scholarly journals POLA PEMUKIMAN KAMPUNG ADAT ANAKALANG: KEBERLANJUTAN BUDAYA MEGALITIK DI SUMBA TENGAH

KALPATARU ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Retno Handini

AbstractThis research aims to determine how the settlement pattern of Anakalang community in Central Sumba which are supporters of the megalithic tradition. This research also aims to determine the extent of sustainability of megalithic culture in the Anakalang region. The research methods carried out were participation observation, in-depth interviews and literature studies. Through the participatory observation method, the author is easier to know and understand the interconnectedness of the cultural elements of the Sumba community, especially concerning the place of residence. In-depth interview techniques were carried out on the informants. The results of the study show that the pattern of occupancy of traditional villages in Anakalang is almost entirely linear with houses facing each other, in the middle part of the village is a field (talora) where there are stone graves and traditional rituals are performed. Although many old traditional villages were abandoned and they established villages in new places, the strong kinship made the Anakalang community always return to their villages if there were traditional ritual events. As a settlement that has the characteristics of a megalithic tradition, traditional houses in Anakalang are almost certainly always associated with stone graves and menhirs. The establishment of stone tombs and traditional rituals are united in the daily lives of the Anakalang community, with a background of religious conceptions that are seen as ancestral heritage that must be held firmly. The variety of megalithic cultures in Anakalang has through the time period in a theoretical way, and continues to this day as a tradition. Keywords: Residential pattern, megalithic, Anakalang, Sumba Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pola pemukiman masyarakat Anakalang di Sumba Tengah  yang merupakan pendukung tradisi megalitik. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana keberlanjutan budaya megalitik di wilayah Anakalang.   Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah observasi partisipasi, wawancara mendalam dan studi pustaka. Melalui metode observasi partisipasi,  penulis lebih mudah untuk mengetahui dan memahami keterkaitan unsur-unsur budaya masyarakat Sumba terutama menyangkut tempat tinggal. Teknik wawancara mendalam dilakukan terhadap para informan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola pemukiman kampung adat di Anakalang hampir seluruhnya  berbentuk linier dengan rumah yang saling berhadapan, di bagian tengah kampung merupakan lapangan (talora) tempat kubur-kubur batu dan tempat melakukan ritual adat. Meski banyak kampung adat lama ditinggalkan dan mendirikan kampung di tempat baru   namun kuatnya kekerabatan membuat masyarakat Anakalang  selalu kembali ke kampung asal jika ada acara ritual adat. Sebagai pemukiman yang memiliki ciri tradisi megalitik, rumah adat di Anakalang hampir pasti selalu berasosiasi dengan kubur-kubur batu dan menhir.  Pendirian kubur batu dan ritual adat menyatu dalam keseharian masyarakat Anakalang, dengan latar belakang konsepsi religi yang dipandang sebagai warisan nenek moyang yang harus dipegang teguh. Ragam budaya megalitik di Anakalang telah menembus batas periode waktu secara teoritis, dan berlangsung hingga kini sebagai sebuah tradisi. Kata kunci : Pola hunian, megalitik, Anakalang, Sumba 

