scholarly journals Determinants of lack of credit access among indigenous vegetable producers in Nigeria: Implications for policy interventions

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
Victoria Adeyemi Tanimonure ◽  
Olabisi Damilola Omodara ◽  
Oreoluwa Grace Fayemi ◽  
Joy Amaka Osifo
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Indigenous Vegetables

AbstractIn this study we assessed the determinants of lack of credit access among the Indigenous Vegetables (IVs) farmers based on primary data collected in a cross-sectional survey. Using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis, the results revealed that more females were involved in the indigenous vegetable production with average age of 40 years, seven household members, eight years of formal education and cultivating 0.76 acre of land. Only 8 % had access to credit and 76 % did not have contact with extension agents. The mean monthly income from indigenous vegetables production, off-farm income and savings were about ₦35,000 (US$96.83), ₦15,000 (US$42.12) and ₦13,000 (US$38.57), respectively. Further, lack of credit access significantly depended on gender (β = 0.15, P < 0.05), educational level (β = 0.11; P < 0.05), farming experience (β = 0.73; P < 0.05), off-farm income (β = 0.23, P < 0.05), saving habits (β = 0. 25; P < 0.01) and annual numbers of extension contact (β = 0.94, P < 0.01) of indigenous vegetable farmers. Therefore, improved access to formal education, extension supports, creation of gender-specific credit scheme and farm-based organisation (FBO) for indigenous vegetables farmers to sustain credit accessibility were advocated.

scholarly journals ECONOMICS OF CATFISH PRODUCTION IN EKEREMOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-105
Author(s):  
Godfrey Onuwa ◽  
Bassey Emmanuel ◽  
Victor Fatoke ◽  
Ubana Eshimutu ◽  
Grace Owa
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Returns On Investment

Catfish farmers are facing new barriers in both their production and returns on investment. Despite its potentials, the level of fish production has failed to meet domestic demand. This study aims to analyze the determinants of catfish production so as to boost the level of farm productivity and profitability. Random sampling techniques were employed in selecting the respondents for this study. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, budgetary techniques and multiple regression analysis were the analytical techniques employed. The results indicated that most (58.3%) were within the age bracket of 20-39 years; 63.3% were male; most (75%) used organic fertilizer; 45% had no access to credit; most (75%) had formal education; 83.3% used earthen ponds; 83.3% were married; most (58.3%) had household population of 1-5 people; 66.7% had farming experience of 1-5 years; 75% hired labour; 91.7% had no access to extension contact; 58.3% had pond size of 1-400 sqm and most (58.3%) had stocking density of 1001-2000 fingerlings. The net farm income was ₦433,000/400sqm. Also, the estimated fixed and operating ratios were 0.43 and 0.67 respectively, while the benefit- cost ratio was 1.67. The coefficient of multiple determination (R2) was 0.839, hence 84% variation in the output is attributable to variables included in the regression model. Furthermore, the constraints identified affected catfish production in the study area. However, improved access and supply of feeds, credit, technology, market linkages, extension services, input subsidy, cooperative formation and training are strongly recommended.

The Effect of Microfinance on Poverty Reduction in Developing Economies

2019 ◽  
pp. 575-591
Author(s):  
Christopher Boachie
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Microfinance Institution ◽  
The Relationship

The study explores the contributions of microfinance to poverty reduction. The study used a descriptive design to establish the relationship between sales performance and access to credit in the SME sector in Ghana. Cross sectional survey was used to gather relevant data. The target population was the micro businesses in Madina in Ghana with a sample size of 200. The study reveals that microfinance has a positive impact on micro businesses. There exist a significant relationship between microfinance and sales. It was also found out that, the dependency burdens on micro entrepreneurs coupled with the low credit access from the microfinance institution for productive activities lead them to deploy the credit to meet the demand of both the business and household.

The Effect of Microfinance on Poverty Reduction in Developing Economies

2016 ◽  
pp. 240-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Boachie
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Microfinance Institution ◽  
The Relationship

The study explores the contributions of microfinance to poverty reduction. The study used a descriptive design to establish the relationship between sales performance and access to credit in the SME sector in Ghana. Cross sectional survey was used to gather relevant data. The target population was the micro businesses in Madina in Ghana with a sample size of 200. The study reveals that microfinance has a positive impact on micro businesses. There exist a significant relationship between microfinance and sales. It was also found out that, the dependency burdens on micro entrepreneurs coupled with the low credit access from the microfinance institution for productive activities lead them to deploy the credit to meet the demand of both the business and household.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Adoption of Improved Robusta Coffee Technologies in Uganda

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Harris Luzinda
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Production Technologies

