scholarly journals Housing Poverty in Polish Households and its Diversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 437-455
Author(s):  
Paweł Ulman ◽  
Małgorzata Ćwiek
Keyword(s):  
Single Mothers ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Major Element ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Micro Data ◽  
European Social Model ◽  
Poverty Risk ◽  
The One

AbstractResearch background: The European Housing Charter defines housing as a basic necessity, but also a fundamental social right underpinning the European social model as well as an element of human dignity. Housing conditions constitute a major element of the broader quality of life for individuals and society.Purpose: The aim of this paper is to assess the level of housing poverty in general and in selected areas of an assessment of Polish households due to the selected socio-demographic characteristics of the respondent or household.Research methodology: The study was conducted on the basis of micro-data from the Household Budget Survey of 2017. To determine the housing poverty risk for each household the Integrated Fuzzy and Relative approach was used, which allows for the aggregation of symptoms measured on different measuring scales into the one risk assessment of poor housing conditions. This assessment, overall and in specific areas of housing poverty, became the basis for the study of the factors differentiating this kind of poverty. For this purpose, regression trees were used.Results: The greatest risk of housing poverty was observed in households living in rural areas, in families with many children, in the households of single mothers or fathers, as well as in households living on unearned sources of income.Novelty: The use of the Integrated Fuzzy and Relative approach for housing poverty research is an innovative approach and is applied in the paper.

scholarly journals Quality and year-round availability of water delivered by improved water points in rural Tanzania: effects on coverage

Water Policy ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Jiménez Fernández de Palencia ◽  
A. Pérez-Foguet
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Point Mapping ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
Rural Tanzania ◽  
Water Point ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Basic Quality ◽  
The One

This paper reports the findings of three water point mapping (WPM) studies carried out in three rural districts of Tanzania covering 3,363 water points. The methodology was designed to estimate the influence that consideration of the quality of the water supplied and the year-round functionality of each water point would have on each district's coverage figures. To this end, the study included measurements of basic quality parameters (692 analyses) and characterisation of the year-round continuity of service, in addition to the data collected in standard WPM campaigns. Both the quality and year-round continuity results were analysed in a disaggregated form by water point technology. The results show that 22% of the improved water points analysed had more than 10 CFU (colony-forming units)/100 ml of water and 19% were seasonal. Moreover, water service coverage in the districts studied fell 40% on average when quality and year-round continuity were considered. There is a strong need to include these basic factors in the minimum standards to be delivered and monitored in rural areas. Simple and efficient methodologies for including quality and year-round continuity measurements in the information routines, such as the one presented here, are a necessary step to this end.

scholarly journals Knowledge Transfer, Knowledge Acquisition and Qualifications in the Context of Rural Development in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-70
Author(s):  
Jarosław Greser ◽  
Ryszard Kamiński ◽  
Piotr Klatta ◽  
Wojciech Knieć ◽  
Jonatan Martinez-Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Informal Education ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Transfer System ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Informal Knowledge ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
The One

Abstract The aim of this study is to analyse the knowledge acquisition and transfer system in rural Poland, in comparison with nonrural areas. In addition, to determine the importance of market qualifications and the effects that the Integrated Qualification System can have in the rural areas. This study shows that life in the countryside is becoming more diverse and agriculture is no longer the main source of income because the share of income from non-agricultural activities is increasing. This is linked to the fact that rural areas have become more attractive for the development of non-agricultural jobs, which in turn is associated with the need not only to raise, but also to confirm qualifications acquired in everyday activities. The conducted analysis shows that acquisition and transfer of knowledge can come from two different platforms, individual and supralocal. These platforms work in two totally different ways. Our analysis also shows a gap between formal and non-formal or informal education in relation to the rural areas´ needs. This gap can be bridged by using the Integrated Qualification System. Like a bidirectional tool, this system works on the one hand confirming acquired skills and knowledge, and on the other hand incorporating and updating the formal education system with non-formal or informal knowledge. The recognition of informal or non-formal qualifications has an important role in sustainable development and improving quality of life of rural areas. The article refers to the issue of qualifications of rural population, it is difficult to consider this issue in isolation from rural areas. The aim of the authors was to focus on the analysis of the issue of qualifications among people directly related to the countryside. The authors do not refer only to farmers, nevertheless, the reference to this social group finds its justification in the studies that are cited.

