On the Balkar-Karachay-Kumyk folklore commonness

Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Inna Khumkerkhanovna Alkhlavova ◽  
Abusup'yan Tatarkhanovich Akamov ◽  
Abdulakim Magomedovich Adzhiev
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Genetic Affinity ◽  
Historical Materials ◽  
Ancient Time ◽  
Theoretical Significance ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

The subject of this article is the genetic affinity of the Balkar, Karachay and Kumyk folklore. Interconnection between three closely related nations – Balkars, Karachays, Kumyks, whose origins take roots in the ancient time and continued in medieval times, are reflected virtually in all folklore genres: myths, heroic epos, ritual and nonritual poetry, heroic-historical songs, etc. The object of this research is the folklore and historical materials that testify to close genetic affinity of the Balkars, Karachays, Kumyks. The scientific novelty of this work consists in analysis of the material that demonstrates significant commonness of Balkar-Karachay-Kumyk folklore. Therefore, the targeted study of folklore ties of Balkars-Karachays and Kumyks with regards to all genres, represents not only scientific-theoretical significance, but also allows determining specific cultural-historical paths of development of these ethnoses along with other ethnic groups of North Caucasus. The conducted analysis of tales, nursery rhymes, skipping-rope rhymes, proverbs and sayings of the three ethnic groups emphasizes their typological similarities and genetic affinity. This allows formulating the conclusions of scientific-theoretical nature, as well as on the history of the indicated ethnoses.

Influence of ethical groups on regional policy (on the example of the Republic of Kalmykia)

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
D. Naranova
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Theoretical Significance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

To consider the main directions and extent of influence of ethical groups on political processes in the Republic of Kalmykia.The authors analyzed scientific research on the ethnic identity of the Kalmyk people, as well as media materials and statistical data on the cause and effect of the influence of ethnic groups on regional policy. Seven key areas of influence of the Kalmyks, as a titular nation, on political processes in the region, including through the formation of an ethnic majority among senior positions in the authorities of the subject of the Russian Federation, were identified. The theoretical significance of the study is due to the complex systematization of facts about the influence of the ethnodominating nation of the Republic of Kalmykia on political processes in the region. The practical significance is expressed in the proposal of specific recommendations for partial stabilization of the situation in the Republic.

Migrant Labour and Their “Capitalist Compatriots”: Towards a History of Ethnic Capitalism

2021 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-194
Author(s):  
Andonis Piperoglou
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Migrant Labour ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Petite Bourgeoisie ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between migration and Australian capitalism has long been a topic of robust scholarly debate in sociology and economics. Researchers in those fields have highlighted how migration has left an indelible imprint on Australian capitalism. By contrast, Australian migration histories have given scant attention to the role ethnic groups played in Australian capitalism. This lack of attention is particularly curious in historical studies of Greek Australia given the significance of small business in facilitating migration and settlement. From Federation onwards, Greek ethnic capitalism - or, more precisely, the relations between Greek migrant labourers and their petite bourgeoisie employers - became a topic of media coverage. In fact, the relations between Greek workers and employers were so important that newspapers routinely reported on the subject. This article examines this media coverage, its racialist and criminalising connotations, and historical relevance. It concludes with some observations on how histories of capitalism can productively engage with the histories of ethnicisation.

scholarly journals Russian popular poetic speech in the aspect of crosscultural linguafolklore studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 226-237
Author(s):  
Mariya А. Bobunova ◽  
Alexander T. Khrolenko
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Folk Songs ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
National Language ◽  
Human Face ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Cultural Preferences ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

The paper sums up the experience of lasting work of the Kursk linguafolklore scientists that have been studying the Russian popular poetic speech. It traces the history of coming into being and developing of the special academic branch aimed at studying the folklore work phenomenon — that is lingua folklore. The main attention is paid to the methodology of comparable and crosscultural linguafolklore. Comparable linguafolklore implies comparing social dialectal and popular poetic speeches, the language of various folklore genres as well as territorial differences in folk poetic speech within the same ethnic tradition. Cross-cultural linguafolklore studies is a tool used for discovering cultural preferences of the ethnic group and specific peculiarities of the mentality through comparing traditional cultures. The object for confronting folklore texts belonging to different ethnic groups are the concepts verbalized with the help of the national language forms. The subject meanings are accumulated in these forms. The paper includes the analysis of singular concepts, such as “gold,” “river,” the stable ties of the concepts, such as “garden — forest,” “flower — bush — tree” and “birds,” “food” and “The human face.” The authors are sure in the relevance of use of the crosscultural research as a tool, especially for a сontrasting dictionary. They come to the conclusion that even though comparing folk songs lexicons that belong to various ethnic traditions is labor intensive, demanding exactness and objective comments, is actually very productive.

