scholarly journals Austria-wide survey on resistant, potentially pathogenic bacteria at Austrian bathing sites, 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Sarah Lepuschitz ◽  
Elisabeth Arnberger ◽  
Norbert Inreiter ◽  
Burkhard Springer ◽  
Franz Allerberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
The Public ◽  
Bathing Water Directive ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
High Level

Summary There is growing concern about human-induced antibiotic resistance and on the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant, potentially pathogenic bacteria in the environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of resistant, clinically relevant bacteria at bathing sites. In total, 27 of 263 bathing sites authorized under the EU Bathing Water Directive (3 per Austrian state) were sampled during the summer of 2017. Samples were tested for antibiotic-resistant bacteria by enrichment in thioglycollate broth and cultivation on chromogenic media. The screening for potentially pathogenic antibiotic-resistant bacteria was negative in 23 of the 27 samples. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria were detected from 4 of the 27 bathing sites: one Pseudomonas aeruginosa and three resistant Enterobacteriaceae (piperacillin/tazobactam-resistant Enterobacter cloacae with high-level expression of AmpC beta-lactamase, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter mori, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli). Despite the occurrence of resistant bacteria, we consider the public health risk at Austrian bathing sites as low.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Multidrug Resistant Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Bacteria on Iceberg Lettuce Retailed for Human Consumption

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Bhutani ◽  
Chithra Muraleedharan ◽  
Deepa Talreja ◽  
Sonia Walia Rana ◽  
Sandeep Walia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Iceberg Lettuce ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Esbl Producers

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria is a global problem exacerbated by the dissemination of resistant bacteria via uncooked food, such as green leafy vegetables. New strains of bacteria are emerging on a daily basis with novel expanded antibiotic resistance profiles. In this pilot study, we examined the occurrence of antibiotic resistant bacteria against five classes of antibiotics on iceberg lettuce retailed in local convenience stores in Rochester, Michigan. In this study, 138 morphologically distinct bacterial colonies from 9 iceberg lettuce samples were randomly picked and tested for antibiotic resistance. Among these isolates, the vast majority (86%) demonstrated resistance to cefotaxime, and among the resistant bacteria, the majority showed multiple drug resistance, particularly against cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline. Three bacterial isolates (2.17%) out of 138 were extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers. Two ESBL producers (T1 and T5) were identified asKlebsiella pneumoniae, an opportunistic pathogen with transferable sulfhydryl variable- (SHV-) and TEM-type ESBLs, respectively. The DNA sequence analysis of theblaSHVdetected inK. pneumoniaeisolate T1 revealed 99% relatedness toblaSHVgenes found in clinical isolates. This implies that iceberg lettuce is a potential reservoir of newly emerging and evolving antibiotic resistant bacteria and its consumption poses serious threat to human health.

scholarly journals Contamination by Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Selected Environments in Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Visanu Thamlikitkul ◽  
Surapee Tiengrim ◽  
Narisara Thamthaweechok ◽  
Preeyanuch Buranapakdee ◽  
Wilai Chiemchaisri
Keyword(s):  
Water Source ◽  
Intestinal Content ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Treatment Tank ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Open Markets

This study determined the presence of important antibiotic-resistant bacteria in selected environments in Thailand, including wastewater samples from 60 hospitals; washed fluid, leachate, flies, cockroaches, and rats collected from five open markets; washed fluid from garbage trucks; and stabilized leachate from a landfill facility. At least one type of antibiotic-resistant bacteria was isolated from all samples of influent fluid before treatment in hospitals, from wastewater treatment tank content in hospitals, and from 15% of effluent fluid samples after treatment with chlorine prior to draining it into a public water source. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria were recovered from 80% of washed market fluid samples, 60% of market leachate samples, all fly samples, 80% of cockroach samples, and all samples of intestinal content of rats collected from the open markets. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria were recovered from all samples from the landfill. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and/or Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most common antibiotic-resistant bacteria recovered from all types of samples, followed by carbapenem-resistant E. coli and/or K. pneumoniae. Colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, carbapenem-resistant Psuedomonas aeruginosa, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, vancomycin-resistant Enterococci, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus were less common. These findings suggest extensive contamination by antibiotic-resistant bacteria in hospital and community environment in Thailand.

scholarly journals Occurrence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria on animal farms and in their vicinity in Poland and Ukraine—review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Jeżak ◽  
Anna Kozajda
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Animal Farming ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Zoonotic Bacteria

