scholarly journals Effect of Health Coaching Approach Based on Motivational Interview on Improving Undesirable Nutritional Habits of Housewives

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-352
Author(s):  
Esmat Abdolahpour
Keyword(s):  
P Value ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Nutritional Habits ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Simple Sampling ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background and aims: Nutrition disorders are a common risk factor for many clinical disorders, and effective methods for resolving it are motivational interviewing methods that can be useful in encouraging people to promote lifestyle. In recent years, motivational interviews have come up with community health and often people in need of a change in nutritional habits are so vast that they can maintain their health. Material and method: This interventional study was carried out on all housewives referring to Mazdak Health home. They were selected by simple sampling method. The sample size was 35 in each subgroup. Food intake was assessed by a feed frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and the energy consumption in kilocalories per day was calculated using Nutritionist 4 software. Using SPSS18 and Chi-square tests, the exact test Fisher, T and Independent Tests, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon were analyzed. Results: The mean score of healthy nutrition index after intervention was significantly different in intervention and control groups (p-value = 0.004). Also, in whole grain (p-value = 0.001), dairy (p-value = 0.01) Fruits (p-value = 0.01), vegetables (p-value = 0.003) had a significant difference between the mean of intervention and control groups after intervention. There were no significant differences between the other indices after the intervention in the intervention and control groups. Conclusions: The intervention has been effective and generally increases the index of healthy nutrition index after intervention. But on components of dairy, sodium, refined grains, absent calories, proteins have not had any effect.

scholarly journals Association Between Serum Cadmium and Arsenic Levels with Bladder Cancer: A Case-control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Moazed ◽  
Elham Jafari ◽  
Mohammad Reza Ebadzadeh ◽  
Amin Pourzare ◽  
Hamid Reza Gharehchahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Background: Bladder cancer is the second most common cancer of the genitourinary system and the eighth cause of cancer death. In addition to known risk factors such as smoking and urinary stones, trace elements are also effective in causing bladder cancer and other cancers. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the association between bladder cancer and the carcinogens cadmium and arsenic. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 40 patients with bladder cancer admitted to Shahid Bahonar Hospital and a control group of 40 healthy individuals in Kerman, Iran, in 2018. The serum levels of arsenic and cadmium were measured by atomic absorptiometry. The paired t-test and chi-square tests were employed to assess the difference between cases and controls groups. An unadjusted and 2 multivariable conditional regression models were separately adjusted on sex, family cancer history, residence, occupation, and smoking and were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) to assess the association between arsenic and cadmium levels and bladder cancer. The statistical software SPSS version 26 and R software version 3.6.3 were used to perform the statistical analyses. Results: The mean cadmium level was 2.99 ± 1.45 and 2.59 ± 0.46 in the case and control groups, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between the groups (P = 0.100). The mean arsenic level was 2.12 ± 1.04 and 1.43 ± 0.73 in the case and control groups, respectively, demonstrating a statistically significant difference between the groups (P = 0.001). Unadjusted and adjusted conditional logistic regression models indicated significant association between arsenic levels and bladder cancer (unadjusted: odds ratio (OR) (95% CI): 0.66 (0.46 - 0.94), P-value = 0.022; adjusted: OR (95% CI): 0.64 (0.44 - 0.92), P-value = 0.018). Conclusions: Overall, cadmium and arsenic levels are higher in patients with bladder cancer, with a statistically significant difference for arsenic. However, these elements are not interrelated and are not related to other factors.

