scholarly journals Demographic processes in rural areas of Belarus: geographical structure and spatial dynamics

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Antipova ◽  
Liudmila Fakeyeva
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Geographical Structure ◽  
Demographic Dynamics ◽  
Movement Dynamics ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
And Shifts

Demographic processes in rural areas of Belarus: geographical structure and spatial dynamics The study presents the spatiotemporal regularities and shifts in geo-demographic development of rural areas of Belarus at the multiscale level. Trends in rural population size dynamics for the period of 1959-2009 are detected and characterised. In accordance with the trends in the dynamics of the rural population of Belarus spatial regularities were identified. The geo-demographic territory of Belarus is typified on character of demographic dynamics and natural movement processes of rural population. We have identified three types of districts by the nature of the rural population dynamics for the period of 1970-2009: stable, growing and shrinking; and three types of natural population movement dynamics for the same period in accordance with spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the rural depopulation.

scholarly journals Natural Movement and Migration of the Population of the Central Black Earth Region of Russia in the Context of Urbanisation and Conservative Modernisation of the 20th–21st Centuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-130
Author(s):  
Valery V. Kanishchev ◽  
◽  
Nikolay A. Zhirov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Reverse Migration ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
And Migration

This paper aims to present a comprehensive study of the natural and migration movement of the rural population of Russia over several periods of the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. The authors proceed from the premise that it is necessary to consider not only the decline of Russia’s rural population but also its movement. The article refers to the data of general censuses and vital records of the population at the regional, district, and settlement levels in one of the most successful agrarian regions by Russian standards, i.e. the Central Black Earth Region. The authors process the information from the sources employing various quantitative methods, including modeling demographic processes of the past, which helps verify the information of official documents. It is concluded that the idea of the general “extinction” of the Russian countryside is oversimplified. Historical data of the Central Black Earth Region testify to the constantly changing, different directions of demographic processes at the level of individual regions, districts, and settlements. Backsliding due to the process of depopulation, conservative demographic modernisation, and especially the transfer of urban dwellers back to rural areas contribute to the preservation of “islands of stability”. There are still dozens of districts and hundreds of settlements in the Central Black Earth Region characterised by natural growth and migration influx. The authors argue that a population which is excessive in terms of the needs of modern agriculture will continue to migrate. At the same time, based on the data of last decades, it is suggested that a certain number of people will be staying in the countryside as well as relocating there — those preferring a rural lifestyle in general or seeking to survive there in times of crisis. The reverse migration to rural areas observed during critical periods made it possible and continues to amortise the continuous decline of the rural population.

The migration component in the demographic development of Russia in the post-war period (1951–2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-242
Author(s):  
Leonid Rybakovsky ◽  
Vladimir Savinkov ◽  
Natalia Kozhevnikova
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Demographic Dynamics ◽  
Growth Decline ◽  
Migration Potential ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Post War ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Migration Component

The article discusses possible combinations of the impact on the dynamics of the population of migration growth (decline) and natural decline (increase). Variants of combinations with the corresponding values of natural and migration movements are shown using examples of the demographic dynamics of Russia. Reliable information about the migration movement of the population refers only to the time that began in the 50s. It is distributed over periods that differ in the nature of the impact of the reproductive and migration components on demographic dynamics. During these periods spanning seventy years, the country's population increased by almost 44 million. In the first 25 years, there was a migration decline, more than offset by natural population growth. Then migration, along with natural movement, acted as a component of population dynamics. Due to natural growth, the population increased to the 1951 level. by 33.8 million people. The migration component accounted for 10.6 million people. Their ratio was 3/4 to 1/4. It is shown that in the second half of the tenth years of the twenty-first century, Russia entered a difficult demographic time for it, aggravated by the fact that by now in the new abroad the migration potential oriented towards Russia has significantly decreased

scholarly journals DEMOGRAPHIC PROBLEMS OF THE RURAL POPULATION OF THE PREDVOLZHSKY ECONOMIC REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-348
Author(s):  
A.R. Mukhametov ◽  
I.T. Gaisin ◽  
V.А. Rubtsov ◽  
V.P. Sidorov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Economic Region ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Country People

