Transversal craniofacial development between skeletal maturation stages: A multi-center posteroanterior cephalometric study

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the dentofacial transversal norms according to the stages of skeletal maturation in growing Turkish individuals and to determine differences between the genders. Materials and Methods: In our multi-centered, cross-sectional retrospective study, in which transversal measurements were made according to skeletal maturation stages (SMSs), posteroanterior radiographs of 572 individuals (292 female, 280 male) with skeletal and dental Class I relationships and good occlusion were examined at the age range of 7–18 years. SMSs were determined using Björk, Grave and Brown hand-wrist radiography. A linear regression model was used for changes of transversal measurements between SMSs, and t-test was used to determine transverse changes between the genders. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between females and males in cranial, facial, and nasal width values up to SMS 5. In maxillary, mandibular, maxillary intermolar, and mandibular intermolar width measurements, males had higher values in most stages of skeletal maturation compared to females. Apart from nasal width and maxillomandibular ratio values in females, the regression model in which transversal measurements were dependent variables, and SMS were independent variables was found to be significant. According to cumulative growth percentages, the growth completion in transversal measurements occurred earlier in females. Conclusion: Transversal measurements determined according to the stages of skeletal maturation can be a guide for orthodontists in the clinic to determine values that deviate from normal.

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Prevalence of Urinary Schistosomiasis among Almajiri Children in Silame, Sokoto State, North-western Nigeria

UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR) ◽

10.47430/ujmr.2161.013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 99-104

Author(s):

S. M. Gamde ◽

◽

P. J. Tongvwam ◽

K. Hauwa ◽

A. M. Ganau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Demographic Data ◽

Age Groups ◽

Water Contact ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Urinary Schistosomiasis ◽

Public And Private ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Socio Demographic Factors ◽

Age Range ◽

North Western

Urinary schistosomiasis is a severe threat to global health with uncountable morbidities in Africa including Nigeria where control interventions focused on children in public and private schools neglecting Almajiri children. This undermined control interventions as those infected contaminate the environments with infective stages of the parasite. The objective of the study was to identify the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis amongst Almajiri children in Silame, Sokoto State, North-western Nigeria. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study, socio-demographic data was collected in April 2020 on 206 consented Almajiri children in Silame and their urine samples were examined using the sedimentation method. The study showed a prevalence of 35.4% among the Almajiri children in Silame, Sokoto State, North-western Nigeria. The highest prevalence was found among children within the age range 16-20 years (63.6%) while the lowest prevalence was among those in the age range 6-10 years (24.4%). There was a statistically significant difference in the occurrence of urinary schistosomiasis between the age groups (χ 2 = 11.637a , df =3, p=0.002). Urinary schistosomiasis was prevalent among Almajiri children in the study area and parasite infection was associated with the participant's socio-demographic factors such as age, level of education, and water contact activities. Hence, the National Schistosomiasis Control Programs should incorporate the Almajiri children in the control interventions Keywords: Schistosoma hematobium infection; Makarantarallo;Almajiri;Silame

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Predictors of Clinical Reasoning Using the Reasoning 4 Change Instrument With Physical Therapist Students

Physical Therapy ◽

10.1093/ptj/pzz044 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 99 (8) ◽

pp. 964-976 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Maria Elvén ◽

Jacek Hochwälder ◽

Elizabeth Dean ◽

Anne Söderlund

Keyword(s):

Behavior Change ◽

Behavioral Medicine ◽

Clinical Reasoning ◽

Psychological Factors ◽

Physical Therapist ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Curriculum Orientation ◽

