scholarly journals Genetic markers of decline human cognitive functions in Alzheimer`s disease

2018 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
А.В. Бочарова ◽  
А.В. Марусин ◽  
О.А. Макеева ◽  
И.А. Жукова ◽  
Н.Г. Жукова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Minor Allele ◽  
Russian Population ◽  
Polymorphic Variant ◽  
Control Group

Проведено репликативное ассоциативное исследование в дизайне случай-контроль 30 однонуклеотидных полиморфных вариантов генов, показавших высокодостоверную ассоциацию с когнитивными функциями, болезнью Альцгеймера (БА) или шизофренией по данным полногеномных ассоциативных исследований и метаанализам. Была установлена статистически достоверная ассоциация полиморфного варианта rs12922317 гена SNX29 с фенотипом БА, что в других работах не встречалось. Минорный аллель G rs12922317 гена SNX29 достоверно чаще встречался среди больных БА по сравнению с контрольной группой (OR = 1,57, 95% CI 1,14-2,16, p = 0,006). В других работах была показана роль полиморфного маркера rs12922317 гена SNX29 в развитии таких заболеваний, как шизофрения, В-клеточная лимфома яичка и эпителиальная овариальная карцинома. We have held a replication associative study in case-control design of 30 SNPs of genes that showed association with cognitive functions or Alzheimer’s disease or schizophrenia according to the data of GWAS. A statistically significant association of the polymorphic variant rs12922317 of SNX29 gene with the Alzheimer’s disease in the Russian population was established, which was not found in other studies. Minor allele G rs12922317 of SNX29 gene was significantly more frequent among patients with the Alzheimer’s disease compared with control group (OR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.14-2.16, p = 0.006), and according to GWAS this marker was associated with schizophrenia.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF UNSATURATED INDICATORS FATTY ACIDS IN ELDERLY PATIENTS IN INITIAL STAGES OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND VASCULAR DEMENTIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 265-272
Author(s):  
Е. Е. Дубинина ◽  
Л. В. Щедрина ◽  
К. В. Ющин ◽  
Е. В. Светкина ◽  
Н. М. Залуцкая ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Omega 3

Снижение когнитивных функций вплоть до развития деменции у пожилых людей связывают с уменьшением в крови уровня полиненасыщенных жирных кислот, особенно Омега-3, которое происходит на фоне окислительного стресса. В работе представлен сравнительный анализ спектра полиненасыщенных жирных кислот и активности отдельных компонентов ферментативной антиоксидантной системы в крови у лиц пожилого возраста с нарушением показателей когнитивного функционирования до уровня «мягкое когнитивное снижение» первично-атрофической (MCI БА, продромальная болезнь Альцгеймера) или васкулярной этиологии (MCI СД, продромальная сосудистая деменция) по сравнению с пожилыми людьми без признаков нарушений когнитивных функций. Выявлено снижение концентрации Омега-3 полиненасыщенных жирных кислот в крови обеих групп обследованных больных по сравнению с контрольной группой. У пациентов с MCI БА обнаружено резкое снижение концентрации арахидоновой кислоты (Омега-6) по сравнению с больными MCI СД и контрольной группой. Выявленное нами снижение активности антиоксидантной ферментативной системы и снижение полиненасыщенных жирных кислот за счет их пероксидации свидетельствует об интенсификации процессов окислительного стресса у пациентов с нарушением когнитивных функций. Обсуждается вопрос о патогенетической роли арахидоновой кислоты у больных, предрасположенных в будущем к развитию болезни Альцгеймера. A decrease in cognitive functions up to the development of dementia in the elderly is associated with a decrease in the blood level of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially Omega-3, which occurs against the background of oxidative stress. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the spectrum of polyunsaturated fatty acids and the activity of individual components of the enzymatic antioxidant system in the blood of elderly people with impaired cognitive performance to the level of «mild cognitive decline» (MCI AD, prodromal Alzheimer’s disease) or vascular etiology (MCI VaD, prodromal vascular dementia) compared with older people without signs of cognitive impairment. A decrease in the concentration of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the blood of both groups of the examined patients was revealed compared with the control group. In patients with AD MCI, a sharp decrease in the concentration of arachidonic acid (Omega-6) was detected compared with patients with MCI VaD and the control group. The decrease in the activity of the antioxidant enzymatic system and the decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acids due to their peroxidation revealed in this study indicate an intensification of the OS processes in patients with impaired cognitive functions. The question of the pathogenetic role of arachidonic acid in patients predisposed in the future to the development of AD is discussed.