The study of rural population in the regional context makes it possible to identify demographic problems and analyze the factors influencing the state of rural population and settlements of the republic on the example of the Predvolzhsky agrarian economic region (Predvolzhie) of the Republic of Tatarstan with predominantly rural population. The period for considering the development of the rural population of the economic region was chosen from 1959 to 2019, since the Soviet period of the development of the planned economy and the formation of market relations in agriculture in the republic has its own characteristics and aspects. A significant impact on the rural population of the republic was exerted by the large-scale diversified development of industrial production: the automotive industry, petrochemical production, and the electric power industry. The study reveals the complex impact of historical, geographical, social, economic, transport factors affecting the demographic processes in the rural population of this economic region. The dynamics of changes in the main indicators of demographic processes of the rural population of the Volga region is considered on the example of Apastovsky, Buinsky, Drozhzhanovsky, Kaibitsky, Kamsko-Ustinsky and Tetyushsky rural municipal districts of the Republic of Tatarstan. The article shows the internal territorial differences in the population density of the Predvolzhsky economic region and analyzes the main demographic indicators (birth rate, mortality, decline in dynamics over 60 years), and also reveals positive and negative trends of these indicators using the example of specific municipal areas. The analysis of changes in the dynamics of the rural population and settlements and the reasons for its decrease is presented on the basis of statistical materials of the All-Union and All-Russian population censuses. The article identifies three periods of development of the rural population in the municipal districts of the Predvolzhsky economic region of the Republic of Tatarstan, which reflect the general picture of the vector of development of the rural population of the republic in the period under study. The current crisis state of the demographic indicators of the agrarian economic region shows the need for targeted management decisions in this direction. The research emphasizes that at the moment the country people need economic stability. Existence in rural areas of jobs, the stable salary will allow to stabilize a situation of reduction of country people.

scholarly journals Demographic changes and processes in Negotin municipality settlement network

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Zivkovic ◽  
Nenad Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Development Models ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Population Concentration ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Town Center ◽  
The Town

The analysis of demographic factors of the studied area points to the different demographic development models. Uneven economic and regional development of industry caused the regional demographic polarization of the population of Negotin municipality. In relatively short period, the transition has caused spontaneous urbanization and deagrarization. All that influenced the faster tempo of social and demographic processes, especially the migrations towards Negotin, which led to the developmental unevenness and regional polarization to the zone of population concentration (town and the suburban areas). Contrary to the town center, there are depopulation rural areas, with outstanding economic undevelopment.

scholarly journals State and perspectives of the demographic development of the geospace of the republic of Srpska

2006 ◽  
pp. 435-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drasko Marinkovic
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
The Republic

Yearly rates of population increase and the data about the relative participation of particular areas in the total number of the population of the Republic of Srpska point to the interdependence between the natural movement and the tract processes of emigration, deagrarization and urbanization. These processes are in the harmony with the demographic transition which is followed by the changes in the structure of the active population. Unfavourable tendencies in the re-distribution and reinstatement of the tract-demographic polarization have the reflection in the disturbances in the demographic structures and in the strengthening of the process of the total ageing of the population, specially in the rural areas. These tendencies result in a more pronounced polarization in the reproduction of the population in which the urban areas take over the priority. With the trend of the low and negative natural increase, which has the immediate influence on the accelerated process of ageing of the population, further growth of the population and socio-economic development of the Republic of Srpska are questionable. In order to secure the constant growth of the population of this area, it is urgently necessary to conduct the measures of the population politics, that is, it is necessary to match the demographic and general socio-economic development.

