Relationships between Five Factor Personality Variables, Workplace Accidents, and Self-Efficacy

Past research has examined the relationships between personality variables and workplace accidents; however, few studies have examined these relationships using the Five Factor Model of personality and trait-state relationships have not been examined in this context. The present study was undertaken to examine the relationships between personality characteristics based on the Five Factor Model, workplace accidents, and self-efficacy. To examine these relationships, personality, workplace accident, and self-efficacy data were collected from 202 undergraduate volunteers (134 women and 68 men) at a large midwestern urban university. The mean age of participants was 20.9 yr. ( SD = 5.0). The results indicated that scores on Agreeableness and Conscientiousness were significantly correlated with workplace accidents as were the self-efficacy variables. Neuroticism and Agreeableness were significantly related to self-efficacy.

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Ethnicity and Impressions of Personality Using the Five-Factor Model: Stereotyping or Cultural Sensitivity?

Ethnic Studies Review ◽

10.1525/esr.2012.35.1.121 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 121-133

Author(s):

Andrea Kay Cooper ◽

David Chin Evans

Keyword(s):

Social Environment ◽

Cultural Sensitivity ◽

Factor Model ◽

Five Factor Model ◽

Past Research ◽

Specific Information ◽

Target Groups ◽

Facial Symmetry ◽

Interpersonal Perceptions ◽

Group Members

The current research investigates whether communities use ethnicity as a cue when forming personality impressions of others. Past research has shown that dress, smiling, hairstyle, and even facial symmetry of targets produce systematic differences in personality impressions across the domains of the Five Factor model of personality. We investigated whether the stated or apparent ethnicity of groups and individuals also produce stereotypic impressions of personality. This study compared impressions across members and non-members of the target groups and examined “cue utility” i.e. whether impressions of the groups agreed with aggregated self-impressions by group members. In all, the results clearly suggest that people utilize ethnicity as a cue when forming impressions of the personalities of groups and individuals, and although those impressions are exaggerated consistent with stereotype theory, they confer some utility in interpersonal perceptions across cultures. Stereotypes are a strategy used to interpret the complex social environment in the absence of more specific information. When that information is available, perceptions of others become more refined and accurate.

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The “Right Stuff”: Personality Tests and the Five-Factor Model in Landing Craft Air Cushion Crew Training

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193129303701303 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 37 (13) ◽

pp. 920-924 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

David R. Street ◽

Kathleen T. Helton

Keyword(s):

Factor Model ◽

Five Factor Model ◽

Personality Characteristics ◽

Personality Testing ◽

Personality Factor ◽

Selection System ◽

Factor Scores ◽

Air Cushion ◽

Training Success ◽

Selection Of

The purpose of our investigation was to determine if personality testing and a five-factor model could improve the selection of Landing Craft Air Cushion (LCAC) vehicle operators. Vehicle operators for the LCAC are currently selected on the basis of their performance on a computer-based psychomotor selection system. The various psychomotor tests in the selection system have demonstrated predictive validity in LCAC crew training. Certain personality characteristics may also be involved in the LCAC vehicle operator training success. In fact, various researchers have found that personality testing may improve the selection of Navy/Marine Corps aviators. There is increasing evidence that a five-factor model may be useful in describing the personality characteristics involved in training success. We believe that a five-factor model may improve the selection system used for LCAC vehicle operators. A principal component analysis with varimax rotation was conducted to determine the underlying structure of the Adult Personality Inventory (API) with 168 LCAC crew candidates. The resulting factor scores were then entered into a series of hierarchical multiple regression analyses to determine the relation of the personality factor scores and the performance-based test to an underway grade in training criterion. The results indicated that one personality factor, openness, significantly improved predictions of the criterion ( p < 0.05). Based on these results, we believe that personality testing may improve the selection of LCAC vehicle operators.

