Histopathological Evaluation of the Effect of Eugenol in a Model of Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid-Induced Colitis in Rats

Abstract Introduction: Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced experimental colitis in animals is a commonly used model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Eugenol (Eug) is a natural phenolic compound possessing promising antioxidant and anti-inflammatory therapeutic properties. Aim: The present study investigated the effects of Eug in a TNBS-induced rat colitis model using criteria for histopathological evaluation of the colonic damage. Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into 6 experimental groups, each of 10 rats: Control, TNBS, TNBS+Eug1, TNBS+Eug5, TNBS+Eug25, and TNBS+Eug125 group. Eug or the solvent (sunflower oil) was applied orally using an orogastric cannula. The control group and TNBS group were treated only with sunflower oil. Eug groups were treated with corresponding doses of Eug (1, 5, 25 and 125 mg/kg) dissolved in sunflower oil. Colitis was induced by the application of TNBS in the colon. The animal treatment began 6 days before the colitis induction and continued for 8 days after it. At the end of the experiment, colitis severity was evaluated histopathologically regarding epithelium injury, inflammatory cell infiltration, and formation of granulation tissue. Results: In all TNBS+Eug groups, the formation of granulation tissue was enhanced compared to TNBS. In group TNBS+Eug125 the difference was significant compared to the control group (p < 0.05). No significant improvement regarding the scores of epithelium injury and inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in Eug groups compared to TNBS group. Conclusion: Eug did not improve the signs of TNBS-induced epithelial injury and inflammatory cell infiltration, but stimulated the formation of granulation tissue which might be considered as a sign of healing.

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Topical Application of Sadat-Habdan Mesenchymal Stimulating Peptide (SHMSP) Accelerates Wound Healing in Diabetic Rabbits

Experimental Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2012/531961 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Abdulmohsen H. Al-Elq ◽

Mir Sadat-Ali ◽

Mohamed Elsharawy ◽

Ibrahim Al-Habdan ◽

Fatin Othman Al-Aqeel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Blood Vessel ◽

Topical Application ◽

Inflammatory Cell ◽

Inflammatory Cell Infiltration ◽

Cell Infiltration ◽

Control Group ◽

Collagen Deposition ◽

Peptide Group ◽

Diabetic Rabbits

Objective. Diminished wound healing is a common problem in diabetic patients due to diminished angiogenesis. SHMSP was found to promote angiogenesis. The present study was carried out to examine the effect of this peptide in healing of wounds in diabetic rabbits.Materials and Methods. Twenty male New Zealand rabbits were used in this study. Diabetes mellitus was induced and the rabbits were randomly divided into two equal groups: control group and peptide group. A-full thickness punch biopsy was made to create a wound of about 10 mm on the right ears of all rabbits. Every day, the wound was cleaned with saline in control groups. In the peptide group, 15 mg of SHMSP was applied after cleaning. On day 15th, all animals were sacrificed, and the wounds were excised with a rim of 5 mm of normal surrounding tissue. Histo-pathological assessment of wound healing, inflammatory cell infiltration, blood vessel proliferation, and collagen deposition was performed.Results. There were no deaths among the groups. There was significant increase in wound healing, blood vessel proliferation and collagen deposition, and significant decrease in inflammatory cell infiltration in the peptide group compared to the control group.Conclusion. Topical application of SHMSP improves wound healing in diabetic rabbits.

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Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) Leaf Ethanol Extract Reduces Inflammatory Cell Infiltration in Aspirin-Induced Gastritis Rats

Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya ◽

10.21776/ub.jkb.2020.031.01.10 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 49

Author(s):

Festi Artika Sari ◽

Willy Sandhika ◽

Tri Hartini Yuliawati

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Rat Model ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Inflammatory Cell ◽