Abstract. This paper draws from a cross sectional survey of 252 coffee households and 8 key informants to examine the economic, farmer and institutional factors influencing adoption of improved Robusta coffee production technologies in Uganda. Data was subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. A logit model was estimated to ascertain the factors and their influence on adoption of improved coffee production technologies. Results revealed that access to credit, availability of off-farm income, level of education, labor availability and access to extension services significantly influenced adoption. Size of land holding, gender and age (of farmer) had no significant influence on adoption, suggesting that improved coffee technologies are mostly scale, gender and age-neutral. It was concluded that coffee households’ agricultural technology adoption decisions depend on their economic circumstances, farmer characteristic and institutional effectiveness. Keywords: Economic factors;  Farmer characteristics; Institutional factors

scholarly journals THE DETERMINANTS OF DEMAND FOR MICRO INSURANCE SERVICES IN KENYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Zulekha Ndurukia ◽  
Dr. Agnes W. Njeru ◽  
Dr. Esther Waiganjo
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Insurance Demand ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Micro Insurance ◽  
The Government

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors which influence the demand for micro insurance services in the insurance industry in Kenya.Methodology: The study adopted cross sectional survey design. The target population was insurance service providers in Kenya licensed by the Insurance Regulatory Authority (IRA). Sampling technique was stratified random sampling. A questionnaire was used in the collection of primary data which was analyzed using Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS). Analysis of data was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. Regression and correlation analysis was done to test the relationship between the study variables.Results: The study findings indicated that risk exposure, price, access to credit and income level are significant determinants of micro insurance demand. Gender, age and level of education were found to have a positive and significant influence on the demand for micro insurance. The study concluded that micro insurance demand is affected by economical and structural factors and that the potential is yet to be exploited.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that awareness and education be conducted to the public; flexible and convenient payment option be availed; easy access to credit; the regulator to put in place a framework for micro insurance and the government to offer subsidies and incentives towards micro insurance services.

Malaria Prevention and Mothers: Sudan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousif Elmosaad ◽  
Ahmed Al Rajeh ◽  
Asif khan ◽  
Elfatih Malik ◽  
Ilias Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Malaria Prevention ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Positive Attitudes

This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) in malaria prevention using insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) among mothers of children under five years of age in White Nile State, Sudan. Multistage cluster sampling was used to select 761 mothers for this cross-sectional survey. There were gaps in the KAP in malaria prevention. Only 46.3% of the mothers stated personal protective measures (PPMs) as the best malaria prevention strategy; 54.9% considered ITNs as an effective means; and only 18.7% reported sleeping under an ITN every day. Older mothers were less likely to have good knowledge (OR=0.96), attitudes (OR=0.98) and practices (OR=0.98). Having a Government employee as the head of the household was positively associated with knowledge (OR=2.16) and attitudes (OR=1.96). The mother having a formal education was also positively associated with good knowledge (OR=1.55) and positive attitudes (OR=1.69). Mothers with a monthly household income of <491 Sudanese Pound were more likely to have good knowledge (OR=1.43). Mothers who had good knowledge (OR=4.99) and positive attitudes towards PPMs (OR=2.60) in malaria prevention were found to be more likely to practice preventive measures. Therefore, we recommend focusing on raising mothers’ awareness of the different preventive activities to protect them and their family from malaria.

scholarly journals Hand Hygiene Knowledge, Perception, and Practices among Domestic Visitors to the Prophet’s Mosque in Al Madinah City Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 673
Author(s):  
Hashim A. Mahdi ◽  
Hamza M. Assaggaf ◽  
Mohammad Alfelali ◽  
Omar B. Ahmed ◽  
Radi Alsafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Graduate Education ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

This study aimed to assess hand hygiene knowledge, perception, and practices of visitors to the Prophet’s Mosque in Al Madinah City, Saudi Arabia. Using a self-administered electronic questionnaire, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among domestic residents, who visited the mosque between 31 July and 3 August 2020. Participants’ demographic data, hand hygiene knowledge, perception, and practices were collected. Four hundred participants aged 18–65 (median 36) years completed the survey, of which 215 (53.8%) were female. The visitors’ mean knowledge score about hand hygiene was 6.4 (± standard deviation (SD) 1.35) of total 12. Most participants (392, 98%) were aware of the role of hand hygiene in preventing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19); nevertheless, 384 (96%) said hand hygiene lowers body immunity and 316 (79%) thought <60% alcohol is sufficient for hand disinfection. Males had a higher knowledge score than females (6.46 (±1.41) vs. 6.14 (±1.27), p = 0.02) and, visitors who had no formal education scored higher than those with post-graduate education (6.88 (±1.45) vs 5.73 (±1.12), p = 0.01). Washing hands with soap and water was the predominant method practiced after a meal (365, 91.7%), after toilet visit (354, 88.5%), after touching a surface (262, 65.7%), after waste disposal (332, 83.2%), and when hands were visibly dirty (357, 89.5%). Al Madinah visitors had moderate knowledge about hand hygiene, but demonstrated some knowledge gaps and negligence in practice that are crucial to curb the spread of COVID-19.