AMERTA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Retno Handini

The study of the stone grave in Anakalang aims to find out the position of the stone grave in the Sumba community. The research methods carried out were participation observation, in-depth interviews, and literature studies. In-depth interview techniques were carried out on key informants, namely traditional elders, marapu leaders (rato), leaders of tengi watu (paaung watu), and the organizers of the pulling stone ritual. The results of the study show that the stone grave is a key artifact that has served as the identity of the Sumba people since hundreds of years ago. The stone grave in Anakalang has an irreplaceable function to date even though it began to be known as cement graves. The establishment of stone graves and the ritual of pulling stones are united in the daily lives of the Anakalang people with a background of religious conceptions which are seen as ancestral heritage that must be held firmly. The variety of megalithic cultures on Sumba has penetrated the time period in a theoretical way, and continues to this day as a tradition. Sacrifice, dedication, and respect for ancestors is the answer to why Sumba people, especially Anakalang, still maintain the existence of stone graves.Penelitian kubur batu di Anakalang bertujuan untuk mengetahui posisi kubur batu pada masyarakat Sumba. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah observasi partisipasi, wawancara mendalam, dan studi pustaka. Teknik wawancara mendalam dilakukan terhadap para informan kunci, yakni tetua/tokoh adat, pemimpin marapu (rato), pemimpin tengi watu (paaung watu), dan pihak penyelenggara ritual tarik batu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kubur batu adalah artefak kunci yang berperan sebagai identitas diri masyarakat Sumba sejak ratusan tahun lalu sampai sekarang. Kubur batu di Anakalang memiliki fungsi yang tidak tergantikan sampai saat ini meski mulai dikenal kubur dari semen. Pendirian kubur batu dan ritual tarik batu menyatu dalam keseharian masyarakat Anakalang dengan latar belakang konsepsi religi yang dipandang sebagai warisan nenek moyang yang harus dipegang teguh. Ragam budaya megalitik di Sumba telah menembus batas periode waktu secara teoretis dan berlangsung hingga kini sebagai sebuah tradisi. Pengorbanan, dedikasi, dan rasa hormat pada leluhur adalah jawaban mengapa masyarakat Sumba, khususnya Anakalang, tetap mempertahankan keberadaan kubur batu.


Author(s):  
Istiqomah Marfuah ◽  
Muhammad Rawa El Amady

This research discussed the Kampong Adat in Minas Barat Village, Minas District, Siak Regency. Regional Regulation Number 2 concerning the determination of Kampong Adat had issued since 2015. However, the completeness of requirements for the Ministry of Home Affairs approval has not been completed until November 2021. This study used an ethnography design; the researcher lived in the research site for two months. The data were collected by participatory observation, in-depth interviews with selected informants due to their knowledge and experience in the establishment of Kampong Adat. The data were analyzed descriptively by discussing with theory and resulted in the general trend as this research's findings. This research found, first, Since Minas Barat Village of determined as Kampong Adat, the community of Sakai Tribe have been minority citizen. Second, the Sakai community has some difficulties preparing the complete requirements for approval of the Ministry of Home Affairs because there are many interests involved in the village. Third, the government has not given severe attempts for Kampong Adat. The government let the completeness of approval has not yet been fulfilled for almost seven years. This study contributed to the anthropology of policy, specifically for indigenous peoples, in issuing affirmative policies to fulfill the rights of indigenous peoples.


Author(s):  
Umul Hidayati

AbstractThe research entitled Madrasah Innovation Through the Implementation of Madrasa Research (Case Study at MAN 1 Jembrana Bali) was motivated by the 2013 Ministry of Religion's Suryadarma Ali policy on the Research Madrasah Program. But apparently this policy is not accompanied by other policies that support it such as the preparation of implementation guidelines as a reference for the implementation, budgeting policies, provision/guidance of personnel, and the provision of adequate infrastructure. This then raises problems for madrasas that are starting to pilot research madrasas, so that the implementation cannot be carried out optimally. This study aims to see how the implementation of research madrassas in MAN 1 Jembrana is seen from several components such as infrastructure, staffing, financing, curriculum and madrasa head policies in administration. This study uses qualitative methods, with approaches phenomenological and socio historical. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document study. The results showed that the pioneering research madrasas at MAN 1 Jembrana had been carried out seriously, but the research activities had not been running optimally because there were still several obstacles such as the lack of a special research budget available from DIPA, there was no special research space available, there was no available research supervisors, limited laboratory staff, and the absence of operational guidelines/technical guidelines as guidelines for implementation. AbstrakPenelitian berjudul Inovasi Madrasah Melalui Penyelenggaraan Madrasah Riset (Studi Kasus di MAN 1 Jembrana Bali) dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya kebijakan Kementerian Agama Suryadarma Ali tahun 2013 tentang Program Madrasah Riset. Namun ternyata kebijakan ini tidak dibarengi dengan kebijakan lain yang mendukungnya seperti penyusunan pedoman pelaksanaan sebagai acuan penyelenggaraan, kebijakan penganggaran, penyediaan/pembinaan ketenagaan, maupun penyediaan sarana prasarana yang memadai. Hal ini kemudian menimbulkan persoalan bagi madrasah-madrasah yang mulai melakukan rintisan penyelenggaraan madrasah riset, sehingga dalam penyelenggaraannya tidak dapat dilakukan secara maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana penyelenggaraan madrasah riset di MAN 1 Jembrana dilihat dari beberapa komponen seperti sarana prasarana, ketenagaan, pembiayaan, kurikulum dan kebijakan kepala madrasah dalam penyelenggaraan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan pendekatan fenomenologis dan sosio historis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui in-depth interview, participatory observation, dan document studies. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rintisan penyelenggaraan madrasah riset di MAN 1 Jembrana sudah dilaksanakan dengan serius, namun kegiatan riset belum berjalan maksimal karena masih adanya beberapa kendala seperti belum tersedia anggaran khusus riset dari DIPA, belum tersedia ruang khusus riset, belum tersedia tenaga pembimbing riset, terbatasnya tenaga laboran, dan belum adanya juklak/juknis sebagai pedoman penyelenggaraan.