Investigation of the Association Between Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness (IMT) and Cardiac Risk Factors in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Zahra Rezaieyazdi ◽  
Sima Sedighi ◽  
Masoumeh Salari ◽  
Mohammadreza H. Fard ◽  
Mahmoud R. Azarpazhooh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Background: The relationship between SLE and traditional risk factors for cardiovascular events was evaluated. Methods: The data regarding sixty patients with SLE and 30 healthy controls (age and sex matched) were gathered using SLEDAI forms. Venous blood (10mL) from all the participants was examined for hs-CRP, homocysteine, VCAM1, CBC, anti-DNA antibody, C3, C4, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, FBS and triglyceride. : The IMT of carotid arteries was determined bilaterally by ultrasound. Other measurements included insulin levels via Elisa (Linco/Millipore Corp) and the HOMA-IR index for insulin resistance. Results: The mean age (in years) in the test and control groups was 28.8±10.3 (18-52) and 33.8±9.13 (18-48), respectively. Results: The mean age (in years) in the test and control groups was 28.8±10.3 (18-52) and 33.8±9.13 (18-48), respectively. : The average IMT in the test group was directly related to serum levels of VCAM1 (p<0.001), homocysteine (p<0.001), cholesterol (p<0.009), LDL (p<0.001), TG (p<0.001), and FPG (p=0.004). The association between other risk factors, insulin resistance, carotid IMT and SLEDAI, was nonexistent. Mean insulin and insulin resistance levels in all the participants were 0.43±2.06 µU/mL and 0.09±0.44, respectively. There was no significant difference between the test and control groups regarding serum insulin and insulin resistance levels (p=0.42 and p=0.9, respectively). None of the risk factors, such as hsCRP, VCAM1, or homocysteine, were shown to be related to insulin resistance (p=0.6, p=0.6, p=0.09, respectively). Conclusion:: Our findings did not show an increase in the prevalence of atherosclerosis in patients with SLE. There was no association between IMT and insulin resistance. However, the former was associated with FPG, total cholesterol, LDL, TG, homocystein and VCAM1.

The Baby Shark (Songs Heard Affecting Resuscitation Kinetics) study

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjstel-2020-000657
Author(s):  
Rebecca Singer ◽  
Grace Leo ◽  
Tessa Davis ◽  
Ben Lawton ◽  
Henry Goldstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Target Zone ◽  
Compression Depth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Training Exercises ◽  
And Control ◽  
Musical Cues

Previous research has examined the utilisation of musical cues to improve the performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) delivered in training environments. We postulated a musical cue that is both contemporary and transcends cultures may improve CPR performance. Our aim was to establish whether chest compressions are performed with improved rate and depth if a song of a fixed beat (PinkFong’s ‘Baby Shark’ with a tempo of 115 beats per minute (bpm) and 15 beats in each verse) is played to a healthcare professional immediately before undertaking CPR compared to whale noises (a non-metronomic rhythm). 58 Participants of a paediatric conference (majority doctors) were randomly assigned to listen to a minute of Baby Shark (28) or whale song (30) and then undertake a minute of CPR. There was no significant difference in the mean compression rate between the Baby Shark and control groups, with the groups achieving 121 and 125 bpm, respectively (p=0.18). In relation to compression depth within the target zone, the Baby Shark group had more compressions completed within the target zone (55%) than the control group (39%) although this difference was not significant (p=0.08). Listening to Baby Shark prior to undertaking simulated CPR does not improve overall performance, but there is a potential tendency to improve adequate compression depth which may be beneficial in training exercises.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of employing the enrichment activities of mental thinking on the development of thinking and mathematical achievement among the students of the second cycle Education has been essential: فاعلية توظيف الأنشطة الإثرائية للتفكير الذهني في تنمية التفكير والتحصيل الرياضي لدى طلاب الحلقة الثانية من التعليم الأساسي

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim Ahmed Saif Al-rashdi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
Achievement Test ◽  
Cognitive Achievement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

    The present study aimed at uncovering the effectiveness of employing the enrichment activities for mental thinking on the development of mathematical thinking and achievement among Grade 7 students. To achieve the research objectives, the researcher used the semi experimental design known as the design of the control group with the tribal and remote tests. In light of the experimental design, the average Grade 7 students tested the sample of the study in the second semester of 30 students who were divided into 15 students for the experimental group and 15 students for the control group after checking the validity and stability of the tools. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference at (0.05) between the mean scores of the experimental and control groups in the cognitive achievement test related to the unit of Engineering in the second semester and the mathematical thinking test for the average of the experimental group. The results also showed a statistically significant difference) between the average scores of the experimental group students in the tribal and remote applications in the cognitive achievement test and the mathematical thinking test, and in favor of the average post-implementation. In the light of these results, the study presented a number of recommendations and suggestions.   ، ، ، ،

scholarly journals EFFECT OF AUDIO THERAPY USING AL-QUR'AN MURROTAL ON BEHAVIOR DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN WITH AUTISM

