DECENTRALIZATION OF POWER IN UKRAINE: SOCIAL FACTORS, RISKS, CONFLICTS AND PROSPECTS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Pomaza-Ponomarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Individual Citizen ◽  
The Government ◽  
Decentralization Reform

The latest developments demonstrated that the social development in Ukraine and its communities can occur in different scenarios, which are constantly updated due to external and internal factors. It is established that the basis of these scenarios is the reform of decentralization of power. Its main purpose is to form the welfare of an individual citizen of a certain community. Thus, the paper objective is to carry out an overall study of social factors, risks, conflicts and prospects for decentralization of power. It is emphasized that in conditions of uncertainty it is difficult to make accurate assessments of its consequences. However, some social factors, risks, conflicts and prospects of decentralization of power at the regional and local levels are already to some extent clearly defined. It was defened that the following social factors are possible: conservatism of the inhabitants of a particular territory; their unwillingness to change the already established way of life, as well as their unwillingness to change the established order of development of power relations etc. it is justified that these factors are characterized by risk-taking and conflict. They can cause positive and negative consequences. It is determined that the social base of these risks and conflicts is the population of a certain territorial community, among which a significant influence may be exerted by the subregional elite. The functions of state authorities and local self-government bodies in the social sphere have been established, which should be implemented in the conditions of decentralization and the emergence of subject-subject relations. However, in Ukraine in the medium term (3-4 years) we can expect the implementation of such scenarios that directly depend on public policy measures taken by the government in the short term in the social sphere through decentralization reform. It is determined that the optimistic scenario of the state policy of Ukraine should provide of strengthening of social security of the regions.

Ekspektasi Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap Terhadap Faktor Sosial dan Ekonomi Masyarakat

Tunas Agraria ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu Andi Kurniawan ◽  
Setiowati Setiowati ◽  
Theresia Supriyanti
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Social Factor ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Public Expectations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Land Titling ◽  
Strong Relation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: The implementation of the PTSL Program by the government annually has the objective that all land parcels in Indonesia can be fully registered by 2025. One of the products of the implementation of the PTSL Program is the ownership of a land titling certificate that has social and economic impact on the community. Given the social and economic impacts of land rights certificates, the public's expectation of the PTSL Program will increase. This study aims to analyze the relationship and the influence of social and economic factors felt by the community with expectations on the implementation of PTSL in 2017. The research method used is quantitative by using a measure of Likert scale which is then analyzed based on correlation coefficient and regression so it is known that the relationship and the influence of social and economic factors with expectations of private universities. The result of this research is there is a significant correlation between social factor and economic factor with expectation to PTSL equal to 0,531 so that can be categorized as strong relation with significance value 0,000 <0,05. There is a significant influence between social factors and economic factors with expectations of PTSL of 0.298 with a significance value of 0.000 <0.05.Keywords: complete systematic land registry, public expectations, social and economic factor Intisari: Pelaksanaan Program PTSL oleh pemerintah setiap tahunnya memiliki tujuan agar seluruh bidang tanah di Indonesia dapat terdaftar seluruhnya pada tahun 2025. Salah satu produk dari pelaksanaan Program PTSL adalah kepemilikan sertipikat hak atas tanah yang memiliki dampak sosial dan ekonomi kepada masyarakat. Dengan adanya dampak sosial dan ekonomi dari sertipikat hak atas tanah maka harapan masyarakat terhadap Program PTSL akan semakin meningkat.Penelitian ini bertujuanmenganalisis hubungan dan pengaruh faktor sosial dan ekonomi yang dirasakan oleh masyarakat dengan ekspektasi terhadap pelaksanaan PTSL pada tahun 2017. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan alat ukur berupa skala likert yang kemudian dianalisis berdasarkan koefisien korelasi dan regresi sehingga diketahui besar hubungan dan pengaruh faktor sosial dan ekonomi dengan ekspektasi terhadap PTSL.Hasil penelitian ini yaitu terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor sosial dan faktor ekonomi dengan ekspektasi terhadap PTSL sebesar 0,531 sehingga dapat dikategorikan sebagai hubungan yang kuat dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara faktor sosial dan faktor ekonomi dengan ekspektasi terhadap PTSL sebesar 0,298 dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 < 0,05.Kata kunci: pendaftaran tanah sistematis lengkap, ekspektasi masyarakat, faktor sosial dan ekonomi

scholarly journals KONVERSI LAHAN SAWAH DI SUBAK PETANGAN KECAMATAN DENPASAR UTARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
I Gusti Jaya Wiraraja ◽  
Made - Antara ◽  
Ni Wayan Sri Astiti
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Develop Program

