems

This study investigated the role of anxiety and depression in students' adjustment to family and campus life. The Cognition Checklist and a problem questionnaire were given to 1,452 college students (998 men, 454 women). Analysis showed that off-campus students were significantly less depressed and anxious. These college students were worried about jobs and marriage. Feelings of anxiousness and worry were reported; sex differences on depression scores were not significant.

scholarly journals Examining the Role of Anxiety and Depression in Dietary Choices among College Students

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2061
Author(s):  
Michelle M. Keck ◽  
Helize Vivier ◽  
Jeffrey E. Cassisi ◽  
Robert D. Dvorak ◽  
Michael E. Dunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Dietary Choices

This study examines the role of anxiety and depression symptoms in predicting dietary choices in emerging adults while accounting for sex differences in these relationships. Participants were 225 English speaking undergraduates enrolled in a university in southeastern United States. Participants were recruited through an online research recruitment application utilized by the university. Participants volunteered for a two-phased anonymous survey monitoring the effects of eating habits and gastrointestinal health in young adults. As part of this effort, participants completed self-reporting measures related to anxiety and depression, as well as an automated, self-administered 24-h diet recall. Multigroup path analysis was used to test primary hypotheses. Overall, a decrease in total caloric intake and an increase in sugar consumption were found as self-reported symptoms of anxiety and depression increased. In addition, there were sex differences in the relationship between depression and food choices. Men consumed more saturated fat as well as less fruits and vegetables as self-reported symptoms of depression increased. Results suggest symptoms of depression are a greater risk factor for poor nutrition in male college students than females. The findings provide another justification to screen for psychological distress in student health services given the implications on behavioral lifestyle and health.

Investigation of the role of anxiety and depression on the formation of phantom vibration and ringing syndrome induced by working stress during medical internship (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hsuan Lin ◽  
Kuan-I Lin ◽  
Yuan-Chien Pan ◽  
Sheng-Hsuan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Working Stress ◽  
Causal Mediation Analysis ◽  
Accompanying Symptoms ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND Phantom vibrations syndrome (PVS) and phantom ringing syndrome (PRS) are prevalent hallucinations during medical internship. Depression and anxiety are probably understudied risk factors of PVS and PRS. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the role of anxiety and depression on the relationship between working stress during medical internship and PVS and PRS. METHODS A prospective longitudinal study of 74 medical interns was carried out using repeated investigations of the severity of phantom vibrations and ringing, as well as accompanying symptoms of anxiety and depression as measured by Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory before, at the 3rd, 6th, and 12th month during internship, and 2 weeks after internship. We conducted a causal mediation analysis to investigate the role of depression and anxiety in the mechanism of working stress during medical internship inducing PVS and PRS. RESULTS The results showed that depression explained 21.9% and 8.4% for stress-induced PRS and PVS, respectively. In addition, anxiety explained 15.0% and 7.8% for stress-induced PRS and PVS, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed both depression and anxiety can explain a portion of stress-induced PVS and PRS during medical internship and might be more important in clinical practice and benefit to prevention of work-related burnout.

Screening Depression and Anxiety via Brief Measures of Psychological Inflexibility

2021 ◽  
pp. 073428292110507
Author(s):  
Sean N. Weeks ◽  
Tyler L. Renshaw ◽  
Anthony J. Roberson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cut Scores ◽  
Psychological Inflexibility ◽  
Public Health Screening ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Screening Accuracy

We evaluated the usefulness of scores from two transdiagnostic scales—the 8-item version of the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth and the second edition of the Avoidance and Action Questionnaire—for estimating symptom severity on two measures of depression and anxiety. Responses from 797 college students, who mostly identified as White and female, to both measures of psychological inflexibility were analyzed to determine how well scores estimated anxiety and depression above or below a given severity level and at specific categories of symptom severity. Findings indicated that scores from both measures were acceptable to excellent screeners of concurrent ratings of anxiety and depression. Results varied somewhat depending on the measure used, level of severity targeted, and scope of screening. By investigating the screening accuracy of these transdiagnostic measures and potential cut scores to ease in interpreting results, we hope these measures might prove useful for addressing barriers in public health screening endeavors.

