Technology Optimism in a Socio-Economic Perspective

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ropke
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
The State ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Economic Perspective ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Critical View ◽  
Technological Potential ◽  
Basic Ideas ◽  
Technology Policies

It is widely acknowledged that a great effort is necessary to cope with environmental problems. Focus is often upon technological change as the main way to achieve sustainability. But is it reasonable to place so much faith in technological change? The main dividing line between the optimistic and the critical view relates to the importance of distributional issues. First, an over-narrow focus upon technology diverts attention from the need to deal with distributional issues as an integral part of coping with environmental problems. Second, the technology optimists underestimate the need for changes in fundamental mechanisms, power structures and basic ideas as preconditions for influencing the direction of technological change. The paper deals with the state interventionist version of technology optimism, where it is emphasized that active industrial and technology policies should supplement market-based instruments to make sure that the technological potential for solving environmental problems is realized.

STRUCTURAL AND LOGIC DIAGRAM OF RESEARCH ON THE MILITARY-ECONOMIC SUBSTANTIATION OF THE RATIONAL NUMBER OF ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE IN THE PROCESS OF FORMING THE PROGRAM OF THEIR DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
V. Nazarkin ◽  
O. Semenenko ◽  
A. Efimenko ◽  
V. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Rational Number ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The State ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Scientific Substantiation ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Excess Number ◽  
The Military

The task of choosing the rational number of power structures is always one of the main priorities of any political leadership of the state. An insufficient number of armed forces is a threat to the national security of the state; an excess number creates pressures on the development of the country's national economy. Today, when the development programs of the Armed Forces of Ukraine are being formed in the context of the practical application of their units and subunits to carry out combat missions, questions of choosing a priority approach to the formation (justification) of the rational size of the Armed Forces of Ukraine is an urgent issue. The article proposes a structure for conducting research on the development and implementation of the methodology of military-economic substantiation of the rational strength of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the system of defense planning of Ukraine in the formation of programs for their development for the medium and long term. The main objectives of this methodology are: scientific substantiation of the range of the necessary strength of the Armed Forces of Ukraine for the period of the program of their development; the choice of the indicator of the rational size of the Armed Forces of Ukraine according to the years of the program from a certain range of its changes; military-economic substantiation of this number under the influence of various limiting factors. The development and implementation of such a methodology will increase the efficiency of the formation and implementation of development programs of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as well as the efficiency of using public funds for the development of power structures.

Environmental Responsibility In The Development Of Green Entrepreneurship

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonina Bobkova ◽  
Natalya Andryeyeva ◽  
Liudmyla Verbivska ◽  
Valentyna Kozlovtseva ◽  
Viktoriia Velychko
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Environmental Management System ◽  
The State ◽  
Environmental Taxes ◽  
Environmental Responsibility ◽  
Ecological Responsibility ◽  
Green Business ◽  
Green Entrepreneurship

The purpose of this study is to determine the main directions of development of green entrepreneurship on the basis of environmental responsibility. The relevance of this study is due to the need to identify the main directions of green business development to solve environmental problems, based on the basic principles of environmental responsibility. It is believed that environmental responsibility is the basic basis for the formation of socially responsible green entrepreneurship, whose mission is environmental improvement on the basis of sustainable development. It is established thatit is expedient to consider ecological responsibility on levels (the state, the enterprises, the public).As the experience of successful companies shows, environmental responsibility can be integrated into the value and business of the company.The analysis revealed the main tools to stimulate green entrepreneurship: environmental taxes, "green" investments, instruments of stimulating influence on green entrepreneurship. It is established that in Ukraine the main responsibility for the implementation of sustainable development lies with the state and enterprises. The research revealed shortcomings in the organization of supervision measures and control over the targeted use of funds for the implementation of environmental programs. Also the imperfection of the regulatory framework, the inefficiency of the accounting, reporting and monitoring system, the ineffectiveness of measuresmonitoring the results of each project within a specific program to solve environmental problems. It is established that local governments and enterprises are two important participants in the environmental management system in Ukraine. Therefore, it is important to regulate environmental responsibility at the national, including regional, and corporate levels.

scholarly journals Corruption, illegitimacy and external influence: political factors of state instability

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Eduard Gugnin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Violence ◽  
Analytical Description ◽  
The State ◽  
External Influence ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Spatial Cohesion ◽  
Ruling Elites ◽  
External Actors