ABSTRACT Agricultural land has an important role as a medium to increase the income, standard of living, and welfare of farmers within. This study aims to 1) analyze the factors that influence the motivation of farmers in converting paddy fields, 2) analyze the social and economic impacts of land conversion in Subak Petangan, North Denpasar District. This research was carried out in the Subak Petangan Denpasar Utara which was chosen using  census with a population of 40 farm owner. The main instruments used in the data collection is questionnaires. Data analysis techniques used are factor analysis method and quantitative qualitative analysis. The study showed that land conversion are affected by internal and external factors. Internal factors are formed by the number of family member, level of education, life necessities (Maslow's hierarchy of needs), income from agricultural product. External factors are formed by lifestyle indicators, interest of the younger generation for farming, access to land management, availability of water irrigation. The sosial impact of land conversion are hampered on irrigation channels, the emergence of conflicts between farmers and owners of settlements, deterioration of cultural values in Subak Petangan, North Denpasar District and the economy impact are decreases in food source. All parties including the government as well as the subak member should be able to control and develop program or regulation to repress the land conversion's rate. Sosialy and economically, land conversion in Subak Petangan generate bad impact on the environment and culture around Subak Petangan rice field area.

scholarly journals Migration Processes in the Western Regions of Kazakhstan: Potential Government Measures to Mitigate Negative Consequences of the Current Economic Crisis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
Erjan Akhmedov
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Foreign Labor ◽  
Current Economic Crisis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Migration Dynamics

The migration situation in Kazakhstan is one of the most complex ones in the World. The current oil price plunge, which started in mid-2014, has seriously affected the oil-dependent Kazakh economy as well as the social sphere in general and the migration situation in particular. This article starts with a general overview of the migration situation in the country, studies the correlation between changes in real GDP and balance of migration and then addresses the migration processes in the Western oil-producing regions of the country. The paper specifically addresses these regions because they are more attractive, as half of all foreign labor force officially working in the country is employed hereas well as most of the illegal and in-country migrants. Alsowe should not omit one very important factor – in the oil producing regions of the country the relations between the local population and labor migrants are traditionally strained. Over the last 30 years there were many cases of social unrests and clashes between Kazakh and foreign workers. These facts show how important this problem is and that neglecting it by businesses, government entities and the local population can provoke further social problems. The article analyzes potential consequences of the current oil plunge on migration dynamics and recommends actions to be taken by government entities to mitigate the resulting negative consequences.

scholarly journals Brazil – Everyone Is on Their Own. Characteristics of Social Policy During the Covid-19 Crisis

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-69
Author(s):  
Y. Belous ◽  
A. Likhacheva
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Third ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Brazilian Government ◽  
The Social ◽  
Criminal Groups ◽  
Emergency Measures

The article is focused on the Brazil’s social policy before and during the first and the second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors highlight the specific features of the country’s social policy and at the social impact of the crisis, particularly looking at the example of the Brazilian criminal groups` participation in the fight against the pandemic. The article provides an overview of the measures adopted by the Brazilian Government to mitigate the negative consequences of COVID-19 in the social sphere. It is concluded that the effectiveness of the Brazilian response to the coronacrisis is low due to the structural imbalances accumulated before the outbreak of the pandemic. The article consists of three parts. The first analyses the main features of the country’s social policy before the outbreak of COVID-19. It reveals that Brazil’s social policy has already been struggling before the pandemic due to the effects of the 2015-2016 crisis. The second part of the article focuses on the anti-crisis measures adopted by the Brazilian Government during the pandemic and problems with implementing the anti-coronavirus plan in the social sphere. Examples of successful and failed experiences in the fight against the pandemic in Brazilian states are provided. The third part is devoted to the positions of the criminal groups on the issue of combating the pandemic, especially in the favelas that are the most vulnerable parts of the country. The specificity of Brazilian experience in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic relates to the growing influence of such non-state actors. The authors come to a conclusion that Brazilian response to the pandemic cannot be considered successful, despite numerous governmental initiatives to mitigate the crisis. The problems and shortcomings of the previous development do not allow Brazil to make an instant breakthrough in the field of social policy with emergency measures. The success of the proposed measures depends on the Brazilian Government's ability to address the structural problems in the social sphere.