2021 ◽  
Vol 317 ◽  
pp. 01012
Author(s):  
Suharyo ◽  
Khothibul Umam ◽  
Fajrul Falah ◽  
Gregorius Tri Hendrawan Manurung

The research aimed to investigate the event of Pangung Kahanan and its cultural strategy amidst the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used in the research was the Sociology of Art approach, focusing on the event and artwork productions during the three editions of Panggung Kahanan. The data were collected from the interviews with the artists involved in Panggung Kahanan and the committee/team of Panggung Kahanan. The data collection methods used in the research were observation and in-depth interviews. The observation method covered the data related to the production of Panggung Kahanan event. The in-depth interview method covered the data related to the concept of the Panggung Kahanan event. The analytical method used in the research was to investigate how far Panggung Kahanan impacted the art ecosystem in Central Java and what kind of cultural strategy was applied for the resilience of Indonesian art and culture amidst the Covid-19 pandemic. The research showed that Panggung Kahanan could model an art and cultural event amidst social distancing and strict health protocol. Amidst the pandemic, preserving this kind of cultural strategy becomes essential.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-126
Author(s):  
Laili Choirul Ummah

Acculturation is a social process arising from a particular culture which is confronted with other cultural elements, so that these elements can be accepted without losing their own cultural character. This study focuses on the interaction of the Qurʻan with Javanese culture, especially on the procession of traditions that undergoes Islamization, where Al-Qurʻan is involved in it. This occurs during the recitation of Surah of Yūsuf and Maryam in the seventh-month tradition (mitoni) in Jurug village, Mojosongo District, Boyolali Regency. The research problems discussed in this study are the causes which arises the factors of the emergence of a new culture, the factors that indicate the recitation of the Surah of Yūsuf and Maryam of Jurug village people. This study uses a qualitative research method. Data collection of this study uses participatory observation, including; interviews, observation, and documentation. With this acculturation concept, the researcher sees how the Qur'an began to infiltrate the daily lives of Jurug village people, and then uses it in the implementation of mitoni tradition by reciting the Surah of Yūsuf and Maryam in the procession of it. From the available data, as well as from the concept of acculturation, the researcher comes to a conclusion that the recitation of surah of Yūsuf and Maryam in Jurug village disseminates and grows as a norm that is believed to bring goodness and blessings to the mother and the baby she is carrying. Keywords: Acculturation, culture, Islamization, mitoni, recitation of Surah of Yūsuf and Maryam


2021 ◽  
Vol 317 ◽  
pp. 01011
Author(s):  
Khothibul Umam ◽  
Suharyo ◽  
Fajrul Falah ◽  
Gregorius Tri Hendrawan Manurung

The research aimed to investigate three cultural events: Panggung Kahanan, Lembah Gana Festival, and Semarang musicians' movement, along with their cultural strategy amidst the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used in the research was the Sociology of Art approach, focusing on the event and artwork productions. The data were collected from the interviews with the artists involved in Panggung Kahanan and Lembah Gana Festival events and Semarang musicians. The data collection methods used in the research were observation and in-depth interviews. The observation method covered the data related to the event and work productions. The in-depth interview covered the data related to the event and work concepts. The analytical method used in the research was to investigate how far the art experiment had an impact on the performing arts ecosystem in Central Java and the cultural strategy for the art and cultural resilience amidst the Covid-19 pandemic. The research showed that the Covid-19 pandemic opened many new opportunities to continue experimenting and adapting in the art and cultural areas in Central Java.


