scholarly journals Turkic-language interpretations of Quran from Bashkiria of the XIX century as literary monuments

Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Iskander Rasulevich Saitbattalov

The subject of this research is the literary-aesthetic characteristics of interpretation of Manzil written by Bashkir theologians Bahadirshah al-Qaynawi and Taj ad-Din ibn Yalchigul: the presence of coherent narratives based on the authorial approach towards the interpreted text, literary-aesthetic interpretations of plots and images reflected in the Quranic text directly, intertextual connections of interpretations with the works in other genres. The goal of this article lies in determination and description of the meaningful literary-aesthetic characteristics of interpretations of Manzil. The following tasks are resolved within the framework of this research: 1) determination of the key characteristics of the Tafsir genre, 2) revelation of the role of works under review for the tradition of the Turkic-language interpretation of Quran, 3) description of the literary-aesthetic characteristics of the interpretations by Bahadirshah al-Qaynawi and Taj ad-Din ibn Yalchigu, 4) translation of fragments of their interpretations that are significant from the perspective of literature into the Russian language. The scientific novelty and practical importance of this publication lies in introduction into the scientific discourse of two previously unexplored literary monuments that have not been translated into the Russian language. This significantly broadens the knowledge on the literary process in Bashkiria of the early XIX century. The author concludes that the interpretation of Quran fragments should be viewed in the context of evolution of Bashkir literature of the pre-national period. This opens great potential for studying their intertextual correlations with Turkic-language literary of the earlier period in the genres of “chronicles”, “history of the prophets”, and “miracles of the created”, as well as with sententious literature of the later period.

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 654-662
Author(s):  
Valentina Aleksandrovna Limerova

The works of Mikhail Fedorovich Istomin (1821-1862) are part of the unexplored and, until recently, not included in the history of Komi literature material - essays created by Komi writers of the XIX century in Russian language. Meanwhile, the work of M. Istomin is very representative both in terms of the formation of General regional characteristic of all the literature of the North, and the ways of familiarizing Komi intelligentsia to literary work. The analysis of works of M. Istomin made in this work, allows to judge about actual for the writer-“foreigner” of the XIX century connection to all-regional and all-Russian literary process, and also about a problem of creation of a native literary portrait for different people of the North. The description of the territory, its geographical and climatic features, the creation of descriptions of places was chosen by the writer as a priority, the most important task of creativity. This allows him to embody fragments of the Northern world through the focus of view of autochthon, to identify and record the most important, especially important for the northerner, locations and objects of environment. The writer paid special attention to the rivers as the most important geographical and natural attractions of the region. In essence, the North in the essays of M. Istomin takes the form of world saturated with many waters. The writer is far from symbolizing natural objects, does not endow their images with figurative meanings, at the same time, many descriptions of different rivers in his essays indicate the movement of regional and Komi literature by the way of creation its own concept of the North as a natural environment-centered world.


