A Comparison of Coping Factors in Western and Non-Western Cultures

2002 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 466-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-En Hwang ◽  
Robert F. Scherer ◽  
Yan Wu ◽  
Chien-Hou Hwang ◽  
James Li
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Common Factors ◽  
Positive Reappraisal ◽  
Chinese Teachers ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Ways Of Coping ◽  
Cultural Setting ◽  
Ways Of Coping Questionnaire ◽  
Specific Factors

This study presents convergent support for the use of three empirically constructed factors, across four samples, from the Ways of Coping Questionnaire. Planning, Positive Reappraisal, and Distancing factors were congruent for comparisons made between U.S. healthcare workers, Chinese healthcare workers, Chinese teachers, and Taiwanese teachers. Additional evidence of congruency was provided on specific factors between specific pairs of groups. The results support the usage of common factors across languages, cultures, and occupational groups but also highlight the importance of not administering a test in a different cultural setting without assessing its dimensionality.

scholarly journals A Study of Relationship between Hopelessness and Coping Strategies in Cancer Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Touseef Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Coping Strategy ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
T Test ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Positive Reappraisal ◽  
Ways Of Coping ◽  
Ways Of Coping Questionnaire ◽  
And Coping

Although cancer patients often experience hopelessness and other psychological problems, research on hopelessness and coping strategies is rare. The objectives of this study were to identify the levels of hopelessness experienced and the coping strategies used by breast, colorectal and stomach cancer patients.200 cancer patients (92 disfigured and 108 non-disfigured were included in the sample. Patients completed the sample survey packets comprising of Beck’s Hopelessness Scale (Beck, 1974) and Ways of Coping Questionnaire (Lazarus & Folkman, 1988). Majority of the cancer patients were in moderate level of hopelessness. Seeking social support coping strategy was used most often by the cancer patients and Confrontive coping strategy was used the least. Significant negative correlation existed between hopelessness and use of coping strategies viz. distancing, self-controlling, accepting responsibility, Planful problem solving and positive reappraisal. t-test revealed more hopelessness in disfigured group of cancer patients. t-test also revealed that self-controlling and positive reappraisal coping strategies were used less by disfigured group of cancer patients.

Oocyte-specific factors bind a conserved upstream sequence required for mouse zona pellucida promoter activity

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 6197-6204
Author(s):  
S E Millar ◽  
E Lader ◽  
L F Liang ◽  
J Dean
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Zona Pellucida ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Common Factors ◽  
Upstream Sequence ◽  
High Level Expression ◽  
Five Elements ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
High Level ◽  
Flanking Regions

The zona pellucida of mouse oocytes, composed of three major glycoproteins (ZP1, ZP2, and ZP3), performs crucial functions at fertilization and in early development. The transcripts encoding mouse ZP2 and ZP3 are coordinately expressed and accumulate in oocytes during a 2-week growth phase prior to ovulation. The 5'-flanking regions of mouse Zp-2 and Zp-3 genes and their human homologs contain five short DNA sequences (4 to 12 bp) that are 60 to 100% identical and are approximately equidistant upstream of the TATAA box in the four genes. Mutation of these five elements (I, IIA, IIB, III, and IV) in Zp-luciferase constructs demonstrates that the 12-bp element IV, positioned approximately 200 bp upstream from the TATAA box, is necessary for high-level expression from the mouse Zp-2 and Zp-3 promoters after microinjection into the nuclei of 50-microns-diameter oocytes. Injection of minimal Zp-3 promoter constructs containing element IV in either orientation also resulted in high levels of reporter gene activity, suggesting that the element is not only necessary but also sufficient for expression from zona pellucida promoters. Oligonucleotides containing the conserved element from either Zp-2 or Zp-3 form DNA-protein complexes of identical mobility in gel retardation assays using extracts of oocytes but not other tissues. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that common factors binding to conserved element IV are involved in coordinate expression of the oocyte-specific Zp-2 and Zp-3 zona pellucida genes.