Dependent Variables ◽

Physical Therapist Students

AbstractBackgroundAlthough physical therapist students must be well prepared to integrate biopsychosocial and behavioral perspectives into their clinical reasoning, there is a lack of knowledge regarding factors that influence such competence.ObjectiveThis study explored the associations among the independent variables—knowledge, cognition, metacognition, psychological factors, contextual factors, and curriculum orientation vis-à-vis behavioral medicine competencies—and the dependent variables—outcomes of input from client (IC), functional behavioral analysis (FBA), and strategies for behavior change (SBC) as levels in physical therapist students’ clinical reasoning processes.DesignThis study used an exploratory cross-sectional design.MethodsThe Reasoning 4 Change instrument was completed by 151 final-semester physical therapist students. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses for IC, FBA, and SBC were conducted. In the first step, curriculum orientation was inserted into the model; in the second step, self-rated knowledge, cognition, and metacognition; and in the third step, psychological factors.ResultsAll independent variables except contextual factors explained 37% of the variance in the outcome of IC. Curriculum orientation explained 3%, cognitive and metacognitive factors an additional 22%, and attitudes another 15%. Variance in the outcomes of FBA and SBC were explained by curriculum orientation only (FBA change in R2 = 0.04; SBC change in R2 = 0.05). Higher scores of the dependent variables were associated with a curriculum having behavioral medicine competencies.LimitationsThe limitations of this study are that it was cross-sectional.ConclusionsCognitive and metacognitive capabilities and skills and positive attitudes are important predictors of physical therapist students’ clinical reasoning focused on behavior change at the IC level. Curricula with behavioral medicine competencies are associated with positive outcomes at all clinical reasoning levels.

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Analisa Kadar Lemak Dalam Susu Perah Sapi Menggunakan Gaya Sentrifugasi

METANA ◽

10.14710/metana.v14i1.19172 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

Hidayatul Masruroh ◽

Ulla Disky Masruroh ◽

Fransisca Sri Nugraheni ◽

Vita Paramita

Keyword(s):

Storage Temperature ◽

Rotation Speed ◽

Fat Content ◽

Cow’S Milk ◽

Cow's Milk ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dependent Variables ◽

Dairy Milk ◽

Milk Storage

Selama berabad-abad susu telah dikenal sebagai bahan pangan yang dibutuhkan oleh manusia, karena susu banyak mengandung semua komponen bahan yang diperlukan oleh manusia. Kandungan terbesar susu adalah air dan lemak. Penelitian ini melakukan pengujian kandungan lemak pada susu sapi murni menggunakan gaya sentrifugasi, dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel berubah, berupa suhu yang digunakan dalam penimpanan susu yaitu 50C, 250C dan 300C, putaran yang digunakan selama percobaan yaitu 1772 rpm, 2080 rpm, 2455 rpm, 3266 rpm, dan 4080 rpm serta waktu yang digunakan yaitu 15 menit, 20 menit dan 25 menit terhadap pemisahan lemak dalam susu sapi murni. Uji analisa pada penelitian ini meliputi uji kandungan lemak, pH, densitas dan viskositas. Pada penelitian tersebut variabel paling optimal yaitu susu pada suhu 300C dengan kecepatan putaran 2455 rpm dan dalam waktu 25 menit mendapatkan hasil kandungan lemak sebesar 2,5ml. Sedangkan hasil pengukuran pH dari ketiga variabel mendapatkan hasil 6,5. Untuk densitas hasil yang didapat yaitu 1,014;1,052; 1,036 masing-masing pada suhu 50C,250C,300C dan untuk viskositas sebesar 1,46. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak perbedaan signifikan pengaruh kecepatan putaran sentrifugasi terhadap densitas, pH maupun viskositas. Namun terdapat pengaruh putaran kecepatan sentrifugasi terhadap kadar lemak yang terpisahkan. Semakin tinggi suhu penyimpanan disertai peningkatan kecepatan putaran sentrifugasi, maka semakin tinggi kadar lemak yang terpisahkan. Fat Content Separation Analysis from Dairy Milk by using Centrifuge For centuries dairy has been well known as the food needed by humans, due to its benefits for growth. The major content of milk is water and fat. This study examined the fat content of pure cow's milk using centrifugation force, with the aim to know the effect of independent variables, such as the temperature used in milk storage (5, 25 and 30 0C), the rotation speed of centrifugation (1772, 2080, 2455, 3266, and 4080 rpm) and the centrifugation time (15, 20 and 25 minutes) against the separation of fat in pure cow's milk. The analysis was including fat content test, pH, density and viscosity. In this study, the most optimum variables of fat content separation from milk (2.5 ml) were found at temperature of 300C with the centrifugation speed of 2455 rpm rotation and within 25 minutes. While, there were no different of the pH (6.5) and viscosity (1.46) regarding to the dependent variables. For the density, the results obtained are 1.014, 1.052; 1,036 for each at 50C, 250C, 300C. The result showed that there were no significant difference in the effect of centrifugation rotation speed to density, pH and viscosity. However, increasing the centrifugation rotation speed increased the fat content. The higher the storage temperature along with the increased speed of the centrifugation cycle, were resulted the higher the separated fat content.