scholarly journals The Problem of Supporting the Management of a Growing Multi-Discipline Group of Companies

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.38) ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
Liliya Mirzayanovna Sadrieva ◽  
Denis Vladimirovich Tsovma ◽  
Svetlana Valentinovna Iudina
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Informational Support ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
The Social ◽  
Industry Organization ◽  
The Government ◽  
Different Levels

The process of growth of corporations and groups of companies has slowed down in Russia since 2008-2009 but has not stopped. Nowadays, a group of companies is usually a poly-industry organization with the presence of none-core companies and companies of the social bloc that is often the result of a trade-off of large business and the government. The task of bringing out the groups of companies of the social bloc into the break-even zone in Russia became acute after 2014 due to a reduction in reserves of profitability growth in the main profitable blocs. It is very difficult for the management of the group of companies to differentiate external risks, some complex system and accidental internal factors of activity of a relatively large number of economic entities and not to lose control of the group as a whole. In the authors' opinion, the development of a methodology for informational support of policy decisions regarding the architecture of a group of companies can be based on well-known concepts (the concept of strategic management) and approaches (systematic and process approaches). Then, the management of the group of companies is presented in the form of a list of competencies with assigned managerial functions of information support of different levels developed by the authors and presented in the paper.  

scholarly journals POLITIK PENGELOLAAN KARST SANGKULIRANG- MANGKALIHAT: NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION DAN AGENDA KELESTARIAN LINGKUNGAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 190-209
Author(s):  
Etha Pasan
Keyword(s):  
Nongovernmental Organization ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Advocacy Network ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Local Ngo ◽  
Internal And External Factors

This research try to describe how local NGO in East Kalimantan, Jatam (Mining Advocacy Network) and Walhi (Friends of the Life) pursue their interest in the politics of environmental management in Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat Karst Area in East Kutai and Berau Regency in East Kalimantan Province. How do they strive for their interest? What kind of strategy they deploy? And why? The result shows that there are several strategies that Jatam and Walhi use. They are: 1) Protest, 2) Seminar/FGD, and 3) Campaign. Those strategies are influenced by internal and external factors. For the internal factors, both Jatam and Walhi�s structure of organization creates possibilities to collaborate with other party with the same agenda to achieve the goal. The second internal factor is the funding. Is is widely known that local NGO in East Kalimantan, especially those who strive for environmental protection lack the financial resources to fund their agenda. Both Jatam and Walhi�s financial resources are relatively small compared to the resources of related actors such as the Government and corporations. With such conditions, street protests, seminar and campaign become the rational instruments to be deployed. The last is external factor that considers the social and political context of East Kalimantan society that make them choose those strategies.

scholarly journals https://unbc.arcabc.ca/islandora/object/unbc%3A59196

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Megan Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Forest Sector ◽  
Transition Management ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Climate Targets ◽  
Forestry Workers ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Government ◽  
Transition Policy ◽  
The Impact

‘Just transition’ is a burgeoning policy goal, as well as an academic and social justice concept. Governments are increasingly operationalizing just transition policy approaches as they realize the scale and scope of industrial transition needed to meet climate targets, recognizing the impact this transition will have on workers and communities. However, there is little consensus on what is considered ‘just’ and ‘fair’. Through interviews with over 40 participants in the Cariboo Regional District (during the COVID-19 pandemic), this thesis will provide insights into the concept of a just transition according to forestry-dependent workers and communities. This research examines the Government of British Columbia’s ‘Supports for Interior Forestry Workers’ programs in response to the 2019 forest sector downturn and describes lessons about how impacted workers and community members evaluate transition management based on their perceptions and values. This work also offers principles and practices for delivering just transition policy and program supports. This research suggests that the Government of British Columbia must adjust existing supports and proactively develop policy measures to manage and mitigate the negative consequences of future transitions in collaboration with other key actors.