scholarly journals To the origin of the concepts Yessentuk, Yessentuchok, Yessentuki

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Fomenko
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
General Population ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Xviii Century ◽  
The North ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The City ◽  
Stavropol Krai

The subject of this research is the toponyms Yessentuk, Yessentuchok, Yessentuki. The goal is ti determine their origin. The author leans on the data of explorations of the remains Golden Horde mausoleums of the XIV century, which were conducted in the late XX and early XXI centuries on the outskirts and in the area of the city of Yessentuki of Stavropol Krai. The article considers the previously revealed connection between mausoleums of the XIV century, Podkumok River Valley, and the Kabardian-Abazin tombstones of the XVIII century located here. It is worth noting that at the time of construction of the Yessentuki reduit at the end of the XVIII century, the general population of the area were Kabardians and Abazins. The application of comprehensive approach alongside various methods of historical and philological sciences allowed determining the origins of the toponyms Yessentuk, Yessentuchok, Yessentuki, as well as carrying out further reconstruction of the history of the Central Fore-Caucasus of pre-Russian and Russian eras. The conclusion is made that the name Yessentuk (in later versions – Yessentuchok and Yessentuki) stems from the Kabardian word combination Yesen tlygu – the edge, area, or border) of Yesen. The personal name Yesen is of Turkic-Mongolian origin and can be occasionally seen in the anthroponymy of the Adyghe and neighboring peoples. The obtained results can be used in studying history of the North Caucasus, toponymic research, museology, creation of science education films.

scholarly journals On certain structural models of Chamalal toponyms

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Zainab Magomedovna Alieva
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Quantitative Characterization ◽  
Structural Peculiarities ◽  
Ethnic History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic

This article is dedicated to the analysis of structural models of toponyms in Chamalal language. Current realities are such that examination of toponymic system of any region deserves special attention. Research of the system must be based on studying the characteristic toponymic structures, which prompts the onomatologists to systematize them in accordance with structural peculiarities. Structural analysis of toponyms with determination of toponymic models and affixes is framework and a so-called approach towards further research. The subject of this research is the toponymy of non-written Chamalal language of the Republic of Dagestan. The goal consists in the analysis of structural patterns of isolated Chanalal toponyms of the rural localities of Upper and Lower Gavkari, Gigatli, Gadiri of Tsumadinsky District of Dagestan. The article involves field material of the author Z. M. Alieva acquired during the expeditions of 2018-2020). The novelty lies in the fact that this article is first to carry out a structural analysis of toponymic units of Chamalal language. Toponymic material is subjected to quantitative characterization the author analyzes its different in structure geographical names, and determines separate word-forming elements. The study of toponyms remains one of the paramount tasks of the national (including Dagestani) and foreign linguistics, which defines relevance of the selected topic. This branch of linguistics is important in multiple areas of science: solution of linguistic tasks, questions of interaction of ethnic groups and their cultures, problems of ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the peoples.

scholarly journals Arabographic sources on the history of Dagestan (19th – beginning 20th cent.): paleographic characteristics and general overview.

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 26-39
Author(s):  
Djamaludin M. Malamagomedov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
General System ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Private Collection ◽  
Source Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Source Study