scholarly journals REGIONAL DIVERSITY OF HOUSING CONDITIONS OF THE POPULATION LIVING IN RURAL AREAS IN POLAND

2019 ◽  
Vol XXI (4) ◽  
pp. 233-243
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kozera ◽  
Joanna Stanisławska
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Central Heating ◽  
Ward Method ◽  
Central Data

The aim of the study is to assess the regional differentiation of housing conditions of the population living in rural areas and their changes in Poland between 2004 and 2016. Research was conducted on the basis of secondary data from the Central Data Bank of the CSO. Due to the complex nature of the studied phenomenon, the Ward method was used to identify typological classes of the housing condition level of the population in rural areas in a system of voivodships. A total of two typological classifications of voivodships were performed – the first in view of the level of housing conditions of the population living in rural areas in 2016, and the second in view of the level of changes in the housing conditions of the surveyed population that occurred in 2016, in relation to 2004. As a result of the research, it was found that in 2016, rural areas in the Dolnośląskie, Śląskie, Opolskie and Zachodniopomorskie voivodships were characterized by the highest level of housing conditions of the population. The lowest level of housing conditions of the population living in rural areas was observed in the Podlaskie voivodship. Dynamic, favourable changes were observed in the housing conditions of the population living in rural areas in the conditions of European integration, both in terms of accessibility and quality of housing resources. The highest increase in the percentage of dwellings equipped with central heating and network gas was observed in rural areas in the following voivodships: Dolnośląskie, Pomorskie, Wielkopolskie and Zachodniopomorskie. On the other hand, the largest increase in the percentage of dwellings equipped with a toilet and network water supply occurred in rural areas in the Lubelskie, Łódzkie, Mazowieckie, Podlaskie and Świętokrzyskie voivodships.

scholarly journals Solar Water Filtration and Vending System

2021 ◽  
pp. 410-414
Author(s):  
Mr. Shivam Bhakare ◽  
Mr. Karan Parab ◽  
Mr. Aniket Kesharwani ◽  
Mr. Rohit Gavalee ◽  
Prof. Kanchan Bhosle
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Filtration ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
The One

In India there is problem of safe drinking water therefore we are going to provide mineral water. Water has become the most commercial products of the century. On the one hand, the rapidly rising population and changing lifestyles have increased the need for fresh water. If opportunity costs were taken into account, it would be clear that in most rural areas, households are paying far more for water supply than the often-normal rates charged in urban areas. Also, if this cost of fetching water which is almost equivalent. Water is the most important aspect of our life but what happens in the real world is there is lot of wastage in water. By implementing water vending machine we eliminate the waste of water and provide good quality of water at low cost. For this entire system we are using renewable energy source that is solar energy for power supply. The heart of the system is micro controller.

HOUSING CONDITIONS OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN POLAND COMPA RED WITH SELECTED COUNTRIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

2018 ◽  
Vol XX (6) ◽  
pp. 230-235
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Siedlecka
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
European Union ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Union Countries

The aim of the paper was to analyze the housing conditions of households living in rural areas in Poland against a background in selected European Union countries. The household as a basic subject of economic life has limited resources. One of the elements of these resources is a flat. Both its area, equipment and infrastructure are an important element affecting the quality of life. The analysis of statistical data showed that worse conditions, described using the average number of rooms per person in households, were in Poland in comparison with other European Union countries. The statistical data for 2017 collected by the Statistical Office of the European Union (Eurostat) were used in the article.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF AGRICULTURE ON AIR POLLUTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1071-1076
Author(s):  
Hristina Harizanova-Bartos ◽  
Zornitsa Stoyanova
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
Scientific Project ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Air pollution is of major importance to the environment. Last years the findings related to air pollution of the agricultural sector and the impact on it are crucial for the future development of plant and livestock breeding sectors. The main purpose of this paper is to identify, analyze and assess, on the one hand, the impacts of agriculture on air pollution and, on the other, agriculture as a pollutant. The conclusions drawn will serve as suggestions for the introduction of practices and mechanisms in agriculture that will contribute to the improvement of the environment and in particular the quality of the air.The object of the survey is the agrarian sector, and the subject of the research is 1) the impact of air pollution on the agrarian sector and 2) the effects of agrarian activities on air pollution. The paper is based on the following sequence: theoretical framework, analysis of statistical information and a survey of agrarian, environmental and agroecology experts. The survey is made under the scientific project DN 15/8 11.12. 2017 Sustainable multifunctional rural areas: reconsidering agricultural models and systems with increased demands and limited resources.