2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Magdalena Salindeho ◽  
Lintje Kalangi ◽  
Jessy Warongan

Abstract. This study aims to analyze the Management and Utilization of Village Funds in District Damau Talaud Islands. This is a qualitative exploratory research. Data were obtained by in-depth interviews, observation and documentation study. Key informants were determined by purposive sampling to obtain correct and accurate information. Informants are Village Devices, Village Assistants, Religious Leaders and Customary People. Interviews were conducted by semi-structured in-depth interviews for about 45 to 60 minutes. The triangulation method was used in testing the validity or credibility of data and data sources. Interviews were transcribed into data transcriptions. The results of the interpretation are summarized in the narrative text. The results indicate that the management and utilization of village funds (starting from their planning, executing, administrating and responsibility) are conducted in accordance with Permendagri Number 113 year 2014. This research also found that there are several obstacles in the Management and Utilization of Village Funds in District Damau, for instance the regulations obstruct structure bureaucracy. Those regulations governing the planning process do not match the basic needs of the existing priorities in the village. Other obstacles are limited knowledge and understanding of human resources, ineffective communication between the village head and other village apparatus or between the village head and the community. It is thus the Permendesa must be in accordance with the situation and conditions in the village, so that the planning process can answer the basic needs of the priorities in the village. In addition, guidance and supervision from local government should be more effective including local government should conduct socialization and guide the village treasurer to understand SISKEUDES sufficiently.Keywords: Management of Village Funds, Benefit of Village Funds, Village Fund Issues.Abstrak. Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis Pengelolaan Dan Pemanfaatan Dana Desa Di Kecamatan Damau Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan eksploratif. Data diperoleh melalui teknik wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumentasi. Informan kunci ditentukan secara purposive sampling untuk mendapatkan hasil informasi yang tepat dan akurat. Para informan adalah Perangkat Desa, Pendamping Desa dan Tokoh Agama. Wawancara menggunakan In-depth interview jenis semi terstruktur selama 45 hingga 60 menit. Metode triangulasi digunakan dalam pengujian validitas atau kredibilitas data dan sumber data. Hasil interpretasi disimpulkan dalam teks naratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam proses pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan Dana Desa mulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, penatausahaan, pelaporan dan pertanggungjawaban sudah mengacu pada Permendagri Nomor 113 Tahun 2014. Penelitian ini juga menemukan beberapa hambatan dalam pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan dana desa, misalnya regulasi yang menyebabkan hambatan dalam struktur birokrasi. Regulasi yang mengatur pada proses perencanaan tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan dasar prioritas yang ada di desa. Hambatan lainnya adalah keterbatasan pengetahuan dan pemahaman sumber daya manusia, komunikasi yang tidak efektif antara kepala desa dengan perangkat desa lainnya maupun antara kepala desa dengan masyarakat. Dengan demikian seharusnya regulasi turun sebelum dilaksanakannya musrembang desa sehingga pada saat usulan sampai pada penetapan APBDesa sesuai dengan situasi dan kondisi yang ada di desa supaya proses perencanaan dapat menjawab kebutuhan dasar prioritas di desa. Pembinaan dan pengawasan dari pemerintah daerah juga harus lebih efektif serta pemerintah daerah harus mengadakan sosialisasi dan bimbingan kepada bendahara desa tentang SISKEUDES.Kata Kunci: Pengelolaan Dana Desa, Manfaat Dana Desa, Hambatan Dana Desa. 


