scholarly journals Rapid Public-Private Partnership Deployment in Kazakhstan: Enablers and Implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-221
Author(s):  
Nikolai Mouraviev
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Value For Money ◽  
Energy Company ◽  
The Government ◽  
Simplified Procedures ◽  
Private Investors ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract Public-private partnerships (PPPs) are a relatively new phenomenon in Kazakh-stan – their development began in 2005 in the transport and energy sectors. Initially sluggish growth transformed into rapid PPP deployment from 2016 to 2019 when hundreds of PPPs were launched in many industries (infrastructure, hospitals, schools), which was in sharp contrast to just a handful of PPPs formed prior to 2016. Rapid PPP deployment raised deep concerns whether the government’s supporting schemes and PPP launch procedures are appropriate and whether they may backfire for the government in the form of increasing debt. This paper aims to investigate the enablers and implications of accelerated PPP formation. The study is based on semi-structured in-depth interviews with a range of actors in the field, including PPP operators (railroad, energy company, kindergarten), regional and local governments, national and regional PPP centres, lawyers and private investors, which afforded an opportunity to mitigate bias in opinions. The study has identified three principal enablers: simplified procedures for a PPP launch, pressure exerted on regional governments, and extensive government financial support to PPPs. By making use of agency theory, property rights theory and the value-for-money concept, the paper offers a conceptualisation of rapid PPP growth in Kazakhstan in recent years and argues that growth was disproportionally fast and unintended. Policy implications include a need to re-establish the value-for-money approach to PPP formation, a significant increase in government liabilities to PPPs, and a misconception regarding the role of PPP collaborative governance.

scholarly journals Handling COVID-19 from a Collaborative Governance Perspective in Pekanbaru City

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Raja Muhammad Amin ◽  
Rury Febrina ◽  
Baskoro Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Joint Decision ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government ◽  
The City

Identical collaborative governance is used in government and must handle COVID-19 to create fast, precise, focused, integrated and synergistic steps between ministries/agencies, local governments, and other stakeholders. This research describes collaborative governance in efforts to deal with COVID-19 in Riau Province, especially Pekanbaru City, considering that the city recorded a relatively high initial increase in cases compared to other areas in Riau Province as well as the implementation of collaborative management. The research method is qualitative, with the type of research used is the exploratory type and literature study. This article analyses several aspects of collaborative governance, namely the initial role of the government, non-state actors, joint decision making, formal organizing, gaining consensus, and the existence of problems to collaborate both on public policies and services.

scholarly journals Towards the Development of Sustainable Tourism in Pakistan: A Study of the Role of Tour Operators

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4902
Author(s):  
Zia Ullah ◽  
Rana Tahir Naveed ◽  
Atta Ur Rehman ◽  
Naveed Ahmad ◽  
Miklas Scholz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Sole Criterion ◽  
Depth Interviews

The literature on sustainable tourism is scant, particularly in the least developed countries. Very few studies touch upon the concept and no holistic theoretical or conceptual frameworks around the idea of sustainable tourism have been formulated. This study aims at exploring the role of tour operators in developing sustainable tourism in Pakistan and how the tour operators (TOs) conceive their role in this regard. TOs were reached through phone calls, emails, and virtual sources as face-to-face interviews were not possible due to COVID-19 pandemic and restrictions on travel by the government. In-depth interviews were conducted to gather data. Results suggest that the TOs although realize the importance of social, environmental, and economic dimensions of tourism on the communities but have no management systems in place to cater accordingly. There are no incentives in place by the government facilitate TOs to design and implement such systems. The TOs do not select a destination based on Global Sustainable Tourism Council criterion, but rather the selection of destination is mostly demand-based and profit-oriented. The study suggests that corporate profit motive is the sole criterion for decision making and is one of the major causes impeding sustainable tourism in Pakistan. The role of TOs in developing sustainable tourism is vague as the TOs do not have any systems in place to implement sustainable models. The study recommends that efforts need to be put in place to incentivize sustainable tourism in Pakistan and proper laws should be set forth by the authorities to comply by the TOs. The role of TOs is important and understood, however, there is a need to put proper systems in place.