Author(s):  
Л.В. Лукьянова

В статье впервые представлена попытка обобщить опыт преподавания русского языка и других филологических дисциплин в первом лесном российском вузе с начала XIX века до настоящего времени. Историография лингвистического образования в СПбГЛТУ опирается не только на открытые информационные источники, но и на недавно обнаруженные ведомственные и государственные архивные материалы. Обращение автора статьи к найденным документам позволяет уточнить не только определенные этапы истории преподавания русского языка, основные виды деятельности преподавателей, но и представить яркие личности педагогов, в разные годы преподававших русский язык российским и иностранным студентам. Уже в первые десятилетия существования Лесного института уделяется большое внимание и собственно языковому развитию и образованию. Студенты Лесного института изучают русский язык, занимаются сочинением деловых бумаг и риторикой. Изучение русского языка в XIX веке подчинено главным образом прагматике обучения, однако не меньшую роль играет и знание родного языка для общекультурного уровня студента. Смена идеологической парадигмы, снятие образовательных ограничений, установка на организацию подготовки пролетарского студенчества после революции 1917 г. влияет и на гуманитарное образование новых студентов. Специалист нового типа, с марксистским мировоззрением, должен быть грамотным и обладать широким кругозором. Несмотря на насущную потребность в языковом образовании, в практическом обучении русскому языку студентов и аспирантов, специальной кафедры русского языка в Лесотехнической академии (ЛТА) не было до середины ХХ века. Осознание особой роли русского языка в профессиональной подготовке, в формировании мировоззрения иностранных студентов привело к созданию кафедры русского языка в ЛТА только в сентябре 1955 года. За истекший с образования кафедры период неоднократно менялось штатное расписание, перечень закрепленных дисциплин, цели, задачи и требования в подготовке обучающихся. Однако преподавание филологических дисциплин коллективом кафедры русского языка в Лесотехническом университете всегда было связано с широким контекстом культурного развития человека, со стратегической целью повышения уровня речемыслительной культуры, обеспечивающей эффективную современную коммуникацию языковой личности. The article presents for the first time an attempt to summarize the experience of teaching the Russian language and other philological disciplines in the First Forest Russian University from the beginning of the XIX century to the present. The historiography of linguistic education at SPbFTU relies not only on open information sources, but also on recently discovered departmental and state archival materials. The author's reference to the founded documents allows us to clarify not only certain stages in the history of teaching the Russian language, the main activities of teachers, but also to present the bright personalities of teachers who in different years taught Russian language to native and foreign students. Already in the first decades of the existence of the Forest Institute, much attention is paid to the actual language development and education. Students of the Forestry Institute study Russian, are engaged in writing business papers and rhetoric practice. The study of the Russian language in the XIX century is mainly subordinated to the pragmatics of teaching, but knowledge of the native language plays an equally important role for the general cultural level of the student. The change of the ideological paradigm, the removal of educational restrictions, the installation on the organization of the training of proletarian students after the revolution of 1917 also affects the humanitarian education of new students. A specialist of a new type, with a Marxist worldview, must be literate and have a broad outlook. Despite the urgent need for language education, for the practical teaching of the Russian language to students and postgraduates, there was no special department of the Russian language at the Forestry Academy (LTA) until the middle of the twentieth century. Awareness of the special role of the Russian language in professional training, in the formation of the world outlook of foreign students led to the creation of the Department of the Russian language in LTA only in September 1955. During the period that has elapsed since the formation of the department, the staffing table, the list of fixed disciplines, goals, tasks and requirements in the training of students have been repeatedly changed. However, teaching philological disciplines by the staff of the Russian Language Department at the Forestry University has always been associated with a broad context of human cultural development, with the strategic goal of raising the level of speech-thinking culture that ensures effective modern communication of a linguistic personality.


Author(s):  
Mariya Viktorovna Khil'chenko

This article is dedicated to the history of emergence of the Masonic lodge in England and disclosure of the concept of “freemason”. The author reveals and describes the peculiarities of the emergence of Freemasonry, tracing its evolution from the antiquity until the XIX century. Its ancient history is divided into the two main periods (prior and after 1717, i.e. the creation of the Grand Lodge in England). The article describes such events from the history of Freemasonry as the establishment of the First Grand Lodge in England; creation of the Premier Lodge, Anderson’s Constitutions, and the Third Degree; the Great Schism of Freemasonry that tool place 1877; the Taxil hoax. Analysis is conducted on the relationship between the English and French factions of Freemasonry. The obtained results are accurate, since the analysis of the history of Freemasonry was carried based on the wide range of historical facts. The comprehensive analysis of the history of emergence of Freemasonry is carried out for the first time within the Russian-language historical literature, which defines the scientific novelty of this work. The author outlines the further prospects for studying the history of Freemasonry, such as accumulation of the reliable scientific information on the early history of the lodge, examination of the history of other Masonic factions (French, Italian, etc.), as well as the origin of Freemasonry in Russia.


2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-294
Author(s):  
Nataliya V. Semaan ◽  
Elena N. Demesheva ◽  
Tatiana V. Baher

The article is dedicated to the history of teaching the Russian language in Lebanon from the end of the XIX century to present times. The authors tried to analyze how the pivotal historical moments of Russian-Lebanese relations influenced the conditions for teaching the Russian language in Lebanon. The article provides a brief description of the programs and methods used in various educational institutions for teaching Russian in Lebanon, depending on the form in which it was in demand for its functioning (at one stage or another). First as a language taught in some Moscow schools of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society, then as a language for preserving the Russian culture of the Diaspora initially formed by first wave immigrants and finally at the present stage, Russian as a foreign language or as a native language for bilingual children of compatriots living in Lebanon.


