scholarly journals Perceived Discrimination as Predictor of Stress Appraisal and Mental Health among Students of Higher Education: An Analysis through Mediating Effect of Socio-Demographic Factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitendra Kumar Kushwaha
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Higher Education ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Stress Appraisal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Discrimination is unfavourable treatment based on the prejudice one hold about other person. Indian society is characterized by the caste and caste based discrimination which can be seen in higher education system very clearly. Therefore, the study is intended to assess the effect of perceived discrimination on the stress appraisal among the students of higher education and its consequential impact on mental health. For this purpose, a sample of 720 students of under-graduate and post-graduate with diverse socio-economic background has been selected. The sample is taken from four universities of Uttar Pradesh by utilizing multi-stage-stratified systematic sampling method. By using SPSS, collected data is analysed and it is noticed that there is significant difference in the degree of perceived discrimination and stress appraisal of students which is mediated by caste, income of the family and age of the students. Higher level of perceived discrimination leads to higher stress appraisal. From regression analysis, it is prominently emerged that caste has significant explained variance on the stress appraisal. However, perceived discrimination also has significant predicting value over the appraisal of stress among the students of higher education. Altogether, perceived discrimination can explain 20.7 percent variance on stress appraisal when other independent socio-demographic factors are in control. This explained variance is significant statistically at 0.01level.

Occupational Stress among Team Leaders Working in IT Companies in Bangalore

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Hemalatha K ◽  
Noopura Sundaresh
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Team Leaders ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

The research aims to measure occupational stress of team leaders working at IT companies in Bangalore. The study also focuses on assessing the levels of occupational stress on four socio demographic factors i.e. age, gender, marital status and working hours. A sample of 100 team leaders working in three different IT companies were studied using occupational stress index by AP Singh and AK Srivastava. The results showed that 52% of the respondents have low occupational stress and 48% of the respondents have high occupational stress. There is no significant difference between male and female executions with respect to occupational stress. The team leaders who are above the age of 30 years tend to experience higher occupational stress than the team leaders who are under the age of 30 years. Team leaders who are divorced have higher occupational stress than the others .Team leaders who work more than 10 hours per day experience higher occupational stress than team leaders who work less than ten hours. Keywords: Occupational stress, team leaders, IT sector

Predictors of mental health among Angolan migrants living in Portugal

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Neto ◽  
Tharina Guse
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sociocultural Adaptation ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of mental health among Angolan migrants living in Portugal. Three research questions guided this work: What is the influence of demographic factors on the mental health of Angolan migrants? What is the influence of acculturation factors on their mental health? What is the influence of adaptation factors on their mental health? Design/methodology/approach The sample consisted of 252 Angolan migrants living in Portugal (50.8 percent females) with a mean age of 36 years. The mean duration of stay in Portugal was 21 years. Findings The predictive factors – demographic, acculturation and adaptation factors – were significantly associated with Angolan migrants’ mental health. However, acculturation and adaptation factors accounted for a larger proportion of the explained variance in mental health problems than demographic factors. The major predictors of mental health problems were sociocultural adaptation, perceived discrimination and loneliness. Implications of the findings for future research and psychosocial interventions are discussed. Originality/value This study shed some light on the predictive factors of mental health problems among adult Angolan immigrants in Portugal, a previously neglected group of migrants in the research literature. Adding to existing knowledge on the mental health outcomes of migration, the findings suggest that, for this group, sociocultural adaptation, perceived discrimination and loneliness were the main predictors of psychological problems, rather than demographic factors. This evidence may be useful in the development of psychosocial interventions and policy to support Angolan migrants in their adaptation to Portuguese culture.

scholarly journals Determining Acceptance of e-mental Health Interventions in Digital Psychodiabetology: Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjam Damerau ◽  
Martin Teufel ◽  
Venja Musche ◽  
Hannah Kohler ◽  
Adam Schweda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Unified Theory ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Diabetes Patients