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Model for Estimating Travel Time on Dynamic Highway Networks in Akure, Ondo State Nigeria

European Journal of Engineering Research and Science ◽

10.24018/ejers.2020.5.3.1671 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 275-281

Author(s):

Onyemaechi John Nnamani ◽

Victor Ayodele Ijaware ◽

Joseph Olalekan Olusina ◽

Timothy Oluwadare Idowu

Keyword(s):

Regression Model ◽

Travel Time ◽

Traffic Volume ◽

Real Field ◽

Percentage Error ◽

Time Variability ◽

Time Model ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Highway Networks ◽

Significant Difference

Travel time variability or distribution is very important to travel time reliability studies in transportation systems. This study aimed at developing a multivariate regression model for estimating travel times for dynamic highway networks in Akure Metropolis. The independent variables for the model are Traffic volume, density, speed of vehicles, and traffic flow while the dependent response variable is the Travel time. The estimated travel time was compared with the observed travel time from the real field data and the estimation using the regression model reveals a significant level of accuracy. Also, it was discovered that traffic volume, speed, density, and flow were highly correlated with travel time. The result analyzed using descriptive statistics in the SPSS software environment reveals an R2 value of 0.998, thereby indicating that the independent variables accounted for 99% of travel time in the study area. The Hypothesis tested at 95% confidence level using ANOVA unveils that there is no significant difference between the observed and estimated travel time model. The Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 0.049 shows that the model performed very well and was very efficient for analyzing the probabilistic relation between travel time and the independent variables. The study recommends the use of the developed travel time model for estimating travel time within the study area.

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HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN MINAT IBU BALITA TENTANG TAMAN POSYANDU DI KELURAHAN COKROMENGGALAN KECAMATAN PONOROGO KABUPATEN PONOROGO

Jurnal Delima Harapan ◽

10.31935/delima.v5i2.56 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 35-45

Author(s):

Sumini Sumini ◽

Arifatul Rosidah

Keyword(s):

Research Result ◽

Local Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Spearman Rank ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Dependent Variables ◽

Total Data ◽

Additional Service ◽

Stimulation Of

Taman Posyandu is development of posyandu purnama or independent which give additional service to develop early childhood and bina keluarga balita. Total data of toddler in posyandu pos 3 Cokromenggalan Village has 52 people. At 2016, in posyandu pos 3 Cokromenggalan Village has 22 toddler that followed Taman Posyandu. Based on study of preliminary studies there are 6 from 10 mother of toddler is lack of knowledge about Taman Posyandu. The purpose of research is to know The connection knowledge mother of toddler with interest to the mother of toddler about Taman Posyandu in posyandu pos 3 Cokromenggalan, Cokromenggalan Village, Ponorogo District, Ponorogo Regency. This type of research is quantitative. The research design used Cross Sectional and this research was conducted at Posyandu Pos 3 Cokromenggalan in January 2017. The population is all the mothers of toddler with the number of 52, the number of samples 30, with the technique of Accidental Sampling. Independent variables (knowledge) and dependent variables (interests). Instrument with questionnaire, and Spearman Rank statistical test at 0.05 significance level. Based on research result of knowledge about taman posyandu half of 15 respondents (50%) with less knowledge. Interest in following the taman posyandu almost half of 16 respondents (53.3%) with negative interest. The result of statistic test by using Spearman Rank shows that ρ = 0,000 with correlation coefficient value 0.803, ρ which can be <0.05 so that H0 is rejected which means there is the correlations knowledge of mother toddler with interest to the mother of toddler about taman posyandu in posyandu post 3 Cokromenggalan,Cokromenggalan village, Ponorogo district, Ponorogo regency with a level flatness is very strong. The conclusion is that mother have low knowledge about Taman Posyandu can cause the interest mother about Taman Posyandu is low. It is recommended that local health personnel to improve the extension of the importance of the visit to the Taman Posyandu to toddler and useful for enhance mother of knowledge about the importance of monitoring, detecting growth for children, providing health services and stimulation of education early.

