scholarly journals Evaluation of the growth, drought tolerance and biochemical compositions of introduced red currant cultivars and Russian breeding genotypes in temperate continental climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Panfilova ◽  
Volkan Okatan ◽  
Mikhail Tsoy ◽  
Olga Golyaeva ◽  
Sergey Knyazev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Continental Climate ◽  
Red Currant

Abstract The aim of the work was to study the growth, drought tolerance and biochemical characteristics of introduced cultivars (‘Jonkheer van Tets’, ‘Hollandische Rote’ and ‘Viksne’) and some selected Russian cultivars and red currant genotypes (‘Shchedraya’, ‘Natali’, 129-21-61, 111-19-81, 261-65-19 and 271-58-24). The studies were conducted between 2014 and 2018 under temperate continental climate conditions. The intensity of transpiration was determined by using a torsion balance. The soluble solid concentration (SSS – % Brix) of the fruits was determined by using a digital refractomer. The content of the sum of sugars was determined by the weight method according to Bertrand's method. Ascorbic acid content was then determined by the iodometric method. The total phenolic content was determined by a colourimetric method. Climatic conditions were found to have significant influence on the disease severity of the red currant genotypes, while the infections caused by Sphaerotheca mors-uvae increased in optimum seasons and damages caused by Pseudopeziza ribis increased in drought seasons. None of the selected genotypes was found to be resistant to any of the diseases/pests, but ‘Jonkheer van Tets’, ‘Hollandische Rote’ and 111-19-81 were less affected by these diseases/pests. Weight, yield and raceme length of berries and the number of berries in a raceme were found to be higher in optimum seasons, and different cultivars/genotypes had superior characteristics for different parameters. The highest berry weight was observed in the 261-65-19 genotype (0.65 g), while the highest yield was noted in ‘Hollandische Rote’ (15.6 t · ha−1). It was also found that the water content of leaves and transpiration have a strong positive relationship with soil moisture at a depth of 0–200 mm but a week correlation with soil moisture at a depth of 200–400 mm. Results also showed that the transpiration of leaves decreases in later developmental stages (July). Hierarchical clustering suggested four clusters: the introduced cultivars produced one cluster, Russian cultivars are another cluster, 261-65-19, 111-19-81 and 129-21-61 genotypes make up a third cluster and the 271-58-24 genotype (superior in terms of phenolic contents) forms the fourth cluster.

scholarly journals Correlation Analysis of Phenolic Contents and Antioxidation in Yellow- and Black-Seeded Brassica napus

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Wang ◽  
Guisheng Meng ◽  
Sailing Chen ◽  
Yajie Chen ◽  
Jinjin Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Phenolic Components ◽  
Antioxidant Characteristics ◽  
Black Seeds ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Brassica napus L. is rich in phenolic components and it has natural antioxidant characteristics which are important to human health. In the present study, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of developing seeds of yellow- and black-seeded B. napus were compared. Both phenolic and flavonoid contents were significantly higher at 5 weeks after flowering (WAF) in black seeds (6.44 ± 0.97 mg EE/g phenolics and 3.78 ± 0.05 mg EE/g flavonoids) than yellow seeds (2.80 ± 0.13 mg/g phenolics and 0.83 ± 0.01 mg/g flavonoids). HPLC–DAD–ESI/MS analysis revealed different content of 56 phenolic components between yellow and black-seeded B. napus, including kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-sophoroside, procyanidin B2 ([DP 2]), which were significantly reduced in yellow seeds compared with black seeds. Applying the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical assay, we found maximum clearance of DPPH and ABTS in the late developmental stages of yellow and black seeds. Additionally, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) value maximized at 5 WAF in black seeds (432.52 ± 69.98 μmol Fe (II)/g DW) and 6 WAF in yellow seeds (274.08 ± 2.40 μmol Fe (II)/g DW). Generally, antioxidant ability was significantly reduced in yellow-seeded B. napus compared to black rapeseed, and positive correlations between antioxidation and flavonoid content were found in both yellow- and black-seeded B. napus.

