scholarly journals The Federal Budget of the Russian Federation as an instrument of socio-economic development: educational aspects

2021 ◽  
pp. 198-208
Author(s):  
Милана Гумкиевна Успаева ◽  
Ахмед Магомедович Гачаев ◽  
Мадина Рамзановна Хаджимурадова
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Functional Connections ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Budget System

Внедрение институционального подхода к исследованию бюджетной системы является важным и включает определение признаков института бюджетного регулирования, институциональной среды, обеспечивающее его функционирование, трансакционных затрат с применением теории общественного выбора. Институты бюджетной системы имеют сложную внутреннюю структуру норм, правил, эволюция этих институтов тесно связана с развитием институтов государственного управления, макроэкономического регулирования. На основные характеристики функционирования и развития социально-экономических систем в плоскости общественной жизни с его философскими, правовыми, социальными, психологическими, культурными особенностями непосредственно влияют проявления тесной связи таких факторов, как экономическое поведение субъектов предпринимательской деятельности и факторы, ее определяющие; система и структура стимулов и мотивов экономических агентов; нормы, принципы, правила экономического поведения. Необходимые институты в сфере государственных финансов формируются в процессе общественного развития, определенные функциональные связи, которые устанавливаются между ними, становятся основой возникновения соответствующих финансовых отношений. Институциональная среда раскрывает влияние финансового механизма на показатели экономического и социального развития. Исследование взаимосвязи эффективности бюджетной системы как составляющей государственного регулирования и характеристики институциональной среды страны доказывают, что именно институциональная среда в значительной мере создает условия, при которых в рамках институциональной архитектоники экономической системы выстраивается ее составляющая — институциональная архитектоника финансовой системы. Такие условия существенно зависят от ряда особенностей страны в историческом и социокультурном аспектах, становления институтов в обществе, характеристики его институциональной среды. The introduction of an institutional approach to the study of the budget system is important and includes the definition of the features of the institution of budget regulation, the institutional environment that ensures its functioning, transaction costs using the theory of public choice. The institutions of the budget system have a complex internal structure of norms and rules, the evolution of these institutions is closely related to the development of public administration institutions, macroeconomic regulation. The main characteristics of the functioning and development of socio-economic systems in the plane of public life with its philosophical, legal, social, psychological, cultural characteristics are directly affected by the manifestations of a close relationship of such factors as the economic behavior of business entities and the factors that determine it; the system and structure of incentives and motives of economic agents; norms, principles, rules of economic behavior. The necessary institutions in the field of public finance are formed in the process of social development, certain functional connections that are established between them become the basis for the emergence of appropriate financial relations. The institutional environment reveals the impact of the financial mechanism on the indicators of economic and social development. The study of the relationship between the effectiveness of the budget system as a component of state regulation and the characteristics of the country's institutional environment proves that it is the institutional environment that largely creates the conditions under which its component — the institutional architectonics of the financial system-is built within the framework of the institutional architectonics of the economic system. Such conditions significantly depend on a number of features of the country in historical and socio-cultural aspects, the formation of institutions in society, the characteristics of its institutional environment.

scholarly journals Formation of budgets of local self governance in the system of social development of territorial communities

2018 ◽  
pp. 153-161
Author(s):  
Alexey Chugunov
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Financial Regulation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Endogenous Factors ◽  
Budget Planning ◽  
Local Government Budget ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Budget System