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FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERILAKU SAFETY DRIVING PADA SUPIR TRAVEL DI PT. LIBRA WISATA TRANSPORT

PREPOTIF : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat ◽

10.31004/prepotif.v4i1.555 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Ade Dita Puteri ◽

Azimah Mardiatun Nisa

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Load Capacity ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Dependent Variables ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Employment Education ◽

Work Knowledge

Safety Driving is the basis for further driving training that pays attention to the safety of drivers and passengers. Safety Driving is influenced by human factors such as age, education, length of work, knowledge, vehicle factors such as passenger load capacity, environmental factors in this condition of road and weather. The purpose of this study is to know the factors relating to correlation safety driving of travel driver at PT. Libra Wisata Transport Pekanbaru year 2019. This research is a quantitative study of analytics with a cross-sectional approach. This research was conducted on June 20-25, 2019 with the population in this research is the travel driver of PT. Libra Wisata Transport Pekanbaru, which was 40 people using the Total Sampling technique. independent variables are age, employment, education, length of work, knowledge, and driving completeness, while the dependent variables are the behavior of Safety Driving. The instruments used in data collection are questionnaires. Data analysis is conducted with the analysis of univariate and bivariate with Chi-Square test. The results of the research can be a relationship between age, employment, education, duration of work, knowledge and completeness of driving with the behavior of Safety Driving. It is suggested to the travel to be able to conduct training on Safety Driving to the all of driver, and conduct evaluation on the implementation of Safety Driving training, so that the results of the training can make the driver Act securely In driving. In addition, the driver is expected to always obey the ordinances of the traffic provisions.

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GMAT And Other Determinants Of GPA In An MBA Program

American Journal of Business Education (AJBE) ◽

10.19030/ajbe.v3i12.967 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 3 (12) ◽

pp. 77-86

Author(s):

Bharat Kolluri ◽

Rao Singamsetti ◽

Mahmoud Wahab

Keyword(s):

Regression Model ◽

Grade Point Average ◽

Potential Influence ◽

Chi Square ◽

Grade Point ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Mba Students ◽

Mba Program ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Gender

This paper reports on the influence of waiving the GMAT requirement on academic performance as measured by grade-point-average at graduation for 833 University of Hartford MBA students who graduated between 2003 and 2009. In seeking to better understand what factors might be influencing graduation GPA, we examined a variety of traditional attributes. In addition, we examined the potential influence of GMAT Waivers on graduation GPA because there was some thought that students who waived this test might have lower graduation GPAs than those who took the examination. The results of this study indicated that the most important factor for determining MBA graduation GPA was an individual’s undergraduate GPA, with higher undergraduate GPAs being associated with higher MBA graduation GPAs. Marginally significant differences in graduation GPA were also found based on the number of credits waived at entry into the MBA program, with more credits being waived contributing to a higher graduation GPA. We also found that women graduated with higher GPAs than men. Of particular interest to us in this study, however, was whether or not our GMAT Waiver policy was influencing graduation GPAs. In this case, we found no significant difference in graduation GPA, regardless of whether or not the GMAT requirement was waived. These results were confirmed using chi-square tests and two-sample t-tests. To gain additional insights into these issues, we estimated a regression model to explain graduation GPA using several attributes as independent variables. The regression results indicate that undergraduate GPA and gender seemed to most reliably predict differences in graduation GPA.