Entrepreneurial intentions of university students: a case-based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 393-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramo Palalić ◽  
Veland Ramadani ◽  
Arnela Ðilović ◽  
Alina Dizdarević ◽  
Vanessa Ratten
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Experience

Purpose This study aims to examine the entrepreneurial intentions of university students at the International University of Sarajevo. For this purpose, the entrepreneurial desires and entrepreneurial orientations of the students across several demographic variables were measured. These variables included prior entrepreneurial experience, student’s gender, faculty, year of study and attitude towards more courses on entrepreneurship. Nevertheless, the research also examined how business environment influences the entrepreneurial intentions of students by considering the same set of variables. Design/methodology/approach The objectives of this paper have been achieved by using a quantitative research instrument, where the cross-sectional survey method for collecting primary data is used. In total, 173 usable responses have been collected from the beginning of April to the end of May in the academic year 2015/2016. Findings The results indicate that the greater the demotivation with the current business surrounding, the smaller the entrepreneurial intentions of the students are when the prior entrepreneurial experience, gender, year of study and attitude towards more courses on entrepreneurship are considered. The study suggests that improving the overall business surrounding and entrepreneurial education might increase the entrepreneurial intentions of the students. Originality/value This is the first paper that treats entrepreneurial intentions of University students in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

scholarly journals Influence on attitudes and lifestyle due to lockdown amidst COVID-19 pandemic: a perception-based analysis among Bangladeshi residents

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Saiful Islam ◽  
Md. Asad Ullah ◽  
Ummay Soumayia Islam ◽  
Sahadat Hossain ◽  
Yusha Araf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Rural Residence ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Background Countrywide lockdown or stay-at-home order has been implemented to slow down the transmission of emergent coronavirus. However, the influence on attitudes and lifestyle due to lockdown amidst the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate the influence on attitudes and lifestyle due to lockdown amidst the COVID-19 pandemic among Bangladeshi residents. Methods A cross-sectional survey carried out involving 1635 community dwellers across eight divisions in Bangladesh conducted from April 15, 2020 to May 10, 2020. A structured questionnaire incorporating socio-demographic, attitudes towards lockdown and adverse lifestyle amidst lockdown measures was employed to collect data using the Google Forms. Multiple regression analyses were executed to determine the associated factors of positive attitudes towards lockdown and adverse lifestyle. Results The mean scores of attitudes towards lockdown were 67.9 (SD = 8.4) out of 85 with an overall correct rate (positive attitudes) of 79.9%; whereas the mean scores of adverse lifestyle amidst lockdown were 16.1 (SD = 4.8) out of 34 with an overall rate of 47.4%. The factors associated with more positive attitudes towards lockdown included being female, divorced, higher educated, and students. Conversely, being male, having no formal education, and rural residence were associated factors of adverse lifestyle amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions The findings reflect how the COVID-19 lockdown has preciously impacted the attitudes, and lifestyle of Bangladeshi citizens, which will contribute to promoting appropriate measures during a subsequent zonal or complete lockdown.

scholarly journals The Use and Potential Interactions of Herbal Medicines among Diabetic Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 226-234
Author(s):  
Saleh Alghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objectives: The use of herbal medicines as non-conventional treatment is popular, especially in developing countries where people suffering from chronic diseases as diabetes mellitus are more likely to use herbal medicines along with conventional medicines. However, their simultaneous use may concur serious drug interactions and may therefore result in a serious outcome. The present study was designed to identify the most commonly used herbal medicines and conventional anti-diabetic medications among Saudi population. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was developed and piloted.Data were retrieved and manually entered in Excel 2016. Frequencies and percentages were utilized to perform descriptive analysis. The study was approved by the Scientific and Research Committee of the main hospital taking part in the study. Results: A total of 347 responses were recorded (69.4% response rate). 54% of participants were male, 53% were between the age of 41 and 64 years, and 35.5% had no formal education. Black tea, Peppermint, ginger, green tea, olive oil, and black seed were among the frequently mentioned herbal medicines. Black tea was used by the majority of patients (80%) while peppermint and ginger were used by more than half of patients, i.e., (56.5%) and (52.7%) respectively. Least common herb used by patients was Artemisia species (2.8%). A majority of patients (53.4%) used traditional medicine at least once daily, and 83% used traditional medicine without their physician's prescription. Conclusion: Concomitant use of herbal and conventional anti-diabetic medication was a common practice among patients in Saudi Arabia, therefore, pharmacists-led educational programs should target both prescribers and general public about the possible interactions/risks of herbal medicines.

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