METHODICAL ASPECTS OF DEVELOPING TOOLKIT MODELING AND INFORMATION SUPPORT FOR THE FORMATION OF FORECASTS OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
M.M. NIZAMUTDINOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Real Income ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Model Complex ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Impact

According to Rosstat for 2020, the population of Russia as a result of its natural movement decreased by 688.7 thousand people. If the birth rate in relation to 2019 decreased by 3.0%, then mortality increased by 17.9%. For many regions of the country (oddly enough, in the first place of its European part), the situation turned out to be even more difficult. At the same time, heterogeneous factors had an impact on each other - a change in the age structure of the population, the COVID-19 pandemic, a decrease in real income, etc. Under these conditions, the problem of obtaining accurate predictive assessments of the situation development in order to develop government policies to improve it is updated. Objectively necessary is the introduction of relevant information systems built on the basis of integrated economic and mathematical models. In this regard, the article discusses the development and application of modern tools for analyzing and predicting the development of territorial systems, including demographic aspects. It is indicated that a significant factor is the development of the social infrastructure of the territory. A system of criteria and indicators are proposed to assess the impact of its level of development on demographic processes. In particular, areas such as health care, education, culture and leisure, housing, trade and services are considered. An approach to the formation of integral indicators in various areas of life of society and an example of developing regression equations based on them is presented. It is noted that in different regions of the country, the degree of influence of the level of development of social infrastructure on demographic processes may differ significantly, which requires accounting within the framework of the model being formed. The possibility and need to build a decision support system based on the obtained model complex and is defined by such a toolkit in the strategic development management system of the region. The key stages of developing tools are described. The results obtained can be used as part of modeling changes in the demographic potential of regions in the context of the transformation of the territorial settlement system.

Demographic basis of rural territories state support in the EU countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Georgievna Golovina ◽  
Ivan Nikolaevich Mikolaychik ◽  
Ekaterina Viktorovna Abilova ◽  
Lidia Nikolaevna Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Government Support ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Eu

Demographic processes observed within the boundaries of European Union rural areas, including a decrease in the rural population, unfavorable changes in its age composition, deterioration in health, an increase in mortality for various reasons, and especially in connection with the pandemic COVID-19, cause new serious problems that require an active state intervention, namely the development and application of government support various forms. The purpose of the study, the results of which are presented in this article, is generalization and analysis of the available statistical material on rural demography in the EU countries over the past few decades, identification of the main trends and problems in the development of their rural areas, general characteristics those components of the Common Agricultural Policy that are aimed directly at rural development in the current conditions. The work uses survey and analytical research methods that are suitable for studying a large amount of data over a long period of time, including information regarding the demography of the EU countries, presented in the sources of global statistics. The hypotheses verifi ed in the course of the study allowed, in the end, to conclude that negative demographic processes in some countries of the European Union correlate with the phenomena observed in domestic demography and, as a result, determine similar problems and directions for their solution, the growth of the rural population, recorded in some countries (especially in connection with the coronavirus crisis and its consequences), generates many important tasks in the development of rural areas, as it is accompanied by an additional need for jobs, infrastructure facilities, services that important for life. The conclusions obtained during the research of demographic processes in the EU countries are advisable for using as, firstly, a starting point in further research to identify the possibilities for incorporating the European experience in supporting rural areas in domestic economic practice, and secondly, conceptual ideas in determining the content of the relevant public policy.

scholarly journals Alternative scenarios of the demographic development of rural Russia: analysis and forecast

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (108) ◽  
pp. 11-32
Author(s):  
Tatiana Viktorovna-Blinova ◽  
◽  
Svetlana Gennadievna-Bylina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Size And Age Structure ◽  
Alternative Scenarios ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the study is to discuss the alternative scenarios of the demographic development of rural Russia. The Covid-19 coronavirus pandemic has changed the demographic situation in Russia: mortality and natural population decline increased, while the birth rate decreased. Ba-sed on the cohort-component method, we projected the rural population size and age structure for the period 2024-2049. Six alternative scenarios were developed: three with zero migration (without taking into account the impact of migration changes on the rural population) and three with migration. Therefore, the migration outflow coefficient was included in the three forecasting scenarios. However, the inflow of some urban population to the countryside is not ruled out. The results show that the population of rural Russia will decrease from 37.3 million (2019) to 29.6–33.1 million people (2049). The age structure of the population will change, the demogra-phic aging of rural areas will continue.

