scholarly journals The Impact of Water and Ethanolic Extracts of Propolis on Fatty Acid Changes of Sardine Fillets

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1418-1425
Author(s):  
Aykut Burgut
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Pufa Content ◽  
Ethanolic Extract Of Propolis ◽  
The Impact

The polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of lipids in muscle of sardine were known as unstable to oxidation. Propolis is a natural compounds produced by honey bees from substances collected from parts of plants, buds, and exudates. Nowadays, the particular attention has been attributed to propolis underlying their antioxidant properties due to the presence of the flavonoids, phenolic acids, and ethers. The impact of water and ethanolic extract of propolis at doses of 0.4 and 0.8% on fatty acid changes of vacuum packaged sardine fillets were investigated during chill storage. The main fatty acids in sardine fillets were palmitic acid (C16:0), palmitoleic acid (C16:1), myristic acid (C14:0), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 n3), respectively. There was no significant differences in EPA and DHA between control and treated groups during storage apart from 4 and 11th day. Initial n6/n3 ratio in sardine fillet was 0.17. Group treated with 0.4 propolis ethanolic extract comprised lower n6/n3 ratio at 4, 11 and 13th days than that of other groups. Although the effects of propolis extracts on fatty acid composition of fish were variable, application of propolis ethanolic and water extracts on fish fillets at doses of 0.8% had a positive impact due to lead a better oxidative stability of PUFA content.

scholarly journals A sequence variant in the diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 gene influences palmitoleic acid content in pig muscle

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Solé ◽  
Roger Ros-Freixedes ◽  
Marc Tor ◽  
Ramona N. Pena ◽  
Joan Estany
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Sequence Variant ◽  
Sequence Variants ◽  
Triacylglycerol Synthesis ◽  
Pig Muscle

AbstractThe bulk of body fat in mammals is in the form of triacylglycerol. Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) catalyses the terminal step in triacylglycerol synthesis. The proximity of DGAT2 with stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) in the endoplasmic reticulum may facilitate provision of de novo SCD-mediated fatty acids as substrate for DGAT2. Here, we first searched for sequence variants in the DGAT2 gene to then validate their effect on fat content and fatty acid composition in muscle, subcutaneous fat and liver of 1129 Duroc pigs. A single nucleotide polymorphism in exon 9 (ss7315407085 G > A) was selected as a tag variant for the 33 sequence variants identified in the DGAT2 region. The DGAT2-G allele increased DGAT2 expression in muscle and had a positive impact on muscular C14 and C16 fatty acids at the expense of C18 fatty acids. Although there was no evidence for an interaction of DGAT2 with functional SCD genotypes, pigs carrying the DGAT2-G allele had proportionally more palmitoleic acid relative to palmitic acid. Our findings indicate that DGAT2 preferentially uptakes shorter rather than longer-chain fatty acids as substrate, especially if they are monounsaturated, and confirm that fatty acid metabolism in pigs is subjected to subtle tissue-specific genetic regulatory mechanisms.

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Fatty Acid Profile in the Diet of Patients in Psycho-neurological Hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (339) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Ilze Beitane ◽  
Alla Marisheva
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Pufa Content ◽  
Unsaturated Fat ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThere is a strong correlation between diet and mental health, and malnutrition can contribute to the development of various psycho-neurological diseases. Fatty acid profile plays an important role in the treatment of psycho-neurological diseases; therefore, the aim of the current study was to evaluate fatty acid profile in the diet of patients in three Latvian psycho-neurological hospitals. Latvian psycho-neurological hospitals submitted a detailed one-week menu. The information in the menus was processed using the Fineli program. Each menu identified the composition of fatty acids.The average fat concentration in different hospital menus ranged from 74.8 g to 96.1 g per day, where the concentration of saturated fatty acids ranged from 37.5 g to 47.7 g per day and the unsaturated fat concentration ranged from 35.9 g to 47 g per day. The n-3 PUFA content was consistent with the recommendations of a healthy individual, but it did not meet the needs of patients in a psycho-neurological hospital. The total eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid concentration in the hospital menus ranged from 0.03 to 0.13 g, which was significantly lower than recommended, whereas LA and ALA concentration in hospital menus is close to optimal. The trans-fatty acids concentration in hospital menus did not exceed 2.5 g per day, with the exception of one day in hospital No. 2.The impact of diet on the treatment of psycho-neurological diseases in Latvian psycho-neurological hospitals has not been sufficiently assessed.