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study and introduction into scientific circulation of arabographic written sources in the Avar language of the late 19th – early 20th centuries. Until recently, some of these sources were not known at all, and they were not the subject of scientific research. With the emergence of new sources on the history of the Caucasus, it became necessary to conduct a critical source study of the texts of previously published sources. Materials and methods. The research is based on the study of a number of sources in the Avar language, among which we can single out the most informative and early ones, such as: a). Chronicle "Derbent name" (History of Derbent) from the private collection of M.G. Nurmagomedov; b). The composition of Muhammadrafi (14th cent.), known in the historical literature as "Tarikh Dagestan". in three lists from, private and mosque collections; in). “Tarikhi Jar” (History of Jar) from the collection of Nakkaw Muhammad of Jar; d). One-village chronicle “Tarikh Argvani” (History of Argvani) and “Imam Gazimuhammad” by Hasanilav from Gimri, etc. We will tell you more about them below. As we have already mentioned, some texts of the studied sources have already been the subject of research and were previously published [1; 2; 6; 8; 13; 18;20; 22; 23]. The studies are provided with paleographic descriptions, which, in addition to information about the author and scribe, include basic paleographic information such as the date and place of correspondence, volume, paper, handwriting, language of the manuscript and place of storage. If the author of the essay is known, brief information about his life and work is provided. If the text of the essay was previously published in the Arabic edition, or in another Arabic script, then a comparative comparison of the most important plots and fragments (names, toponymic, date of compilation, etc.) of the text was carried out. After the paleographic part, short annotations were compiled to the source texts, divided into semantic and situational syntagms. Research results. Because of the study, we were able to introduce into scientific circulation new sources on the history of the peoples of the North Caucasus, as well as critically analyze the previously published texts of arabographic sources, taking into account modern source studies. The introduction of new narratives in the Avar language into scientific circulation makes it possible to determine the place and role of local historical works in the general system of arabographic sources on the history of the peoples of Dagestan. The results of the research can be used in compiling a special course for students of universities and colleges on source study and historiography of the peoples of the North Caucasus.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

History of the Study of Apocrypha in Early Medieval England

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Brandon W. Hawk
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Medieval England ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Early Judaism ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Early English

Literature written in England between about 500 and 1100 CE attests to a wide range of traditions, although it is clear that Christian sources were the most influential. Biblical apocrypha feature prominently across this corpus of literature, as early English authors clearly relied on a range of extra-biblical texts and traditions related to works under the umbrella of what have been called “Old Testament Pseudepigrapha” and “New Testament/Christian Apocrypha." While scholars of pseudepigrapha and apocrypha have long trained their eyes upon literature from the first few centuries of early Judaism and early Christianity, the medieval period has much to offer. This article presents a survey of significant developments and key threads in the history of scholarship on apocrypha in early medieval England. My purpose is not to offer a comprehensive bibliography, but to highlight major studies that have focused on the transmission of specific apocrypha, contributed to knowledge about medieval uses of apocrypha, and shaped the field from the nineteenth century up to the present. Bringing together major publications on the subject presents a striking picture of the state of the field as well as future directions.

From Dust to Life

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Chambers ◽  
Jacqueline Mitton
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Extrasolar Planets ◽  
Planetary Systems ◽  
History Of Astronomy ◽  
Human Origins ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Emergence Of Life

The birth and evolution of our solar system is a tantalizing mystery that may one day provide answers to the question of human origins. This book tells the remarkable story of how the celestial objects that make up the solar system arose from common beginnings billions of years ago, and how scientists and philosophers have sought to unravel this mystery down through the centuries, piecing together the clues that enabled them to deduce the solar system's layout, its age, and the most likely way it formed. Drawing on the history of astronomy and the latest findings in astrophysics and the planetary sciences, the book offers the most up-to-date and authoritative treatment of the subject available. It examines how the evolving universe set the stage for the appearance of our Sun, and how the nebulous cloud of gas and dust that accompanied the young Sun eventually became the planets, comets, moons, and asteroids that exist today. It explores how each of the planets acquired its unique characteristics, why some are rocky and others gaseous, and why one planet in particular—our Earth—provided an almost perfect haven for the emergence of life. The book takes readers to the very frontiers of modern research, engaging with the latest controversies and debates. It reveals how ongoing discoveries of far-distant extrasolar planets and planetary systems are transforming our understanding of our own solar system's astonishing history and its possible fate.

LITERARY ROMANTICISM AS A THEORETICAL ISSUE

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Vera V. Serdechnaia ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Theoretical Issue ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of literary romanticism. The research aims at a refinement of the “romanticism” concept in relation to the history of the literary process. The main research methods include conceptual analysis, textual analysis, comparative historical research. The author analyzes the semantic genesis of the term “romanticism”, various interpretations of the concept, compares the definitions of different periods and cultures. The main results of the study are as follows. The history of the term “romanticism” shows a change in a number of definitions for the same concept in relation to the same literary phenomena. By the end of the 20th century, realizing the existence of significant contradictions in the content of the term “romanticism”, researchers often come to abandon it. At the same time, the steady use of the term “romanticism” testifies to the subject-conceptual component that exists in it, which does not lose its relevance, but just needs a theoretical refinement. Conclusion: one have to revise an approach to romanticism as a theoretical concept, based on the change in the concept of an individual in Europe at the end of the 18th century. It is the newly discovered freedom of an individual predetermines the rethinking for the image of the author as a creator and determines the artistic features of literary romanticism.

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