AbstractIntensive animal farming emits to the environment very high concentrations of bioaerosol, mainly composed of microorganisms, including antibiotics resistant strains, and their derivatives. Poland is a significant producer of poultry and swine in Europe; Ukraine is located in the immediate vicinity of Poland and the EU. Thus, the review focuses on the presence of potentially pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant zoonotic bacteria and antimicrobial genes in the environment of farms and food of animal origin in Poland and Ukraine. Existing data confirms presence of these bacteria in the food animal origin chain environment in both countries. However, it is difficult to compare the scale of multidrug-resistant bacteria (e.g. MRSA, ESBL) dissemination in Poland and Ukraine with other EU countries due to lack of more extensive studies and large-scale monitoring in these two countries. A series of studies concerning resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from livestock environment have been published in Poland but usually on single farms with a very limited number of samples, and without a genotypic drug resistance marking. From Ukraine are available only few reports, but also disturbing. The risk of antibiotic-resistant bacteria transmission does not only concern animal farming, but also other facilities of animal origin food supply chains, especially slaughterhouses.

scholarly journals 1197. Microbiological Surveillance of Duodenoscopes Before and After High-Level Disinfection Following Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S362-S362
Author(s):  
Bert K Lopansri ◽  
Tasha Fernley ◽  
Jana Coombs ◽  
Michaela A Gazdik ◽  
Lori Smit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Resistant Organism ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Intermountain Healthcare ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background Transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been linked to the complex design of the duodenoscope (scope) elevator channel and cantilever. We implemented a scope culturing program to monitor the efficacy of disinfection and to identify frequency of pre-disinfection exposure to antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Methods Facilities performing ERCPs within the Intermountain Healthcare system voluntarily submit scope cultures to the Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Laboratory. Cultures are collected at designated intervals based on procedure volumes at each site. Samples are submitted by endoscopy techs trained to collect flush and swab samples of the distal end of the scope using a previously described method before (PRE) and after (POST) high-level disinfection. Selective media is used to screen for Gram-negative bacilli-resistant to third-generation cephalosporins (ESBL) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). Results Between March 7, 2016 and April 18, 2018, 1,255 scope samples from 10 facilities were cultured (533 PRE samples and 722 POST samples). 483 (90.6%) PRE samples were positive, with 75 (15.5%) screening positive for an antibiotic-resistant organism (60 ESBL and 15 VRE). 19 (2.6%) POST samples were positive, with 4 (21.1%) screening positive for ESBL. One of the four ESBL positive POST samples had a corresponding PRE sample for comparison; E. coli and Klebsiella variicola were isolated in both indicating residual contamination. Two of the ESBL-positive POST cultures did not have corresponding PRE samples and one had a PRE culture negative for ESBL. No POST samples contained VRE. Endoscopy personnel were contacted for each positive POST culture and endoscopy reprocessing practices were reviewed. Additionally, scopes were quarantined, reprocessed and re-cultured. Scopes were returned to use once POST cultures were negative. Conclusion Contamination of scopes with antibiotic-resistant bacteria during ERCP is common. High-level disinfection is effective at reducing bacterial burden but is imperfect. Routine surveillance for post-reprocessing bacterial colonization has been helpful to minimize patient exposure and to maintain focus on the importance of reprocessing. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Fate of two strains of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in constructed wetland microcosm sediments: survival and change in antibiotic resistance profiles

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 1550-1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Laure Vivant ◽  
Catherine Boutin ◽  
Stéphanie Prost-Boucle ◽  
Sandrine Papias ◽  
Christine Ziebal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Abstract Free water surface constructed wetlands (FWS CW) are efficient technologies to limit the transfer of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) originating from urban effluents into the aquatic environment. However, the decrease in ARB from inflow to outflow through the FWS CW may be explained by their transfer from the water body to the sediment. To investigate the behavior of ARB in the sediment of a FWS CW, we inoculated three microcosms with two strains of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli (ESBL E. coli) belonging to two genotypes. Microcosms were composed of two sediments collected at two locations of an FWS CW from which the strains were isolated. Phragmites were planted in one of the microcosms. The survival curves of the two strains were close regardless of the genotype and the type of sediment. After a rapid decline, both strains were able to survive at low level in the sediments for 50 days. Their fate was not affected by the presence of phragmites. Changes in the bla content and antibiotic resistance of the inoculated strains were observed after three weeks of incubation, indicating that FWS CW sediments are favorable environments for spread of antibiotic resistance genes and for the acquisition of new antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals IOX1 activity as sepsis therapy and an antibiotic against multidrug-resistant bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Jin Lee ◽  
Jueng Soo You ◽  
Amal Gharbi ◽  
Yong Joo Kim ◽  
Mi Suk Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Sepsis ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Sepsis Therapy ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics ◽  
Lysine Demethylase