scholarly journals Environmental factors regulate the fatty acid content of primary producers and consumers in a freshwater pond in a warming world

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarn Preet Parmar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Artificial Substrates ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Pufa Content ◽  
Warming World ◽  
The Impact

Examining the impact of abiotic factors on the fatty acid profile of freshwater organisms is an important step in predicting the potential effects of climate change. I designed and deployed a heating system to manipulate the water temperature of a large mesocosm (>300,000 L) within a pond to simulate future predictions. Heating was observed near the piping system but not throughout the water column. In a separate experiment, the seasonal and depth-related variance in biomass and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content of aquatic biofilm, grown on artificial substrates (unglazed ceramic tiles) was examined. Although summer biofilm typically had higher biomass and higher PUFA yield, fall biofilm typically contained higher PUFA content (standardized for biomass). Similarly, deeper biofilm accumulated higher organic matter but contained lower standardized PUFA content. These results suggest that abiotic factors may play a key role in determining the availability of nutritionally-important fatty acids in freshwater ecosystems.

Fatty acid profile of mixed tuna (Euthynnus spp.) oil and catfish (Clarias sp.) oil in different combinations

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudin Ibrahim ◽  
I K. Suwetja ◽  
Feny Mentang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosenoic Acid ◽  
Pufa Content ◽  
Tuna Fish

Title (Bahasa Indonesia): Profil asam lemak dari campuran minyak ikan tongkol (Euthynnus spp.) dan ikan lele (Clarias sp.) dalam berbagai perbandingan. The purpose of this study was to determine the fatty acid profile. Samples of mixed tuna (Euthynnus spp.) oil and catfish (Clarias sp.) oil of 1 ml : 1 ml, 1 ml : ¾ ml, and 1 ml : ½ ml ratio were prepared. The fatty acid profile analysis used gas chromatography. Results showed that saturated fatty acids (SFA) consisted of myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, eikosatetranoic acid and stearic acid. The SFA content in 1 ml: 1 ml ratio reached 42.79%, followed by 1 ml : ¾ ml ratio, 41.23 %,and then 1 ml : ½ ml ratio, 40.07 %. Mono unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) comprised palmitoleic acid, eicosenoic acid, and oleic acid. MUFA content was the highest, 28.19% at  1 ml: 1 ml ratio, followed by 1 ml : ¾ ml ratio, 26.66 %, and 1 ml : ½ ml ratio, 24.24%. Poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) consisted of linoleic acid, eicosatetranoic acid, EPA, and linolenic acid. PUFA content was 34.18% in 1 ml : 1 ml ratio, followed by 1 ml : ¾ ml ratio, 29.45 %, and 1 ml : ½ ml ratio, 22.89 %. As conclusion, the oil mixture of tuna fish (Euthynnus spp.) and catfish (Clarias sp.) contains saturated fatty acids (SFA), mono unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and poly unsaturated fattyacids (PUFA). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui profil asam lemak. Sampel minyak ikan campuran minyak ikan trongkol (Euthynnus spp.)dan ikan lele (Clarias sp.) dibuat dengan perbandingan 1 ml : 1 ml, 1 ml : ¾ ml dan 1 :ml : ½ ml. Analisis profil asam lemak menggunakan Gas Kromotografi (GC).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asam lemak jenuh (SFA) terdiri atas asam miristat, asam pentadekanoat, asam palmitat, asam eikosatetranoat dan asam stearat. Kandungan SFA pada perbandingan 1 ml : 1 ml sebesar 42,79%, 1 ml : ¾ ml sebesar 41,23%, dan 1 ml : ½ ml sebesar 40,07% . Asam lemak tidak jenuh tunggal (MUFA) terdiri atas asam palmitoleinat, asam eikosenat dan asam oleat. Kandungan MUFA pada perbandingan 1ml : 1 ml sebesar 28,19%, 1 ml : ¾ ml sebesar 26,66%, dan 1 ml : ½ ml sebesar 24,24%. Asam lemak tidak jenuh ganda (PUFA) terdiri atas asam linoleat, asam eikosatetranoat, EPA dan asam linolenat. Kandungan PUFA pada perbandingan 1 ml : 1 ml sebesar 34,18%, 1 ml : ¾ ml sebesar 29,45%, dan 1 ml : ½ ml sebesar 22,89%. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa campuran minyak ikan trongkol (Euthynnus spp.)dan ikan lele (Clarias sp.) mengandung asam lemak jenuh (SFA), asam lemak tidak jenuh tunggal (MUFA) dan asam lemak tidak jenuh ganda (PUFA).