Problems and Development Prospects of Public-Private Entrepreneurship

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 993-1004
Author(s):  
O. V. Burgonov ◽  
A. V. Semenov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Private Entrepreneurship ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
The Government

The presented study addresses the problems of interaction between the public (government) and private sectors in the process of social reproduction. Evolution of the mechanism, models, and forms of public-private entrepreneurship has led to the widespread use of public-private partnerships (PPP) based on the utilization of innovation and investment resources of the business to solve economic and social problems. Economic restructuring spurred by digitalization, the pandemic, the shifting balance of power in the world, departure from unilateralism, financialization of economies, and globalization of economic crises decrease the productivity of traditional economic regulation measures taken by the government. Thus, it becomes obvious that further development of public-private partnerships requires enhanced public monitoring using cloud-based information systems, together with updated legislation in this area and new management personnel. The government should encourage innovations in the development of public-private entrepreneurship forms and facilitate interaction with business structures in the context of national and local budget deficit. These measures will help to improve the rate and quality of economic growth in Russia and transition to the sixth wave of innovation. Aim. The study aims to show the genesis and mechanism of interaction between public authorities and business structures and its role in economic development; analyze major forms of public-private entrepreneurship; identify problems and propose recommendations for improving government-business interaction within the framework of public-private partnerships in the context of slower economic growth and the government’s limited ability to implement large-scale investment projects, including in the social sphere. Tasks. The authors analyze the development of public-private entrepreneurship in Russia and across the world, highlighting the features and models of such interaction; examine the legislative features and mechanisms of public-private entrepreneurship; identify problems and opportunities for the successful implementation of government-business interaction in the investment sphere of the Russian Federation. Methods. This study is based on the historical and logical approach, systems analysis, critical examination of scientific literature in relation to the adopted legislation, elements of complex analysis, modeling of interaction processes between public institutions and business structures. Results. The authors prove that by enhancing the interaction between business structures and the government through the development of public-private partnerships in the creation and operation of infrastructure, information technologies, and the social sphere, it will be possible to increase the rate of economic growth, to reduce the burden on the national budget in the context of economic stagnation and recession, and to secure the government’s obligations in the social sphere. The proposed recommendations for improving public-private entrepreneurship include improving the quality of the legal framework regulating the type of partnership, improving its information infrastructure, having a targeted strategy and tactics for the development of public-private entrepreneurship at the national, regional, and municipal level, as well as developing managerial competencies in the field of public-private entrepreneurship process management. Conclusions. The study substantiates the need to form and train efficient project teams, whose tasks should include competent support of a PPP project at all stages, from concept definition to implementation, and using the infrastructure mortgage principle and public control in public-private partnership.

Of guns and trees: impact of terrorism on forest conservation

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
VIVEKANANDA MUKHERJEE ◽  
GAUTAM GUPTA
Keyword(s):  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Terrorist Organizations ◽  
Social Loss ◽  
Full Control ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Many terrorist organizations around the world seek shelter in forests and this paper tries to address the impact of this phenomenon on forest conservation. We construct a framework to measure the social loss when a terrorist lives in the forest and has full control over the forest resources. We also consider a game between the terrorists and the government when the government tries to combat them to recover the social loss. We characterize the equilibrium of the game in which the terrorist chooses the optimum rotation length of the forest and the government chooses the optimum combat-effort. We derive the impact of two popular policy measures such as strengthening the combat operations and restricting the sale of timber by the terrorist groups in the market, on forest conservation and find both to be negative.

scholarly journals Gerhard Lohfink’s Interpretative Key to the Sermon on the Mount

Verbum Vitae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1335-1355
Author(s):  
Marian Szczepan Machinek
Keyword(s):  
Moral Norms ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
Sermon On The Mount ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Israel

The purpose of this article is to elicit and analyze the main interpretative key used by the German exegete Gerhard Lohfink in his reading of the Sermon on the Mount. It does not attempt, however, tracing in detail the scholar's interpretation of the individual passages within that biblical text. In Lohfink’s understanding, the Sermon on the Mount is not addressed directly to all people but only to those who become disciples of Jesus, and who allow themselves to be gathered as the new Israel. By living according to the message of the Sermon on the Mount, communities of disciples become a light to the world, creating a “contrast society” and thereby demonstrating to the world that human relationships can be shaped in new ways. It is only through this mediation of Christian communities that the world at large can discover the message of the Sermon on the Mount which, in the end, is not a set of abstract moral norms, but rather an indication of the way of life appropriate for the social sphere in which God reigns.

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