scholarly journals The peculiarities of breeding and seed growing work and technological methods of sunflower cultivation in relation to climate change (review)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (184) ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
A.D. Bochkovoy ◽  
◽  
V.A. Kamardin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Current State ◽  
Technological Methods ◽  
Seed Growing

The review provides the information on the current state and prospects of breeding and seed growing work and technological methods of sunflower cultivation in relation to climate change based on the analysis of domestic and foreign sources of scientific literature. We established the important role of observing scientifically based agricultural technologies for obtaining the maximum economic effect when introducing the latest breeding achievements. The article reviews the issues of further improvement of research work related to the increase in sunflower production.

scholarly journals Water Retention in Nature-Based Solutions—Assessment of Potential Economic Effects for Local Social Groups

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3347
Author(s):  
Zwoździak Jerzy ◽  
Szałata Łukasz ◽  
Zwoździak Anna ◽  
Kwiecińska Kornelia ◽  
Byelyayev Maksym
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Impact

The upcoming trends related to climate change are increasing the level of interest of social groups in solutions for the implementation and the realization of activities that will ensure the change of these trends and can reduce the impact on the environment, including the health of the community exposed to these impacts. The implementation of solutions aimed at improving the quality of the environment requires taking into account not only the environmental aspects but also the economic aspect. Taking into account the analysis of solutions changing the current state of climate change, the article focuses on the analysis of the potential economic effect caused by the implementation of nature-based solutions (NBSs) in terms of reducing the operating costs related to water retention for local social groups. The analysis is based on a case study, one of the research projects studying nature-based solutions, created as part of the Grow Green project (H2020) in Wrocław in 2017–2022. The results of the analysis are an observed potential positive change in economic effects, i.e., approximately 85.90% of the operating costs related to water retention have been reduced for local social groups by NBSs.

Science and Climate Change Law—The Role of the IPCC in International Decision-Making

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navraj Singh Ghaleigh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United Nations Environment Programme ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Current State ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
Change Climate

This chapter describes the contributions of the scientific community in the development of international climate change law, highlighting in particular the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC’s) assessment and research of the scientific, technical, and socio-economic information relevant for the understanding of the risk of climate change. Since the Panel’s establishment under the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in 1988, it has released several scientific papers that provide a clear scientific view on the current state of knowledge in climate change. The chapter examines the core of the IPCC’s assessment reports, which are divided into three working groups that deal respectively with the ‘Physical Science Basis of Climate Change’, ‘Climate Change Impact, Adaptation and Vulnerability’, and ‘Mitigation of Climate Change’. The IPCC also addresses specific areas, such as renewable energy, disaster management, and climate engineering.

scholarly journals Adaptation to Climate Change and Regional Planning: A Scrutiny of Sectoral Instruments

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Ledda ◽  
Elisabetta Di Cesare ◽  
Giovanni Satta ◽  
Gianluca Cocco ◽  
Giovanna Calia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Regional Planning ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
European Mediterranean Region

Adaptation to climate change means adjustment of human and natural systems to climatic actual or expected events, in order to minimize damage or maximize benefit. Adaptation implies involvement, coordination, and cooperation of different actors and sectors. Multi-actor collaboration usually characterizes the drafting of regional plans, which act as bridges between national and local administrative levels. Regional administrations address resilience issues, through spatial planning processes. This study focuses on the regional plans adopted by the Autonomous Region of Sardinia (Italy), south European Mediterranean region, an area that will be negatively affected by climate change in the coming decades. We aim at proposing a method for scrutinizing regional plans related to spatial planning issues, by using criteria rooted in the scientific literature and adaptation strategies. We found out that (i) the scientific literature did not sufficiently address the role of regional plans in the context of adaptation to climate change and (ii) the method proposed and applied in this study highlights whether some key adaptation issues are included in the plans, and might make aware planners and policy makers of basic information concerning the interplay ‘regional planning vs. adaptation to climate change’.

From GCMs to river flow: a review of downscaling methods and hydrologic modelling approaches

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong-yu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Hydrologic Models ◽  
Hydrologic Modelling ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

The scientific literature of the past decade contains a large number of reports detailing the development of downscaling methods and the use of hydrologic models to assess the potential effects of climate change on a variety of water resource issues. This article reviews the current state of methodologies for simulating hydrological responses to global climate change. Emphasis is given to recent advances in climatic downscaling and the problems related to the practical application of appropriate models in impact studies. Following a discussion of the advantages and deficiencies of the various approaches, challenges for the future study of the hydrological impacts of climate change are identified.

scholarly journals Innovations in Economic Development in the Modern Conditions of Globalization: Experience of Kazakhstan and Foreign Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 3985-3993
Author(s):  
Dugalova Gulnar ◽  
Tuzubekova Madina ◽  
Belgibaeva Kuralay ◽  
Sarybayeva Inara ◽  
Yesturliyeva Aigul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
New Products ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Widespread Distribution ◽  
Current State ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Key Driver ◽  
The Impact

In this article, the authors conducted a study and analysis of the impact of innovations on the economies of countries, the current state and development of innovative activities, the introduction of new technologies, characterized by an increase in the role of their results in the life of mankind. The mechanisms of support from the state and business of research work, the creation of special educational programs for young scientists and innovators, and spaces where they could develop innovative technologies are considered. At a certain stage of innovation, the role of innovation, the introduction and widespread distribution of new products, is a key driver of growth.