scholarly journals Environmental factors regulate the fatty acid content of primary producers and consumers in a freshwater pond in a warming world

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarn Preet Parmar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Artificial Substrates ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Pufa Content ◽  
Warming World ◽  
The Impact

Examining the impact of abiotic factors on the fatty acid profile of freshwater organisms is an important step in predicting the potential effects of climate change. I designed and deployed a heating system to manipulate the water temperature of a large mesocosm (>300,000 L) within a pond to simulate future predictions. Heating was observed near the piping system but not throughout the water column. In a separate experiment, the seasonal and depth-related variance in biomass and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content of aquatic biofilm, grown on artificial substrates (unglazed ceramic tiles) was examined. Although summer biofilm typically had higher biomass and higher PUFA yield, fall biofilm typically contained higher PUFA content (standardized for biomass). Similarly, deeper biofilm accumulated higher organic matter but contained lower standardized PUFA content. These results suggest that abiotic factors may play a key role in determining the availability of nutritionally-important fatty acids in freshwater ecosystems.

scholarly journals Salmonids as Natural Functional Food Rich in Omega-3 PUFA

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2409
Author(s):  
Wojciech Kolanowski
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Salmonid Fish ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Pufa Content ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Fish Fillets ◽  
Food Market

Salmonids are valuable fish in the human diet due to their high content of bioactive omega-3 very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (VLC PUFA). The aim of this study was to assess the omega-3 VLC PUFA content in selected salmonid fish present on the food market regarding whether they were farm-raised or wild. It was assumed that farm-raised fish, by eating well-balanced feed enriched with omega-3 PUFA, might contain omega-3 VLC PUFA in levels similar to that of wild fish. Fat content, fatty acid composition and omega-3 VLC PUFA content in fish fillets were measured. Farm-raised salmon from Norway, wild Baltic salmon, farm-raised rainbow trout and brown trout were bought from a food market whereas wild trout (rainbow and brown) were caught alive. The fat content in fish ranged from 3.3 to 8.0 g/100 g of fillet. It was confirmed that although wild salmonid fish contain 10–25% more omega-3 VLC PUFA in lipid fraction, the farm-raised ones, due to the 60–100% higher fat content, are an equally rich source of these desirable fatty acids in the human diet. One serving (130 g) of salmonid fish fillets might provide a significant dose of omega-3 VLC PUFA, from 1.2 to 2.5 g. Thus, due to very high content of bioactive fatty acids eicosapentaenoic (EPA), docosapentaenoic (DPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) in their meat, salmonid fish currently present on the food market, both sea and freshwater as well as wild and farm-raised, should be considered as natural functional food.

scholarly journals A non-canonical Δ9-desaturase synthesizing palmitoleic acid identified in the thraustochytrid Aurantiochytrium sp. T66

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E-Ming Rau ◽  
Inga Marie Aasen ◽  
Helga Ertesvåg
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Gene Annotation ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Strain Engineering ◽  
Δ9 Desaturase ◽  
Δ12 Desaturase

Abstract Thraustochytrids are oleaginous marine eukaryotic microbes currently used to produce the essential omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 n-3). To improve the production of this essential fatty acid by strain engineering, it is important to deeply understand how thraustochytrids synthesize fatty acids. While DHA is synthesized by a dedicated enzyme complex, other fatty acids are probably synthesized by the fatty acid synthase, followed by desaturases and elongases. Which unsaturated fatty acids are produced differs between different thraustochytrid genera and species; for example, Aurantiochytrium sp. T66, but not Aurantiochytrium limacinum SR21, synthesizes palmitoleic acid (C16:1 n-7) and vaccenic acid (C18:1 n-7). How strain T66 can produce these fatty acids has not been known, because BLAST analyses suggest that strain T66 does not encode any Δ9-desaturase-like enzyme. However, it does encode one Δ12-desaturase-like enzyme. In this study, the latter enzyme was expressed in A. limacinum SR21, and both C16:1 n-7 and C18:1 n-7 could be detected in the transgenic cells. Our results show that this desaturase, annotated T66Des9, is a Δ9-desaturase accepting C16:0 as a substrate. Phylogenetic studies indicate that the corresponding gene probably has evolved from a Δ12-desaturase-encoding gene. This possibility has not been reported earlier and is important to consider when one tries to deduce the potential a given organism has for producing unsaturated fatty acids based on its genome sequence alone. Key points • In thraustochytrids, automatic gene annotation does not always explain the fatty acids produced. • T66Des9 is shown to synthesize palmitoleic acid (C16:1 n-7). • T66des9 has probably evolved from Δ12-desaturase-encoding genes.