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 470-477
Author(s):  
Anjar Astuti ◽  
Suryono Suryono ◽  
Melyana Nurul Widyawati ◽  
Ari Suwondo ◽  
Mardiyono Mardiyono
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Behavioral Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Background: Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder. Audio therapy is considered as one of the complementary therapies to improve the behavior of children with autism.Objective: This study was to analysis the effectiveness of the Al-Qur'an murrotal audio therapy on behavioral development in children with autism.Methods: This study was a true-experimental research using pretest and posttest approach with control group. This research was conducted on November 2016 in the Autism Foundation of Semarang City. There were 30 samples were selected using simple random sampling, with 15 samples assigned in the experiment and control group. Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon tests were used for data analysis in this study.Results: Results showed that there was a significant difference in the mean of behavioral development after given intervention between the experiment group and control group with p-value 0.034 (<0.05). The mean of behavioral development in the experiment group (4.53) was higher than the mean in the control group (3.47).Conclusion: The Al-Qur'an murrotal audio therapy is effective to develop behavior of children with autism. Therefore, it is expected that this audio therapy can be applied an alternative therapy for children with autism.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a Need-Based Program in Relieving Psychological Distress of Family Caregivers of Leukemia Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Abdullahzadeh ◽  
Narjes Khosravi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Abstract PurposeThe family of leukemia patients, due to their caring role, often feel psychological distress. This paper describes the efficacy of a designed family-need-based program on relieving depression, anxiety, and stress of family caregivers of leukemia patients by meeting the specific psychological needs of caregivers.MethodsIn this clinical trial, 64 family caregivers of leukemia patients referring to a medical center in Iran were recruited by convenience sampling and divided into study and control groups randomly. The study group attended a designed need-based program. The control group did not receive the intervention. Stress, anxiety, and depression before, right after, and one month after the intervention in family caregivers were compared using DASS-42. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics; the significance level adopted was 5%.ResultsBefore the intervention, the mean score of depression, anxiety, and stress scale in both study and control groups showed no considerable difference (P > 0.05). After the intervention, the mean score of DASS-42 revealed a significant difference between the two groups and the study group did better on outcomes (P < 0.001).ConclusionThis family-need-based program can decrease the level of stress, anxiety, and depression of the family caregivers of leukemia patients and may potentially alleviate the psychological distress of family caregivers over their caring role.Trial registration number: IRCT2013093011895N2. Date of registration: 2014-05-06

scholarly journals Pirzi Doll”: A Method for Increasing Children’s Knowledge and Attitude in Balanced Nutrition

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S9) ◽  
pp. 165-169
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Nutritional Education ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Nutrition is one of the main problems in the world, where the number of malnourished patients reaches less than 104 million children and one third of all causes of child mortality worldwide are still caused by malnutrition. Nutrition knowledge in school-aged children is one of the factors determining patterns food consumption and nutritional status. Nutrition education in school-aged children can improve children's nutritional knowledge and play a role in food selection and eating habits. Nutrition education should start from an early age. Nutrition and health education began to be directed at kindergarten and elementary school students, since this age group has a habit of attitude that is relatively easy to be formed. This study aims to determine the effect of nutrition education by story’s telling with pirzi doll media to increase knowledge and attitude of children about balanced nutrition. This study used quasi-experimental design with two group pre and post-test design sampling was carried out with a systematic random sampling. Sample of research were children enrolled in Kindergarten IT Rabbani and IT Menara Fitrah in Ogan Ilir District. There were 37 samples on control group dan 39 samples on experimental group. The results of statistical analysis using Mann-Whitney test. The mean score of knowledge after being given a nutritional education was 26.15 ± 3.10 in the experimental group and in the control group was 26.05± 3.16 (p-value=0.817). The mean score of attitudes after being given a nutritional education was 13.69 ± 1.97 in the experimental group and in the control group was 11.24 ± 3.67 (p-value=0.002). There was no difference in mean score of knowledge between the experimental and control groups after being given a nutritional education. There was a difference in mean values of attitudes between the experimental and control groups after being given a nutritional education.