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Widowati ◽  
Gede Ginaya ◽  
Ni Nyoman Triyuni

Tamansari village, which is located at the foot of Mount Ijen, can be a new tourist alternative in Banywangi, East Java. The existence of the village with its potential is one of the pilot villages in the Mount Ijen area and is expected to increase sales value and be integrated with the Tourist Information Center (TIC) of Banyuwangi District Tourism. The fact that the Banyuwangi Regency Government and BCA, one of the major banks in Indonesia has collaborated in developing this Tamansari tourism village, so helix collaborates to actively provide assistance to the community has taken place in order to be able to further develop the potential of Taman Sari village. This qualitative study aims at investigating the role of collaborative stakeholders of the local governments, entrepreneurs, the academicians, the media, and the community ??in the development of Tamansari village ecotourism. The data is obtained through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and document studies. The study reveals that the development of Tamansari village ecotourism requires the involvement of five parties to accelerate its maximum development as synergizing stakeholders can lead the community to achieve the goal of developing the potential of agritourism in Tamansari village.


2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Komang Trisna Pratiwi Arcana ◽  
Kadek Wiweka

This study discussed the concept of sustainable tourism development which used participation-based of local communities in northern Bali, especially in Ambengan village in accordance with the concept of community-based tourism (CBT). To achieve the objectives of the research, this study has identified potential Ambengan village as a community-based tourism products, which consists of; attraction, accessibilities, amenities, ancillaries, activity, and community involvement. Followed by observation method, which were analyzed by using a life-cycle model of destination, it is known that Ambengan village as a tourist destination are in phase with the attitude of the community involvement is at euphoria. However, for determining the form of community participation, this study using in-depth interviews were subsequently combined with secondary data, and then be assessed in accordance with the principles of community-based tourism (CBT). The research results indicate that this form of public participation in the management Ambengan village is at the level of participation Degree of Tokenism (informing, consultation, and placation) of goverment. Ambengan villagers have not totally get involved, and then by developing the concept of CBT, hopefully it will be able to packaging tourism products at Ambengan village with better and in accordance with the character of the village.


2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Rizki Aprilian Wijaya ◽  
Subhechanis Saptanto

Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) merupakan input produksi penting bagi nelayan. Pada awal tahun2014, terdapat wacana untuk menghapus subsidi BBM untuk nelayan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untukmenganalis persepsi nelayan terhadap kemungkinan kebijakan pencabutan subsidi BBM dan menganalisisstrategi adaptasi nelayan terhadap kemungkinan pencabutan subsidi BBM. Lokasi penelitian berada diPelabuhan Perikanan Samudera (PPS) Nizam Zachman dan Pelabuhan Pendaratan Perikanan (PPI)Muara Angke di Provinsi D.K.I. Jakarta. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulandata dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam (in-depth Interview) kepada petugas pelabuhan, tokohnelayan, pemilik dan nahkoda kapal perikanan. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil kajianmenunjukan bahwa sebagian besar nelayan (khususnya nelayan kecil) menolak terhadap kebijakanpencabutan subsidi BBM. Jenis strategi adaptasi nelayan terhadap kemungkinan diberlakukannyakebijakan pencabutan subsidi BBM diantaranya adalah tidak melakukan aktivitas melaut dalam jangkawaktu tertentu, beralih pekerjaan ke sektor non perikanan maupun sektor perikanan lainnya dan mencarisolusi pemecahan masalah melalui kelompok.Title: Fishers Perception and Adaptation Strategy toFuel Subsidize RevocationFuel is an important production inputs for fishers. At the beginning of 2014, there was a discourseto remove fuel subsidies for fishers. This paper aims to analyze the perception of fishers to the possibilityof fuel subsidy removal policy and analyzing the adaptation strategies of fishers on the possible liftingof fuel subsidies. Locations of the study are in the Ocean Fishing Port (PPS) Nizam Zachman and Portof Fish Landing (PPI) Muara Angke in DKI Jakarta. The study was conducted through a qualitativeapproach. Data collected through in-depth interviews to the port officials, leaders of fishers, fishingvessel owners and captains. The data were analyzed descriptively. Results of the study showed thatmost of the fishers (particularly small fishing) refuse to fuel subsidy removal policy. Type of fishing forpossible adaptation strategies enactment of policies withdrawal of fuel subsidies which are not fishingactivity within a certain time period, switch jobs to the fisheries sector and other fisheries sector and seeksolutions through group problem solving.


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