scholarly journals Diferencias de género en la migración interna hacia La Habana durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Reynier Rodríguez Rico
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Demographic Analysis ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Percentage Weight ◽  
Temporal Profiles ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
The City

El presente artículo se traza como objetivo fundamental establecer las diferencias de género en el proceso de decisión y los motivos de la migración interna hacia La Habana en el periodo que media entre los años 1959 y 2000. Se parte de la utilización de métodos estadísticos descriptivos, índices y medidas tomadas del análisis demográfico que permiten comprobar, de un lado, el comportamiento de los saldos migratorios positivos que se localizan en la capital cubana y del otro, una feminización cuantitativa que se presenta como indefectible antecedente en la relación género-migración. Sin embargo, el análisis es aleccionador  cuando se examina la participación e interacción de hombres y mujeres en el contexto de roles y actividades que le son asignados diferentemente a unos y otros desde un conjunto de variables sociodemográficas que permiten caracterizar este proceso migratorio. En este caso se emplean tablas de doble entrada o crosstabs, que provenientes de la Estadística Descriptiva, aportan el porcentaje diferencial que marcan los géneros en lo que respecta a la conducta migratoria. De esta forma, se logra un perfil de los migrantes, que desde su socialización y el género en una perspectiva integradora, permiten una comprensión abreviada de tres perfiles temporales notablemente diferenciados y estrechamente ligados a los acontecimientos socioeconómicos que acontecen en Cuba. The present article characterizes the decision making process and migratory reasons towards the city of Havana in the period 1959-2000, from a gender perspective; that allows analyzing the participation and interaction of men and women in this process, based on the norms and values that prevail in society and that will influence the roles and activities that are assigned differently to each other from a set of socio-demographic variables which intervene in this process. Descriptive statistical methods are used, as well as indexes and measures taken from the demographic analysis that allow to verify: first, a quantitative feminization in the migration, and secondly, the majority percentage weight that men versus women mark with respect to this set of socio-demographic characteristics. Finally, three temporal profiles are constructed that describe the behaviour by gender in the decision and the reasons for the migration.

scholarly journals Medios de transporte, accidentes de tránsito y legislación en Medellín (Colombia) durante las tres primeras décadas del siglo XX

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 209-238
Author(s):  
Juan David Alzate Alzate
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Legal Strategies ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
The City ◽  
The Way

Automóviles, coches, camiones y trenes aparecieron en Medellín (Colombia) durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX, afectando las rutinas de los habitantes que tuvieron la necesidad de usarlos, transformando así las dinámicas de la ciudad. En este proceso, hombres y mujeres se vieron involucrados en circunstancias aciagas en las que estos aparatos fueron los medios a través de los cuales se cometían atropellamientos, que podían ser calificados como delitos, extendiendo así el marco de aplicación de las leyes y obligando, incluso, a generar estrategias legales para intentar llevar coherentemente estos litigios. El objeto central de este artículo es describir las formas como se presentaron los accidentes de tránsito en el contexto señalado y al mismo tiempo relacionar este tipo de hechos con la legislación existente en aquella época y la manera como era aplicada por las autoridades al momento de generar un veredicto sobre la culpabilidad por homicidio de un conductor. Para su elaboración se tuvieron en cuenta cinco sumarios por homicidio del Archivo Histórico Judicial de Medellín, información del Archivo Histórico de Medellín y de la Colección Patrimonio Documental de la Universidad de Antioquia, artículos de la prensa local, legislación y datos estadísticos de la época.Palabras clave: crecimiento urbano, vehículos, homicidios, sumarios, leyes, modernidad, accidentalidad. Means of Transport, Traffic Accidents and Legislation in Medellín, Colombia, during the First Three Decades of the 20th CenturyAbstractAutomobiles, cars, trucks and trains appeared in Medellín, Colombia, during the first decades of the 20th century, and affected the routines of the inhabitants who had the need to use them, thus transforming the dynamics of the city. In this process, men and women were involved in unfortunate circumstances in which these machines were the means through which people were run over. Since this act was qualified as a committed crime, it was necessary to enforce the laws and even generate legal strategies for consistently attempt these disputes. The aim of this article is to describe the ways how traffic accidents occurred in the stated context, and at the same time, relate this kind of facts with the existing legislation in that time, and the way as it was applied by the authorities when generating a verdict on the guilt of murder of a driver. For its preparation five summaries were considered by murder of the Archivo Historico Judicial de Medellín, the information of the Archivo Histórico de Medellín, and the Collection Heritage Documentary of the Unviersidad de Antioquia, articles from the local press, legislation and statistical data of that time. Keywords: urban growth, vehicles, killings, summaries, laws, modernity, accident. 