scholarly journals Comparative Assessment on Selected Physicochemical Parameters and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Honey Samples from Selected Districts of the Amhara and Tigray Regions, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mekuanint Lewoyehu ◽  
Meareg Amare
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

The composition and properties of natural honeys differ with plant species on which the bees forage and the climatic conditions of the production areas. In Ethiopia, Amhara and Tigray are neighboring regions consisting of different agricultural activities and blossoms from different types of vegetations which may influence the natural composition and hence the properties of honey. So, the aim of the current study was to assess the quality of honey from selected districts of the two regions. In the study, 18 composited honey samples were collected from six selected districts and analyzed for selected physicochemical parameters and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The analyses of physicochemical parameters were carried out following standard procedures of IHC and QSAE. The antioxidant activity was determined by analyzing the RSA using DPPH while the antibacterial activities were determined by the agar well diffusion method. The moisture, ash content, electrical conductivity, pH, free acidity, reducing sugar, and sucrose content of the honey samples were found to be in the range 16.34 ± 0.26 to 19.83 ± 0.43 %, 0.08 ± 0.00 to 0.45 ± 0.03 %, 0.19 ± 0.00 to 0.89 ± 0.03 mS/cm, 3.79 ± 0.04 to 4.20 ± 0.01, 19.56 ± 1.13 to 38.11 ± 1.54 meq/kg, 62.10 ± 0.48 to 66.37 ± 0.20 %, and 1.35 ± 0.08 to 5.96 ± 0.10 %, respectively. The total phenolic content ranged from 1165.60 ± 23.45 to 1854.83 ± 10.47 mg/kg with antioxidant activity of 21.64 ± 0.26 to 36.12 ± 0.52 AEAC/100 g. The total phenolic contents showed strong correlation with RSA. Furthermore, all honey samples showed an antibacterial activity varying from 23.23 ± 0.12 to 28.84 ± 0.24 mm.

scholarly journals (409) The Impact of Tarnished Plant Bug Damage on Antioxidant Characteristics of Organically and Conventionally Grown Strawberries

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1070C-1070
Author(s):  
Mustafa Ozgen ◽  
Joseph Kovach ◽  
Lauren D. Harper ◽  
Simeon Wright ◽  
Joseph C. Scheerens
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Tarnished Plant Bug ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Yard Waste ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Antioxidant Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

Six strawberry cultivars (`Earliglow', `Honeoye', `Idea', `Jewel', `Northeaster', and `Seneca') were grown organically on three different composts (yard waste, dairy barn waste, and vermicompost). Organic treatments were contrasted against a synthetic fertilizer standard, a conventional pesticide standard and an untreated control. Plots were rated for tarnished plant bug (Lygus lineolaris) damage during the growing season. At harvest, berries were examined for their ascorbic acid levels and total anthocyanin and phenolic contents. Ascorbic acid content of berries in different cultivars and treatments were similar. As expected, fruit anthocyanin and phenolic contents were significantly different among the cultivars, and ranged between 160–230 μg·gfw-1 and 1039–1333 μg·gfw-1, respectively. Among treatments, anthocyanin contents of strawberries were not significantly different, but berries grown on the conventional pesticide standard had 8% to 12% lower total phenolic content than the other treatments. In organic treatments, production of phenolic compounds may have been induced in response to increased tarnished plant bug feeding. This putative biotic stress defense mechanism was seen most dramatically on tarnished plant bugsusceptible cultivars. However, as differences in phenolic levels were greater among cultivars than among treatments, cultivar choice may be a more important consideration than growing system for optimizing antioxidant levels in commercially available fruit.

scholarly journals Extended maceration of must improves phenolic composition and antioxidant potential of Touriga Nacional tropical wine