The article constructs a descriptive and analytical description of the connection between corruption, delegitimization and loss of state sovereignty over society as background factors for increasing external influence and the destruction of political and spatial cohesion. As a result of the study, a conclusion was formulated, according to which the complete or partial loss of legitimacy coincides with the spread of corruption, which entails the devaluation of value and regulatory systems of social behavior. It is emphasized that corrupt practices contribute to the destruction of morals, law, ideology, have a devastating effect on government structures, procedures for its institutionalization, prevent the nomination of elites and leaders to command positions in the state apparatus, negatively affect the power and centralizing capabilities of the state. legitimate physical violence. It is noted that the loss of legitimacy is preceded by the loss of dialogue between government and society, the habitualization of corruption and its transformation into an endemic component of social life.It was stated that corruption increases the level of public permeability for external actors who take advantage of the situation of blurring the boundaries of political space and encourage citizens to spontaneous protests, which should shake the procedural principles of law and order, to achieve open conflicts between government and self-organized communities. what are the conditions for dialogue. External actors can seek to actively discredit the ruling elites by simultaneously unscrewing instability and escalating waves of destructive criticism aimed at disavowing all kinds of legitimacy: ideological, ethnic, structural, personalistic (charismatic), and others.It is noted that the final destruction of the state is the loss of a monopoly on public violence within the procedures established by law. Actors of external influence can resort to various acts of violence in order to encourage the ruling elites to increase security with the use of special Praetorian groups (paramilitary formations).It is summarized that the emergence of paramilitary formations is an indicator of the fragility of the state and its inability to control its own power structures, as evidenced by the violation of paramilitary formations of the usual official hierarchies and privatization of legitimate violence by alternative centers of power. Finally, it is emphasized that the destructive accompaniment of the latter is the growth of shadow arms markets, criminalization of the behavior of ordinary citizens who cease to see the state as an authorized defender of sovereignty and security and cease to trust legitimate law enforcement agencies, and these processes precede their colonial expansion. frozen conflicts with accompanying negative consequences for the state.

scholarly journals Development of Microplastic Research in ASEAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Khodijah ◽  
Sayyidah Nur Habibah
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Economic Perspective ◽  
Global Environmental Problems ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Asean Country

Microplastic research is currently an exciting trend along with global environmental problems. The purpose of this study is to review the development of microplastic research in ASEAN. The researc uses a systematic review method by searching for the keyword “microplastic” and the name of the ASEAN country on the Google Scholar website, Science Direct, and other research paper provider websites. Papers reviewed in 2018 to August 2021 period were then classified based on the components analyzed. The results showed that based on the research location category, the majority of microplastic research was carried out in Vietnam (12/50 articles). The category of research object focused on marine organisms more than terrestrial organisms, the category of microplastic concentration varied because the microplastic sampling method was not standardized, the category of microplastic form dominated by the form of fiber; commonly found in coastal areas. The socio-economic category is not much related to the circular economy. To conclude, microplastic research still has opportunities, especially from a socio-economic perspective.

scholarly journals Sopocani and Gradac: About the relation of funerary programmes of the two churches

Zograf ◽  
2006 ◽  
pp. 59-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislav Todic
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Wall Paintings ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Holy Trinity ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Church

King Uros (1243-1276) erected the Church of the Holy Trinity in the Sopocani monastery in about 1270 and, in it, he prepared tombs for the first hegoumenos of Sopocani, his mother Queen Ana, for himself and the then archbishop, Joanikije (Fig. 1). Over each tomb there is a marble sarcophagus surrounded by appropriate wall paintings. The tombs of Uros and Joanikije were located in the western bay of the naos. Thus, the recently announced hypothesis, that the endowed did not intend to be buried in Sopocani, is unfounded. The intention of King Uros was only brought into question in 1276 when he was driven from the throne by his older son, Dragutin. The overthrow caused a major drama in the family, the state and the Church. King Uros retired to the southern part of the state (Hum), where he became a monk and subsequently died (perhaps in 1277). His wife Jelena received vast territories from her son, the new king, which she practically ruled independently, while Archbishop Joanikije, after having denied Dragutin his blessing, retired with the former king and died in the region of Pilot in 1279. King Dragutin (1276-1282) made a great effort to mitigate the negative effects of the overthrow: he continued his father's foreign policy established good relations with neighboring Dubrovnik, took pains to appease his mother, Queen Jelena, by granting her vast territories, and to win the support of the Church by erecting, repairing or presenting gifts to several churches and monasteries. He certainly obtained the Sopocani monastery through hereditary ktetorial rights.

scholarly journals Losing Hope? The Environmental Crisis Today

ANVIL ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Hodson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
General Public ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
The State ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
Global Water

Abstract Environmentalists and scientists who study the environment often give a pretty bleak picture of the future. Surveys of secular views on the environment suggest that the general public in the developed West are concerned about the state of the environment. After considering all of the environmental problems that are causing scientists to worry, this paper then concentrates on four: climate change; biodiversity loss; global water supply; and the increase in our human population. Finally we will see what scientists have to say about hope in a time of environmental crisis

scholarly journals Verleden en macht in Vondels Gijsbreght van Aemstel

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 123-145
Author(s):  
Mike Keirsbilck
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
The State ◽  
Dutch Republic ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Literary Practice ◽  
Political Debates

