scholarly journals Kuzbass: structural factors of regional dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-118
Author(s):  
Yuri A. Fridman ◽  
Galina N. Rechko ◽  
Ekaterina Yu. Loginova ◽  
Olesya I. Khokhrina
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Negative Contribution ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
Regional Dynamics ◽  
Regional Component ◽  
Regional Factors ◽  
Diversification Mechanism ◽  
National Trends ◽  
Structural Shifts

The article on the basis of the method of structural shifts analyzed the dynamics and structural transformations of employment and production of gross value added (GVA) in the Kemerovo region - Kuzbass. The authors attempted a quantitative analysis of the contribution of structural factors to economic dynamics, as well as an assessment of trends in diversification of region production. The basis for the calculations was compiled by state statistics for 2007-2018. It was shown that during this period regional employment dynamics were determined mainly by regional factors, whose contribution to the growth of this indicator turned out to be negative. In turn, the dynamics of GVA production was due to a complex of national trends and regional factors, whose influence was multi-directional (the positive effect of macroeconomic conditions and the negative contribution of the regional component). The contribution of structural shifts to the growth of the GVA was negative and insignificant, and the reduction in the number of employees in Kuzbass took place with an almost unchanged structure. To date, in the Kemerovo region, using a diversification mechanism, it has not been possible to create an economy structure resistant to internal and external shocks: coal mining remains the fundamental basis of the region's economy. All this gives reason to state that the structure of the economy that was formed in Soviet times, and the features "inherited" by it since then, continue to determine the dynamics of the development of Kuzbass and serve as a strategic challenge for the region.

EXPRESS: Households under Economic Change: How Micro- and Macroeconomic Conditions Shape Grocery Shopping Behavior

2021 ◽  
pp. 002224292110368
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Scholdra ◽  
Julian R. K. Wichmann ◽  
Maik Eisenbeiss ◽  
Werner J. Reinartz
Keyword(s):  
Business Cycle ◽  
Shopping Behavior ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Grocery Shopping ◽  
National Brands ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
Spending Behavior ◽  
Shopping Basket ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
Structural Shifts

Economic conditions may significantly affect households' shopping behavior and, by extension, retailers' and manufacturers' firm performance. By explicitly distinguishing between two basic types of economic conditions—micro conditions in terms of households' personal income and macro conditions in terms of the business cycle—this study analyzes how households adjust their grocery shopping behavior. The authors observe more than 5,000 households over eight years and analyze shopping outcomes in terms of what, where, and how much they shop and spend. Results show that micro and macro conditions substantially influence shopping outcomes, but in very different ways. Microeconomic changes lead households to adjust primarily their overall purchase volume—that is, after losing income, households buy fewer products and spend less in total. In contrast, macroeconomic changes cause pronounced structural shifts in households' shopping basket allocation and spending behavior. Specifically, during contractions, households shift purchases toward private labels while also buying and consequently spending more than during expansions. During expansions, however, households increasingly purchase national brands but keep their total spending constant. The authors discuss psychological and sociological mechanisms that can explain the differential effects of micro and macro conditions on shopping behavior and develop important diagnostic and normative implications for retailers and manufacturers.

scholarly journals Coal cluster as a structural factor in the development of Kuzbass

2021 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 04004
Author(s):  
Yuri Fridman ◽  
Galina Rechko ◽  
Olesya Khokhrina
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
Employment Dynamics ◽  
The Status ◽  
Analysis Of Dynamics ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Negative Factors

The article contains the results of the analysis of dynamics and structural transformations of employment and production of gross value added (GVA), carried out by the authors on the material of Kuzbass. The study was carried out using the shift-share analysis for 2007–2018. We can state that the employment dynamics, which was negative during this period, was determined primarily by regional factors. The dynamics of GVA was influenced by national (positive) and regional (negative) factors. The contribution of structural shifts to the growth of GVA over the past decade was negative and insignificant, and the decline in the number of employed occurred with a scarcely changed employment pattern. The coal cluster remains the core of the Kuzbass economy and retains the status of its most efficient sector – there are no obvious candidates for the role of a new leader. Meanwhile, the high dependence of the coal industry on external macroeconomic conditions, fluctuations in world markets, makes the strategic outlook of the entire region's economy vulnerable and unstable. Therefore, it is important to find and implement such model of the socio-economic transformation of Kuzbass, which will help protect and ensure the stability of the region for decades to come.

scholarly journals The Shift-Share Method: An Instrument for Analyzing the Dynamics of Industry Structure of the Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 36-47
Author(s):  
Т. Ye. Trubnik ◽  
О. К. Mazurenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
Regional Factors ◽  
Bank System ◽  
The Impact

