scholarly journals Jaw region endometriosis: case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 867-873
Author(s):  
Katherine L. Contreras Gala ◽  
Mónica Villafuerte Rozas
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Uterine Endometrium ◽  
First Case ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Tumor Region ◽  
Mandibular Region ◽  
Gynecological Disease ◽  
Extrapelvic Endometriosis ◽  
Lower Molar ◽  
Exploratory Laparoscopy

Introduction: Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease, which refers to the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine endometrium. This entity has a frequency of 10 to 15% in women of reproductive age, and its most common site of presentation is the ovary. At the extrapelvic level, the most common location is the gastrointestinal and genitourinary location. However, it can occur in any location. Presentation: The case of a 40-year-old female patient with a face tumor in the mandibular region is described, presenting with a disease time of 2 years. Among the important antecedents, two months before the appearance of the tumor region, the patient underwent endodontic surgery of a lower molar tooth, contiguous to the mandibular. Likewise, one month before the appearance of the tumor, the patient underwent an exploratory laparoscopy for electrofulguration of endometriotic foci in the uterine myometrium. The patient underwent a surgical resection of the tumor in the mandibular region described; and after reviewing the histological and immunohistochemical slides at the institution, the diagnosis of endometriosis was established. Conclusion: Extrapelvic endometriosis is rare in our country, and its diagnosis requires experience and visual training in the recognition of normal endometrial tissue. The presentation of this case was considered important because it would be the first case reported in Peru and in the world, of an endometriosis located in the mandibular region.

scholarly journals Concept of Granthi with reference to uterine fibroid: An Ayurveda review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaya Umate ◽  
Soudamini Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Uterine Fibroid ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Reproductive Life ◽  
Reproductive Life Span ◽  
Gynecological Disease ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Uterine fibroids are the commonest benign tumor of the uterus and also the commonest benign solid tumor in the female. It can cause significant morbidity in women of a reproductive life span. The exact cause of uterine fibroid is unknown. Prevalence of uterine fibroid 5 -20 % of women in the reproductive age group. It can cause significant morbidity in women of a reproductive life span. Not all fibroids cause symptoms. 50% of women are asymptomatic. Fibroids mainly cause symptoms like menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea and cause pressure symptoms on adjacent viscera i. e. bladder, uterus, rectum which affects the everyday activities of women. In Ayurveda all gynecological disease explained under the term yonivyapad. It can be explained as the anatomical and functional abnormalities of the female reproductive system. In Ayurveda granthi can be correlated with the uterine fibroid. In modern science uterine fibroid treats medically, surgically. But it is challenging to establish a satisfactory conservatory medical treatment to date. so in Ayurveda the main purpose is the management of granthi by samprapti vighatan by use of medicine.

HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF UTERINE LEIOMYOMA IN HYSTERECTOMY SPECIMENS

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-79
Author(s):  
Satyendra Kumar ◽  
Archana Jha ◽  
[Prof.] Ravi Kant Mishra ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Leiomyoma ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Benign Neoplasm ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Proliferative Endometrium ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Background: Uterine leiomyoma is the most common benign neoplasm in women of reproductive age group. Hysterectomy is a mode of therapy in uterine Leiomyoma. The objective of this study was to evaluate the histopathological changes in hysterectomy specimens with uterine leiomyomas. This is a retrospective study of one hundred sixty eight patients w Methods: ho underwent hysterectomy for uterine leiomyoma. Results: Uterine leiomyoma was most common in the age group of 41-50 years (54.76%). Most common location of leiomyoma was intramural (51.2%). Degenerative changes were seen in 10.72% cases. Hyaline degeneration was the most common type of degenera-tion (7.14%). Proliferative endometrium was the most common endometrial pattern (63.1%) in uterine leiomyoma. Associated malignant lesions were observed in 1.8 % cases of uterine leiomyoma. Uterine leiomyoma is associated wi Conclusion: th degenerative changes and coexistent benign and malignant patholologies. Histopathological examination of hysterectomy specimens should be done to conrm the diagnosis and rule out other pathologies, especially malignant lesions.

scholarly journals Novel herbs and drugs for endometriosis management: A review on current and futuristic therapies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1404-1414
Author(s):  
Komal S ◽  
Harikrishnan N ◽  
Gejalakshmi S ◽  
Kayalvizhi S ◽  
Hemamalini Baskaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Gynecological Disease ◽  
Immediate Surgery ◽  
Endometriosis Surgery