Satisfaction with Braga (Portugal) and recommendation: A comparison between information coming from relatives/friends and from other sources

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-357
Author(s):  
Paula Remoaldo ◽  
Laurentina Vareiro ◽  
J Cadima Ribeiro ◽  
Jéssica de Abreu ◽  
Ana MS Bettencourt
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Destination Loyalty ◽  
Travel Information ◽  
Travel Decision ◽  
The City ◽  
Credible Source

Recommendation from family and friends is considered to be the most credible source in the travel decision-making process. Since studies on destination loyalty focus on this variable, this study investigated tourists’ motivations, perceived attributes of the city and satisfaction obtained from the visit by comparing the following two groups: those who indicated that they obtained travel information from relatives/friends ( n =  120) and those who obtained information from other sources ( n =  186). The research methodology consists of a quantitative approach based on a self-administered survey applied to travellers who visited Braga (a medium sized city located in the Northwest of Portugal), during 2017. The results indicated that there were some significant differences between the two groups with respect to demographic characteristics, tourists’ motivations and perceived attributes of the city. However, the groups did not differ in their global image of the destination and intention to recommend it to relatives and friends.

Determinants Considered by Consumers for Brand Selection - with Reference to Laptops in Albania

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margret Plloçi ◽  
Macit Koc
Keyword(s):  
Primary Data ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Technical Features ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Core Features

Abstract Purpose of the article There is relatively a big number of brands in the market of laptops nowadays in Albania. It appears that the number of brands offered in this market could easily be compared to the number of brands in Europe and even broader. The purpose of this study is to help Albanian vendors understand the criteria that consumers take into consideration when they make the decision to purchase a laptop. Methodology/methods The research is based on the collection and the analyses of the primary data collected through interviews to people like managers or employees who work in the sector of trading laptops or in businesses like education where laptops are broadly used recently; then a survey is done through a questionnaire delivered to customers who already own and use a laptop and customers who are potential buyers of laptops. Scientific aim The aim of the research is to identify if there are any relationships between the demographics of the consumers and the criteria of buying a laptop; on the other hand, to find out how is the relationship between the demographics and the features of different brands. Findings The study found out that Albanian consumers have good knowledge of laptops and their brands, and they use different sources of information for making their decisions in buying a laptop; it is found that there are relationships between some demographics like age or gender and the appraisal for some attributes of the laptops like price, design and high graphics card; it is also found that some technical features and other attributes of using laptops are some of the determinants that influence the laptops’ purchases. Conclusions It is realized that one of the most important demographics of the consumers is their age. Some core features like RAM, ROM, battery life, processor quality, light weight or attributes that are connected to the purposes of using the laptop computers like practicality and mobility in using them, work and studying processes, quick access to the internet are determinant factors which influence the decision making process of purchasing a laptop. I would recommend that future researches be focused also on the relationship between the customers’ income and their preferred brand or ranking brands according to the customers’ preferences. Such studies should also extend outside the city of Tirana.

Wybrane socjodemograficzne determinanty postaw konsumentów wobec żywności o obniżonej zawartości cukru

2016 ◽  
pp. 145-157
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Staniewska ◽  
Danuta Jakubowska ◽  
Monika Radzymińska
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Consumer Attitudes ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Indirect Technique ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Interview Questionnaire

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of socio-demographic variables on consumer attitudes towards food with a reduced sugar content. The study was conducted in educational institutions, a university and educational centers for seniors located in the Warmia-Mazury, using a survey research method, indirect technique (an original interview questionnaire). In total, 750 respondents were interviewed. The majority of respondents, regardless of socio-demographic characteristics, assesses the health benefits of the sugar content reduction as large and rather large. Despite this, a relatively small portion of respondents, varied by gender and age, used in their diets sugar substitutes and was interested in products with a reduced sugar content. According to the most of the respondents, lowering the sugar content of a product affects the deterioration of its flavor.

scholarly journals 964. Opt-Out HIV- Hepatitis C (HCV) Testing at a Primary Care Resident Clinic in Columbia, SC: Who Gets Tested and Who Opts Out of Testing?

