PENCEGAHAN DAN PENANGGULANGAN PERKAWINAN ANAK BAGI REMAJA DAN KARANG TARUNA KELURAHAN LIMO KOTA DEPOK

2021 ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Kayus Kayowuan Lewoleba ◽  
Mulyadi Mulyadi ◽  
Satino Satino ◽  
Liva Wadillah

The problem of early marriage or child marriage is not a new problem in Indonesia and for countries in the world. Underage marriage is considered a serious problem because it raises controversy in society, not only in Indonesia but also a global issue. According to the Council of Foreign Relations, Indonesia is one of the ten countries in the world with the highest absolute number of child marriages and the second highest in ASEAN after Cambodia. It is estimated that one in five girls in Indonesia are married before they reach 18 years of age. In 2018 in Indonesia, 1 in 9 girls aged 20-24 were married before the age of 18, commonly known as child marriage. Child age should be a period for physical, emotional and social development before entering adulthood. The practice of child marriage is related to the fact that child marriage violates children's human rights, limiting their choices and opportunities. Every child has the right to survive, grow and develop as well as the right to protection from violence and discrimination as mandated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The selection of the Limo Village area as a partner area is due to the physical condition of the Limo area which is adjacent to UPNVJ, but more than that the selection of this location is because as a real contribution, the campus cares for the problems that occur in the community. The method of activity in this community service is carried out online because it coincides with the implementation of the Covid-19 Emergency PPKM, in the form of counseling on the topic "Prevention and Prevention of Child Marriage for Youth and Youth Organizations". The results of this community service activity, the participants became open to understanding and insight into the impact of early marriage, the role of parents to supervise adolescent children, especially in association so that children avoid promiscuity which results in pregnancy outside marriage. The importance of providing access in the form of convenience for children, especially girls, to gain knowledge about reproductive health and sex education so that children have the ability to take care of themselves. Other factors such as socio-cultural aspects, customs and religion contribute to the widespread practice of child marriage in certain areas.Masalah  perkawinan  usia  dini    atau perkawinan usia anak bukan merupakan masalah yang baru di Indonesia dan bagi negara-negara di dunia. Perkawinan di bawah umur dinilai menjadi masalah  serius  karena  memunculkan  kontroversi  di  masyarakat,  tidak  hanya  di Indonesia namun juga menjadi isu global. Menurut  Council of Foreign  Relations,  Indonesia  merupakan  salah  satu  dari  sepuluh  negara  di  dunia  dengan angka absolut tertinggi perkawinan anak dan  tertinggi kedua di ASEAN setelah Kamboja. Diperkirakan satu dari lima anak perempuan di Indonesia menikah sebelum mereka mencapai 18 tahun.Pada tahun 2018 di Indonesia, 1 dari 9 anak perempuan berusia 20-24 tahun menikah sebelum usia 18 tahun, lazim disebut perkawinan anak. Seharusnya usia anak merupakan masa bagi perkembangan fisik, emosional dan sosial sebelum memasuki masa dewasa. Praktik perkawinan anak berkaitan dengan fakta bahwa perkawinan anak melanggar hak asasi anak, membatasi pilihan serta peluang mereka. Setiap anak berhak atas kelangsungan hidup, tumbuh dan berkembang serta berhak atas perlindungan dari kekerasan dan diskriminasi sebagaimana diamanatkan dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945.   Pemilihan wilayah Kelurahan Limo sebagai  wilayah mitra karena kondisi wilayah Limo  yang berdekatan dengan UPNVJ secara fisik, namun lebih dari itu  pemilihan  lokasi ini karena sebagai kontribusi nyata, kepedulian  kampus terhadap masalah-masalah yang terjadi di masyarakat . Adapun metode kegiatan dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah   dilakukan secara daring karena bertepatan dengan pemberlakuan  PPKM Darurat Covid-19, berupa penyuluhan dengan topik “Penaggulangan dan Pencegahan Perkawinan Anak Bagi  Remaja dan Karang Taruna “ . Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini para peserta  menjadi terbuka  pemahaman dan wawasannya akan dampak dari pernikahan dini, peran dari orang tua untuk melakukan pengawasan terhadap anak-anak remaja terutama dalam pergaulan agar anak-anak terhindar dari pergaulan bebas yang  mengakibatkan trejadinya kehamilan diluar nikah.  Pentingnya memberikan akses berupa kemudahan kepada anak-anak  terutama anak perempuan untuk mendapatkan  pengetahuan tentang kesehatan reproduksi dan pendidikan seks  agar anak-anak mempunyai kemmapuan  menjaga diri. Faktor lain seperti  aspek sosial budaya, adat istiadat dan agama  memberi kontribusi terhadap maraknya praktek pernikahan usia anak pada beberapa wilayah tertentu.