The socio-economic events of the latest years and uncertainties in the vectors of development of the economic environment cause the need for robust statistical assessment. An important area of studies of the modern economy is determining the type of economic growth. The shift-share method is applied to determine the effect of the impact of national, industrial and regional factors on the dynamics of economic growth. The shares of effects (effects of the impact) caused by national economy trends, industry mix and region-specific factors are identified and analyzed. The position of economic activities in the industry mix of the Kyiv economy is analyzed and assessed by indicators of gross value added and number of employees with consideration to three components. The impact of each of them caused by the national factors, the established industry mix of the national economy and the internal competitiveness of a specific industry of the region are characterized. Factor decomposition of the change in the indicators caused by the national component, industry-specific and region-specific effects reveals that the overall growth in the gross value added by economic activity in Kyiv is to a large extent conditional on the effective industry policy and to the least extent on regional factors. However, the employment reduction in the Ukrainian capital was caused by the impact of national and industry factors, and was not compensated by the positive local effect. It is revealed that the stable flagship position is taken by financial and insurance activities, in spite of recent reforms in the bank sector with cleansing the bank system from ineffective and nontransparent entities. Kyiv remains to be the core center for concentration of financial services. The progressive growth in the construction market meets the needs of the megalopolis with its increasing population. The residents’ desire to expand the dwelling size and improve the living conditions helps improve business climate in the construction sector, increase its growth rates and share in the gross regional product (indirectly, through the gross value added).       The section “Information and telecommunications” stands steadily on the top positions. Its rapid development, as a signal of the digital economy, enables for momentary exchanges of information and services on the domestic and external market, thus creating favorable prospects.   The analysis of the composition of the problem group and the outsider group among the economic activities reveals the stable presence of manufacturing and social industries. Enterprises of the sections “Manufacturing”, “Supply of electricity, gas, steam and conditioned air”, “Supply of water, sanitation, treatment of wastes” have a stock of problems and system drawbacks; they suffer from lack of investment and innovation, they have no strong orientation on the challenges of modernity and market needs, which weakens the positions of the Ukrainian capitals’ economy as the industrial center. It is proposed to use the graphic method for illustrating the distribution of economic activities in Kyiv by quality characteristics of operation. The factors accelerating or hampering the development of economic activities in the region are determined. Recommendations on management decisions related with future operation of industries referred to as “leaders”, “regulars”, problematic industries and outsiders are given.

scholarly journals DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN INNOVATIVE AND STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION OF UKRAINE'S ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sokolova Olga
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Var Model ◽  
Tertiary Sector ◽  
Management Of Innovation ◽  
Intermediate Consumption ◽  
Secondary Sector ◽  
Structural Shifts

The article substantiates the role of artificial intelligence in procuring the management of innovation and structural transformation of the economy. The analysis of structural shifts in gross value added in the economy of Ukraine during 2002–2019 is carried out. Solow’s residuals are calculated for the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors. The expediency of managing the innovative and structural transformation of Ukraine's economy on the basis of changes in the level of Solow's residual in that sector and in the period of time determined by big data analysis by artificial intelligence is proved. A VAR model was built in the EViews environment for Solow’s residuals in three sectors of the Ukrainian economy. Based on variance decomposition and IRF, it is established that increasing the share of intermediate consumption by the secondary sector of education, ICT, professional, scientific and technical services will increase Solow's residual in the secondary sector in two years, in the tertiary sector in three years and in the primary sector in four years, which will affect the increase in output in Ukraine during these three years.

scholarly journals Structural Shifts in the Economy of the Amur Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
A. V. Vasilyeva
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Amur Region ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Structural Shifts

The article provides an economic and statistical review of the structural changes in the economy of the Amur Region from 2004 to 2016. An analysis of regional statistics on the industrial structure of gross value added (GVA) over the period under review allowed the author to identify quantitative parameters identifying economic activities that determine the characteristics of the modern economy of the region, and those that have not been developed.Based on statistical calculations, it was concluded that leading economic activities in the Amur Region are «Transport and Communication», «Mining and quarrying», «Wholesale and retail trade».The primary objective of the study was to determine the degree of intensity of structural shifts in the regional economy and identify the main trends of its development. The «absolute» gains and growth factors of the relative structural components of the GVA for the Amur Region for the period under review were calculated to characterize these structural changes.According to the author, the calculations indicate the absence of a positive transformation in the structure of the regional economy. Thus, the intensive development of the commodity sectors of the economy continues, and the low growth rates of the manufacturing industries are noted. To carry out a summary assessment of structural changes in the regional economy, the author has calculated the linear and quadratic coefficients of the «absolute» structural changes. The results provide an opportunity to more accurately identify critical areas for investment, as well as support those economic activities that will allow the region to maximize its potential benefits.