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S512-S512
Author(s):  
Jodian Pinkney ◽  
Divya Ahuja ◽  
Caroline Derrick ◽  
Martin Durkin
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Opting Out ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
Primary Care Resident ◽  
Hcv Testing

Abstract Background South Carolina (SC) remains one of the most heavily affected states for both HIV and HCV infections. Males account for the majority of cases. Implementation of universal opt-out testing has improved screening rates but not much has been published describing the characteristics of those who opt out of testing. This becomes important as 10-50% of patients have opted out in previous studies. Methods Between February and August 2019, we conducted a quality improvement (QI) project which implemented opt- out HIV-HCV testing at a single primary care resident clinic in SC with the primary aim of increasing screening rates for HIV-HCV by 50%. Secondary aims included describing the demographic characteristics of the opt-out population. Persons were considered eligible for testing if they were between the ages of 18-65 years for HIV and 18-74 years for HCV. This was prior to the USPSTF 2020 guidelines which recommend HCV screening for adults aged 18-79 years. A retrospective chart review was used to obtain screening rates, opt status and demographic data. Logistic regression and the firth model were used to determine linkages between categorical variables. We present 3-month data. Results 1253 patients were seen between May 1, 2019- July 31, 2019 (See Table 1). 985 (78%) were eligible for HIV testing. 482 (49%) were tested for HIV as a result of our QI project and all tests were negative. 212 (22%) of eligible patients opted out of HIV testing. Males were 1.59 times more likely to opt out (p=0.008). (see Table 2,3) Regarding HCV, 1136 (90.7%) were deemed eligible for testing. 503 (44%) were tested for HCV as a result of our QI project. 12 (2.4%) were HCV antibody positive with viremia. 11 (90%) of antibody positive with viremia cases were in the 1945-1965 birth cohort (see Table 4). 244 (21%) opted out of HCV testing. Males and persons without a genitourinary chief complaint were more likely to opt out (p=0.02). Table 1: Demographic characteristics of the population seen at the internal medicine resident clinic between May- July 2019 Table 2: Relationship between demographic variables and the odds of being tested for HIV or HCV within the last 12 months. Logistic Model. Table 3: Relationship between demographic variables and the odds of opting out of testing for HIV or HCV. Firth Model. Conclusion Although implementation of routine HIV-HCV opt-out testing led to increased screening rates for both HIV and HCV, roughly 1 in 5 eligible patients chose to opt out of testing. Males were more likely to opt out despite accounting for the majority of newly diagnosed HCV cases. Future studies investigating drivers for opting-out in the male population could improve testing and assist with early diagnosis. Table 4: Characteristics of patients newly diagnosed with HCV positive with viremia. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Patterns of sexual mixing with respect to social, health and sexual characteristics among heterosexual couples in England: analyses of probability sample survey data

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (7) ◽  
pp. 1500-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. PRAH ◽  
A. J. COPAS ◽  
C. H. MERCER ◽  
A. NARDONE ◽  
A. M. JOHNSON
Keyword(s):  
General Health ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Probability Sample ◽  
Living Together ◽  
Sexual Characteristics

SUMMARYPatterns of sexual mixing are major determinants of sexually transmitted infection (STI) transmission, in particular the extent to which high-risk populations mix with low-risk populations. However, patterns of mixing in the general population are poorly understood. We analysed data from a national probability sample survey of households, the Health Survey for England 2010. A total of 943 heterosexual couples living together, where at least one partner was aged between 16–44 years, were included. We used correlation coefficients to measure the strength of similarities between partners with respect to demographic characteristics, general health, health behaviours and sexual history. Males were on average 2 years older than their female partners, although this age difference ranged from a median of 0 years in men aged 16–24 years to a median of 2 years in men aged 35–44 years. A positive correlation between partners was found for all demographic characteristics. With respect to general health and health behaviours, a strongly positive correlation was found between men and women in reporting alcohol consumption at ⩾3 days a week and smoking. Men typically reported greater numbers of sexual partners than their female partner, although men and women with more partners were more likely to mix with each other. We have been able to elucidate the patterns of sexual mixing between men and women living together in England. Mixing based on demographic characteristics was more assortative than sexual characteristics. These data can better inform mathematical models of STI transmission.