scholarly journals Investigation of the role of anxiety and depression on the formation of phantom vibration and ringing syndrome caused by working stress during medical internship (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hsuan Lin ◽  
Kuan-I Lin ◽  
Yuan-Chien Pan ◽  
Sheng-Hsuan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Working Stress ◽  
Causal Mediation Analysis ◽  
Accompanying Symptoms ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND Phantom vibrations syndrome (PVS) and phantom ringing syndrome (PRS) are prevalent hallucinations during medical internship. Depression and anxiety are probably understudied risk factors of PVS and PRS. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the role of anxiety and depression on the relationship between working stress during medical internship and PVS and PRS. METHODS A prospective longitudinal study of 74 medical interns was carried out using repeated investigations of the severity of phantom vibrations and ringing, as well as accompanying symptoms of anxiety and depression as measured by Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory before, at the 3rd, 6th, and 12th month during internship, and 2 weeks after internship. We conducted a causal mediation analysis to investigate the role of depression and anxiety in the mechanism of working stress during medical internship inducing PVS and PRS. RESULTS The results showed that depression explained 21.9% and 8.4% for stress-induced PRS and PVS, respectively. In addition, anxiety explained 15.0% and 7.8% for stress-induced PRS and PVS, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed both depression and anxiety can explain a portion of stress-induced PVS and PRS during medical internship and might be more important in clinical practice and benefit to prevention of work-related burnout.

scholarly journals The Developmental Role of Serotonin: A Comparison of Short- and Long-term Blockade of the Serotonin Transporter on Behavioural Outcomes in Adulthood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Amy O'Connell
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Fluoxetine Treatment ◽  
Short And Long Term

<p>Serotonin is an important neurotransmitter that regulates a range of processes within the brain and is implicated in several psychiatric disorders. In addition, serotonin acts as a developmental signal during critical periods of prenatal development, influencing processes such as neuronal proliferation, migration, and synaptogenesis (Gaspar et al., 2003). The serotonin transporter (5- HTT) plays a key role in regulating extracellular serotonin levels and is the main target of selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), a class of drugs that have anti-anxiety and anti- depressive activity. SSRIs cause an acute increase in extracellular serotonin and are commonly prescribed as a treatment for depression and anxiety during pregnancy (Tran & Robb, 2015). Given that these drugs alter serotonin transmission and can pass to the developing fetus via the placenta, it is vital that the outcomes of prenatal SSRI exposure are investigated. In humans, a genetic variant of the gene that codes for the 5-HTT (SLC6A4) has been linked to increased risk for developing depression and anxiety (Caspi et al., 2003). The functional consequences of this genetic polymorphism are life-long alterations in 5-HTT activity, resulting in increased extracellular levels of serotonin (Nakamura et al., 2000). Given prenatal SSRI exposure results in a time-locked blockade of 5-HTT during critical periods of development, it follows that alterations in serotonin during development might similarly result in enhanced risk for depression and anxiety later in life. Outcomes in children prenatally exposed to SSRIs are difficult to study due to confounds of pre- existing maternal depression. Therefore, the current thesis presents two experiments that aimed to further investigate the role of altered extracellular serotonin levels during development in an animal model. Experiment one aimed to develop a method of voluntary oral administration of the SSRI fluoxetine to pregnant rat dams. This method was then applied in experiment two to create a time-locked blockade of 5-HTT during critical periods of development in an animal model of life-long 5-HTT blockade. The aim of experiment two was to directly assess the contribution of short- and long-term 5-HTT blockade on anxiety and depression phenotypes in adult male offspring. In addition, maternal behaviour was assessed to determine whether fluoxetine treatment had an influence on mother-pup interactions that could confound results. To test for anxiety and depression phenotypes, the novel affective disorder test (ADT) was used to assess anxiety behaviour and the deficits in anticipatory pleasure indicative of anhedonia. In the current study, fluoxetine treatment did not have an effect on litter outcomes or mother-pup interactions. Crucially, no significant group differences were found indicating that neither short- nor long- term blockade of 5-HTT resulted in increased anxiety- or depressive-like behaviours in the current experiment. However, limitations with methodological design limit the translatability of these results to the broader literature, and validation of the ADT is required before these results can be generalised beyond this thesis.</p>