scholarly journals An examination of refugee protection attitudes in Southeast Asia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Yin Cheung Lam
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Refugee Protection ◽  
Refugee Law ◽  
Regional Dynamics ◽  
External Pressures ◽  
Regional Factors ◽  
International Refugee Law ◽  
Internal Pressures

<p>This thesis examines how Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand and Malaysia sought to articulate attitudes towards refugee protection during the Indochinese and Rohingya refugee crises. While countries in Southeast Asia are known to be reluctant to discuss and participate in refugee protection, preferring to follow the norm of non-interference encapsulated in the ‘ASEAN Way’ in recent years, over time, attitudes towards refugee protection have varied significantly. The thesis explores the internal and external pressures that have impacted on changing perceptions of refugee protection in Southeast Asia. To explore changes in refugee protection attitudes, I conduct a comparative case study between the Indochinese and Rohingya refugee crises, analysing the responses and the rationale justifying the level of refugee protection in Thailand and Malaysia. These two countries have employed a variety of arguments such as ethnicity, religion and economic costs of treaty accession to inform their practices of refugee protection. In addition, regional/international dynamics and the labelling of refugees have also affected the level of refugee protection as well. Overall, their selective engagement with international refugee law; ethnic considerations; regional influences and the securitisation of refugee crises contribute most to arguments as to why refugee protection attitudes in Southeast Asia have remained poor. My findings indicate that due to the overlapping nature of these factors, any examination of refugee protection attitudes cannot be answered adequately by a single explanation, be it the practice of non-interference or a non-ratification of the 1951 Refugee Convention. These attitudes are mostly influenced by internal pressures, with national and regional factors interacting in tandem to produce higher levels of insecurity for the refugees studied in this thesis. Ultimately, this thesis will demonstrate that while refugee protection attitudes in the two refugee crises were influenced by shifting notions of national security, race and regional dynamics, not much has changed in terms of the consequences for refugees.</p>

The dynamics of structural shifts in regional economies amid the advent of convergent technologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 818-837
Author(s):  
E.A. Petrova ◽  
V.V. Kalinina ◽  
A.A. Trukhlyaeva ◽  
E.A. Fokina
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Structural Dynamic ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
Economic Growth Rates ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Structural Shifts

Subject. The article studies economic growth rates by quantifying structural shifts in the economy, and analyzes the relationship of their intensity. Objectives. The study quantifies the dynamics of structural shifts in the region's economy and identifies the correlation of economic development and convergent technologies in Russia nationally and regionally. The study is to conclude on the efficiency of economic processes from geographical perspectives. Methods. We conduct the structural-dynamic analysis of economic systems. To quantify structural shifts, we apply the Ryabtsev index and Gatev index to identify the structural shifts by their intensity and efficiency. The empirical framework includes statistical data on gross value added broken down by sector, types of ICT costs for 2005–2019. Gross value added spreads across 15 types of business activities. ICT costs comprise six types. Results. We assessed the dynamics of the Ryabtsev index and Gatev index by sector and their gross value added in Russia and some regions. The article analyzed the comparability of structural shifts in the economy and ICT costs. Conclusions and Relevance. We quantified the structural shifts in sectors of gross value added and discovered that the structural shifts are inconsistent nationally and regionally. We also assess the correlation of the structural dynamics in the economy and ICT.

The weakness of social dialogue in the Baltic countries: An employer-centric political economy perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-242
Author(s):  
Marius Kalanta
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Value Added ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Wage Setting ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
Social Dialogue ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Price Trends ◽  
The Baltic

Social dialogue is underdeveloped in the Baltic countries. This is often attributed to weak labour institutions and low mobilization, but I argue that employers’ motivation to engage in multi-employer bargaining is a crucial precondition for social dialogue. I build on scholarship in comparative political economy that links the long-run stability of collective bargaining to export competitiveness, and investigate why enterprises in the Baltic countries do not use multi-employer bargaining as an institutional instrument for wage coordination, even though economic growth is export-led. Until recently, employers lacked interest in coordinated wage-setting because of macroeconomic conditions: in particular favourable price trends in international markets which resulted in significantly higher value added without additional investments in efficiency, reducing structural pressure to align wages with productivity. Therefore, the strategies currently employed by Baltic enterprises are not complementary with social dialogue institutions.

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