EFFECTS OF DIET ON THE COMPOSITION OF BODY FAT IN AGRIA AFFINIS (FALLÉN)

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nutritional Adequacy

When larvae of the parasitic fly Agria affinis (Fallén) were reared on fatty acid free diets, the characteristically high palmitoleic acid content of the body fats was much increased. Oleic acid in the diet was effective in reducing this, but not so effective as a mixture of fatty acids. The body fats still contained unusually high proportions of palmitic, palmitoleic, and oleic acids even when a mixture of fatty acids was fed. These observations are related to earlier observations on the nutritional adequacy of various fatty acids.

scholarly journals Stable Isotope Labeling Highlights Enhanced Fatty Acid and Lipid Metabolism in Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucille Stuani ◽  
Fabien Riols ◽  
Pierre Millard ◽  
Marie Sabatier ◽  
Aurélie Batut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Metabolic Reprogramming ◽  
Frequent Relapses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mutant Cells ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Background: In Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), a complete response to chemotherapy is usually obtained after conventional chemotherapy but overall patient survival is poor due to highly frequent relapses. As opposed to chronic myeloid leukemia, B lymphoma or multiple myeloma, AML is one of the rare malignant hemopathies the therapy of which has not significantly improved during the past 30 years despite intense research efforts. One promising approach is to determine metabolic dependencies in AML cells. Moreover, two key metabolic enzymes, isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDH1/2), are mutated in more than 15% of AML patient, reinforcing the interest in studying metabolic reprogramming, in particular in this subgroup of patients. Methods: Using a multi-omics approach combining proteomics, lipidomics, and isotopic profiling of [U-13C] glucose and [U-13C] glutamine cultures with more classical biochemical analyses, we studied the impact of the IDH1 R132H mutation in AML cells on lipid biosynthesis. Results: Global proteomic and lipidomic approaches showed a dysregulation of lipid metabolism, especially an increase of phosphatidylinositol, sphingolipids (especially few species of ceramide, sphingosine, and sphinganine), free cholesterol and monounsaturated fatty acids in IDH1 mutant cells. Isotopic profiling of fatty acids revealed that higher lipid anabolism in IDH1 mutant cells corroborated with an increase in lipogenesis fluxes. Conclusions: This integrative approach was efficient to gain insight into metabolism and dynamics of lipid species in leukemic cells. Therefore, we have determined that lipid anabolism is strongly reprogrammed in IDH1 mutant AML cells with a crucial dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism and fluxes, both being mediated by 2-HG (2-Hydroxyglutarate) production.

scholarly journals KOMPOSISI ASAM LEMAK CACING LAUT SIASIA (SIPUNCULUS, SP) DARI PERAIRAN PANTAI PULAU NUSALAUT

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Bernita Silaban
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Lauric Acid ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Myristic Acid ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Coastal Communities

Background: "Siasia" is a seaworm species in the phylum that includes Sipuncula Sipunculidea class. This animal has been consumed for generations by coastal communities Nusalaut Island, central mollucas but not yet universally known. Until now there has been obtained gisi complete composition. This study aimed to identify the composition of fatty acids contained in vain fresh seaworms. Methods: Seaworms vain taken from coastal waters of Negeri Titawaai and Nalahia Nusalaut Island, Central Moluccas in March 2014. The parameters analyzed include methods is sokhlet fat content and fatty acid by GC method. Results: The results showed fresh siasia fat content 1.12% of coastal waters Titawaai while 1.91% of coastal waters Nalahia. Fatty acids seaworms were identified from coastal waters Titawai  is  kaparat acid (C10: 0), lauric acid (C12: 0), myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitoleic acid (C16: 1), stearic acid (C18: 0), linolenic acid (C18: 3) acid and eicosapentaenoic (C20: 5) while the fatty acids of  seaworm vain of coastal waters Nalahia include is lauric acid (C12: 0), myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitoleic acid ( C16: 1), stearic acid (C18: 0) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20: 3). Conclusion: The fat content of fresh siasia sea worms is 1.12% from the waters of Titawaai beach, while 1.91% of the waters of the coast of Nalahia.

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