Negative Control ◽

Inflammatory Cell Infiltration ◽

Male Rats ◽

Cell Infiltration ◽

Ocimum Sanctum ◽

Control Group

<p class="ISIABSTRAKINGGRIS">Gastritis is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa. Tulsi leaf extract has phenol, flavonoid and saponin compounds which are potential as antioxidant and increase defensive factors in the gastric. The purpose of this research was to find out the effect of tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) leaf extract in polymorphonuclear (PMN) inflammatory cell infiltration in gastric of aspirin-induced gastritis rat model. This study was laboratory experimental research using post-test only control group design. Randomly, 27 male rats were divided into 3 groups, the first group was not induced by aspirin and extract as negative control, the second group was induced by aspirin of 600 mg/kgBW as positive control, and the third group was induced by aspirin of 600 mg/kgBW and was given Ocimum sanctum extract at a dose of 400 mg/kgBW as treatment group. Gastric of the rats were taken on 16th day for histopathology evaluation using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Evaluation was done by calculating the PMN inflammatory cell infiltration in mucosal and submucosal layer. The results of the average number of PMN inflammatory cell in the gastric tissue of the treatment group showed a significant decrease compared to the positive and negative control groups with P-value <0.05. This study proved that Ocimum sanctum leaf extract administration with the dose of 400 mg/kgBW can decrease gastritis inflammation by reducing PMN inflammatory cell in gastric of aspirin-induced gastritis rat model.</p>

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Morphological changes in the ventilated lung after thoracic surgery

Reports of Morphology ◽

10.31393/morphology-journal-2021-27(2)-02 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 11-15

Author(s):

A.V. Sydiuk ◽

O.Ye. Sydiuk ◽

V.O. Kropelnytskyi ◽

A.S. Klimas

Keyword(s):

Thoracic Surgery ◽

Inflammatory Cell ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Lung Ventilation ◽

Inflammatory Cell Infiltration ◽

Lung Damage ◽

Cell Infiltration ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Alveolar Wall

There are many studies of single lung ventilation (SLV), which are mostly limited to reducing lung damage by changing ventilation strategies or comparing differences in lung damage caused by different lung isolation devices. There is no study comparing the morphological changes of ventilated lungs using different strategies of artificial lung ventilation. The aim of the study was to examine pathomorphological changes in the ventilated lung during thoracic surgery using SLV. A randomized study was performed on 40 patients who underwent thoracic surgery using SLV. After signing the informed consent, the patients were divided into two groups. In the control group (40 patients) with ventilation “by volume” (VCV), in the study group – ventilation “by pressure” (PCV) with the addition of PEEP 5 mm. During surgery in the thoracic cavity with the help of SLV performed transbronchial biopsy of the parenchyma of the ventilated lung to study the pathomorphological changes after ventilation with different modes. The biopsy was performed using a bronchoscope, which was inserted through the endotracheal tube into the lung, opposite the side of the operation (after the end of SLV and “inclusion” of the collapsed lung). The morphological changes caused by the ventilator were investigated. Pathomorphological examination of the non-collapsed lung (which participated in gas exchange during SLV) was as follows: the control group found significant changes in the alveolar wall with its edema, thickening of the interstitial lung, vascular occlusion, severe inflammatory cell infiltration and damage to alveolar structures. The alveoli collapsed and disappeared. The alveolar structures of the study group were better than the control group: pulmonary interstitial and alveolar exudates, as well as inflammatory cell infiltration were significantly reduced compared to those in the control group. The results of the study suggest that the use of PCV with “moderate” PEEP can significantly improve oxygenation and reduce acute ventilatory injury of the lungs compared to VCV during SLV.

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Abstract TP279: Brain-Derived Microparticles Mediate Neuroinflammation After Stroke

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.51.suppl_1.tp279 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Zhili Chen ◽