BACKGROUND Diabetes is a very common chronic disease, which confronts patients with massive physiological and psychological burdens. The digitalization of mental health care has generated effective e-mental health approaches, which bear indubitable practical value to patient treatment. However, before implementing and optimizing e-mental health tools, their acceptance and underlying barriers and resources should be determined first in order to be able to develop and establish effective patient-oriented interventions. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the acceptance of e-mental health interventions in diabetes patients and to explore its underlying barriers and resources. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in Germany over a period of two months in 2020 through an online survey recruited via online diabetes channels. Eligibility requirement was adult age (18 or above), a good command of the German language, internet access and a diagnosis of diabetes. Acceptance was measured using a modified questionnaire, which was based on the well-established Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and assessed health-related internet use, acceptance of e-mental health interventions and its barriers and resources. Mental health was measured using validated and established instruments, namely the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7, the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 and the Distress Thermometer. Additionally, socio-demographic and medical data regarding diabetes were asked RESULTS Of 340 participants starting the survey 76.8 % completed it, resulting in 261 participants and a final sample of 258 participants with complete datasets. The acceptance of e-mental health interventions in diabetes patients was overall moderate (M = 3.02, SD = 1.14). Sex and suffering from a mental disorder had a significant influence on acceptance (P < .001). In an extended UTAUT regression model (UTAUT predictors plus socio-demographics and mental health variables) acceptance was significantly predicted by distress (β = .11, P = .027) as well as by the UTAUT predictors performance expectancy (PE) (β = .50, P < .001), effort expectancy (EE) (β = .15, P = .001), and social influence (SI) (β = .28, P < .001). The comparison between an extended UTAUT regression model (13 predictors) and the UTAUT only regression model (PE, EE, SI) revealed no significant difference in explained variance (F10,244 = 1.567, P =.117). CONCLUSIONS This study supports the viability of the UTAUT model and its predictors in assessing acceptance of e-mental health interventions in diabetes patients. Three UTAUT predictors reached a notable amount of explained variance in acceptance of 75 %, indicating being a very useful and efficient method for measuring e-mental health intervention acceptance of diabetic patients. Due to the close link between acceptance and utilization, acceptance facilitating interventions focusing on these three UTAUT predictors should be fostered to bring forward the highly needed establishment of effective e-mental health interventions in psychodiabetology.

scholarly journals The effects of socio-demographic factors and work-life balance on employees’ emotional exhaustion

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Türker Tuğsal
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

The object of the research is observing the effects of socio-demographic factors and work-life balance on employees’ emotional exhaustion. The sample of the research consists of 261 participants in retailing, education, service, industry and logistics sectors. In line with the theoretical background, proper methods that are hierarchical regression analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) are implemented. The contribution of the research to the existing literature is exploring the relationship between socio-demographic factors, work-life balance and burnout by carrying out the implementation in organizations. Findings of the research demonstrate that the predictor with the highest effect on emotional exhaustion is the variable named taking time for oneself. The predictor with the lowest effect is variable named life is just working. Briefly we can say, it could be argued that emotional exhaustion declines by .398 units should taking time for oneself increases 1 unit. Emotional exhaustion decreases by .223 units whether work-life accordance is changed by 1 unit. Emotional exhaustion drops .196 units should life is just working increases 1 unit. By contrast, when you change neglecting life 1 unit, emotional exhaustion decreases by .202 units. Should carrying work to home changes 1 unit, emotional exhaustion increases by .313 units. To sum up, regarding to marital status, monthly total income and sector; there are significant differences between the groups in the levels of emotional exhaustion of employees. It appears that there is no significant difference between other groups.

SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS AND LOCUS OF CONTROL ON MENTAL HEALTH AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS.

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-55
Author(s):  
Sameeta N g ◽  
Meena H
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
College Life ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
College Going ◽  
Time To Learn ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Oriented Activity

Background and objectives: To study the relationship between socio-demographic factors and locus of control on mental health among college students.Methods: The sample size consists of 150 cases of college going students out of which 75 cases were males and 75 cases were females. Students within the age group of 18-23 years and who were willing to participate and give informed consent were selected through stratied random sampling technique. The semi structured performa, Rotter's locus of control scale by Anand Kumar and Srivastava and mental health inventory by Jagdish and Srivastava were used to collect the data. Results: The nding of the study showed no relationship between the socio demographic proles of the study sample and locus of control. Further it was found that the overall mental health and locus of control have no relationship. However, the present study showed an association between two components of mental health (positive self evaluation and group oriented attitude) and locus of control indicating that students with internal locus of control have more positive self evaluation and group oriented activity than those who have an external locus of control.Conclusion: The present study concluded that the socio demographic factors had no relationship with the locus of control of the students and also there was no association with the overall mental health of the students with the locus of control. The stage of transition from school to college life is marked by a lot of adjustment issues and stress associated with academic pressure and various other environmental factors. This is a crucial time to learn and adopt adaptive and healthy ways of dealing with the various demands of the new environment. The study would enable students to understand how they give meaning to events in life and thus will help them understand themselves better. Further the current study would also be helpful in exploring the level of mental health of the students and providing necessary intervention if needed.