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Estimation Of Dental Age Using Coronal Pulp Cavity Index (CPCI) On Lower Second Premolar And First Molar With Periapical Radiographic Analysis

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11i2.2171 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 2205-2209

Author(s):

Trelia Boel ◽

Dewi Kartika ◽

Ervina Sofyanti ◽

Dennis ◽

Navanitha Naidu

Keyword(s):

Forensic Odontology ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chronological Age ◽

Radiographic Analysis ◽

Dental Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pulp Cavity ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Age Range ◽

Digital Caliper

Estimation of dental age in forensic odontology is crucial in biological dentistry Coronal Pulp Cavity Index (CPCI) as one method to check the correlation between the reduction of the coronal pulp cavity and chronological age. The present study aims to find out whether CPCI method can be used to estimate the dental age on lower second premolar and first molar with periapical radiographic analysis. The cross sectional study was conducted on 60 patients (30 males and 30 females) in the age range of 21 and 30 years. They were subjected to periapical radiographs on lower second premolar and first molar. The Coronal Pulp Cavity Height (CPCH) and Coronal Length (CL) was measured using vision measuring scope DC 3000 and electronic digital caliper. The values obtained were subjected into the formula of TCI = [CPCL × 100]/CL. The mean of TCI score and average chronological age were analyzed using paired T test to find out the correlation between the chronological age and the estimated dental age, P > 0.05 is considered as significant. There was no significant difference between the estimated dental age and chronological age in both lower second premolars (p=0.119) and first molars (p=0.224). CPCI method can be used to estimate the dental age on healthy lower second premolar and first molar.

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The Difference of Positive or Negative Views on Patients of Soul Disorders Between Students of Faculty of Medicine Hang Tuah University Surabaya Semester 5 with Semester 7

Oceana Biomedicina Journal ◽

10.30649/obj.v2i1.21 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Fifin Yulia Candra Pangestika ◽

Sadya Wendra ◽

Edward Imanuel Simon

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Chi Square ◽

Positive View ◽

Mental Patients ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dependent Variables ◽

The Difference ◽

Positive Outlook

Background: Most people in Indonesia still negatively regard mental patients as someone who is dangerous and the disease cannot be cured. This happens because people do not understand well the causes and methods of care for patients with mental disorders. Negative views that exist in the community cause mental patients to get less appropriate and humane treatment in the community even in their own families, such as being installed, ignored, insulted, and alienating family members who experience mental disorders.Objectif: This study aims to determine the differences in positive or negative views of mental patients between students of the Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah Surabaya, 5th semester with 7th semester.Methods: The population in this study were students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Hang Tuah Surabaya in semester 5 with semester 7. with a large sample taken as many as 136 people. The independent variables in this study were positive or negative views about mental patients while the dependent variables in this study were students of semester 5 and semester 7 students. Analysis of the data of this study using Chi Square statistical tests.Results: Obtained results of respondents from semester 5 with a positive outlook that is 38 people (55.9%) and negative views namely 30 people (44.1%), then the results of respondents from 7th semester with a positive outlook that is 53 people (77.9%) and negative view of 15 people (22.1%). Where the total number of all respondents who answered a positive view was 91 people (66.9%) and all respondents who answered negative views were 45 people (33.1%). And based on gender, male respondents who looked positively about mental patients were 51 people (66.2%) and those who viewed negativity were 26 people (33.8%). Whereas female respondents who viewed positively regarding mental patients were 40 people (67.8%) and those who viewed negatively were 19 people (32.2%).Conclusions: The results showed a significant difference regarding the differences in positive or negative views of mental patients between semester 5 students and 7th semester students, as evidenced by the acquisition of the Sig. = 0.006 (<0.05).Keywords: Differences in Positive or Negative Views, Mental Disorders

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Conséquences psychologiques de la retraite en fonction du sexe et du niveau occupationnel antérieur

Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement ◽

10.1017/s0714980800005997 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 149-168 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Gaston-René de Grâce ◽

Purushottam Joshi ◽

René Pelletier ◽

Claudine Beaupré

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Occupational Level ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dependent Variables ◽

One Year

ABSTRACTThis research, taking into account sex and previous occupational level, examines the influence of retirement on three dependent variables: loneliness, depression, and life satisfaction. One hundred and six men and women, aged 65 and receiving governmental pensions (Régie des rentes du Québec) completed on two occasions (with a one year interval) the Échelle de solitude de l'Université Laval, the Questionnaire de dépression de Beck and the Échelle de satisfaction de vie. The resulte indicate that there is no significant difference between Time 1 and Time 2 of evaluation on the three questionnaires (temporal view). However, from a cross-sectional perspective, newly retired men and professionals may be more lonely, less satisfied with their life and more depressed. The results are discussed in the light of Atchley's (1976b) model.

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