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
Syamsia Syamsia ◽  
Abubakar Idhan ◽  
Juliani Ibrahim ◽  
Muh.Yunus Ali ◽  
Abd Rahkim Nanda ◽  
...  

AbstrakStunting merupakan kondisi pertumbuhan anak yang tidak sesuai umurnya karena tidak mendapatkan asupan gizi dalam jumlah tepat dalam waktu yang lama. Kabupaten Lombok Barat merupakan salah satu daerah dengan prevalensi stunting yang tinggi. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang melibatkan mahasiswa Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Muhammadiyah Aisyiah (KKN MAS) di Kabupaten Lombok Barat ini bertujuan untuk:1) meningkatkan keterampilan mahasiswa sebagai sasaran antara yang strategis dalam meningkatkan partispasi masyarakat melalui sosialisasi dan edukasi pola hidup sehat; 2) melibatkan mahasiswa dalam peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat dalam penanggulangan stunting di Kabupaten Lombok Barat; 3) mengembangakan pola pemberdayaan kolaboratif melalui pendampingan dalam transfer ipteks secara luas; 4) meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat dalam penanggulangan stunting. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah sosialisasi dan edukasi pola hidup sehat. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah mahasiswa terlibat secara langsung dalam kegiatan sosialisasi dan edukasi pola hidup sehta yang dilakukan secara dor to dor kepada ibu-ibu, dan sosialisasi dan penyuluhan parameter gizi seimbang kepada kader posyandu, serta “sex education” pada siswa. Kegiatan KKN MAS di Lombok Barat terlaksana sesuai dengan yang diharapakan berkat kerjasama peserta KKN MAS, masyarakat, dan pemerintah. Kata Kunci: gizi, pernikahan dini, sex education. AbstractStunting is a growth condition of children that is not appropriate for their age because they do not get the right amount of nutrition for a long time. West Lombok Regency is one of the areas with a high prevalence of stunting. The purpose of community service activities involving Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Muhammadiyah Aisyiyah (KKN MAS) in West Lombok Regency aims to: 1) improve student skills as strategic intermediate targets in increasing community participation through socialization and education on healthy lifestyles; 2) involving students in increasing community participation in stunting prevention in West Lombok Regency; 3) developing collaborative empowerment patterns through assistance in broad science and technology transfer; 4) increase community participation in stunting prevention. The method used in this activity is socialization and education on healthy lifestyles. The result of this activity is that students are directly involved in socialization and education activities for healthy lifestyles which are carried out door-to-door to mothers, and socialization and counseling of balanced nutrition parameters to posyandu cadres, as well as "sex education" to students. KKN MAS activities in West Lombok were carried out as expected thanks to the collaboration of KKN MAS participants, the community, and the governmentKey Word: nutrition, early marriage, sex education


Laws ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Tameshnie Deane

Child marriage is a harmful and discriminatory global practice, robbing millions of girls of their childhood. Global attention and momentum to end early marriage has increased over the years; however, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has affected this progress. It has been predicted that over the next decade up to 10–13 million more girls will be at risk of child marriage because of the pandemic. Since Niger has consistently had the highest rate of child marriage in the world, this study will explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on child marriages within the west and African region but specifically within Niger. This article will look at past response efforts to other pandemics, specifically Ebola, and show how the girl-child remains disproportionately disadvantaged, especially during pandemics. The article will conclude with recommendations on the importance of incorporating a gender analysis into preparedness and response efforts to eliminate child marriages.


Author(s):  
Rawan Yahia Alqahs

The study aimed to reveal the most prominent social regulations and systems related to the role of parents in the family in the CEDAW Convention, in addition to clarifying the impact of the application of this agreement on the Muslim family. To achieve this, the descriptive analytical approach was used, and content analysis was used as a tool for analysing the articles and clauses contained in the International Convention, and the study was applied to a sample, namely the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, and this convention was chosen because the majority of its provisions relate to the family in addition to the accession of many Arab and Islamic countries. The study has reached a number of conclusions: The Convention does not take into account the religious and cultural specificity of some societies. The Convention also seeks to impose a secular vision on the world by abolishing the shariah provisions relating to the family. They call for the abuse of men over women in the family by changing the roles of women and men in the family and by establishing the principle of power-sharing and responsibility among them. In addition to imposing the Western family model on the world by taking away the guardianship of fathers over children. The government's decision to amend the Law on The Rights of Women and The Rights of Women is a matter of priority. The convention also calls for women's freedom to travel and Muslim countries have given women the right to travel without the guardian's permission, which, if exploited negatively, will affect family construction. The study made some recommendations, the most important of which were: raising families' awareness of family rights and duties in the light of the teachings of Islam through various media. The formation of a committee of various disciplines (political, religious and social) to study the content of international conventions of various dimensions before signing them.


Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Colin Eady

For 30 years, forage ryegrass breeding has known that the germplasm may contain a maternally inherited symbiotic Epichloë endophyte. These endophytes produce a suite of secondary alkaloid compounds, dependent upon strain. Many produce ergot and other alkaloids, which are associated with both insect deterrence and livestock health issues. The levels of alkaloids and other endophyte characteristics are influenced by strain, host germplasm, and environmental conditions. Some strains in the right host germplasm can confer an advantage over biotic and abiotic stressors, thus acting as a maternally inherited desirable ‘trait’. Through seed production, these mutualistic endophytes do not transmit into 100% of the crop seed and are less vigorous than the grass seed itself. This causes stability and longevity issues for seed production and storage should the ‘trait’ be desired in the germplasm. This makes understanding the precise nature of the relationship vitally important to the plant breeder. These Epichloë endophytes cannot be ‘bred’ in the conventional sense, as they are asexual. Instead, the breeder may modulate endophyte characteristics through selection of host germplasm, a sort of breeding by proxy. This article explores, from a forage seed company perspective, the issues that endophyte characteristics and breeding them by proxy have on ryegrass breeding, and outlines the methods used to assess the ‘trait’, and the application of these through the breeding, production, and deployment processes. Finally, this article investigates opportunities for enhancing the utilisation of alkaloid-producing endophytes within pastures, with a focus on balancing alkaloid levels to further enhance pest deterrence and improving livestock outcomes.


2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Beyeler ◽  
Hanspeter Kriesi

This article explores the impact of protests against economic globalization in the public sphere. The focus is on two periodical events targeted by transnational protests: the ministerial conferences of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the annual meetings of the World Economic Forum (WEF). Based on a selection of seven quality newspapers published in different parts of the world, we trace media attention, support of the activists, as well as the broader public debate on economic globalization. We find that starting with Seattle, protest events received extensive media coverage. Media support of the street activists, especially in the case of the anti-WEF protests, is however rather low. Nevertheless, despite the low levels of support that street protesters received, many of their issues obtain wide public support.


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Saghafi ◽  
Mohamad Fotouhi ◽  
Giangiacomo Minak

This paper reviews recent works on the application of nanofibers and nanoparticle reinforcements to enhance the interlaminar fracture toughness, to reduce the impact induced damage and to improve the compression after impact performance of fiber reinforced composites with brittle thermosetting resins. The nanofibers have been mainly used as mats embedded between plies of laminated composites, whereas the nanoparticles have been used in 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D dimensional patterns to reinforce the matrix and consequently the composite. The reinforcement mechanisms are presented, and a comparison is done between the different papers in the literature. This review shows that in order to have an efficient reinforcement effect, careful consideration is required in the manufacturing, materials selection and reinforcement content and percentage. The selection of the right parameters can provide a tough and impact resistant composite with cost effective reinforcements.