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Sexual offending hierarchies, personality attributions, and the clinical implications

Journal of Forensic Practice ◽

10.1108/jfp-07-2016-0031 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 190-197 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Laura Elizabeth Challinor ◽

Simon Duff

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Factor Model ◽

Sexual Offending ◽

Five Factor Model ◽

Personality Characteristics ◽

Individual Risk ◽

Sexual Offence ◽

Content Type ◽

Perceived Severity ◽

The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine sexual offending hierarchies constructed by the general public and forensic staff based on personal attitudes and perceived severity of offence. In addition, six sexual offence perpetrators are differentiated using the Five Factor Model of personality. Design/methodology/approach Vignettes represented six sexual offence perpetrators. Participants built a hierarchy based on perceived severity of offence, before attributing personality characteristics to each offender using a Likert-type scale. Findings Contact offenders were perceived as more dangerous than non-contact offenders. Rapists were perceived as the most dangerous, and voyeurs the least dangerous. Offenders were attributed significantly different personality traits. Generally, men who sexually offend are perceived to be low in agreeableness, openness and conscientiousness and high in impulsivity, manipulativeness and neuroticism. Practical implications The research highlights the importance of individual risk assessment in determining best practice treatment for men who have sexually offended (MSO). The Five Factor Model has been proven to be a useful tool to explore the impact staff attitudes have on risk assessment and treatment. Low-risk and high-risk MSO would benefit from divergent treatment. Consideration should be given to personality characteristics in addition to level of risk. Originality/value The research determines a hierarchy of men who sexually offend, and goes beyond the “label” of sexual offenders to explore how personality impacts on formation of attitudes.

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Personification of Death, as Seen in Adjective Check List Descriptions, among Funeral Service and University Students

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ◽

10.2190/wrx4-7kkb-kgua-hx6d ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 23-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jonathan F. Bassett ◽

John E. Williams

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Death Anxiety ◽

Factor Model ◽

Five Factor Model ◽

Emotional Stability ◽

Check List ◽

Adjective Check List ◽

European Americans ◽

Urban University ◽

Funeral Service

One hundred twenty-nine undergraduate psychology students at a large urban university and 55 students at a college of funeral service completed the Death Anxiety Questionnaire (Conte, Weiner,&Plutchik, 1982), the Revised Death Anxiety Scale (Thorson&Powell, 1994), a nine question measure of belief in an afterlife (Daws, 1980), and used the 300-item Adjective Check List (ACL; Gough&Heilbrun, 1980) to describe what death might be like if personified as a human character in a play. Three Affective Meaning scores, five Transactional Analysis ego state scores, five Five Factor Model scores, and a Sex-Stereotype Index score were calculated based on ACL descriptions of the character of death. Lower death anxiety was associated with more positive ACL descriptions of death in both samples; however, belief in an afterlife was associated with differences in death personification only among university students. Men described death as higher on the Adult ego state than did women. In addition African Americans described death as a more positive character than did European Americans. Similarly, funeral service students described death as feminine, favorable, strong, but not active, more like a Nurturing Parent, and high on Extroversion, Agreeableness, and Emotional Stability; whereas, university students described death as masculine, neutral on Favorability, more like a Critical Parent, and low on Agreeableness and Emotional Stability.

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Personality Correlates Related to Tobacco Abstinence following Treatment

The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine ◽

10.2190/n9f1-1r9g-6edw-9bfl ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 59-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

W. Michael Hooten ◽

Troy D. Wolter ◽

Steven C. Ames ◽

Richard D. Hurt ◽

Kristin S. Vickers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Nicotine Dependence ◽

Factor Model ◽

Five Factor Model ◽

Personality Characteristics ◽

Self Report ◽

Smoking Abstinence ◽

Treatment Matching ◽

Personality Correlates ◽

Clinical Trails

Objective: The five-factor model of personality was used to describe the correlates of smoking abstinence. Methods: Following treatment in the Mayo Clinic Nicotine Dependence Center, the six month abstinence status was determined by self-report. Sixteen months to 2.4 years following the initial treatment evaluation, and 10 months to 1.9 years after the abstinence status was determined, 475 patients were mailed a Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Five-Factor Inventory questionnaire. Ninety-nine abstinent and 151 smoking patients returned a completed questionnaire. Results: Multivariate analysis showed that low scores on neuroticism and openness were associated with tobacco abstinence. In addition, high scores on neuroticism and low scores on agreeableness and conscientiousness were associated with predictors of poor outcome including greater number of cigarettes smoked per day, initiation of smoking prior to age 18, and a Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence score of ≥ 6. Conclusions: Personality characteristics as predictors of smoking abstinence following treatment warrant further investigation in prospective clinical trails. Treatment matching using personality profiling as a guide may be a valuable tool for improving abstinence rates following treatment for nicotine dependence.