Rural multifunctional social centers and their investment potential: from foreign experience to domestic practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Vladimir Gennadievich Novikov ◽  
Elena Ivanovna Semenova ◽  
Andrey Gennadievich Paptsov ◽  
Elena Vladimirovna Shestakova
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Urban Labor Markets

Other features of the modern Russian rural society include the weakening of the position of agriculture itself, the increasing diversity of rural employment, the formation of rural-urban labor markets, all of which are directly related to the saturation of rural areas with urban residents, which gives impetus to the use of innovative forms of investment activity in the social sphere of emerging rural agglomerations. At the same time, the tasks set in the new State Program "Integrated Development of Rural Territories" (the beginning of implementation of which falls on January 2020) are not large-scale both to the existing networks of rural social services, and to the system of rural settlement and the nature of demographic processes in rural areas of Russia. There is an institutional imbalance, in which the management of the infrastructural development of the rural sociosphere is extremely difficult, and requires the introduction of new mechanisms, including related. The purpose of the study is to summarize the domestic and foreign experience of creating multifunctional public centers in rural areas, as well as to identify the possibility of realizing their investment potential. It is shown that the functioning of multifunctional public centers is an effective method for improving the quality of life of the rural population in the socio-cultural, socioeducational, social and leisure, social and household, tourist and educational spheres. The generalization of foreign experience allows us to distinguish centers by their functions (on the basis of educational institutions, cultural institutions, leisure centers); by spatial solution (in one building or several buildings); by location in a settlement (in the center of a settlement, near a transport hub, in an inter-settlement equidistant space). The domestic experience of providing multidisciplinary services to the rural population is primarily associated with two integrated approaches, when the resource-based approach.

scholarly journals Infrastructure support for social development of rural areas of the Kiev region

2019 ◽  
pp. 76-88
Author(s):  
D. Utechenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Rural Sector ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
And Migration

The article is devoted to the problems of development of rural territories. Considered topical issues, the reasons for imperfect infrastructure support, analysis and proposed ways to overcome the problems of rural lag in the development of social infrastructure. Various scientific approaches to the interpretation of the concept of social infrastructure have been investigated. The article contains the results of researches of the rural sector of Ukraine in the context of the region – the Kiev region. The functions of the socio-territorial subsystem, which provides functioning of the rural sector, and its connection with the processes of reproduction of the labor force are analyzed. The results of the analysis based on the settlement of the rural population, social conditions of the peasants' life, living conditions and the tendencies of its reproduction are contained. The study of statistical data, allowed to highlight certain changes that arose on the basis of structural changes and dynamics of the rural population of the Kiev region. Are identified regions of the Kiev region, which can be attributed to a group of depressive according to the age category of residents living in them, based on the analysis of natural movement, migration and development prospects of rural settlements. According to the statistics of the natural movement and migration of the rural population, the aging of the nation and high mortality rates are also noted. The list of objects of social purpose is presented, and attention is focused on provision of rural settlements with these objects and networks of engineering infrastructure. An example of the administrative and economic centers of the metropolitan region, analysis and description (distance, number of flights, centers of social services) of the transport accessibility of service centers for non-central villagers has been carried out. The studies allowed to study the network of social infrastructure of rural settlements, as a result of which the areas of commercialization of social sectors, including utilities and engineering infrastructure, were identified. It is proved that infrastructure provision creates preconditions for the socio-economic development of rural areas and the country as a whole. Key words: rural territories, development, social infrastructure, quality of life, services.

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