2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 106-114
Author(s):  
Y. Kim ◽  
◽  
А. Yermekbayeva ◽  

This work is devoted to the speech impact of advertising texts, in other words, the language of advertising, the purpose of which is to attract the attention of a potential consumer by making the message as memorable and unusual as possible, lively and catchy, colorful and attractive to a potential listener / buyer. The significance of the work lies in the fact that the author, in the process of analyzing the basic structural elements of the advertising message (slogan and main body), determines the main speech techniques for the influence of advertising texts: expressive means, including metaphors, epithets metonymy, speech turns, paths, various grammatical forms and other forms of influence: nominative, one-part, verb sentences, comparative and superlative adjectives, rhymes, imperative verbs, adverbs, lexical repetition. On specific examples of advertising slogans, evidence is given that the above speech means contribute to increased demand for the advertised product or service. During the study, the author confirms the hypothesis put forward at the beginning of the study: if you skillfully use speech exposure, i.e. to choose words whose harmonious combination lays in the subconscious of a person the information transmitted to him by the manufacturer through high-quality advertising, then such an advertising text can become the key to the success of trade. The work is of great practical importance: the material presented in it can be used by students to improve the culture of speech, improve stylistically differentiated speech, as well as school teachers as methodological material in the Russian language when studying the section «Vocabulary», «Stylistics».


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Smirnova

This article examines Mikhail V. Lomonosov’s translation techniques and idiolect in his A Brief Guide to Eloquence (1748), with most of the examples being translated fragments of European literature. A comparison of the translated fragments from Cicero (the author analyses 82 excerpts from the antique orator’s works) with Lomonosov’s own Latin texts makes it possible to see some features of Lomonosov’s translation techniques. Except for the translated fragments included in the textbook on rhetoric, some of Cicero’s works were entirely translated into Russian in the eighteenth century. The author also compares Lomonosov’s translated fragments from Cicero (Cic. Leg. Man., Cat., Arch., Har. resp., etc.) with translations by K. Kondratovich, which were released twenty years after those by Lomonosov. The aim of the research is to show the peculiarities of Lomonosov’s translations, resulting both from the specifics of his translation techniques and the task of these texts as examples of Russian eloquence. The comparative method allows the author to conclude that Lomonosov managed to adequately convey the content and form in his translations and to recreate the style while closely adhering to the original – all this convinced him that the Russian language ‘stands out among all the languages of Europe in its grandeur and richness’. In Lomonosov’s translation techniques, there is a tendency for word-by-word translation and an attempt to preserve the Latin syntax; there is also a noticeable tendency to replace specific ancient culture-specific concepts with modern ones (a principle dating back to humanistic translations into Latin and vulgar languages). The translator’s adherence to the original is of practical importance for historians of literature and allows us to determine when the original text was taken from textbooks on rhetoric.


2020 ◽  
pp. 21-39
Author(s):  
Maksym Bondarenko

The article analyzes structural, word-formation and morphological peculiarities of Ukrainian oikonyms motivated by plant names. The conducted research of fixed in the «History of Cities and Villages of the Ukrainian SSR» and «Administrative and Territorial System of Ukraine» for 2019 (current list of Ukrainian oikonyms) confirmed the opinion of many linguists that the most productive way of creating names of settlements is the suffixation, on the other hand, far fewer units are formed with the help of compounding and prefixation. The following groups were distinguished on the basis of the analysis of oikonym-phrases formed from plant names: oikonym-phrase in which the noun is motivated by the plant name and the adjective indicates colour; oikonym-phrases in which one of the components is in the most cases an adjective motivated by plant name, and the main noun is one of the types of landscape, etc. We have considered some interesting oikonym-phrases which occur in all regions of Ukraine, for example, с. Кисла Дубина, с. Красні Лози, с. Мокра Рокитна etc. Some of the names of settlements have been significantly influenced by the Russian language, especially at the morphological level.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document