Assessment of classification and development scenarios of aviation accidents

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 86-97
Author(s):  
V. А. Sednev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Aviation Fuel ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Emergency Events ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The most dangerous emergency situation at the airport is an aviation accident with human victims – a plane crash. It can occur on the territory of the airport, in its vicinity, as a result of takeoff or landing of an aircraft. About 80 % of accidents occur at the stages of takeoff, altitude, and approach. A complex situation can develop as a result of mixed types of emergency situations, such as: a collision of several aircrafts while moving along the runway, a collision in the air; a collision of an aircraft with an object of the airport infrastructure or fuel-filling complex. Due to large amount of aviation fuel in the wings of aircraft during destruction and shock loads, a fire, for example, begins outside the aircraft, but spreads inside after 1-2 minutes. Survival of people after 5 minutes of being in these conditions is unlikely. The impact factors associated with the destruction of the object of the collision are added to the damage to the aircraft. The airport emergency rescue forces are not enough to save people in these conditions. Therefore, on the basis of the study of the characteristics and consequences of aviation events and the tasks of emergency and rescue units, scenarios of the development of the situation in emergency situations and other factors influencing the organization of rescue operations have been established. The purpose of the study is to improve the efficiency of planning, organizing and conducting emergency rescue operations at the airport by identifying and eliminating negative factors that affect their organization, as well as shortcomings in the management system of forces and means when responding to emergency events on the territory of the airport. Research methods. General scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge were used To obtain the results – analysis, synthesis, generalization, which were based on the general principles of systems theory, operations research, information theory. The results of the study. Scenarios for the development of the situation in emergency situations at the airport, features of the organization of emergency and fire protection of the airport, shortcomings in the system of management of forces and means in response to emergency events are established; the initial data that are the basis for improving measures to protect people and objects of the airport complex are substantiated. Conclusion. Taking into account the provisions considered will allow managers to effectively solve problems of saving peoples’ lives and protecting objects on the territory of the airport. The obtained conclusions are the basis for the development of a methodology for justifying the forces and means to perform emergency rescue operations in an emergency situation at the airport. Key words: airport, emergency, aviation event, consequences, tasks of rescue units, organization, management.

Perceived Self-efficacy during an Emergency Situation Reduces Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Saccinto ◽  
Lola Vallès ◽  
Ed Hilterman ◽  
Malin Roiha ◽  
Luca Pietrantoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis study investigates if perceived self-efficacy during an emergency situation has a protective role in the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms among Italian and Spanish survivors of several emergency situations. We explored the impact of self-efficacy in a multiple regression model including other predictors of posttraumatic stress symptoms, such as emergency prevention knowledge; trust in emergency services; risk perception of becoming a victim of an emergency situation; and conscious and active behaviors in comparison with no conscious and no active behavior during the emergency. We carried out a retrospective study recruiting 214 participants who reported their experience as victims of one specific emergency event. Results showed that survivors who perceived themselves as more self-efficacious during the traumatic event had less posttraumatic stress symptoms. In contrast, female gender, more self-threat perception and higher trauma severity were associated with more symptoms. Findings contribute to better understand human behavior in emergency situations and evidence the protective role of perceived self-efficacy beliefs among survivors of emergency situations.

scholarly journals Development of an approach to cadastral valuation of real estate in areas of possible manifestations of natural disasters and emergency situation

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-202
Author(s):  
Alexey Dubrovsky ◽  
Tamara Vereshchaka ◽  
Pavel Batin ◽  
Olesya Malygina
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Insurance Funds ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The article presents the results of studies on the adjustment of cadastral value using a new factor-the probability of an emergency or natural disaster. A new term, emergency geospatial, has been introduced for the spatial definition of an emergency. The analysis of the legal regime of lands subject to emergency situations is carried out. Conclusions are drawn about the legal definition of the geospatial boundary of the emergency situation and the impact of emergencies on real estate. The characteristic of emergency situations, as well as the probability of their occurrence is given. The connection between the emergency situation and the cadastral value of real estate is shown. The dependence of the value of real estate on their location in the geospatial probable emergency. The technological scheme of determination of cadastral value of real estate objects in the zone of manifestation of an emergency situation is developed. A geoinformation project was carried out on the territory of the city of Novosibirsk. The most probable emergencies are taken into account. The map of zones of possible manifestation of emergency situations is made. The comparison of the cost of real estate in emergency zones, with objects analogues, located outside the emergency zone. The values of the correction factor for adjusting the cadastral value are proposed. The map of distribution of correction factors for adjustment of cadastral value of real estate objects in zones of possible manifestation of emergency situations is made. Work on the adjustment of the cadastral value of real estate located in the areas of possible manifestations of emergency situations is promising. First, the zones must be taken into account in modern urban policy and as much as possible to protect real estate and the population from the manifestation of emergency situations. Secondly, the reduction of cadastral value and taxes will allow owners to invest in insurance funds and insure real estate.