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Age Differences in the Variance of Personality Characteristics

European Journal of Personality ◽

10.1002/per.2036 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 4-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

René Mõttus ◽

Jüri Allik ◽

Martina Hřebíčková ◽

Liisi Kööts–Ausmees ◽

Anu Realo

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Age Differences ◽

Factor Model ◽

Five Factor Model ◽

Personality Development ◽

Personality Characteristics ◽

Group Differences ◽

Age Group ◽

Personality Psychology ◽

Model Domain

In contrast to mean–level comparisons, age group differences in personality trait variance have received only passing research interest. This may seem surprising because individual differences in personality characteristics are exactly what most of personality psychology is about. Because different proposed mechanisms of personality development may entail either increases or decreases in variance over time, the current study is exploratory in nature. Age differences in variance were tested by comparing the standard deviations of the five–factor model domain and facet scales across two age groups (20 to 30 years old versus 50 to 60 years old). Samples from three cultures (Estonia, the Czech Republic and Russia) were employed, and two methods (self–reports and informant–reports) were used. The results showed modest convergence across samples and methods. Age group differences were significant for 11 of 150 facet–level comparisons but never consistently for the same facets. No significant age group differences were observed for the five–factor model domain variance. Therefore, there is little evidence for individual differences in personality characteristics being systematically smaller or larger in older as opposed to younger people. We discuss the implications of these findings for understanding personality development. Copyright © 2015 European Association of Personality Psychology

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Predicting Aggressive Driving Using the Five-Factor Model Personality Variables

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e518572013-072 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

Travis Tubre ◽

Bryan D. Edwards ◽

Mike Zyphur ◽

Chris R. Warren

Keyword(s):

Factor Model ◽

Five Factor Model ◽

Aggressive Driving ◽

Personality Variables

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The Self, Identity, and Personality

Cultural Psychology ◽

10.1093/oso/9780199343805.003.0007 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 244-287

Author(s):

Robyn M. Holmes

Keyword(s):

Cultural Studies ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Factor Model ◽

Five Factor Model ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

The Self ◽

Self Identity ◽

Construction Of Identity ◽

Key Terms ◽

Cross Cultural Studies

Chapter 7 explores the ways culture shapes our conceptions of self, identity, and personality. It discusses self-definitions, culture and self-definitions, cross-cultural comparisons of self-definitions, types of self-concepts, cultural contexts and the self, and culture-specific and cross-cultural studies of the self. It explores self-efficacy, culture-specific and cross-cultural studies on self-efficacy, face, face and self-concepts, and face and dignity cultural communities. It also discusses definitions and the construction of identity, whether identity is fluid and whether it is possible to have more than one identity. Finally, it addresses the self and personality, the five-factor model, cross-cultural studies on personality, the applied value of the five-factor model, and indigenous personalities. This chapter includes a case study, Culture Across Disciplines box, chapter summary, key terms, a What Do Other Disciplines Do? section, thought-provoking questions, and class and experiential activities.

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The Five-Factor Model of Personality and Generalized Self Efficacy

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001/a000345 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Urszula Barańczuk

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Big Five ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Factor Model ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Five Factor Model ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Big Five Personality Traits ◽

Big Five Personality ◽

The Relationship

Abstract. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relation between the Big Five personality traits and generalized self-efficacy. Data for the meta-analysis were collected from 53 studies, which included 60 independent samples, 188 effect sizes, and 28,704 participants. Lower neuroticism and higher extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness were associated with greater generalized self-efficacy. Personality traits and generalized self-efficacy measurements, as well as age, moderated the relationship between the Big Five personality traits and generalized self-efficacy. The study extends current knowledge on the associations between personality traits and generalized self-efficacy.

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