Michael Chopp ◽

Alex Zacharek ◽

Wei Li ◽

Poornima Venkat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Cell ◽

Inflammatory Cell Infiltration ◽

Neurological Deficits ◽

Cell Infiltration ◽

Control Group ◽

Lesion Volume ◽

Inflammatory Factor ◽

Ischemic Brain ◽

Factor Expression ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Background and Purpose: Microparticles (MPs, ~ size between 0.1-1mm) are lipid encased containers, and are involved in intercellular communication and regulate inflammation. Stroke increases brain derived MP (BDMP) secretion which induces neuroinflammation. Milk fat globule-EGF factor-8 (MFGE8) promotes apoptotic cell clearance and limits pathogenic antigen cross presentation. In this study, we investigate whether BDMP affects stroke-induced neuroinflammation; whether MFGE8 treatment reduces stroke or BDMP-induced neuroinflammation and improves functional outcome after stroke. Method: 1) BDMPs were extracted from ischemic brain 24h after dMCAo by ultracentrifugation. 2) Adult (8 months) male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to dMCAo and were injected via tail vein 3h after stroke with: A) PBS (n=5/group); B) +BDMP(1.5х10 8 ,n=6/group); C)+MFGE8 (Lactadherin, 400ug/kg, n=5/group); D) +BDMP+MFGE8 (n=6/group). A battery of neurological function outcomes and immunostaining were performed. Blood plasma was used for Western blot assay. Result: 1) Compared with the Stroke+PBS control group, Stroke+BDMP significantly increases inflammatory factor expression in the circulation, increases lesion volume, neurological deficits, blood brain barrier (BBB) leakage, microglial activation, and inflammatory cell infiltration (CD45, microglia/macrophage, Neutrophils) and inflammatory factor (TNFα, IL6, IL1β) expression in brain, and increases axon/white matter (WM) damage; 2) Compared to Stroke+PBS and Stroke+BDMP groups, Stroke+MFGE8 and Stroke+BDMP+MFGE8 mice exhibited significantly improved neurological outcome; decreased lesion volume and BBB leakage, reduced axon/WM damage, and decreased inflammatory cell infiltration and inflammatory factor expression in the ischemic border, respectively. MFGE8 treatment significantly increased anti-inflammatory factor (IL10) expression in ischemic brain, and decreased IL1β expression in circulation compared to Stroke+PBS and Stroke+BDMP groups, respectively. Conclusion: BDMP increases neuroinflammation and induces worse brain damage after stroke. MFGE8 treatment reduces stroke and BDMP-induced neurological deficits possibly via its anti-inflammatory effects.

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Stromal Cell-Derived Factor (SDF)-1-Pretreated Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) Ameliorates Acute Kidney Injury in Mice

Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering ◽

10.1166/jbt.2021.2701 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1255-1262

Author(s):

Xiaohui Dong ◽

Xifeng Lv

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Cell ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Inflammatory Cell Infiltration ◽

Cell Infiltration ◽

Control Group ◽

Serum Cytokines ◽

Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stromal Cell Derived Factor ◽

Group 2 ◽

Experimental Group

To explore the effects of stromal cell-derived factor (SDF-1) pretreatment of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on acute kidney injury (AKI) in mice. BMSCs were cultured and treated with SDF-1 to detect osteogenic and adipogenic ability. Cisplatin (20 mg/kg) was used to establish AKI model and then divided into blank group, control group 2 (BMSCs injection), and experimental group (intraperitoneal injection of BMSCs treated with SDF-1 (80 ng/ml)) followed by analysis of serum cytokines (Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukine-6 (IL-6)) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In cultured BMSCs, positive rates of CD29, CD44, CD45, and CD11b were 98.2%, 97.6%, 2.5% and 2.1%, respectively. When the concentration of SDF-1 was within 80 ng/mL, the chemotaxis and proliferation ability was dose-dependent (p < 0.05). SDF-1 pretreatment did not affect BMSCs adipogenic and osteogenic abilities. The creatinine and serum cytokines (TLR4, TNF-α, and IL-6) level in experimental group showed statistical significance (p < 0.05). At 24 h, thrombosis and tubular dilatation in the mesangial region of control group 2 and experimental group under light microscope were similar without difference of inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis. At 72 h, the glomerular mesangium widened in control group 2 with focal segmental sclerosis, renal tubules dilated, and protein casts and inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis. Experimental group showed a small amount of cell proliferation in the glomerular mesangium with few inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis. SDF-1 can enhance the migration and proliferation activity of BMSCs, reduce extracellular matrix precipitation, improve renal fibrosis, and alleviate AKI.

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The Effect of Exposure of Cigarette Smoke With Herb Additives on Leukocyte and Lung Histopathology of Mice (Mus musculus)

BIOSAINTROPIS (BIOSCIENCE-TROPIC) ◽

10.33474/e-jbst.v7i1.442 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 118-130

Author(s):