scholarly journals Carnavalesk taalgebruik en de constructie van lokale identiteiten

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonie M.E.A. Cornips ◽  
Vincent de Rooij ◽  
Irene Stengs
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Southern Netherlands ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
The City ◽  
Selection Of

This article aims to encourage the interdisciplinary study of ‘languaculture,’ an approach to language and culture in which ideology, linguistic and cultural forms, as well as praxis are studied in relation to one another. An integrated analysis of the selection of linguistic and cultural elements provides insight into how these choices arise from internalized norms and values, and how people position themselves toward received categories and hegemonic ideologies. An interdisciplinary approach will stimulate a rethinking of established concepts and methods of research. It will also lead to a mutual strengthening of linguistic, sociolinguistic, and anthropological research. This contribution focuses on Limburg and the linguistic political context of this Southern-Netherlands region where people are strongly aware of their linguistic distinctiveness. The argument of the paper is based on a case study of languaculture, viz. the carnivalesque song ‘Naar Talia’ (To Italy) by the Getske Boys from the city of Heerlen.

Poli della regione urbana milanese verso l'Expo 2015

TERRITORIO ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
Alessandro Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Leisure Facilities ◽  
The City

- Can we today use symbolism to govern a city whose localities can no longer be distinguished? The city has become polycentric and needs symbols to make its decentred landmarks recognisable once again. Zoning was completed some time ago (at least on paper, and certainly not in the minds of local and national administrators), but it is still not altogether clear what is meant by upgrading of the run-down suburbs. Are these notions that await concretisation in laws from which quality architecture will then flow? Or, rather, should the plan go back to being informed primarily by a design which has yet to be regulated by law? These days it seems like community services are redesigning the city in the likeness of a printed circuit board. Indeed, development of the entire area is fuelled by responses to demands for better transport, communications, goods, housing, jobs and leisure facilities, or at least this is how it appears to those who believe in this contemporary paradigm. However, men and women do not identify with public services. They simply use them. Let us therefore avoid the temptation to turn a means into an end.

The Agrarian Reform and the City: The Great Expansion of Sibiu during the Interwar Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-44
Author(s):  
Diana Mihnea
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
Technical Council ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Territory

During the 1920s, the city of Sibiu expanded by approximately 250 hectares, with an area that was three times larger than its historical core. This great expansion was the result of the application of the agrarian reform, whose laws allowed and encouraged the creation of new building plots in the cities of Transylvania, Banat, Crișana and Maramureș. Although this was the largest territorial growth of the city up until that time, it was not controlled by the municipality and its Technical Office. In fact, the city authorities were excluded from most stages of the decision-making process. All the decisions were taken by the central and local institutions of the Ministry of Agriculture and Domains that were in charge with the application of the agrarian reform. The territorial expansion was not based on any large-scale studies regarding the needs of the city or the impact on its future development. In fact, the proportions and the directions of the city’s expansion were dictated mostly by the number of accepted requests for building plots and by the position of the areas that could be expropriated and that were suitable to be parcelled. The creation of the large new allotments was simultaneous with the efforts of the municipality to draft a systematisation plan that was now urgently necessary, given the rapidly changing situation of the city, and it was imposed by the new administrative legislation of Romania. So, shortly after the parceling plans were issued and the new building plots were distributed to those entitled, a preliminary systematization plan – drafted between 1926 and 1928 – proposed the revision of the new allotments and the modification of the procedure for assigning the building plots according to a system that would allow a gradual territorial growth of the city. Hence, during the second half of the 1920s and the beginning of the 1930s there were ample negotiations over the new urban territory, involving not only the Ministry of Agriculture and Domains, but also the Ministry of Interior and the Superior Technical Council. In the end, after almost a decade of negotiations, only minor adjustments were made to the allotments and the provisions of the systematisation plan were only partly applied.

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