The Amsterdam Schouwburg festively opened in January 1638 with the performance ofVondel’s Gijsbreght van Aemstel. The play was situated in medieval Amsterdam, butaddressed nonetheless the seventeenth-century audience explicitly. In Gijsbreght vanAemstel political and moral instructions that related to the Amsterdam of Vondel’s agewere given. To approach these political and moral instructions, I will make use of MichelFoucault’s notion of ‘governmentality’. Foucault’s theoretical concept deals with theconstruction of power structures. Governmentality allows me to place Vondel’s text in acontemporary debate about how the state should be ordered, and in this way opens up aninterpretation of the instructions of the play accordingly. I will argue that the play condemned violentstruggles, and that the text presented an opposing stand on how the stateshould be ordered.To indicate how the play voiced an opinion about contemporary political debates, Iwill confront Gijsbreght van Aemstel with Hugo de Groots De Republica Enendanda.This early tract, by one of the most important scholars of the Dutch Republic, also playeda part in Vondel’s play. This way Vondel's text can be read as an exploration of politicalideas in a literary practice, in which the character of Gijsbreght van Aemstel is presentedas an ideal.

scholarly journals Diagnóstico do Licenciamento Ambiental da Carcinicultura no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2392
Author(s):  
Iáskara Michelly De Medeiros Silveira ◽  
Daniele Bezerra dos Santos ◽  
Franklin Roberto da Costa ◽  
Rodrigo Herico Rodrigues de Melo Soares ◽  
Tarcisio Augusto Gonçalves Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Environmental Studies ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
The State ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Environmental Licensing ◽  
Development And Environment ◽  
Shrimp Farms

Em função do crescimento desordenado da carcinicultura no Nordeste do Brasil, nesta pesquisa foi realizado um levantamento dos licenciamentos ambientais voltados à carcinicultura do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, ao longo da década de 2005 a 2015, referente ao número de empreendimentos licenciados por ano, porte dos empreendimentos por tipos de licenças outorgadas e regiões com maior densidade de fazendas de carcinicultura. A pesquisa foi realizada através de avaliação documental, com dados cedidos pelo Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável e Meio Ambiente (IDEMA, 2016), e embasado nas legislações nacionais e estaduais pertinentes à área de estudo. No total, foram analisadas 698 licenças, sendo a maioria das fazendas de porte médio e solicitantes de licenças de operação, havendo uma maior concentração de empreendimentos de diferentes portes no litoral Sul do estado. Evidenciou-se uma grande quantidade de fazendas (64,18%) com solicitação de licenças atrasadas, além da constatação de que o maior número de licenças foi expedido no período em que mais ocorreram problemas de ordem ambiental e econômica na atividade.  Environmental Licensing diagnosis of Srimp farming in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, BrazilA b s t r a c tIn this article, a survey was made regarding the environmental licensing of shrimp farming in Rio Grande do Norte, during the decade between 2005 to 2015, in relation to the number of enterprises licensed per year, size of enterprises by type of licenses granted and regions with higher density of shrimp farms. The research was done through documentary evaluation, with data provided by the Institute for Sustainable Development and Environment (IDEMA). A total of 698 licenses were identified, with the majority of medium-sized farms and applicants for operating licenses, with a higher concentration of micro, small, medium and large ports in the southern coast of the state. A large number of farms with a request for delayed licenses (64,18%) were evidenced, in addition to the finding that the highest number of licenses was issued in the period in which there were more economic and environmental problems in the activity.Keywords: Environmental studies. Aquaculture. Shrimp. Environmental vulnerability. 

AUTOCHTHONE GEORGIAN GRAPE VARIETY GRDZELMTEVANA IN THE NIZHNEE PRIDONIE CONDITIONS

1970 ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
V. А. Ganich ◽  
L. G. Naumova
Keyword(s):  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
The State ◽  
Grape Variety ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
High Quality ◽  
White Wines ◽  
Classical Study ◽  
State Register ◽  
Technological Potential ◽  
Consumer Tastes

The purpose of the research is to study the autochthonous Georgian grape variety Grdzelmtevana in the Pridonie region to identify the adaptive, economic and technological potential in comparison with the control Riesling Rhine variety. The studies were carried out at the Donskaya ampelography collection YA.I. Potapenko (Novocherkassk, Russia) in 2016–2020 Agrobiological using modern and classical study methods. The wines were prepared according to the classic technology of winemaking for dry white wines. On the basis of the conducted studies it was concluded that the Grdzelmtevana grape variety adapted well in the Pridonie region, has high rates of buds break and an average bunch weight. It surpasses the control grape variety in terms of productivity by twice as much and at the wherein has a higher  accumulation sugar of grapes berries and optimal titratable acidity of berry juice for obtaining high quality table dry white wines. Degustation evaluation oа wine is 8,6 points ( for 10 point scale). Therefore, the Grdzelmtevana grape variety introduction into the State Register of Grapes for the Pridonie region will diversify the assortment of wine products, satisfying different consumer tastes.

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