M Luthfi Ardiansyah ◽

A.A.S.A Sukmaningsih ◽

Inna Narayani

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoke ◽

Inflammatory Cell ◽

Inflammatory Cell Infiltration ◽

Cell Infiltration ◽

Control Group ◽

Type I ◽

Type Ii ◽

Cell Necrosis ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

Smoking habits have been around since ancient times, but nowadays this habit is considered to be detrimental, especially to health. The impact that is often felt by smokers is difficulty in breathing because the lungs are exposed to cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke contains about 1015-1017 oxidants or free radicals, as well as 4700 harmful chemicals, including aldehydes / carbonyls, NO2, and SO2. Herbal cigarettes are tobacco cigarettes with added ingredients from plants. Gurah terapi sin cigarettes are herbal cigarettes that are sold commercially. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of gurah cigarette smoking on the leukocytes and lung histology of mice. This study used a comparative method consisting of 3 groups, namely the control was not exposed to cigarette smoke, treatment 1 was exposed to commercial cigarette smoke and treatment 2 was exposed to cigarette smoke with herbal ingredients and each group consisted of 10 replications. The results showed that there were significant differences (p <0.05) regarding the number of cell necrosis, type II pneumocytes, inflammatory cell infiltration, hemorrhage, and alveolar dilation. While the results of the analysis of the number of leukocytes showed no significant difference where p > 0.05. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the number of leukocytes in the control group, treatment 1 and treatment 2 (p > 0.05). herbs containing various kinds of antioxidants cause a tendency for differences in the number of leukocytes where there is a decrease in the number of lymphocytes and neutrophils and an improvement in the histopathological structure of the lung against type I pneumocyte cell necrosis, hemorrhage, alveolar dilation, type II pneumocyte cell proliferation, and inflammatory cell infiltration in exposed mice. commercial cigarette smoke without herbal ingredients.

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Electro-Acupuncture Accelerate Pressure Ulcer Healing by Increasing Asic3 Expression in Mouse Model

10.21203/rs.3.rs-35200/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yu-Jie Xie ◽

Chi Zhang ◽

Fu-Hua Sun ◽

Wei Jiang ◽

Sheng-min Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pressure Ulcer ◽

Inflammatory Cell ◽

Healing Process ◽

Inflammatory Cell Infiltration ◽

Cell Infiltration ◽

Control Group ◽

Group Model ◽

Pathologic Change ◽

Model Group ◽

Rt Pcr

Abstract Background: The efficiency of insert electro-acupuncture stimulation (EAS) on improving pressure ulcer (PU) healing was still unclear. This study explored the effects of insert EAS on PU and provided the regulation information of acid-sensing ion channel 3 (Asic3) during EAS intervention.Methods: A total of 32 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, EAS group, ESA + APETx2 (Asic3 inhibitor) group, each for eight mice. The ulcer tissues of all mice were havest at 14 days after modeling. HE stains and mmunohistochemical staining evaluated the pathologic change, Western blot, and RT-PCR evaluated Asic3 expression. Results: Compared with the model group, EAS group showed alleviated epithelial thickness, increased number of fibroblasts, and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration. Thickened epithelium, decreased number of fibroblasts, and obvious inflammatory cell infiltration in the EAS+APETx2 group were no significant differences with the model group. Asic3 expression in PU tissues in the EAS group was elevated compared with the model group. In addition, Asic3 expression was decreased in EAS + APETx2 group than the EAS group. Conclusion: EAS can accelerate the PU healing process in mice, and EAS also could improve the expression of Asic3 in PU tissues.Trial-registration: Not applicaple.

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Fucoidan reduces inflammatory response in a rat model of hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/cjpp-2015-0120 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 93 (11) ◽

pp. 999-1005 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Xiao-jing Li ◽

Qi-fa Ye

Keyword(s):

Signaling Pathway ◽

Inflammatory Cell ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion ◽

Treated Group ◽

Inflammatory Cell Infiltration ◽

Cell Infiltration ◽

Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽

Control Group ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Inflammatory Signaling

Ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury after a liver transplant is a major cause of severe complications that lead to graft dysfunction. Fucoidan, a complex of sulfated polysaccharides derived from marine brown algae, demonstrated antiapoptotic as well as potential anti-inflammatory properties in previous studies. Fucoidan has also shown protective effects on I/R-injured kidney and heart. However, whether fucoidan can attenuate hepatic I/R injury has not been examined. To clarify the role of fucoidan in hepatic I/R injury, Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to sham operation or ischemia followed by reperfusion with treatment of saline or fucoidan (50, 100, or 200 mg·(kg body mass)−1·d−1). The fucoidan-treated group showed decreased levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase compared with the control group. Myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde activities and mRNA levels of CD11b in the fucoidan-treated group were significantly decreased. Hepatocellular swelling/necrosis, sinusoidal/vascular congestion, and inflammatory cell infiltration were also attenuated in the fucoidan group. The expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, CXCL-10, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 were markedly decreased in the samples from the fucoidan-treated group. Fucoidan largely prevented activation of the inflammatory signaling pathway, compared with the control group. In summary, fucoidan can protect the liver from I/R injury through suppressing activation of the inflammatory signaling pathway, as well as the expression of inflammatory mediators, and inflammatory cell infiltration.

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