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Samantha Santos De Carvalho ◽  
Aline Telles Biasoto Marques ◽  
Luiz Claudio Côrrea ◽  
Maria Auxiliadora Coelho De Lima ◽  
Renan Danielski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Wine ◽  
Antiradical Activity ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Composition ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Harvest Year ◽  
Brazilian Northeast ◽  
Positive Effect

The "Submédio do Vale do São Francisco" (S.V.S.F.), located in the Brazilian Northeast, is an emerging winemaking region in South America. Touriga Nacional (T.N.) grapes originated in Portugal, thrive under the climatic conditions found in the S.V.S.F. The effects of extended maceration on different parameters of red wine must produced with T.N. grapes from two harvest years from S.V.S.F. were studied. Increased maceration time (16 to 20 days) resulted in greater total phenolic contents (40 to 85%) compared to eight days of maceration, along with higher antiradical activity (15 to 36%). Regardless of the harvest year, the antiradical activity was mostly related to the contents of resveratrol, (+)-catechin, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucosidase, and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate. In contrast, color intensity was not affected.  The increase in the maceration period induced a positive effect on the phenolic composition, which was reflected in the higher antiradical activity of T.N. red wine.

scholarly journals April Vegetation Dynamics and Forest–Climate Interactions in Central Appalachia

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
Nathan Shull ◽  
Eungul Lee
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Vegetation Dynamics ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Specific Humidity ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Surface Climate ◽  
Central Appalachia ◽  
Climate Interactions

The study of land–atmosphere (L–A) interactions is an emerging field in which the effects of the land on the atmosphere are strongly considered. Though this coupled approach is becoming more popular in atmospheric research, L–A interactions are not fully understood, especially in temperate regions. This study provides the first in-depth investigation of L–A interactions and their impacts on near-surface climate conditions in the Appalachian region of the Eastern United States. By way of statistical analysis, we explore vegetation dynamics, L–A interactions, and the consequences for near-surface climate, along with the competing effects of the albedo (energy) and moisture (evapotranspiration and soil moisture) feedback. Based on the results from linear regression, composite, and correlation analyses, we conclude that: (1) a statistically significant increasing trend in April vegetation exists from 1982 to 2015 in central Appalachia; (2) there was empirical evidence that this increasing vegetation trend was significant and altered near-surface climatic conditions, as indicated by significantly enhanced latent heat flux, 2 m-specific humidity, and soil moisture; and (3) the dominant biogeophysical process responsible for the changes in near-surface climate conditions could be the positive moisture feedback process.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variability of ozone deposition

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cs. Czender ◽  
E. Komjáthy ◽  
R. Mészáros ◽  
I. Lagzi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Deposition Velocity ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Ozone Deposition ◽  
Interaction Processes ◽  
Atmosphere Interaction ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Continental Climate

Abstract. Soil moisture and ozone deposition velocity under continental climate conditions were estimated using a newly developed algorithm. The relationship between soil moisture and deposition velocity was investigated and analysed. These results emphasize the importance of a sophisticated parameterization of soil moisture in surface-atmosphere interaction processes.

Ecological specificities of the interaction between animal breeding and climate changes, caused by greenhouse gas emissions

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
O. Zhukorsky ◽  
O. Nykyforuk ◽  
N. Boltyk
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Animal Breeding ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Emissions Inventory ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Global Problems

Aim. Proper development of animal breeding in the conditions of current global problems and the decrease of anthropogenic burden on environment due to greenhouse gas emissions, caused by animal breeding activity, require the study of interaction processes between animal breeding and external climatic conditions. Methods. The theoretical substantiation of the problem was performed based on scientifi c literature, statistical informa- tion of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization and the data of the National greenhouse gas emissions inventory in Ukraine. Theoretically possible emissions of greenhouse gases into atmosphere due to animal breeding in Ukraine and specifi c farms are calculated by the international methods using the statistical infor- mation about animal breeding in Ukraine and the economic-technological information of the activity of the investigated farms. Results. The interaction between the animal breeding production and weather-and-climate conditions of environment was analyzed. Possible vectors of activity for the industry, which promote global warming and negative processes, related to it, were determined. The main factors, affecting the formation of greenhouse gases from the activity of enterprises, aimed at animal breeding production, were characterized. Literature data, statistical data and calculations were used to analyze the role of animal breeding in the green- house gas emissions in global and national framework as well as at the level of specifi c farms with the consid- eration of individual specifi cities of these farms. Conclusions. Current global problems require clear balance between constant development of sustainable animal breeding and the decrease of the carbon footprint due to the activity of animal breeding.