The subject of the study is theoretical and practical issues of the formation of budgets of local self-government in the system of social development of territorial communities. The purpose of the study is to reveal the priority tasks for improving the system of formation of budgets of local self-government. Research methods. The paper uses a set of scientific methods and approaches, including systematic, structural, comparative, factor methods, which allowed to realize the conceptual unity of the research. Results of work. The article reveals the role of local self-government budgets in the development of administrative-territorial units. A number of legislative and normative acts on regulation of the process of formation of budgets of local self-government are generalized. The priority tasks of the budget policy concerning support of territorial communities, strengthening of their tax capacity, increase of efficiency of coordination of activity of bodies of state power and local self-government are determined. The article is based on the establishment of an effective institutional framework for the formation of local self-government budgets in the system of social development of territorial communities. The field of application of results. System of state financial regulation, budgetary policy, budget system. Conclusions. The development of the budget system is possible by ensuring the sustainability of the formation of local government budgets in the system of social development of territorial communities, activating their innovation-investment component and strengthening the influence on the socio-economic development of administrative-territorial units. The importance of further enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of the formation of local government budgets is conditioned by the need to increase the efficiency of the management of public financial resources in the conditions of their constraints, the development of a strategy for the development of local government budgets and the creation of institutional conditions for increasing their self-sufficiency, taking into account the cyclical nature of economic fluctuations and the impact of exogenous and endogenous factors in financially -budgetary environment. At this stage, the important task is to implement effective transformations of the system of forming local budgets by supporting voluntary associations of territorial communities, which necessitates the increase of efficiency and efficiency of administrative decisions of executive bodies and local governments in the field of strategic budget planning. It is advisable to improve the system of monitoring the socioeconomic efficiency of local government budget expenditures by using qualitative and quantitative indicators, introducing medium-term budget planning at the local level, adhering to the principle of transparency and accountability of local self-governance bodies to the public. Important tasks are improving the system of formation of local budgets taking into account application of modern financial-budget methods and tools; Creation of effective incentives to ensure the interest of local self-government bodies in the growth of their own income base and increase their level of responsibility for the use of budget resources; ensuring adequate revenues to local government budgets, and increasing the efficiency of the use of budget resources.

scholarly journals Development of the impact investing ecosystem in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-228
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Bukharina ◽  
Oksana Onyshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Impact Investing ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

The impact investing ecosystem is currently in its infancy in Ukraine. The aim of the paper is to identify the problems of impact investing development in Ukraine and to propose the ways to develop the ecosystem of social investment in the country. In the course of the research, general scientific methods of analysis were used: formal, logical, and comparative. Results of the research suggest that theory and practice of state regulation in Ukraine still lack the conceptualized mechanisms of impact investing and the corresponding institutional environment. On the other hand, there is a high level of interest and engagement in it from both the public and potential and current investors. The data obtained prove the importance of civil society cooperation in creating a favorable ecosystem of impact investing to maximize its integration into the economy. The development of impact investing ecosystem in Ukraine depends on certain socio-economic and legal barriers at an initial stage such as: low level of public understanding about the problem, absence of clear legal regulation and uncertainty of the “rules of the game” at the legislative level, openness and publicity of enterprises, which is not a characteristic feature of the economic environment in the country today. Furthermore, effective directions and mechanisms for development of the impact investing ecosystem are proposed.

scholarly journals Tax incentives for innovation in the energy sector

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Olga Ivanova ◽  
Viacheslav Laptiev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the current issues of stimulating innovation in the energy sector and rational use of energy resources. A three-level system of problem-oriented management of human resources for stimulating innovation in the energy sector is proposed. The system considers the impact of the human factor on innovative development at the national, regional and enterprise levels. Also, the need to encourage enterprises to hire highly qualified specialists in the sphere of energy saving and energy efficiency is proven. The role of the tax policy in state regulation of the rational use of energy resources and stimulation of innovation in the energy sector is substantiated. The tax incentives for the rational use of energy resources applied in the world practice are grouped. Features of the application of tax incentives (accelerated depreciation, tax credits, tax holidays, and tax reduction) for energy efficiency and energy saving of households and business entities are analyzed. Directions for stimulating innovation in the energy sector for the efficient use of energy resources are offered.

scholarly journals Analysis and target priorities of system and structural transformation of the Ukrainian social sphere

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 661
Author(s):  
Marina Kalnitska ◽  
Valeriia Smochko ◽  
Radmila Pidlypna ◽  
Orystlava Sydorchuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
High Growth ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social

The study is devoted to the analysis of the transformation of the social development of Ukraine and the determination of a system of target priorities designed to ensure the effectiveness and efficiency of state social policy. The research methodology is based on World Bank tools and official statistical observations of the Ukrainian State Statistics Service, as well as the Methodology for Comprehensive Poverty Assessment and Living Wage Methodology officially adopted in Ukraine. The research results indicate a critically high growth rate of poverty, the growing dependence of citizens of Ukraine on social support from the state. An analysis of social development also indicates a high level of deprivation poverty and its destabilizing dynamics. It was revealed that the dominant drawbacks of state regulation of the social sphere are the unformed normative and methodological support for monitoring and adjusting the levels of social standards, the absence of reforms in the systems of pension provision, education and science, medicine, housing, and communal services, and regulation of employment. So, institutional regulation of the parameters of the development of the social sphere in Ukraine is insufficient and does not provide a solution to the critical problems of the demographic crisis, labour emigration, poverty alleviation, and, therefore, is not able to ensure sustainable social and economic development of the state. The strategic priorities of the system and structural transformation of the social sphere of Ukraine are the formation and establishment of the composition and structure of the elements of the social sphere system, the creation of a full-fledged social infrastructure and the institutional environment for its functioning, which will create conditions for the realization of citizens' constitutional rights to social protection.