AbstractSepsis is caused by organ dysfunction initiated by an unrestrained host immune response to infection. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has rapidly increased in the last decades and has stimulated a firm research platform to combat infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria that cannot be eradicated with conventional antibiotics. Strategies like epigenetic regulators such as lysine demethylase (Kdm) has received attention as a new target. Thus, we sought to investigate the epigenetic mechanisms in sepsis pathophysiology with the aim of discovering new concepts for treatment. A transcriptome analysis of dendritic cells during their inflammatory state identified Kdm as a critical molecule in sepsis regulation. Next, 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-carboxylic acid (IOX1) ability to control endotoxemia induced by Lipopolysaccharide and bacterial sepsis was demonstrated. IOX1 has been shown to regulate endotoxemia and sepsis caused by Escherichia coli and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and has also contributed to the suppression of multidrug-resistant bacterial growth through the inhibition of DNA Gyrase. These findings show that IOX1 could be a component agent against bacterial sepsis by functioning as a broad-spectrum antibiotic with dual effects.

scholarly journals Effects of abiotic factors on the stability and infectivity of polyvalent coliphage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingli Li ◽  
Ming Yu ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
Chunping Deng ◽  
Lili Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Stability

Abstract Bacteriophage has attracted growing interest as a promising therapeutic agent for pathogenic bacteria, especially for antibiotic-resistant bacteria. However, the various abiotic conditions could impact the stability of phages and further threat host-virus interactions. Here, we investigated the stability and lytic activity of virulent polyvalent coliphage (named PE1) by double-layer plaque assay. PE1 can efficiently infect both the drug-sensitive Escherichia coli K12 and multidrug-resistant E. coli NDM-1 even after prolonged storage at 4 °C up to two months. Results showed that PE1 exhibits an outstanding stability to infect E. coli strains under a wide range of thermal (4 °C–60 °C) and pH (4–11) conditions, which covers the thermal and pH variations of most wastewater treatment plants. Moreover, PE1 exhibited high resistibility to heavy metals exposure including Cu2+, Cd2+, Co2+, and Cr3+ at the concentrations below 0.5 mM, and an excellent resistant ability to the variation of ionic strength, which still retained strong infectious ability even treated with saturated sodium chloride solution (350 g/L). This work shows that polyvalent phage PE1 has a strong adaptive capacity to various abiotic factors and should be a good candidate of being an antibacterial agent, especially for antibiotic-resistant bacteria control in sewage.

scholarly journals Antibiotics resistance in pathogenic bacteria isolated from water and sediment around the floating fish farms in the Nha Trang bay

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4A) ◽  
pp. 199-209
Author(s):  
Nguyen Kim Hanh ◽  
Nguyen Trinh Duc Hieu ◽  
Nguyen Minh Hieu ◽  
Vo Hai Thi ◽  
Pham Thi Mien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Nha Trang Bay ◽  
The Impact

To assess the impact of antibiotic use in aquaculture in Nha Trang bay, we conducted this study with the aim of assessing antibiotic resistance of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria isolated from water and sediment around shrimp/fish cages in the Nha Trang bay. 109 strains of Vibrio, Salmonella-Shigella and Aeromonas groups were isolated in the surrounding environment of farming areas in Dam Bay and Hon Mieu. Antimicrobial resistance test of these 109 strains showed that in the water environment in Dam Bay, TET (96.6%) and NIT (92.5%) were the two antibiotics with the highest rates of resistant bacteria while no bacteria were resistant to RIF. All 5 types of antibiotics had a statistically insignificant percentage of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in water samples at Hon Mieu, ranging from 33.3% to 68.9%. Also in the water environment, the rate of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in Dam Bay was not influenced by the distance to the cages (42.5–66.6%). Meanwhile, in Hon Mieu, the highest rate of resistant bacteria was observed at the distance of 200 m (100%) away from cages and the lowest rate at the distance of 100 m (20%). In the sediment environment around the cages, both the Dam Bay and Hon Mieu farming areas showed the highest rates of antibiotic-resistant bacteria against TET, NIF and RIF had the lowest rate of resistant bacteria. Among the total of 109 strains tested for antibiotic resistance, 2 strains labeled TCBS_HM200 m and SS_HM200 m were found to be resistant to all 5 tested antibiotics. These two strains were respectively identified as Vibrio harveyi and Oceanimonas sp.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document