Comparing the Effect of Hand and Foot Reflexology Massages on the Severity of Nausea, Vomiting and Ileus in patients after Abdominal Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1589-1593
Author(s):  
Elham Shahraki Moghadam ◽  
Zahrasadat Manzari ◽  
Hossein Rashki Ghalenow ◽  
Hajar Noori Sanchooli
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hands And Feet

Background: Common clinical problems after surgery include nausea, vomiting and ileus that many patients complain of after their surgery. These complications can delay the patient's discharge from hospital. Nowadays, to reduce drug side effects, the use of complementary medicine, including reflexology, has received a great deal of attention. Aim: To compare the effect of hand and foot reflexology massages on the severity of nausea, vomiting and ileus in patients after abdominal surgery. Methods: This is a clinical trial study that was conducted between 2013 and 2015 in the emergency surgical departments of Imam Reza (AS) and Ghaem (AS) hospitals in Mashhad. The samples of this study included 90 women with cholecystitis and appendicitis who met the inclusion criteria. In this study, patients were randomly divided into 3 groups of hand reflexology massage, foot reflexology massage and control. To check the digestive status, gastrointestinal sounds were checked every hour using a clinical stethoscope. Also, information on gas and feces elimination was collected and recorded every hour. The intervention was performed 1 and 12 hours after the surgery. In both groups of hands and foot reflexology massages, after general massage of the hands and feet, the areas related to the abdominal distension and removal of the ileus were pressed. It should be noted that, the duration of massage for each person was 10 minutes (20 minutes in total). Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 using Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, two-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the mean score of severity of nausea before the intervention between the three groups (p = 0.90), but after the intervention a significant difference was observed in the mean score of severity of nausea between the three groups (p=0.002). Also, the result of ANOVA test with repeated measure showed a statistically significant difference in the mean score of nausea by group and stage (p<0.001). There was also no statistically significant difference in the frequency of vomiting severity between the three groups after the intervention. However, at 4 and 24 hours after the intervention, a statistically significant difference was observed between the three groups in that regard. Conclusion: The results showed that both types of hand and foot reflexology massage has positive effects on nausea and return of gastrointestinal movements, so nurses can use reflexology as a non-pharmacological and complementary method to reduce the severity of nausea and return gastrointestinal movements in postoperative patients. Since the reflexology had little or no effect on the severity of vomiting and the acceleration of gastrointestinal movements in patients, further studies in this area are recommended. Keywords: Reflexology, Pain, Nausea and vomiting, Ileus, Surgery

scholarly journals A profile and treatment outcome of seasonal hyper-acute panuveitis

