New high-productive varieties of Sudan grass

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Н.А. Ковтунова ◽  
В.В. Ковтунов ◽  
А.Е. Романюкин ◽  
Е.А. Шишова
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
The North ◽  
Extractive Substances ◽  
Green Fodder

Исследования проведены в 2015–2020 годах на опытном участке ФГБНУ «АНЦ «Донской», расположенном в зоне неустойчивого увлажнения в Зерноградском районе Ростовской области. Так как в последние годы в летний период здесь наблюдается сильная засуха, высокие температуры и неравномерное распределение осадков, многие культуры не способны обеспечить необходимое количество кормов. Поэтому возрос интерес к суданской траве. Данная культура является одной из самых засухоустойчивых, жаростойких, солевыносливых. По содержанию питательных веществ зелёная масса суданской травы не уступает однолетним кормовым культурам, содержит большое количество жира, клетчатки, БЭВ. В ФГБНУ «АНЦ «Донской» созданы и внесены в Государственный реестр селекционных достижений два сорта: Алиса (2019 год) и Грация (2020 год). Сорта допущены к использованию в Северо-Кавказском, Нижне-Волжском и Центрально-Чернозёмном регионах России, могут использоваться для возделывания на зелёный корм и сено. Цель данной работы — оценить морфологические, биологические и урожайные свойства новых сортов суданской травы Алиса и Грация, выделить их особенности и преимущества перед стандартом. Исследования проводились в трёхпольном севообороте. Предшественник — озимая пшеница. Установлено, что новые сорта характеризуются повышенной интенсивностью начального роста и послеукосного отрастания. Они отличаются высокой устойчивостью к поражению всеми видами головни, слабо поражаются бактериозом. Средняя урожайность составила: зеленой массы — 36 т/га (сорт Алиса) и 37 т/га (сорт Грация), абсолютно сухого вещества — 8,5 и 8,8 т/га соответственно, что превышало стандартный сорт Александрина соответственно на 5–6 и 0,7–1,0 т/га. The investigation was conducted at the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in 2015–2020. The Center is located at the Zernograd district of the Rostov region. Severe drought, high temperature and water deficit significantly reduce productivity of many crops in summer. Therefore, cultivation of Sudan grass gained a lot of attention. This crop is highly resistant to drought, heat and salinity. Its green mass is rich in nutrients, fat, fiber and nitrogen-free extractive substances. The Center bred and registered two varieties: “Alisa” (2019) and “Gratsiya” (2020). Both genotypes are adapted to the North Caucasian, Lower Volga and Central Chernozem regions for green fodder and hay production. The aim was to evaluate morphology, biology and yield of these varieties and identify their benefits over the standard. Plants were cultivated under the three-field crop rotation after winter wheat. “Alisa” and “Gratsiya” showed high growth rate, resistance to various smut and bacterial diseases. “Alisa” produces 36 of green mass and 8.5 t ha-1 of absolutely dry matter on average, “Gratsiya” — 37 and 8.8 t ha-1, respectively, exceeding the standard variety “Aleksandrina” by 5–6 and 0.7–1.0 t ha-1.

The advantages of new Sudan grass “Alisa”

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н. Ковтунова ◽  
А. Алабушев ◽  
А. Романюкин ◽  
Е. Шишова ◽  
В. Ковтунов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
The State ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
The North