A disorder with estrogen dependency comprising of inflammatory lesions outside the uterus, causing pain and inflammation in pelvis and affecting women of reproductive age with infertility and post reproductive age is endometriosis. Endometriosis is viewed as public health issue with a major impact on quality of life of women. Medically advanced computational and chemical treatments are available to treat the progression of the disease by diagnostic imaging, clinical examinations, imaging and laparoscopy often leading to immediate surgery. A warrantable rethinking on the diagnosis and management of endometriosis is to be assessed and medical treatments should be considered as first-line option for therapeutic relief for endometriosis by suppressing the systemic estrogen levels providing desirable efficacy and safety, prior to performing endometriosis surgery. The aim of this review is to describe natural products, hormonal and non-hormonal compounds that suppress the progression of endometriosis. Various herbal, conventional and traditional therapies are investigated to treat gynecological disease, endometriosis. The information in this paper include various studies assessing the use of novel treatments in addition to the herbal and hormonal products in the endometriosis therapy. Most of the studies involved were in scrutinizing the pharmacological activity profiles of various sources of drugs in endometriosis treatment, hormonal drugs involved suppression and regulation of various hormones along with various factors like anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-proliferative and apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, anti-invasive, immunomodulatory, and estrogen modulating activity. However, novel drugs and medicinal plants are also reviewed here to draw attention to the molecules of drugs that target at multiple points for rational therapeutic treatment of endometriosis.

scholarly journals Technique and results after immediate orthotopic replantation of extracorporeally irradiated tumor bone autografts with and without fibular augmentation in extremity tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Klein ◽  
Yasmin Bakhshai ◽  
Falk Roeder ◽  
Christof Birkenmaier ◽  
Andrea Baur-Melnyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Fibular Graft ◽  
Microvascular Anastomosis ◽  
First Case ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Skeletal Defects ◽  
Common Diagnosis

Abstract Background Reconstruction of the skeletal defects resulting from the resection of bone tumors remains a considerable challenge and one of the possibilities is the orthotopic replantation of the irradiated bone autograft. One technical option with this technique is the addition of a vital autologous fibular graft, with or without microvascular anastomosis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical results of the treatment of our patient cohort with a specific view to the role of fibular augmentation. Methods Twenty-one patients with 22 reconstructions were included. In all cases, the bone tumor was resected with wide margins and in 21 of them irradiated with 300 Gy. In the first case, thermal sterilization in an autoclave was used. The autograft was orthotopically replanted and stabilized with plates and screws. Fifteen patients underwent an additional fibular augmentation, 8 of which received microvascular anastomoses or, alternatively, a locally pedicled fibular interposition. Results the most common diagnosis was a Ewing sarcoma (8 cases) and the most common location was the femur (12 cases). The mean follow-up time was 70 months (16–154 months). For our statistical analysis, the one case with autoclave sterilization and 3 patients with tumors in small bones were excluded. During follow-up of 18 cases, 55.6% of patients underwent an average of 1.56 revision surgeries. Complete bony integration of the irradiated autografts was achieved in 88.9% of cases after 13.6 months on average. In those cases with successful reintegration, the autograft was shorter (n.s.). Microvascular anastomosis in vascularized fibular strut grafts did not significantly influence the rate of pseudarthrosis. Conclusions the replantation of extracorporeally irradiated bone autografts is an established method for the reconstruction of bone defects after tumor resection. Our rate of complications is comparable to those of other studies and with other methods of bone reconstruction (e.g. prosthesis). In our opinion, this method is especially well suited for younger patients with extraarticular bone tumors that allow for joint preservation. However, these patients should be ready to accept longer treatment periods.

scholarly journals Management Comprehensive Multidisciplinary of Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors and Feto - Maternal Outcome: A Case Series Report and Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1174-1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lany Christina Prajawati Ni Luh ◽  
I Nyoman Bayu Mahendra ◽  
Ketut Suwiyoga ◽  
ING Budiana ◽  
IGP Mayun Mayura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
First Case