Predicting Acceptance of e-Mental Health Interventions in Patients with Obesity by using an extended Unified Theory of Acceptance Model (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Rentrop ◽  
Mirjam Damerau ◽  
Adam Schweda ◽  
Jasmin Steinbach ◽  
Lynik Chantal Schüren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Unified Theory ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Utaut Model ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Health Burdens ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND The rapid increase in the number of overweight and obese people is a worldwide health problem. Obesity is often associated with physiological and mental health burdens. Due to several barriers of face-to-face psychotherapy, one promising approach is to exploit recent developments and implement innovative e-mental health interventions that offer various benefits to obese patients as well as for the healthcare system. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the acceptance of e-mental health interventions in patients with obesity and explore its influencing predictors. In addition, the well-established, Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model (UTAUT) will be compared with an extended UTAUT model in terms of variance explanation of acceptance. METHODS A cross-sectional online survey study was conducted from July 2020 to January 2021 in Germany. Eligibility requirement was adult age (18 or above), internet access, a good command of the German language, and a BMI > 30 kg/m2 (obesity). 448 patients with obesity (grade I, II and III) were recruited via specialized social media platforms. The impact of various socio-demographic, medical, and mental health characteristics were assessed. eHealth-related data and acceptance of e-mental health interventions were examined using a modified questionnaire, which is based on the UTAUT. RESULTS Acceptance of e-mental health interventions in obese patients was overall moderate (M = 3.18, SD = 1.11). There are significant differences in acceptance of e-mental health interventions among obese patients depending on the degree of obesity, age, gender, occupational status, and mental health status. In an extended UTAUT regression model acceptance was significantly predicted by the depression score (PHQ-8) (β = .07, P = .028), stress due to constant availability via mobile phone or email (β = .06, P = .024) and the confidence in using digital media (β = -.058, P = .042), as well as by the UTAUT core predictors performance expectancy (PE) (β = .45, P < .001), effort expectancy (EE) (β = .22, P < .001), and social influence (SI) (β = .27, P < .001). The comparison between an extended UTAUT model (16 predictors) and the restrictive UTAUT model (PE, EE, SI) revealed a significant difference in explained variance (F13,431= 2.366, P = .005). CONCLUSIONS The UTAUT model has proven to be a valuable instrument to predict the acceptance of e-mental health interventions in patients with obesity. Furthermore, when additional predictors were added, a significantly higher percentage of explained variance in acceptance could be achieved. Based on the strong association between acceptance and future utilization, new interventions should focus on these UTAUT predictors to promote the urgently needed establishment of effective e-mental health interventions for patients with obesity, who suffer from mental health burdens.

Relationship between perceived stress, general self-efficacy and socio-demographic factors of an undergraduate student population in Sri Lanka: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
L. H. Walpola ◽  
P. J. Wijekumar ◽  
S. S. Wadduwage ◽  
N. D. K. Ranadeva ◽  
S. Chakrewarthy
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
General Self Efficacy

Nearly 80% of students in higher education worldwide experience psychological stress during their university life due to various stressors. Stress among students can be viewed as the body’s reaction, both neurologically and physiologically, to adapt to new conditions. Stress can lead to poor academic performance and underachievement among students. The present study assessed the levels of perceived stress, general self-efficacy, and their association with socio-demographic factors among a selected group of undergraduates at a higher educational institute. A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed using stratified random sampling among 393 undergraduates. The data were collected through the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and a questionnaire to determine the socio-demographic factors. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. The mean age of the sample (n=393) was 22.36±2.33 years. The results showed a mean perceived stress score of 20.72±4.96, indicating moderate perceived stress. The majority of the participants (79.4%) had moderate perceived stress, followed by high stress (12.7%) and low stress (7.4%). There was no significant difference between the stress levels of male and female students. No significant association was observed between perceived stress and socio-demographic factors assessed (age, gender, civil status, residence status, financial status, the program of study, employment prospects) using the chi-squared test. Spearman correlation showed a statistically significant negative correlation between perceived stress levels and general self-efficacy (p<0.001, r = -0.293). Intervention strategies to reduce perceived stress and to improve general self-efficacy should be implemented among the undergraduates. Further studies are needed to understand the factors contributing to stress and their interrelations among undergraduate students. Keywords: Perceived stress, General self-efficacy, Higher education

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