Одной из задач сельского хозяйства является увеличение производства кормов для животных, улучшение их качества и питательности. Большую роль при этом играют однолетние кормовые культуры, среди которых по жаро и засухоустойчивости, неприхотливости к почвам, стабильной урожайности следует выделить суданскую траву. В Государственный реестр селекционных достижений к 2018 году включён 41 сорт суданской травы, восемь из которых рекомендованы для возделывания в СевероКавказском регионе. Современные сорта суданской травы позволяют получать до 4045 т/га зелёной массы за сезон (дватри укоса). Отмечая успехи в селекции суданской травы, следует признать, что имеющийся ассортимент сортов необходимо расширить новыми сортами, обладающими лучшими качествами. В связи с этим целью работы являлось создание среднеспелого сорта суданской травы с высокой адаптивностью, обеспечивающего прибавку урожайности зелёной массы 24 т/га. Исследования выполнены в ФГБНУ АНЦ Донской в соответствии с Методикой Государственной комиссии по сортоиспытанию сельскохозяйственных культур. Создан новый среднеспелый сорт суданской травы Алиса. Растения высокорослые, при созревании достигают высоты 215 см, хорошо облиственные (3545), сухо и тонкостебельные (0,61,0 см), кустистые, ко второму укосу формируют до трёхпяти стеблей на растении. Сорт отличается повышенной интенсивностью начального роста и послеукосного отрастания, устойчивостью к засухе. Средняя урожайность зелёной массы в конкурсном испытании составила 42 т/га, абсолютно сухого вещества 10,8 т/га, что превысило показатели стандарта Александрина соответственно на 5 и 1,5 т/га. В 20172018 годах сорт Алиса успешно прошёл государственное сортоиспытание на 22 сортоучастках в трёх регионах России. One of the objectives of agriculture is to increase the production of animal feed, and improve their quality and nutritional value.A major role is played by annual forage crops like Sudan grass, which has good heat and drought tolerance,adaptability to soil conditions and stable yield. By 2018, 41 varieties of Sudan grass were included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements, 8 of which were recommended for the North Caucasian region. Modern varieties of Sudan grass can produce up to 4045 t ha1 of green mass per season (2 or 3 cuts). The existing range of Sudan grass varieties should be increased with new varieties that have better qualities. In this regard, the aim of the work was to create a midseason variety of Sudan grass with high adaptability, providing an increase in green mass yield by 24 t ha1. The studies were carried out at the State Scietific Establishment Agricultural Research Center Donskoy(SSE ARC Donskoy) in accordance with the Methodology of the State Commission for CropTesting . The new midseason variety of Sudan grass Alisa has been created. Plants are tall (up to 215 cm), well leafy (3545), have dry and fine stems (0.61.0 cm), and form up to 35 stems on the plant by the second cut. The variety is characterized by increased intensity of initial growth, fast regrowth after cutting and drought tolerance. The average yield of green mass in competitive trial was 42 t ha1, absolute dry matter yield was 10.8 t ha1, which exceeds the standard Alexandrina by 5 and 1.5 t ha1, respectively. During the years 20172018, Alisa successfully passed the State variety trial on 22 locations in 3 regions of Russia.

scholarly journals The achievements in the sorghum varieties and hybrids' breeding in the ARC “Donskoy”

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
A. V. Alabushev
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Cereal Aphids ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Green Fodder

Sorghum is one of the most important crops in all arid tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, and Central America. In the Russian Federation, the sowing area of sorghum varied from 8.7 to 228.6 thousand ha throughout about 20 years (1999–2018). The main share (93–98%) of the sowing area of sorghum in Russia is located in the Pre-Volga region and the Southern Federal District. The Rostov Region as a part of the Southern Federal District accounts for up to 46–69% of sorghum crops (Kovtunov, 2018). The most effective way to increase productivity and product quality is to create new varieties adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of cultivation and introduce them into agricultural production. The FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” developed the white-kernelled sorghum varieties “Velikan”, “Zernogradskoye 88” and “Ataman” with 5.41–5.85 t/ha of productivity not only for fodder, but also for food (starch, alcohol). The sweet sorghum varieties “Listvenit”, “Yuzhnoye” and “Feniks” with green mass productivity of 38–46 t/ha are intended for use on green fodder and silage and are characterized by intensive initial growth, lodging resistance, drought resistance, resistance to dust smut, bacteriosis and to cereal aphids. The Sudan grass varieties “Anastasiya”, “Alisa” and “Gratsiaya” developed in the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” are characterized by the intensive initial growth and regrowth. They are middle-ripening, drought tolerant, highly productive with 41–44 t/ha of green mass and 8.3–8.6 t/ha of dry matter. There have been developed and are being tested the promising sorghum-Sudan hybrids with 62–77 t/ha of green mass and 11.4–16.6 t/ha of dry matter obtained in mowing the aftermath.

scholarly journals Productivity and nutritional value of Sudanese grass when cultivated for green fodder

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Yuri Nikolaevich Pleskachev ◽  
Julia Alexandrovna Laptina ◽  
Olga Gennadievna Gichenkova ◽  
Natalya Alexandrovna Kulikova
Keyword(s):  
Farm Animals ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Sowing Seed

Increasing the productivity and quality of forage crops is a necessary condition for creating a solid feed base that will ensure the full feeding of farm animals. The paper considers the results of studies on the influence of mineral fertilizers and pre-sowing seed treatment with Raikat Start on the production processes of the Sudan grass of the Julia variety on chestnut soils in the Lower Volga region. It was found that the highest yield of green mass of Sudan grass 28.6 t / ha was formed on the variant with the introduction of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N120 P120 K90 + N30 and the growth stimulator Raikat Start, the increase to the control was 9.3 t / ha. This variant also showed a decrease in the fiber content and an increase in the proportion of pro-tein from 7.05 % in the first cut to 8.28 % in the third cut. The application of mineral fertilizers in the studied dose provided a green mass of Sudan grass that was safe for agricultural animals with a nitrate content of no more than 407 mg/kg.