RESISTANCE TO MILDEW OF SELECTION FAMILY OF RED CURRANT THE BELAYA POTAPENKO × № 1426-21-80

1970 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
O. O. Kalinina ◽  
O. D. Golyaeva ◽  
O. V. Panfilova ◽  
А. V. Pikunova
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Artificial Infection ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
The Family ◽  
Red Currant

Powdery mildew is one of the most harmful fungal diseases that causes economically significant damage to berry plantations. The disease is common in all areas of currant cultivation in the Russian Federation. In this regard, in modern conditions of intensive berry growing, the problem of breeding cultivars that are highly resistant to diseases and pests becomes urgent. Breeders have a difficult task to combine the adaptive potential of the cultivar with its annual high productivity and resistance to biotic environmental factors. When studying the adaptability of introduced cultivars of red currant and selected forms of the Institute to local soil and climate conditions, the following cultivars were identified as sources of economic and useful characteristics and involved in selection: ‘Belaya Potapenko’ as a complex source of resistance powdery mildew and high marketable and taste qualities of berries; SS 1426-21-80 as a source of high productivity and long racemes (raceme length 11-13 cm; up to 20 berries in the raceme). On their base the selection family of red currant has been developed: Belaya Potapenko × ♂SS 1426-21-80. The study of data on the destruction of hybrid seedlings of the selection family by powdery mildew showed that in epiphytotic conditions, the percentage of intensity of the disease development varies over the periods of screening from 0.2% in May to 20.4% in June. Such indicators served as a prerequisite for conducting a comparative test of breeding material in the field under artificial infection with powdery mildew. After artificial infection on the background of epiphytosis, the rate of intensity of the disease development increased slightly and amounted to 35.6% for the family. There were 30 highly resistant seedlings in the family, 10 of which have remained stable and highly resistant since 2018. In these plants we can assume the presence of the so-called field resistance, controlled by polygens, each of which does not give a visible effect of stability, but with different combinations determines one or another of its degree. Highly resistant seedlings will be used in further breeding studies to identify new sources of resistance to powdery mildew.

SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN ANTITUMOR 20 TUMBUHAN OBAT ASAL KABUPATEN MANOKWARI

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bimo Budi Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Total Phenolic Contents

<strong><em>Flavanoid, steroid, and terpenoid contents of 20 Manokwari medicinal plants were analyzed.  The antioxidant activity, total phenolic contents and antitumor activity of 20 Manokwari medicinal plants were also evaluated. The result shows that 83% positif to flavanoid test, 59% positif to terpenoid test and only 25% positif steroid. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents evaluated using Ferric Thiocianate (FTC) and Folin-Ciocalteu methods respectively. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents of medicinal plants were extracted by the traditional method, boiling in water and also in 80% methanol. Twenty plants evaluated in both exstracts have significantly varies of antioxidant activities and phenolic contents,  A significant and linier correlation coefficient between the antioxidant activity and the total phenolic content was found in both aqueous (R<sup>2</sup>= 0,77) and methanol (R<sup>2</sup> = 0,85). Antitumor activity was tested using cell maurine P-388 and only 2 of medicinal plants are active to inhibit cell maurine P-388. Comparing extraction efficiency of the two methods, the methanol extracted phenolic compounds more efficiently, and antioxidant activity of the extract was higher.</em></strong>

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