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Seasonal hyper-acute panuveitis (SHAPU) is a sight-threatening disease and its management is challenging. Objective: To study the profile and evaluate the visual outcome of the patients of clinicallydiagnosed cases of SHAPU after treatment. Subjects and methods: A retrospective interventional hospital-based study was carried out involving 21 subjects with clinically-diagnosed SHAPU. The data were retrieved from the record section of the hospital and analyzed. The variables studied were demographic pattern, clinical condition, duration of presentation and visual acuity before and after the treatment. Statistics: The data were analyzed using Epi Info version 2000. Percentage prevalence, mean values with standard deviation, relative risk, 95% CI and p value were calculated. P value of < 0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: Among the 21 cases, the numbers of male and female were 11 (52.4 %) and 10 (46.7 %) respectively. A comparative analysis of gender in children and adults did not show any significant difference (RR=0.47, 95% CI = 0.22 - 1.01, Fisher exact test: p = 0.14). The mean for all ages was 7 ± 12.68 years, while the mean age in pediatric cases was 4.5 ± 3.91 years. Thirteen (61.9%) cases occurred in children below fifteen years. Fifteen (71.4 %) cases reported during September and October. Presenting visual acuity of all cases was less than 3/60. All of them received medical treatment. By the end of the 4th week, seven (33.3 %) patients regained vision to 6/18. Conclusion: SHAPU is more prevalent in pediatric age group. It is equally prevalent among males and females. The visual acuity can improve with early medical treatment. Keywords: SHAPU; panuveitis; steroid; phthisis bulbi DOI: 10.3126/nepjoph.v2i1.3702 Nep J Oph 2010;2(1) 35-38

scholarly journals Borderline Dysplasia with Acetabular Retroversion: Key Findings from a Large Hip Arthroscopy Study Group

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7_suppl6) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0043
Author(s):  
Benjamin Kivlan ◽  
Shane Nho ◽  
Andrew Wolff ◽  
John Salvo ◽  
John Christoforetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Arthroscopy ◽  
Arthroscopic Surgery ◽  
Acetabular Retroversion ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Crossover Sign ◽  
Center Edge ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
And Control

Objectives: The radiographic crossover sign (COS) is an indicator of acetabular retroversion, classically representing anterosuperior overcoverage often treated with acetabuloplasty which could exacerbate acetabular hypovolemia in dysplasia. No prior study has investigated the prevalence of acetabular retroversion in patients with dysplasia undergoing hip arthroscopy, acetabuloplasty rates, and outcomes in this setting. Study objectives are to report the prevalence of acetabular retroversion in dysplasia, the influence of the COS on arthroscopic acetabuloplasty rates, and relative outcomes compared with control groups. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed from a prospectively collected multi-center database. Patients undergoing isolated hip arthroscopic surgery were assigned to dysplasia (lateral center-edge angle (LCEA) ≤ 25°) or one of two control groups: normal(LCEA 26-38°), or pincer femoroacetabular impingement (FAI)(LCEA ≥ 39°). The prevalence of COS and acetabuloplasty rates between and within study and control groups were compared (Chi square analysis). Minimum 2 year outcomes utilizing iHOT-12 were compared (analysis of variance). Results: Of 401 study patients, 64 (16%) comprised the dysplasia group, 273 (68%) normal group, and 64 (16%) pincer group. Mean LCEAs were 22.3°, 31.5°, and 42.4°, respectively (p<0.001). COS prevalence was similar between groups at 31%, 26%, and 33%, respectively (p=0.873). Acetabuloplasty rates were dependent on the amount of acetabular coverage with lowered rate in the dysplasia group(40%) and increasing rates in the normal(52%) and the pincer(90%) groups (p=0.013). Post-operative iHOT-12 scores improved in all groups (68, 74, and 77, respectively, p=0.222). Patients with a COS plus rendered acetabuloplasty reported similar scores that improved to 77, 74, and 79, respectively,(p=0.949). Patients with dysplasia with COS averaged 73.1(SD 23.3) iHOT-12 score compared to 67.1(SD: 28.7) for the patients with dysplasia without COS (p=0.466). Within the dysplasia with COS subgroup, there was no significant difference in iHOT-12 scores between the group with acetabuloplasty (77.0;SD:17.1) and without acetabuloplasty (70.4;SD:27.4,p=0.580). Conclusion: Acetabular retroversion occurs with similar prevalence in borderline dysplasia compared with non-dysplastic hips undergoing hip arthroscopy but with lower acetabuloplasty rates not influenced by the COS. Arthroscopic outcomes of dysplasia with retroversion are similarly successful and comparable with those of dysplasia and non-dysplastic hips. Although infrequently performed, acetabuloplasty did not compromise outcomes in dysplasia with retroversion.

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