National research planning accelerates relevance and immediacy of climate-adaptation science

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott D. Ling ◽  
Alistair J. Hobday
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Research Planning ◽  
The Face ◽  
Fisheries Conservation ◽  
General Scientific

Adapting to climate change is contingent on an ability to adjust before opportunity is lost. Given that research funding to understand adaptation is limited, rapid return on investment is critical. For Australian marine environments, climate-change impacts are well documented and adaptation opportunities have been identified across aquaculture, fisheries, conservation and tourism sectors. Here, we have evaluated the recent Australian scientific literature to determine (1) the degree to which climate-change impacts and adaptation have been addressed across sectors, and, specifically, (2) the role of a major research program instituted in 2009 to address priority climate-change questions for these sectors, namely, Australia’s ‘National Climate Change Adaptation Research Plan for Marine Biodiversity and Resources’ (MNARP). Although the number of priority questions addressed by the general scientific literature increased in the 2009–2015 period, there was a 92% increase in the number of priority questions addressed during the peak of MNARP (2013–2014). MNARP research also addressed a greater range of priority questions than did the general scientific literature, which showed consistency in the questions and study systems examined. Overall, structured research planning focussed attention on key climate-change questions, which is a critical consideration for enacting adaptation in the face of rapid climate change.

Modelling climate change: the role of unresolved processes

2005 ◽  
Vol 363 (1837) ◽  
pp. 2931-2946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D Williams
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Random Noise ◽  
Climate System ◽  
Personal Perspective ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Current State ◽  
Explicit Consideration ◽  
Key Aspects

Our understanding of the climate system has been revolutionized recently, by the development of sophisticated computer models. The predictions of such models are used to formulate international protocols, intended to mitigate the severity of global warming and its impacts. Yet, these models are not perfect representations of reality, because they remove from explicit consideration many physical processes which are known to be key aspects of the climate system, but which are too small or fast to be modelled. The purpose of this paper is to give a personal perspective of the current state of knowledge regarding the problem of unresolved scales in climate models. A recent novel solution to the problem is discussed, in which it is proposed, somewhat counter-intuitively, that the performance of models may be improved by adding random noise to represent the unresolved processes.

Semantic Modelling of Resource Dependability for SLA-Based Service Governance

2012 ◽  
pp. 401-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Hall-May ◽  
Ajay Chakravarthy ◽  
Thomas Leonard ◽  
Mike Surridge
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Semantic Model ◽  
Flexible Approach ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Current State ◽  
Semantic Modelling ◽  
Resource Capacity

In this chapter we present a survey of research work related to the semantic modelling of security, semantic SLA modelling, and the current state of the art in SLA-based system governance. Based on this survey, and after observing the essential aspects needed to semantically model an SLA, we first propose a semantic model of resource dependability. This model can be used to semantically encode in SLA the service commitments (to customers) and resource capacity (from suppliers) in terms of usage, performance, and other QoS characteristics that represent non-functional properties. On the basis of this model, we propose a flexible approach to SLA-based system governance that allows for elastic provisioning of resources (by autonomic processes) that meet NFP requirements. This approach can be used to monitor and manage services such that they meet (and continue to meet) agreed levels of QoS.

scholarly journals Climate change governance in agroforestry systems: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9s10 ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
Pamela Katic
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Current State ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Climate Change Governance

Agroforestry has the potential to fundamentally transform socio-ecological systems to address the root causes of climate vulnerability. Although there is increasing interest in agroforestry as a transformative adaptation strategy, its implementation is often discouraged by the need to involve multiple stakeholders, sectors, and governance levels with potentially different interests. We draw on a systematic review of sixty-four peer-reviewed papers on climate change governance in agroforestry systems to (1) outline the current state of the literature, (2) characterise how governance is conceptualised, (3) investigate governance challenges, and (4) provide insights into effective governance. The review finds that most relevant papers have been published in the past three years, and most of these papers are found in interdisciplinary journals. The main governance challenges include coordinating polycentricity, overcoming power imbalances, and sharing, translating, and integrating different types of knowledge. However, few empirical studies of agroforestry governance have been completed. A richer conceptual framework of governance is required to improve our ability to navigate the role of sustainable land management practices such as agroforestry in successful climate change adaptation and mitigation.

scholarly journals Problems of preservation of architectural and urban heritage of the historical village of Lahij in Azerbaijan

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 403-412
Author(s):  
Magomed N. Nurmamedov
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Craft Production ◽  
Copper Production ◽  
Complex Solution ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Village ◽  
Written Sources

Introduction. Among the historical towns and settlements of Azerbaijan, the village of Lahij is one of the unique. Highly developed crafts, especially copper production, blacksmithing, and carpet making glorified Lahij masters not only in Azerbaijan but also abroad. The peculiar planning structure and architecture of Lahij were formed under the influence of craft production. Unfortunately, like many ancient settlements, Lahij is facing degradation associated with the socio-technical processes of modern civilization. Materials and methods. The paper uses theoretical analysis of scientific literature, graphic materials, and written sources. Research methods are based on systemic, spatial, and socio-functional approaches. Results. This article analyses the current state of the identified problems threatening the architectural and urban environment of the village of Lahij. Consideration is being given to ways of reviving craft production which is directly related to the architectural and construction tradition of the village. The article emphasizes the crucial role of tourism in the life of Lahij and its residents, noting also the danger posed by the growth of tourism. Conclusions. Based on the experience of preserving the environment in foreign historical towns, the author suggests using modern approaches in solving problems related to the management and use of the historical and cultural heritage in Lahij. Attention should be paid to the complex solution of problems considering architectural and urban planning, socio-economic and administrative-managerial issues.

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