scholarly journals The Role of Small Business in the Economy and Methods of Its Government Support Using the Example of the Republic of Latvia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Ludmila Verovska ◽  
Renate Zujeva
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Research purpose. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of small and medium enterprises in the economy, as well as to study and evaluate the effectiveness of government support methods for small business entities (SMEs) using the example of the Republic of Latvia. The subject of the research was the system of state regulation and promotion of SME development. The object of the research was the sphere of small business in the Latvian economy, including SMEs, infrastructure support and development of small business. Design/Methodology/Approach. The study used basic methods of scientific knowledge of economics: an interdisciplinary approach combining methods of systems and comparative analysis, an integrated approach, induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis, methods of organization theory and management, logical analysis, strategic management and also economic analysis of small businesses. Findings. The research resulted in a system of state regulation and promotion of SME development in Latvia developed by the author, based on an assessment of the impact of measures provided to support SMEs, taking into account the importance of the role of small business in the economy of the Republic of Latvia. Originality/Value/Practical implications. The practical significance of the work is that the study completes a number of conclusions and practical recommendations in the field of organizational measures for effective support and multilateral development of the SME sector in the economy, recognition of the role of small business as the basis of the economic stability of the Republic of Latvia and the effectiveness of its support as the main state economic policy goal.

scholarly journals Theoretical aspects of socio-economic behavior of economic entities

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Abgaldaev ◽  
Marina Dambueva ◽  
Elena Mikulchinova
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

The article attempts a theoretical understanding of the socio-economic behavior of economic entities by expanding the interaction and information exchange of economists with other representatives of social Sciences (psychologists and sociologists), which will update the definition of socio-economic policy of the state. Research methods used in this article: review of scientific publications, logic, deduction, induction, comparative analysis of socio-economic changes, descriptive method. As a result of the study of publications on the subject and own observations, it was concluded that through the study of social interactions, it is possible to expand the scientific tools for the study of economic development of economic entities. It is proved that the socio-economic behavior of economic entities is formed due to the structure of preferences and dependence on the institutional environment. The authors came to the conclusion that to study the socio-economic behavior of economic entities should carry out methodologically the study on the impact of social interactions on the behavior of individuals, systematic study of social interaction in different institutional environments and their relation to economic growth, to use a new approach to determine the relationship of economic psychology and social interactions.

scholarly journals THE MONITORING OF THE TAX BURDEN IN THE UKRAINE AND THE COUNTRIES EU

2017 ◽  
pp. 128-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduard ROMANYUTA
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Tax Burden ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Tax Systems ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Introduction. In Ukraine, which chose European integration course, there is a need for constant depth analysis of all phenomena and processes that play an important role in the development of tax systems and use taxes as an instrument of state regulation. For Ukraine it is important to consider and study in detail all the trends that are characteristic for EU countries to apply extensive experience in taxation. This will ensure the stability of the socio-economic development and to optimize the tax burden. The purpose of the article is covering the theoretical and methodological aspects of the definition of the tax burden, the analysis of the impact of the tax burden on business entities and shaping the prospects of optimize the tax burden with European experience. Results. The author attempts to evaluate the level of tax burden in Ukraine and the EU Member States in this article. The main trends, specific to the tax systems of the EU-27 and Ukraine, are investigated. Regularities of establishing the level of taxation and the ratio of different tax payments in the structure of tax systems are defined. Showing, how to optimize tax burden in fiscal Ukrainian practice in terms of European integration. Conclusion. The study showed that the tax burden is an important parameter that expresses the state guidelines for socio-economic policy. The level of tax burden in Europe is much higher than in Ukraine. The low level of GDP in our country per capita does not allow for qualitative social policy. GDP growth depends on the creation of a favorable investment climate. Reforming the tax system of Ukraine should consider Taxation of foreign countries. In particular, the use differentiated tax rate for individual tax rates Single Contribution gradual reduction and simplification of tax administration in general, and reducing the tax burden due to improvements in the distribution and redistribution of GDP

scholarly journals Development of public services in the energy field in the age of digital economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 02031
Author(s):  
Elena Voskresenskaya ◽  
Lybov Vorona-Slivinskaya ◽  
Lybov Achba
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Impact