Sarwahita ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Mauna Mauna

Abstract: All children experience the process of growth and development in life. In order to reach optimal development, the child needs to get the appropriate stimulation provided with the right method. At the age of 0 to 7 years, children learn to use limbs so that the most appropriate stimulation for children aged 0 to 7 years is to use limbs as a medium of learning. This is in line with the techniques performed on sensory integration programs. But unfortunately not many parents know this. This issue often creates problems in child development. The purpose of this community service is to raise the awareness of parents to conduct teaching and learning process in ways appropriate to the age and stages of development owned by children so that children can be optimally developed. This activity is done by making activity planning, determining the location of activities and doing psychoeducation program on the parents of children at Darul Syifa Wal Aitam Foundation that located at Kranji, Bekasi. This activity is an attempt to improve parental knowledge about the importance of sensory integration and the impact it gains when the child's sensory is not well integrated. The benefit of this community service is the increased knowledge of parents about the use of sensory integration methods so that it can be used to optimize the growth of their children.   Abstrak: Semua anak mengalami proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dalam hidupnya. Agar perkembangannya dapat optimal, anak perlu mendapatkan stimulasi yang sesuai yang diberikan dengan metode yang tepat. Di usia 0 sampai 7 tahun anak belajar menggunakan anggota tubuhnya sehingga pemberian stimulasi yang paling tepat untuk anak usia 0 sampai 7 tahun adalah dengan menggunakan anggota tubuhnya sebagai media pembelajaran. Hal ini senada dengan teknik-teknik yang dilakukan pada program sensory integrasi. Namun sayangnya belum banyak orang tua yang mengetahui hal ini sehingga sering muncul permasalahan dalam perkembangan anak.Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan kesadaran orangtua untuk melakukan proses belajar mengajar dengan cara-cara yang sesuai dengan usia dan tahapan perkembangan yang dimiliki oleh anak sehingga anak dapat berkembang dengan optimal. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan membuat perencanaan kegiatan, menentukan lokasi kegiatan dan melakukan program psikoedukasi pada orangtua anak-anak pada yayasan Darul Syifa Wal Aitam Kranji, Bekasi. Kegiatan ini sebagai usaha untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan orangtua tentang pentingnya sensori integrasi dan dampak yang didapatkan apabila sensori anak tidak terintegrasi dengan baik. Manfaat dari pengabdian ini adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan orang tua tentang penggunaan metode sensori integrasi sehingga dapat digunakan untuk mengoptimalkan tumbuh kembang anakanaknya . 


Author(s):  
Tanima Das ◽  
Anup Adhikari

Background: Child marriage is a substantial barrier to social and economic development of a country and a primary concern for women’s health. In West Bengal, the practice of early marriage is still running especially in Muslim community. The present study was aimed to find out the impact of child marriage on nutritional status of mother in terms of BMI.Methods: 117 Muslim women from both North and South 24 Parganas districts of West Bengal were studied. All of them were from economically lower middle class group. Height, weight, age, age at marriage, age at 1st child birth, number of children, family income and other information were recorded.Results: During the study, the average age of 117 Muslim women was 28.4±3.7 years with a range of 21-41. Average age was 18.0±1.9 years when the Muslim women got married. 83.6% women who got married in childhood were in underweight category of which 15.8% were in severe thinness category. But 86.9% women who got married after 18 year were in normal weight category. Only 5.3% women of this group were in underweight category.Conclusions: Thinness of the mother was might be due to marriage before 18 year. Thus from the above study it could be concluded that child marriage had a negative impact on mother’s nutritional status in terms of BMI.


Several aircraft types are commonly used to perform many search and rescue missions throughout the world. Aircraft have been used because they are able to offer a bird’s eye view of the surrounding search areas. In general, these aircraft come in various shapes, sizes and weights, and have myriad capabilities in carrying rescued and/or injured personnel and also equipment for the search and medical operations during the search and rescue sorties. For an aircraft, takeoff gross weight is important because it will affect the flying performance of the aircraft. To perform an effective search and rescue mission, the right selection of aircraft is essential such that unnecessary resources are not being wasted. In line with this notion, this study examines the distribution of the maximum takeoff gross weight of aircraft that have been typically used in search and rescue sorties. This knowledge will help in the design of future aircraft for such missions and also narrowing the selection of existing aircraft to be used on that kind of operations. It is found from the data analysis that most current operators have been using medium-haul aircraft that have a takeoff gross weight between 4,301 kg and 8,600 kg.


Author(s):  
Robert Walters

Most people across the world automatically assume citizenship at birth or acquire citizenship by descent or naturalisation. Since the growth of the concept of citizenship from the French and American Revolutions, it has become an important principle to the nation state and individual. Citizenship is the right to have rights. However, the right to citizenship is limited. In some cases when territorial rule changes the citizenship laws may exclude individuals resident in the territory. This article compares the development of the first citizenship laws in Australia and Slovenia, and the impact that these new laws had on the residents of both states. The first citizenship laws established by Australia were in 1948. More than forty years later in 1990, when Slovenia finally obtained independence from the former Yugoslavia, the new country was able to establish their own citizenship laws. The result of the Slovenian citizenship laws saw many former Yugoslav citizens who were resident in Slovenia being without citizenship of any state. Subsequently, these people were declared stateless. On the other hand, for Australia, the outcome was relatively smooth with the transition from British subjects to Australian citizenship.


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