Acute Exercise and Cognitive Function in Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ines Ben Ayed ◽  
Naomie Castor-Guyonvarch ◽  
Souad Amimour ◽  
Salma Naija ◽  
Chirine Aouichaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Tower Of Hanoi ◽  
The Impact

Background: Many studies have shown the impact of acute aerobic exercises (AAE) on cognition in healthy adults or at a pre-dementia stage. Few studies, however, have explored the positive effects of AAE in moderate Alzheimer’s disease (ADM) patients. Objective: Evaluating the effect of AAE on cognitive functions in ADM patients. Methods: Overall, 79 (age: 69.62±0.99) ADM patients were recruited. Participants were divided into three groups according to the task: aerobic exercises done alone or combined with cognitive games presented on a screen, and a control group who performed a reading task. The aerobic exercise protocol consisted of a 20-min cycling exercise of moderate intensity, corresponding to 60%of the individual target maximal heart rate recorded in a 6-minute walking test. The participants’ cognition was monitored before and after the intervention using the Tower of Hanoi, Digit Span, and Stroop tasks. Results: After the exercise, the participants’ attention in both the physical and combined groups improved for the Stroop, the forward and backward Digit Span tasks, as well as the time taken to solve the Tower of Hanoi, although no significant differences were found in the number of moves taken in the latter. By contrast, the control group did not show any significant improvement for most of the cognitive tasks after the reading session. Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that AAE may help to improve cognitive functions in ADM patients. This improvement is enhanced when the exercise is combined with cognitive games. Safe and progressive types of exercises should be promoted among ADM patients.

Music therapy in moderate and severe dementia of Alzheimer's type: a case–control study

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. Svansdottir ◽  
J. Snaedal
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Study

Background: Music therapy is a potential non-pharmacological treatment for the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, but although some studies have found it to be helpful, most are small and uncontrolled.Methods: This case–control study was carried out by qualified music therapists in two nursing homes and two psychogeriatric wards. The participants were 38 patients with moderate or severe Alzheimer's disease (AD) assigned randomly to a music therapy group and a control group.Results: The study showed a significant reduction in activity disturbances in the music therapy group during a 6-week period measured with the Behavior Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE-AD). There was also a significant reduction in the sum of scores of activity disturbances, aggressiveness and anxiety. Other symptoms rated by subscales of the BEHAVE-AD did not decrease significantly. Four weeks later the effects had mostly disappeared.Conclusions: Music therapy is a safe and effective method for treating agitation and anxiety in moderately severe and severe AD. This is in line with the results of some non-controlled studies on music therapy in dementia.

TREATMENT EFFECTS OF VORTIOXETINE ON COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS IN MILD ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE PATIENTS WITH DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS: A 12 MONTH, OPEN-LABEL, OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Cumbo ◽  
S. Cumbo ◽  
S. Torregrossa ◽  
D. Migliore
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Study Setting

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:depressive symptoms are common in Alzheimer’s disease(AD). Aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of vortioxetine compared with other conventional antidepressants on cognitive functions in AD patients with depressive symptoms. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, 12 month, parallel-group study. SETTING: All participants were evaluated on-site at Neurodegenerative Disorders Unit, ASP2 Caltanissetta(Italy). PARTICIPANTS: 108(71 female, 37 male) AD patients with depression(mean age 76.7± 4.3). INTERVENTION: Randomized subjects received vortioxetine, 15 mg/day(n=36) or other common antidepressants(n=72). MEASURES:primary outcome was change from baseline in the MMSE; secondary outcomes were change in Attentive Matrices, Raven Coloured Progressive Matrices, Digit Span, HAM-D and Cornell scale. RESULTS: Statistically significant improvement vs. controls was observed for vortioxetine on most of the cognitive tests and showed significantly baseline-to-endpoint reduction in both HAM-D and Cornell total scores.The most commonly reported adverse events were nausea and headache for votioxetine; nausea in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Vortioxetine had a beneficial effect on cognition and mood in elderly AD patients and was safe and well tolerated.

Replicative association analysis of genetic markers of cognitive traits with Alzheimer’s disease in the Russian population

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 835-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Stepanov ◽  
A. V. Bocharova ◽  
A. V. Marusin ◽  
N. G. Zhukova ◽  
V. M. Alifirova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Association Analysis ◽  
Russian Population ◽  
Cognitive Traits

Effect Of Nhexane Extract Of Caryota No Seed On Markers Of Neurodegeneration And Fecundity In Drosophila Melanogaster

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Chinonye A Maduagwuna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Chronic Neuroinflammation

Study background: Chronic neuroinflammation is a common emerging hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases. Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia among the elderly and is characterized by loss of memory and other cognitive functions.

Alzheimer’s Disease: Erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate Content and Circulating Erythropoietin

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 834-835
Author(s):  
Petter Järemo ◽  
Alenka Jejcic ◽  
Vesna Jelic ◽  
Tasmin Shahnaz ◽  
Homira Behbahani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Oxygen Release ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Β Amyloid ◽  
2,3 Dpg

Background: Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) features the accumulation of β-amyloid in erythrocytes. The subsequent red cell damage may well affect their oxygen-carrying capabilities. 2,3- diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) binds to the hemoglobin thereby promoting oxygen release. It is theorized that 2,3-DPG is reduced in AD and that the resulting hypoxia triggers erythropoietin (EPO) release. Methods & Objective: To explore this theory, we analyzed red cell 2,3-DPG content and EPO in AD, mild cognitive impairment, and the control group, subjective cognitive impairment. Results: We studied (i) 2,3-DPG in red cells, and (ii) circulating EPO in AD, and both markers were unaffected by dementia. Disturbances of these oxygen-regulatory pathways do not appear to participate in brain hypoxia in AD.

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