scholarly journals Global Emergency Impact to Latvian Micro and Small Enterprises

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 07056
Author(s):  
Iluta Riekstina ◽  
Rosita Zvirgzdina
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Micro And Small Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

Research background: 2020 will always remain a pandemic year in the world. A year that shook everyone including business. After the end of the emergency, many countries are planning business recovery measures. Many programs are planned for micro and small businesses. Due to the large number of micro-enterprises that the authors decided to conduct a study on the preparedness of micro and small enterprises for emergencies. About the areas in which small businesses operate, how and whether they are only able to operate in the domestic market or are ready for globalization. 65% of Latvian micro and small enterprises in surveys conducted by credit institutions showed that the impact of COVID19 on operations is noticeable and will be necessary for business recovery. At the same time, 47% of them confirmed that they plan to change their business model according to the new situation. Purpose of the article: The aim of the research is to identify the interaction of the activity structure of Latvian micro and small enterprises with emergency situations. To analyze the operating environment and the intensity of its impact on business. Methods: Quantitative research is based on official business data from several sources - Enterprise Register, Ministry of Economics, Re-Identifier of the Register of Enterprises Ltd. “Lursoft”, Central Statistical Bureau. The study will review data on the last 5 years by analyzing data for 2013-2017. The following research methods have been used for the research: quantitative data research approach, analytical study comparing data for five years and graphical method - visualization and analysis of visual information. Findings & Value added: As a result of the article, it is planned to group the directions of activities of micro and small enterprises based on the impact of the emergency situation on them. Thus, performing an analysis of the readiness of Latvian micro and small enterprises for emergency situations and the impact on operations.

scholarly journals APLIKASI SISTEM RESPON CEPAT MASYARAKAT BERBASIS MOBILE DALAM PENANGANAN KONDISI DARURAT (APPLICATION OF COMMUNITY FAST RESPONSE SYSTEM BASED ON MOBILE IN HANDLING EMERGENCY CONDITIONS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Nur Alam ◽  
Herman Herman
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Web Server ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Response System ◽  
Registration Data ◽  
Android Operating System ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA person's needs for security can be measured using negative indicators such as crime rates. Police registration data records that the number of crimes from 2014-2016 tends to increase. Everyone can experience an emergency situation. In addition to crime rates, emergency situations can occur due to accidents, fire or illness. There is no certainty when someone experiences an emergency situation, so it is necessary to minimize the impact of the emergency situation, where one of them is a rapid emergency response when someone experiences an emergency situation. The results of this study are in the form of mobile-based community rapid response applications that use the Android operating system using the Apache web server. This application also sends maps and location coordinates via a message sent by someone who is experiencing an emergency situation. This message can be sent to smartphones in the form of message notifications or non smartphones in the form of SMS.AbstrakKebutuhan seseorang akan rasa aman dapat diukur menggunakan indikator negatif seperti angka kejahatan. Data registrasi Polri mencatat jumlah kejahatan dari tahun 2014-2016 cenderung mengalami peningkatan. Setiap orang bisa saja mengalami situasi darurat. Selain tingkat kejahatan, situasi darurat dapat terjadi akibat kecelakaan, kebakaran ataupun sakit. Tidak adanya kepastian kapan seseorang mengalami situasi darurat, maka di perlukan untuk meminimalisir dampak dari stuasi darurat tersebut dimana salah satunya adalah respon tanggap darurat yang cepat ketika seseorang mengalami situasi darurat. Hasil penelitian ini berupa aplikasi respon cepat masyarakat berbasis mobile yang menggunakan sistem operasi android dengan menggunakan web server apache. Aplikasi ini juga mengirimkan peta dan titik koordinat lokasi melalui pesan yang di kirimkan seseorang yang mengalami situasi darurat. Pesan ini dapat terkirim kepada smartphone dalam bentuk notifikasi pesan maupun non smartphone dalam bentuk sms.