A-121 Functional Outcomes in Bilingual Persons with Traumatic Brain: The Role of Mood

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1171-1171
Author(s):  
Winter Olmos ◽  
Daniel W Lopez-Hernandez ◽  
Isabel Munoz ◽  
Laura Schierholz ◽  
Rachel A Rugh-Fraser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pearson Correlations

Abstract Introduction We examined the relationship between depression and anxiety, language, and functional outcomes in persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods The sample consisted of 48 acute TBI (ATBI: 23 Spanish-English Bilinguals; 25 English monolinguals), 30 chronic TBI (CTBI: 17 Spanish English Bilinguals; 12 English monolinguals), and 47 healthy comparison (HC: 29 Spanish-English Bilinguals; 18 English monolinguals) participants. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to measure depression (HADS-D) and anxiety (HADS-A). The Mayo Portland Adaptability Inventory-4 (MPAI-4) was used to measure functional outcomes (ability, adjustment, participation). Results An ANCOVA, controlling for age, revealed the ATBI group reported lower anxiety levels compared to the CTBI group, p = 0.034 np2 = 0.06. HC participants demonstrated significantly higher functional ability compared to both TBI groups, p &lt; 0.05, np2 = 0.08–0.19. The ATBI group demonstrated worse participation scores compared to the CTBI and HC groups, p = 0.001, np2 = 0.11. Pearson correlations revealed mood was related to functional status in ATBI monolinguals (HADS-A: r = 0.29–0.64; HADS-D, r = 0.49–0.62). Monolingual participants with ATBI demonstrated correlations between depressive symptoms and functional adjustment (r = 0.57, p = 0.005) and ability (r = 0.44, p = 0.034). For monolinguals with CTBI, HADS-A correlated with functional outcomes, r = 0.60–0.66, p &lt; 0.05. For bilinguals with CTBI, functional outcomes correlated with HADS-A, r = 0.53–0.66, p &lt; 0.05, and HADS-D, r = 0.54–0.66, p &lt; 0.05. For HC monolinguals, functional outcomes correlated with HADS-A, r = 0.53–0.70, p &lt; 0.05, and HADS-D, r = 0.50–0.72, p &lt; 0.05. Finally, for HC bilinguals, functional outcomes correlated with HADS-A, r = 0.59–0.68, p &lt; 0.05. Conclusion Our results suggest that a relationship between anxiety and depressive symptoms is related more to functional outcomes in monolingual TBI survivors compared to bilingual TBI survivors.

scholarly journals Assessment and Management of Depression and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents with Epilepsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Plevin ◽  
Nicholas Smith
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Antiepileptic Medication ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
Paediatric Epilepsy

Anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with epilepsy are common comorbidities which place a significant burden on patients and families and complicate the clinical management of epilepsy. This paper presents a narrative review on the aetiology, phenomenology, assessment, and management of depression and anxiety among paediatric patients with epilepsy. The recognition of affective comorbidity in paediatric epilepsy is limited at present, and the contributory role of antiepileptic medication towards such comorbidity must be considered by clinicians.