China’s Science and Technology Progress through the Lens of Patenting

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-112
Author(s):  
Gary H. Jefferson ◽  
Renai Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Patent Quality ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Government ◽  
International Sector ◽  
Role Of The Government

This chapter assesses China’s science and technology (S&T) progress through the lens of the patenting literature in the context of China. In particular, after presenting an overview of China’s patent production over the past twenty-five years, it investigates the following questions: What accounts for China’s patent surge? What are the implications of the surge for patent quality? Does the nature of the patenting reveal China’s S&T direction and comparative advantage? How has the international sector affected China’s patent production? What has been the role of the government—the central, provincial, and local governments—in shaping patent production? And finally, how heterogeneous is China’s regional patent production; are patenting capabilities diffusing across China?

scholarly journals THE URGENCY OF RELIGIOUS FORUM AS THE BASIS OF EDUCATION FOR CORRUPTION PREVENTION AMONG GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS (A MULTI-SITE STUDY IN MALANG RAYA GOVERNMENT MOSQUES)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-206
Author(s):  
Ahmad Barizi ◽  
Siti Rohmah ◽  
Moh. Anas Kholish
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Shock Therapy ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
City Hall ◽  
The Government ◽  
Corruption Prevention ◽  
Depth Interviews

This article aims to determine the construction of the thoughts of preachers and preachers about the urgency of preventing corruption through religious forums at the Greater Malang Government mosque. In addition, this study also aims to identify and analyze the role of spiritual forums in the Greater Malang Government mosque in preventing corruption. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach by making in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation as data collection techniques. The results of this study indicate that the construction of preachers and preachers about the urgency of religious forums as a basis for preventing and fighting corruption in Malang Raya has strong potential as well as cultural capital to inject the awareness of the mustami', most of whom are officials. There are construction variants among the preachers and preachers at the Government Mosque of Malang Raya. The constructions in question include theological buildings, Sufism, jinayah fiqh, eschatological constructions, and qawaidul fiqhiyah. Meanwhile, the role of preventing and fighting corruption at the Baiturrohim Mosque in Malang City Hall through religious forums has been carried out. However, studies on the theme of corruption are not explicitly discussed but are tucked away in various themes of sermons and lectures. Likewise, what happened at the Baiturrahman Grand Mosque, Malang Regency, and An Nuur Mosque, Batu City, several momentums of religious forums that were used as the basis for preventing and fighting corruption were expressed in religious activities such as cults, weekly and monthly recitations, Friday sermons, and commemorations. Islamic holidays. Through religious forums, preachers play a significant role as spiritual generators to bring about social change. This effort is carried out as shock therapy for officials so that they can behave honestly and trustworthy.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN REGIONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FOR THE HANDLING OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Yurispruden ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Fahrul Abrori
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship

 ABSTRAKPandemi Covid-19 yang terjadi di Indonesia membuat pemerintah membuat kebijakan-kebijakan sebagai stimulus untuk menjaga kestabilan masyarakat dan perekonomian. Pemerintah pusat memberikan kewenangan kepada pemerintah daerah untuk mengelola keuangan daerah untuk menangani covid-19 di daerah masing-masing. Hal ini disebabkan karena pemerintah daerah lebih memahami kebutuhan daerahnya. Permasalahan yang diangkat Pertama, bagaimana hubungan Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah dalam pengelolaan keuangan untuk penanganan pandemi Covid-19? Kedua, Apa peran Pemerintah Daerah dalam pengelolaan keuangan daerah untuk penanganan pandemi Covid-19? Menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konsep. Hubungan Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan untuk Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19 yaitu desentralisasi fiskal yang mana. Peran Pemerintah Daerah dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah untuk Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19 yaitu dengan melakukan refocusing kegiatan, realokasi anggaran, dan Penggunaan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah.Kata kunci: Pemerintah Daerah, Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah, Pandemi Covid-19 ABSTRACTThe Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia led the government to make policies as a stimulus to maintain the stability of society and the economy. The central government authorizes local governments to manage local finances to deal with covid-19 in their respective regions. This is because the local government better understands the needs of the region. The issue raised first, how is the relationship between the Central Government and Local Government in financial management for the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic? Second, What is the role of local governments in regional financial management for the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic? Using normative juridical research methods with statutory approaches and concept approaches. The relationship between the Central Government and Local Government in Financial Management for the Handling of the Covid-19 Pandemic is fiscal decentralization. The role of local governments in regional financial management for the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic is by refocusing activities, reallocating budgets, and using regional budgets.Keywords: Local Government, Regional Financial Management, Covid-19 Pandemic

The Awakening Giant

2018 ◽  
pp. 171-200
Author(s):  
Patricia de Santana Pinho
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
State Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
The State ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
African Heritage ◽  
The Government ◽  
Tourist Demand ◽  
Roots Tourism

The role of local governments in attracting roots tourists is one of most important factors analyzed in the studies of diaspora tourism. Governments of several countries have actively sought to promote varied forms of roots tourism in order to attract members of their respective diasporas. In contrast, African American roots tourism in Brazil is marked by the almost complete inaction of the government, at both the state and federal levels. This type of tourism was initiated and continues to develop largely as the result of tourist demand, and with very little participation on the part of the state. This chapter analyzes the belated response of the state government of Bahia to African American tourism, examining how the inertia that dominated since the late 1970s was later replaced by a more proactive, although still inadequate, position, when the state tourism board, Bahiatursa, founded the Coordination of African Heritage Tourism to cater specifically to the African American roots tourism niche. The chapter also analyzes whether the left-leaning Workers’ Party, then in charge of the state government, challenged the longstanding discourse of baianidade (Bahianness) that has predominantly represented blackness (in tourism and other realms) through domesticated and stereotypical images.

scholarly journals PEMBENTUKAN KEBIJAKAN PARTISIPATIF DALAM PERSPEKTIF PEMERINTAHAN KOLABORATIF DI KABUPATEN SAMBAS PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Willy Mulyadi
Keyword(s):  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
Participatory Policy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Shared Commitment ◽  
Role Of The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bureaucratic Reform

Convensional model of public policy makings in Sambas district, West Borneo Province, so far rely more on the strength of institutional structures and elites with less open processes. The impact in many case of planning has failed to identify and accommodate governance issues. This research uses qualitative explorative methods which are assisted with soft system methodology as suggester by Checkland (1999). Analysis of research uses collaborative governance theory in looking at the process of preparation of regional medium term development plan (RPJMD) of 2016-2021. Result of this research illustrates that the failure in the preparation of planning for this is caused by access to stakeholder involvement that is limited, the role of the government is very dominant so that RPJMD is not considered as a shared commitment and responsibility, the implication of each party working independently in accordance with their respective interest. It is also apparent that the process of preparing planning has not been sufficient to meet accessability and drivers in the form of citizen's education and lack of seriousness in the implementation of bureaucratic reform to become an implementative reference for the formation of participatory policy making according to the perspective of collaborative governance in regions with similar characteristics.

scholarly journals PACITAN DISTRICT GOVERNMENT POLICY IMPLEMENTATION IN THE SUGAR COCONUT INDUSTRY PROMOTION AND DEVELOPMENT ON FTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Business Services ◽  
Brown Sugar ◽  
Bargaining Position ◽  
The Government ◽  
Trade Office