Demographic Factors as Predictors of Coping Strategies among Police Officers

2000 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
George T. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Ways Of Coping ◽  
Coping Responses ◽  
Ways Of Coping Questionnaire ◽  
And Coping

This study examined the effects of demographic factors on coping responses among police officers. A sample of 233 police officers completed the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (Folkman & Lazarus, 1988). The regression analysis showed that the higher the reported educational attainment, the more police officers reported coping which was emotion-focused and seeking social support. The rank of the officer was directly related to reported emotion-focused coping. These results are discussed relative to research on the relations of demographic factors and coping responses among police officers.

scholarly journals HOW IMPORTANT IS INNOVATION? A BAYESIAN FACTOR-AUGMENTED PRODUCTIVITY MODEL BASED ON PANEL DATA

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1987-2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges Bresson ◽  
Jean-Michel Etienne ◽  
Pierre Mohnen
Keyword(s):  
Common Factors ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Technology Infrastructure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Dimension ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Bayesian Factor ◽  
Time Specific

This paper proposes a Bayesian approach to estimating a factor-augmented GDP per capita equation. We exploit the panel dimension of our data and distinguish between individual-specific and time-specific factors. On the basis of 21 technology, infrastructure, and institutional indicators from 82 countries over a 19-year period (1990 to 2008), we construct summary indicators of each of these three components in the cross-sectional dimension and an overall indicator of all 21 indicators in the time-series dimension and estimate their effects on growth and international differences in GDP per capita. For most countries, more than 50% of GDP per capita is explained by the four common factors we have introduced. Infrastructure is the greatest contributor to total factor productivity, followed by technology and institutions.

Examination of the Factor Structure of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire With Clinical Populations

1994 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 268???273 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. MARGARET WINEMAN ◽  
ELLEN J. DURAND ◽  
B. JAIN McCULLOCH
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Ways Of Coping ◽  
Ways Of Coping Questionnaire ◽  
Clinical Populations

Patient Information on Evidence and Clinical Effectiveness of Psychotherapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Blease ◽  
John M. Kelley ◽  
Manuel Trachsel
Keyword(s):  
Research Evidence ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Common Factors ◽  
Psychotherapy Research ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Considerable Controversy ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
The Common

This chapter focuses on what information should be provided to patients about the evidence base supporting the clinical effectiveness of psychotherapy. In particular, the authors consider whether research on the relative efficacy of different forms of psychotherapy should be provided to patients, as well as whether patients should be provided with information on the relative importance of common factors versus specific factors as the causal agents of clinical improvement. After a critical review and discussion of the relatively few scholarly papers that have previously addressed this question, the authors conclude that patients should be provided with an honest, transparent, and impartial summary of the evidence related to their treatment options including information about the common factors. The authors offer this conclusion even while acknowledging that considerable controversy persists about how to interpret the psychotherapy research evidence base. Finally, the authors strongly support continued research into these questions, especially given the relatively limited scholarly attention they have received to date.

scholarly journals Assessing the Structure of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire in Fibromyalgia Patients Using Common Factor Analytic Approaches

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Van Liew ◽  
Maya S. Santoro ◽  
Larissa Edwards ◽  
Jeremy Kang ◽  
Terry A. Cronan
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Ways Of Coping ◽  
Ways Of Coping Questionnaire ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Oblimin Rotation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Variance Explained

The Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ) is a widely used measure of coping processes. Despite its use in a variety of populations, there has been concern about the stability and structure of the WCQ across different populations. This study examines the factor structure of the WCQ in a large sample of individuals diagnosed with fibromyalgia. The participants were 501 adults (478 women) who were part of a larger intervention study. Participants completed the WCQ at their 6-month assessment. Foundational factoring approaches were performed on the data (i.e., maximum likelihood factoring [MLF], iterative principal factoring [IPF], principal axis factoring (PAF), and principal components factoring [PCF]) with oblique oblimin rotation. Various criteria were evaluated to determine the number of factors to be extracted, including Kaiser’s rule, Scree plot visual analysis, 5 and 10% unique variance explained, 70 and 80% communal variance explained, and Horn’s parallel analysis (PA). It was concluded that the 4-factor PAF solution was the preferable solution, based on PA extraction and the fact that this solution minimizes nonvocality and multivocality. The present study highlights the need for more research focused on defining the limits of the WCQ and the degree to which population-specific and context-specific subscale adjustments are needed.

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