Sibling Violence and Psychological Adjustment: The Role of Maladaptive Coping and Maternal Authoritativeness

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052091751
Author(s):  
Kai Qi Gan ◽  
Catherine So-kum Tang
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Maladaptive Coping ◽  
Sibling Violence ◽  
The Public ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

This study examined the phenomenon of sibling violence in Singapore. The underlying mechanisms through which maternal authoritativeness and maladaptive coping influenced psychological adjustment following sibling violence were also investigated. Questionnaires were administered to 287 female and 128 male Singaporean college students between the ages of 18 to 27. Results showed that lifetime and past-year prevalence estimates of sibling violence in college students in Singapore were 89.9% and 62.0%, respectively. Lifetime psychological sibling violence involvement and past-year sibling violence involvement (both physical and psychological) were significantly related to maladaptive coping and overall psychological adjustment; lifetime sibling violence involvement was significantly related to maternal authoritativeness, anxiety, and depression only. Maladaptive coping was found to be a significant mediator between past-year physical and psychological sibling violence involvement and two measures of psychological adjustment, anxiety and depression. Maternal authoritativeness functioned as a moderator only for the relationship between past-year psychological sibling violence exposure and psychological adjustment. At low but not high levels of maternal authoritativeness, past-year psychological violence involvement was significantly related to higher levels of anxiety and depression, and lower levels of self-esteem. These findings show that sibling violence is a pervasive problem in Asian countries as well, such as in Singapore. There is a need to educate both the public and the relevant authorities so that steps can be taken to protect those who have experienced or are at risk of experiencing such violence. Through elucidating the role of maternal authoritativeness and maladaptive coping, the present study also suggests new avenues for interventions to reduce the adverse effects of sibling violence. Limitations and future directions are also discussed.

scholarly journals Role of Alexithymia, Anxiety, and Depression in Predicting Self-Efficacy in Academic Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahbobeh Faramarzi ◽  
Soraya Khafri
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective. Little research is available on the predictive factors of self-efficacy in college students. The aim of the present study is to examine the role of alexithymia, anxiety, and depression in predicting self-efficacy in academic students. Design. In a cross-sectional study, a total of 133 students at Babol University of Medical Sciences (Medicine, Dentistry, and Paramedicine) participated in the study between 2014 and 2015. All participants completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), College Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (CASES), and 14 items on anxiety and depression derived from the 28 items of the General Health Questionnaire (28-GHQ). Results. Pearson correlation coefficients revealed negative significant relationships between alexithymia and the three subscales with student self-efficacy. There was no significant correlation between anxiety/depression symptoms and student self-efficacy. A backward multiple regression analysis revealed that alexithymia was a negative significant predictor of self-efficacy in academic students (B=-0.512, P<0.001). The prevalence of alexithymia was 21.8% in students. Multiple backward logistic analysis regression revealed that number of passed semesters, gender, mother’s education, father’s education, and doctoral level did not accurately predict alexithymia in college students. Conclusion. As alexithymia is prevalent in college students and affects self-efficacy and academic functioning, we suggest it should be routinely evaluated by mental physicians at universities.

scholarly journals Comparative study on the benefits of integrative psychotherapy sessions on coronary patients with anxiety and depression

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
Rodica Mitrea ◽  
◽  
Ioan Bradu Iamandescu ◽  
Luana Cezara Tudor ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Cardiovascular Patients ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Coronary Patients

Today, cardiovascular diseases represent a very important issue in the study of human health around the world. We conducted the present taking into account the negative impact that these diseases have on our lives. Our study aims to engage in a psychomedical sense in the behavior of patients with heart problems, negatively influenced on one hand by the alert lifestyle of the contemporary society, and on the other hand of anxiety and depression, most often found in the clinical picture of cardiovascular patients. Objectives. The introduction of psychotherapy treatment sessions for coronary patients with anxiety and depression, observing the interrelations that arise after these sessions. Methods and materials. The study was conducted on a sample consisting of 62 people, men and women with cardiovascular diseases and anxiety and depression. The following questionnaires were used: Hamilton for anxiety and Beck for depression. Patients went through a total of 20 sessions of psychotherapy, custom made for each one, because the same disease can be experienced differently, depending on the patient's psychological reactivity. Results. Following the proposed program of therapy, the results were represented in graphs and statistically analyzed. Debate. A positive role of the psychotherapy sessions is noted, especially in the light and medium phase of depression and anxiety.

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