The development of the system of electronic public services, which is one of the directions of change in the digital economy, was the subject of the study in the present article. This system helps the state to interact with the population and organizations in such issues as providing information, particularly on individual requests, organizing public (municipal) procurements, in the matter of prices and tariffs in the energy sector, in providing public services and developing the feedback system (complaints institution), etc. The authors have concluded that a modern state should ensure the coherence between its citizens or business entities and institutions or public administrations on the basis of electronic access. Correct digitization of public administration contributes to the transparency of the public sector. Russia has enough prerequisites for the development of the electronic public services system, since Russia has traditionally established and maintained a high level of people’s education, and these days, the information technology sector develops rapidly. The study identified the main features of information and communication technologies and determined the impact of these technologies on the formation of a system of socio-economic relations and the institutional environment of modern society. The authors substantiated the necessity of a new technology package in Russia that will ensure the transition from analog to digital control methods in the energy industry and support the transformation of consumer behavior models, business practices of energy supply and service companies.

scholarly journals Measures to Improve Financing of “Megascience” Class Projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
L. L. Arzumanova ◽  
A. A. Sitnik
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
Private Capital ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Budget System

The paper is devoted to researching the mechanism of financing “megasience” class projects, as well as the development of measures to improve financing of projects under consideration. It is determined that at present the main source of financing for the “megasience” class installations is the money allocated from the budgets of the budget system of the Russian Federation, primarily from the federal budget. At the same time, extrabudgetary funds are also envisaged at the normative level for the implementation of major scientific projects under consideration. However, the authors highlight that the mechanism for attracting extrabudgetary money to finance the scientific field has not been developed at present. On the contrary, the attractiveness of private capital involvement in financing scientific research is, indeed, not obvious. In this regard, the authors make proposals to provide preferential taxation to business entities involved in co-financing of the projects. In the authors’ view, this will have a positive impact on improving financing in general.

MODERN PROBLEMS OF ACCOUNTING AND ANALYTICAL ENSURING FINANCIAL RESULTS MANAGEMENT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliia Peniak ◽  
◽  
Nataliia Horokhovatska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
General Evaluation ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Results Management ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Impact

The main purpose of any enterprise in the market economy is to obtain high financial results. One of the main conditions for the effective functioning of the enterprise is ability to generate profit in the amount that will create the financial basis for further development and expansion of the enterprise, comply with social and material needs, ensure competitiveness in the market of goods and services. The need for accounting and analytical management of financial results stems from needs of owners, the state and employees in information that will enable them to identify patterns and trends in financial results, identify and assess the main factors influencing the process of their creation, distribution and usage, identify reserves and thus increase the level of profitability. Despite the significant scientific contribution in the field of research of financial results of the enterprises, the issue of improvement aims to the accounting and analytical maintenance of management of financial results of the enterprise remains actual. That is why the purpose of the study is to substantiate the theoretical and practical aspects and develop approaches to improving the mechanism of formation of accounting and analytical support for the management of financial results of the enterprise. Accounting and analytical management of financial results of the enterprise is a set of interconnected elements of production and management system, activities carried out by the subject of management, creation of a certain structure, as well as collection, accumulation, storage and analysis of information necessary for effective operation of the enterprise. The main components of the study of accounting and analytical support of financial performance management are the formation of methods of analysis, control and forecasting of financial results, which requires specification of the components of the analytical and controlled process within the organizational and information model. Namely, the formation of reliable information about the financial condition of the enterprise, the analysis of economic indicators of the enterprise is of great importance in the system of general evaluation of business entities. Their research makes it possible to assess the dynamics of the structure of income and expenses, to determine the impact of factors on the company's profit from various activities, as well as to find reserves to increase the net profit of enterprises. Thus, the improvement of accounting and analytical support of enterprise management is based on the use of modern forms, methods and principles that place new demands on the formation of unbiased, complete, timely, clear and useful accounting and analytical information about the enterprise and its financial results.

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