Improving the security at the facilities of the airport complex in case of an emergency and carrying out emergency rescue operations

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 49-61
Author(s):  
V. A. Sednev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Organization Management ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Plane Crash ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
Emergency Event ◽  
Timely Response ◽  
Airport Infrastructure ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The most dangerous emergency situation at the airport is an accident with human casualties, that is, a plane crash. It can occur on the territory of the airport, in its vicinity, as a result of take-off or landing of an aircraft. The consequences of aviation emergencies show that when a plane crash occurs in the area of responsibility of the airport, there is a death of passengers in 85 % of cases. At the same time, it is possible to increase the survival rate of people with a timely response to a plane crash. However, if an airport infrastructure facility may be affected in a significant way as a result of an emergency, the work to eliminate the consequences of the initial emergency event is supplemented by work on the new situation that has arisen. At the same time, a characteristic feature of an aviation emergency is a large number of options for the development of the situation and actions. This requires constant adjustment of measures to ensure the safety of the airport complex, the protection of passengers (people) and infrastructure within the airport, as well as the organization of its emergency and fire protection. The purpose of the study is to improve the efficiency of planning, organizing and conducting individual activities and their complex for the protection of people and infrastructure in an emergency situation at the airport, and in general, organizing emergency rescue operations at the airport complex facilities in an emergency. Research methods. To obtain the results, we used general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge, namely, analysis, synthesis, generalization, which were based on the general provisions of systems theory, operations research, and information theory. The results of the study. Proposals for organizing fire-fighting and emergency rescue operations at airport infrastructure facilities, safety requirements for service, fire extinguishing and emergency rescue operations at the airport, and reducing the impact of damaging factors of an emergency situation at the airport are substantiated, as well as an economic assessment of the consequences of safety violations and flight regularity. Conclusion. Taking into account the provisions reviewed will generally improve security management of the airport complex, and additional activities will enable better management of emergency rescue forces and facilities. Key words: airport, danger, emergency, consequences, tasks of emergency rescue units, organization, management.

scholarly journals (A206) Simulation of an Emergency Situation Caused by Biochemical Incident

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s57-s57 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Čech ◽  
V. Bures ◽  
T. Otcenaskova ◽  
K. Antos ◽  
J. Vaněk
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Decision Support Framework ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Agent Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Incidents ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

Emergency situations such as biological or chemical incidents require prompt decision making. The problem is that the authorized personnel responsible for conduction the response operations might lack the knowledge about the agent's biological, chemical and epidemiological characteristics that would influence the impact of the incident. Thus the effect of response operations on lives and assets could hardly be anticipated. The paper suggests simulation based approach to provide appropriate decision making support in such situations. The simulation would imitate the development of an emergency situation under various scenarios and help to determine the proper response operations by which the casualties and loss of assets would be minimized. The aim of the paper is to present the simulation of a spread of an agent in an environment and the corresponding impact on population. The simulation is based on a model with incorporated knowledge about environmental and agent characteristics such as weather conditions, transmission, fatality, incubation period combined also with demographic information. The provided simulation forms a part of the proposed non-military decision support framework for emergency response operations during biochemical incidents.

The Impact of Anglicizing Former German-Language Psychology Journals on Authorship and Citation Frequencies

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Krampen ◽  
Thomas Huckert ◽  
Gabriel Schui
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
English Language ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
German Language ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Number Of Citations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Number Of Authors

Exemplary for other than English-language psychology journals, the impact of recent Anglicization of five former German-language psychology journals on (1) authorship (nationality, i.e., native language, and number of authors, i.e., single or multiple authorships), (2) formal characteristics of the journal (number of articles per volume and length of articles), and (3) number of citations of the articles in other journal articles, the language of the citing publications, and the impact factors (IF) is analyzed. Scientometric data on these variables are gathered for all articles published in the four years before anglicizing and in the four years after anglicizing the same journal. Results reveal rather quick changes: Citations per year since original articles’ publication increase significantly, and the IF of the journals go up markedly. Frequencies of citing in German-language journals decrease, citing in English-language journals increase significantly after the Anglicization of former German-language psychology journals, and there is a general trend of increasing citations in other languages as well. Side effects of anglicizing former German-language psychology journals include the publication of shorter papers, their availability to a more international authorship, and a slight, but significant increase in multiple authorships.

The integrated interventional radiology match: a bibliometric analysis of matched first-year residents

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishnu Chandra ◽  
Neil Jain ◽  
Pratik Shukla ◽  
Ethan Wajswol ◽  
Sohail Contractor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Research Information ◽  
H Index ◽  
Scopus Database ◽  
Journal Impact