The Lisbon strategy a decade on: a critical review of a multi-disciplinary literature

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Natali
Keyword(s):  
Social Model ◽  
Democratic Legitimacy ◽  
Lisbon Strategy ◽  
Subsequent Evolution ◽  
Definitive Answer ◽  
European Social Model ◽  
Economic Rationale ◽  
The One ◽  
Changing Attitudes ◽  
Shed Light

This article provides a brief review of the literature on the Lisbon strategy. The aim is to shed light on the changing attitudes of experts and academics towards the strategy (both on its launch in 2000 and during its subsequent evolution through the mid-term review of 2004–05). The focus of the article is on three main questions: the political and economic rationale of the strategy, the use of participation to increase EU democratic legitimacy, and the cognitive potential of the strategy through learning dynamics. Three broad tensions seem to require more political and analytical attention. The first tension has to do with the reform of the European social model; the second is related to the ambiguous compromise between the supposed depoliticisation of socio-economic reforms through the Lisbon strategy and the aim of improving participation of stakeholders; and the third tension has to do with the respect of national competences on the one hand, and the improvement of strategy's efficacy to shape cognitive and normative maps on the other. For all these, the Lisbon project has represented a first, but not definitive, answer.

scholarly journals BIOECONOMY – OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS IN MALOPOLSKA VOIVODSHIP (POLAND)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna KOKOSZKA ◽  
Małgorzata PINK
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Functional Value ◽  
Provincial City ◽  
Regional Basis ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
The One

The main objective of the article is to indicate the main challenges and development opportunities related to the bioeconomy, shown in the regional layout on the example of the Małopolska voivodeship. The theoretical part of a paper is basing on a review of the literature regarding a concept of bioeconomy. It finds is conclusions in a model of 'bio-economy triad of challenges', that the conventional economy is facing. The issues of bioeconomy in this paper are presented in a context of:  processes taking place between enterprises, consumers and the state,  challenges for qualitative and quantitative economic development. Referring to the above-mentioned model, it was stated that the bioeconomy should be the main direction of development as part of the smart specialization strategy for Małopolska. This will allow, among others development of functional value chains, increasing the added value of production and the possibility of sustainable management of natural resources. Attention was also paid to conditions of development that may constitute significant barriers in shaping the bio-profile of the economy on a regional basis:  environmental, in the sense of sustainable access to natural resources;  social, understood as the quality of social capital and access to a qualified workforce;  institutional, being the state's responsibility and related to the law, providing adequate infrastructure or adequate expenditures for R&D. It was noticed that Małopolska is characterized by a dual development model - on the one hand, we are dealing with sectors of modern technologies concentrated in the provincial city and some poviat cities. On the other hand, when we talk about the raw material sphere, one can talk about development destimulants, i.e. agrarian structure, the problem of fallowing land or the lack of a qualified workforce in rural areas.

scholarly journals Experience of Solving Social Issues Abroad (Using Farmers Practice as an Example)

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Social Program ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Us ◽  
Land User ◽  
The One

The purpose of the article - to present the experience of solving social issues in rural areas on the example of farmer practice in the US, Sweden and Germany and compare it with similar approaches in Ukraine. Results. Impressions from meetings with foreign farmers, the experience of their work are presented. In Ukraine, on the one hand, there are all the prerequisites for mastering the best examples of the foreign experience of the state's interaction with the land user. The quantity and quality of soil cover in most of Ukraine are characterized by quite positive. In addition, a favourable climate, satisfactory technological, technical and staffing security do not create any particular obstacles to optimize social life. But, on the other hand, many unresolved issues pose a lot of difficulties and do not allow to implement favourable conditions. They are fairly well known but are very slowly overcome. Conclusions. As a state with a priority development of agrarian complex, Ukraine needs to work out and adopt a Social Program, which will reflect the main problems of land users, especially legal, economic and cultural.

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