BACKGROUND: Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors (MOGCT) most commonly occur in young women in the reproductive age group. Timely antenatal diagnosis and treatment of the tumour to enhance maternal and perinatal outcomes are the main challenges confronting the obstetrician and the gyne-oncologist. CASE PRESENTATION: Here we present three cases of pregnancy complicated with MOGCTs. The first case (immature teratoma) was complicated by maternal psychological symptoms consistent with stress and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of premature ovarian failure (POF). The second case (dysgerminoma) preterm labour occurred as an obstetric complication, but the baby was born in good condition without IUGR. The third case (yolk sac tumour) treated with docetaxel (brexel)-carboplatin chemotherapy administration there was no maternal or fetal complication. At the end of the pregnancy and delivery, complete surgical staging and cytoreduction were performed, and no metastases were found. CONCLUSION: Optimal management strategies centre on a multi-disciplinary comprehensive team approach is critical resulting in better outcomes for the mother and the baby by avoiding complications.

scholarly journals Niclosamide suppresses macrophage-induced inflammation in endometriosis†

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 1011-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikola Sekulovski ◽  
Allison E Whorton ◽  
Tomoki Tanaka ◽  
Yasushi Hirota ◽  
Mingxin Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Secreted Factors ◽  
Limited Efficacy ◽  
Gynecological Disease

Abstract Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease, which causes chronic pelvic pain and infertility in women of reproductive age. Due to limited efficacy of current treatment options, a critical need exists to develop new and effective treatments for endometriosis. Niclosamide is an efficacious and FDA-approved drug for the treatment of helminthosis in humans that has been used for decades. We have reported that niclosamide reduces growth and progression of endometriosis-like lesions via targeting STAT3 and NFĸB signaling in a mouse model of endometriosis. To examine the effects of niclosamide on macrophage-induced inflammation in endometriosis, a total of 29 stage III–IV endometrioma samples were used to isolate human endometriotic stromal cells (hESCs). M1 or M2 macrophages were isolated and differentiated from fresh human peripheral blood samples. Then, hESCs were cultured in conditioned media (CM) from macrophages with/without niclosamide. Niclosamide dose dependently reduced cell viability and the activity of STAT3 and NFκB signaling in hESCs. While macrophage CM stimulated cell viability in hESCs, niclosamide inhibited this stimulation. Macrophage CM stimulated the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines from hESCs. Most of these secreted factors were inhibited by niclosamide. These results indicate that niclosamide is able to reduce macrophage-induced cell viability and cytokine/chemokine secretion in hESCs by inhibiting inflammatory mechanisms via STAT3 and/or NFκB signaling.

scholarly journals Physiology of the Endometrium and Regulation of Menstruation

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 1149-1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary O. D. Critchley ◽  
Jacqueline A. Maybin ◽  
Gregory M. Armstrong ◽  
Alistair R. W. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Menstrual Bleeding ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Uterine Endometrium

The physiological functions of the uterine endometrium (uterine lining) are preparation for implantation, maintenance of pregnancy if implantation occurs, and menstruation in the absence of pregnancy. The endometrium thus plays a pivotal role in reproduction and continuation of our species. Menstruation is a steroid-regulated event, and there are alternatives for a progesterone-primed endometrium, i.e., pregnancy or menstruation. Progesterone withdrawal is the trigger for menstruation. The menstruating endometrium is a physiological example of an injured or “wounded” surface that is required to rapidly repair each month. The physiological events of menstruation and endometrial repair provide an accessible in vivo human model of inflammation and tissue repair. Progress in our understanding of endometrial pathophysiology has been facilitated by modern cellular and molecular discovery tools, along with animal models of simulated menses. Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), including heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), imposes a massive burden on society, affecting one in four women of reproductive age. Understanding structural and nonstructural causes underpinning AUB is essential to optimize and provide precision in patient management. This is facilitated by careful classification of causes of bleeding. We highlight the crucial need for understanding mechanisms underpinning menstruation and its aberrations. The endometrium is a prime target tissue for selective progesterone receptor modulators (SPRMs). This class of compounds has therapeutic potential for the clinical unmet need of HMB. SPRMs reduce menstrual bleeding by mechanisms still largely unknown. Human menstruation remains a taboo topic, and many questions concerning endometrial physiology that pertain to menstrual bleeding are yet to be answered.

scholarly journals Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis Presenting as Pauci-Immune Crescentic Glomerulonephritis in Pregnancy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Kunjal ◽  
Raafat Makary ◽  
Andreea Poenariu
Keyword(s):  
Crescentic Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis ◽  
African American Woman ◽  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
American Woman ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Urine Sediment ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
First Case ◽  
In Pregnancy