The Job Of Microfinance For The Advancement Of Self Help Groups In India

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (8) ◽  
pp. 236-240
Author(s):  
Dr.R. Murugesan ◽  
M. Leelavathi ◽  
Dr. K. Ravindran
Keyword(s):  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Entrepreneurial Skills ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Self Help Groups ◽  
Positive Step ◽  
Food Consumed

towards jumping from the category of developing economy to developed economy there is one big factor that stops and poses a hindrance in its path of advancement and that obstacle is termed as Poverty. The Indian economic policy focuses on a high growth rate along with a equal participation of the poor so that they avail the opportunities available in the market economy. And in order to ensure the participation of the poor it has become important for the country to create a platform where the poor can easily access the various financial products. Microfinance is one such strategy for inclusive growth. Microfinance can change the life of the poor though not completely but a reasonable change can be ensured. In different phases of life women play a crucial role despite the discrimination that is faced by them. But equality can be endowed to women by enhancing the entrepreneurial skills in them. This is possible through Self Help Groups (SHGs). In India women produce around 30% of the total food consumed but she gets only 10% of the property or wealth of the country. Development of women is inevitable for the development and growth of any economy. SHGs happen to be a positive step in this direction. Along with these mediums there should be a cheap and easy source of credit for them and Microfinance fulfills the requirement. This study aims to find the role of this strong medium of Microfinance in the advancement of SHGs in India

Exploring SiC Growth Limitation of Vapor-Liquid-Solid Mechanism when Using Two Different Carbon Precursors

2013 ◽  
Vol 740-742 ◽  
pp. 323-326
Author(s):  
Kassem Alassaad ◽  
François Cauwet ◽  
Davy Carole ◽  
Véronique Soulière ◽  
Gabriel Ferro
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Carbon Precursor ◽  
Growth Limitation ◽  
Vapor Liquid Solid ◽  
Partial Pressures ◽  
Vapor Liquid Solid Mechanism ◽  
Vls Growth ◽  
Vapor Liquid

Abstract. In this paper, conditions for obtaining high growth rate during epitaxial growth of SiC by vapor-liquid-solid mechanism are investigated. The alloys studied were Ge-Si, Al-Si and Al-Ge-Si with various compositions. Temperature was varied between 1100 and 1300°C and the carbon precursor was either propane or methane. The variation of layers thickness was studied at low and high precursor partial pressure. It was found that growth rates obtained with both methane and propane are rather similar at low precursor partial pressures. However, when using Ge based melts, the use of high propane flux leads to the formation of a SiC crust on top of the liquid, which limits the growth by VLS. But when methane is used, even at extremely high flux (up to 100 sccm), no crust could be detected on top of the liquid while the deposit thickness was still rather small (between 1.12 μm and 1.30 μm). When using Al-Si alloys, no crust was also observed under 100 sccm methane but the thickness was as high as 11.5 µm after 30 min growth. It is proposed that the upper limitation of VLS growth rate depends mainly on C solubility of the liquid phase.

scholarly journals Influence of Adding Encapsulated Phase Change Materials in Aerial Lime Based Mortars

2013 ◽  
Vol 687 ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Cunha ◽  
José Barroso Aguiar ◽  
Victor Ferreira ◽  
António Tadeu
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Aesthetic Appearance ◽  
Hardened State ◽  
High Energy Consumption

Increasingly in a society with a high growth rate and standards of comfort, the need to minimize the currently high energy consumption by taking advantage of renewable energy sources arises. The mortars with incorporation of phase change materials (PCM) have the ability to regulate the temperature inside buildings, contributing for an increase in the level of thermal comfort and reduction of the use of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment, using only the energy supplied by the sun. However, the incorporation of PCM in mortars modifies some of its characteristics. Therefore, the main objective of this study was the characterization of mortars doped with two different phase change materials. Specific properties of different PCM, such as particle size, shape and enthalpy were studied, as well as the properties of the fresh and hardened state of these mortars. Nine different compositions were developed which were initially doped with microcapsules of PCM A and subsequently doped with microcapsules of PCM B. It was possible to observe that the incorporation of phase change materials in mortars causes differences in properties such as compressive strength, flexural strength and shrinkage. After the study of the behaviour of these mortars with the incorporation of two different phase change materials, it was possible to select the composition with a better compromise between its aesthetic appearance, physical and mechanical characteristics.

XIV.—Rowett Research Institute

1951 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-276
Author(s):  
D. P. Cuthbertson
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Medical Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
The North ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
The University

The Rowett Institute for research on animal nutrition had its origin under a scheme for promoting scientific research in agriculture adopted by the Development Commission in 1911.The Governing Body, which originally consisted of an equal number of members appointed by the Court of the University of Aberdeen and the Governors of the North of Scotland College of Agriculture, was constituted in 1913. Within recent years it has been expanded to include persons nominated by the Secretary of State for Scotland, the Royal Society, the Royal Society of Edinburgh, the Agricultural Research Council, and the Medical Research Council. Research work was begun in temporary accommodation in Marischal College in 1914, under the direction of Dr John Boyd Orr—now Lord Boyd-Orr—who continued as Director until his retirement in 1945.

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