The implementation of free trade agreements has consequences for product competitiveness, both competitiveness in the international market and competitiveness in the domestic market (Ministry of Trade of the Republic of Indonesia, 2011). An alternative strategy that can be done in an effort to deal with free trade is to create and produce superior products that are not the result of assistance from other countries, so that these goods have a strong bargaining position in the global economy. One industry that is local and has the advantage of this product is the coconut sugar industry. One of the best coconut sugar producers in Indonesia is Pacitan Regency. The importance of the industry based on coconut sugar for the people in Pacitan Regency has an important value, so that the function and role of the government is very much needed to increase the existing coconut sugar industry. The purpose of this study was to analyze the potential of coconut sugar SMEs in Pacitan District, analyze the constraints in the development of coconut sugar SMIs and analyze the role of local governments in facilitating coconut sugar SMEs. Retrieval of data in this study includes field observations, document studies and interviews with all stakeholders such as coconut sugar industry players, consumers, Micro Cooperative and Business Services and the Pacitan Regency Industry and Trade Office. Data analysis techniques use interactive analysis. Pacitan Regency is one of the best coconut sugar producing regions in Indonesia with a total of brown sugar industry which is as many as 5,115 units. This sugar industry can absorb 10,220 workers or 39.03% of the workforce in Pacitan Regency. This is due to the large number of raw materials in the area of Pacitan Regency. The coconut sugar industry is currently experiencing two obstacles in its production process and marketing. The Micro Cooperative and Business Office and the Pacitan Regency Industry and Trade Office in order to increase coconut sugar SMIs carry out coaching and facilitation. The guidance and facilitation includes training, work equipment facilities, product legality facilities, promotional facilities and capital facilities.

scholarly journals PERAN KELOMPOK TANI DALAM KEGIATAN USAHATANI KAKAO DI DESA KETULUNGAN KECAMATAN SUKAMAJU KABUPATEN LUWU UTARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-101
Author(s):  
Ulfa Lestari ◽  
Megawati Idris
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Cocoa Farmer ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
The Government ◽  
Depth Interviews

The formation of farmer groups will make it easier for farmers to carry out their farming activities. This study aims to examine the role of farmer groups in cocoa farming activities in Ketulungan Village. The approach used in this study is a qualitative descriptive approach. Respondents were cocoa farmer groups selected using a purposive method. Data collection is done by in-depth interviews with respondents and informants. The informants in this study were extension agents both from related institutions and from the private sector. The results of this study indicate that the role of farmer groups in farming activities includes: (1) Farmer groups as a forum for sharing information, namely farmer groups disseminating information obtained from instructors to their members through meetings; (2) Farmer groups as a place of discussion, namely farmer groups as a place to find solutions to problems in cocoa farming activities such as maintenance and handling of pests and diseases; (3) Farmer groups as a forum for learning, namely farmer groups as a place to get knowledge about cocoa cultivation; (4) Farmer groups as production units, namely farmer groups as providers of facilities and infrastructure in farming activities of their members such as providing fertilizer and cocoa seeds; (5) Farmer groups as a place of cooperation, namely farmer groups capable of cooperating with extension agents, PT Mars and its members in carrying out their farming activities. It is expected that farmer groups, more actively collaborate in farming activities and can cooperate with the government and other parties to improve their farming activities.

scholarly journals PERAN PEMERINTAH DALAM MEMAKSIMALKAN MINYAK NILAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-202
Author(s):  
Arif Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government

Aceh Patchouli is an export commodity product that has a high value on the global market. In fact, this great potential can increase the income of farmers and will also indirectly have an effect on the economy of the community, but this has not yet happened, many problems have arisen, ranging from rent issues, unilateral monopoly prices to the continuity of patchouli production. Therefore the role of the government as a facilitator for the development of regional potential is very much needed. Moving on from these problems, this study aims to see how the role can be done by local governments in increasing the selling value of patchouli by using Global Value Chains or GVC glasses. The election of the GVC perspective in seeing this case is certainly inseparable from the swift influence of globalization on the local government that is now happening. The government should be able to capture the current of globalization as an opportunity to improve the people's economy.

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