Objectives: The integrated interventional radiology (IR) residency has only been established relatively recently as compared to other specialties. Although some preliminary information is available based on survey data five, no comprehensive bibliometric analysis documenting the importance of the quantity and quality of research in applying to an integrated-IR program currently exists. As the first bibliometric analysis of matched IR residents, the data obtained from this study fills a gap in the literature. Materials and Methods: A list of matched residents from the 2018 integrated-IR match were identified by contacting program directors. The Scopus database was used to search for resident research information, including total publications, first-author publications, radiology-related publications, and h-indices. Each matriculating program was categorized into one of five tiers based on the average faculty Hirsch index (h-index). Results: Sixty-three programs and 117 matched residents were identified and reviewed on the Scopus database. For the 2018 cycle, 274 total publications were produced by matched applicants, with a mean of 2.34 ± 0.41 publication per matched applicant. The average h-index for matched applicants was 0.96 ± 0.13. On univariate analysis, the number of radiology-related publications, highest journal impact factor, and h-index were all associated with an increased likelihood of matching into a higher tier program (P < 0.05). Other research variables displayed no statistical significance. All applicants with PhDs matched into tier one programs. Conclusions: Research serves as an important element in successfully matching into an integrated-IR residency. h-index, number of radiology-related manuscripts, and highest journal impact factors are all positively associated with matching into a higher tier program.

IMPLEMENTATIONS EMERGENCY RESPONSE SYSTEM IN CASE OF ACCIDENTS AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS (ERA-GLONASS) FOR CARS AND TRUCKS IN UZBEKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akmal Rustamov
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Call Center ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Emergency Response System ◽  
Response System

The paper addresses the problem of increasing transportation safety due to usage of new possibilities provided by modern technologies. The proposed approach extends such systems as ERA-GLONASS and eCall via service network composition enabling not only transmitting additional information but also information fusion for defining required emergency means as well as planning for a whole emergency response operation. The main idea of the approach is to model the cyber physical human system components by sets of services representing them. The services are provided with the capability of self- contextualization to autonomously adapt their behaviors to the context of the car-driver system. The approach is illustrated via an accident emergency situation response scenario. “ERA-GLONASS” is the Russian state emergency response system for accidents, aimed at improving road safety and reducing the death rate from accidents by reducing the time for warning emergency services. In fact, this is a partially copied European e Call system with some differences in the data being transmitted and partly backward compatible with the European parent. The principle of the system is quite simple and logical: in the event of an accident, the module built into the car in fully automatic mode and without human intervention determines the severity of the accident, determines the vehicle’s location via GLONASS or GPS, establishes connection with the system infrastructure and in accordance with the protocol, transfers the necessary data on the accident (a certain distress signal). Having received the distress signal, the employee of the call center of the system operator should call the on-board device and find out what happened. If no one answers, send the received data to Sistema-112 and send it to the exact coordinates of the team of rescuers and doctors, and the last one to arrive at the place is given 20 minutes. And all this, I repeat, without the participation of a person: even if people caught in an accident will not be able to independently call emergency services, the data on the accident will still be transferred. In this work intended to add some information about applying system project in Uzbek Roads especially mountain regions like “Kamchik” pass. The Kamchik Pass is a high mountain pass at an elevation of 2.306 m above the sea level, located in the Qurama Mountains in eastern Uzbekistan and its length is about 88km.The road to reach the pass is asphalted, but there are rough sections where the asphalt has disappeared. It’s called A373. The old road over the pass was by passed by a tunnel built in 1999. On the horizon, the snow-capped peaks of the Fan Mountains come into view. The pass is located in the Fergana Valley between the Tashkent and Namangan Regions.

scholarly journals Exploring Factors Influencing Scenarios Evolution of Waste NIMBY Crisis: Analysis of Typical Cases in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2006
Author(s):  
Ling He ◽  
Qing Yang ◽  
Xingxing Liu ◽  
Lingmei Fu ◽  
Jinmei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Network Theory ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Dynamic Bayesian Network ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Ground Theory ◽  
Evolution Path ◽  
Dynamic Scenario ◽  
The Impact

As the impact factors of the waste Not-In-My-Back Yard (NIMBY) crisis are complex, and the scenario evolution path of it is diverse. Once the crisis is not handled properly, it will bring adverse effects on the construction of waste NIMBY facilities, economic development and social stability. Consequently, based on ground theory, this paper takes the waste NIMBY crisis in China from 2006 to 2019 as typical cases, through coding analysis, scenario evolution factors of waste NIMBY crisis are established. Furtherly, three key scenarios were obtained, namely, external situation (E), situation state (S), emergency management (M), what is more, scenario evolution law of waste NIMBY crisis is revealed. Then, the dynamic Bayesian network theory is used to construct the dynamic scenario evolution network of waste NIMBY crisis. Finally, based on the above models, Xiantao waste NIMBY crisis is taken as a case study, and the dynamic process of scenario evolution network is visually displayed by using Netica. The simulation results show that the scenario evolution network of Xiantao waste NIMBY crisis is basically consistent with the actual incident development process, which confirms the effectiveness and feasibility of the model.

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