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis rarely affects females of reproductive age. A 28-year-old African American woman presented at 8 weeks of gestation with intractable vomiting attributed to hyperemesis gravidarum. She was found to have acute kidney injury that was unresponsive to vigorous fluid resuscitation and urine sediment examination was suggestive of an underlying glomerulonephritis. Serum c-ANCA and PR3 were elevated and there was no peripheral eosinophilia. During her course she also developed one episode of small volume hemoptysis with right upper lobe infiltrates on CT Chest. There were no cutaneous manifestations of vasculitis or upper respiratory symptoms. Renal biopsy revealed a pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis (PICGN). The diagnosis was consistent with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Management initially comprised teratogen sparing agents; steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin; and plasma exchange. The response was suboptimal and she became dependent on daily renal replacement therapy. Ultimately the pregnancy was terminated allowing for traditional treatment approaches with dramatic effect. This is the first case of GPA presenting as PICGN in pregnancy and highlights the challenges of its management.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal and Urinary Tract Endometriosis: A Review on the Commonest Locations of Extrapelvic Endometriosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitra Charatsi ◽  
Ourania Koukoura ◽  
Irontianta Gkorezi Ntavela ◽  
Foteini Chintziou ◽  
Georgia Gkorila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sigmoid Colon ◽  
Obstructive Uropathy ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Bowel Function ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Pelvic Endometriosis ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Suitable Definition ◽  
Extrapelvic Endometriosis

Extrapelvic endometriosis is a rare entity that presents serious challenges to researchers and clinicians. Endometriotic lesions have been reported in every part of the female human body and in some instances in males. Organs that are close to the uterus are more often affected than distant locations. Extrapelvic endometriosis affects a slightly older population of women than pelvic endometriosis. This might lead to the assumption that it takes several years for pelvic endometriosis to “metastasize” outside the pelvis. All current theories of the pathophysiology of endometriosis apply to some extent to the different types of extrapelvic endometriosis. The gastrointestinal tract is the most common location of extrapelvic endometriosis with the urinary system being the second one. However, since sigmoid colon, rectum, and bladder are pelvic organs, extragenital pelvic endometriosis may be a more suitable definition for endometriotic implants related to these organs than extrapelvic endometriosis. The sigmoid colon is the most commonly involved, followed by the rectum, ileum, appendix, and caecum. Most lesions are confined in the serosal layer; however, deeper lesion can alter bowel function and cause symptoms. Bladder and ureteral involvement are the most common sites concerning the urinary system. Unfortunately, ureteral endometriosis is often asymptomatic leading to silent obstructive uropathy and renal failure. Surgical excision of the endometriotic tissue is the ideal treatment for all types of extrapelvic endometriosis. Adjunctive treatment might be useful in selected cases.

Mesial hyperdontia in Sigmodontinae (Rodentia: Cricetidae), with comments on the evolution of the anteroconid in Myomorpha

Mammalia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Aldo Caccavo ◽  
Marcelo Weksler
Keyword(s):  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Dental Anomalies ◽  
Evolutionary Transition ◽  
Supernumerary Teeth ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Right ◽  
Molar Morphology ◽  
Lower Molar ◽  
Lower Premolar

Abstract Supernumerary teeth are common dental anomalies reported in rodents, mainly occurring distally to molars. We report the first case of mesial hyperdontia in wild-caught sigmodontine: a simplified tooth anterior to the right first lower molar in Neacomys amoenus. It affected the first molar morphology, which exhibits an underdeveloped mesial region with a reduced anterior conulid, a similar pattern observed in early known myomorph fossils, including lineages that still possess the last premolar. However, only lineages without premolar display an elongated first lower molar with a large anteroconid, as observed in extant Myomorpha. During the odontogenesis in myomorphs, the posteriormost vestigial diastemal tooth bud, located at the same locus of the last lower premolar, has its development arrested and merges with the cap of the first molar. This process might have contributed to the development of an increased anteroconid in this lineage. The abnormal Neacomys’ atavistic phenotype corroborates the hypothesis that the absorption of the primordium of the last lower premolar had played an important role in the development of first molar’s mesial region. Additionally, it also might have promoted the evolutionary transition from a reduced conulid into an enlarged anteroconid, as deduced from the fossil record and developmental evidence

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