scholarly journals Ethnobotanical Studies of flora of Jebel Aulia district, Khartoum state with emphasis to toxicity of the common medicinal plants: دراسة تصنيفية للنباتات واستخداماتها العشبية في منطقة جبل أولياء، ولاية الخرطوم مع التركيز علي سمية النباتات الطبية المحلية

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mozdelfa Adam Babiker Ali, Haidar Abd Algadir Mohamed Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Acacia Senegal ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Informants Consensus Factor ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Senna Alexandrina

Ethnobotany is the scientific study of the relationships that exist between people and plants. Ethnobotanists aim to document, describe and explain complex relationships between cultures and plants, focusing primarily on how plants are used, managed and perceived across human societies. This includes use for food, clothing, currency, ritual, medicine, dye, construction, cosmetics. Ethnobotanical studies are often significant in revealing locally important plant species especially for the discovery of crude drugs The documentation of traditional knowledge, especially on the medicinal uses of plants. has provided many important drugs of modern day. Out of the total flowering plants reported from the world, more than 50, 000 are used for medicinal purposes ( Govaerts, 2001 ). Extensive and intensive field trips were conducted to the study area during a course of two years from 2013 to 2015 representing several sites through Jebel Aulia district, Khartoum state. The study revealed a total of 117 species belonging to 100 genera and 45 families were recorded at Jebel Aulia locality. The family Poaceae was found to be the richest (13 species) followed by Ceasalpiniaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Mimosaceae (7 species) and Asteraceae (6 species). Herbs have dominated the vegetation of the study area (62. 40%) followed with trees (15. 40%), shrubs (8. 5%). Genus Euphorbia was considered as the most speciose (4 species) pursued with Senna and Ipomea which were represented by 3 species each. Tribulus longipetalus and Cyperus alopecuroides along with their Ethnomedicinal uses were documented for the first time. Fruits were the most commonly used plant part to prepare medicine followed with leaves and seeds. The main preparation methods of herbal remedies were infusion (25%) followed with decoction (14. 3%), edible (10. 7%) and pills (10. 7%). Oral administration was the most common route of herbal remedies within traditional medicine. Urinary tracts, kidney and abdominal complaints were the most frequent ailments traditionally healed. The source of medicinal plants was wild, (41. 66%), were cultivated (33. 34%) and (25%) were commercially bought from the market. Senna alexandrina was the most cited and important plant in the study area followed with Ziziphus spina-christi, Acacia nilotica, Solenostemma argel and Cymbopogon proximus. High informants consensus factor was indicated for Medicinal, furniture and food uses. Ziziphus spina Christi, Acacia senegal, Allium sativum and Cinnamomum verum have highest use-value ranging from (0. 062 to 0. 05). Cytotoxicity was evaluated using plants with a high relative frequency of citation. The results revealed that LC50 of water and ethanolic extracts of Acacia nilotica were more than 1000 µg/ml which considered not toxic and consequently safe at this dose. Whereas, water and ethanolic extracts of Senna alexandrina were less than LC 50 =256. 206 - 409. 6079 µg/ml. which is considered moderately toxic. Therefore, Senna extracts should be carefully used.

scholarly journals The Globalization of Traditional Medicine in Northern Peru: From Shamanism to Molecules

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer W. Bussmann
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Traditional Practices ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Traditional Preparation ◽  
Northern Peru ◽  
Increasing Demand

Northern Peru represents the center of the Andean “health axis,” with roots going back to traditional practices of Cupisnique culture (1000 BC). For more than a decade of research, semistructured interviews were conducted with healers, collectors, and sellers of medicinal plants. In addition, bioassays were carried out to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of plants found. Most of the 510 species encountered were native to Peru (83%). Fifty percent of the plants used in colonial times have disappeared from the pharmacopoeia. Market vendors specialized either on common and exotic plants, plants for common ailments, and plants only used by healers or on plants with magical purposes. Over 974 preparations with up to 29 different ingredients were used to treat 164 health conditions. Almost 65% of the medicinal plants were applied in these mixtures. Antibacterial activity was confirmed in most plants used for infections. Twenty-four percent of the aqueous extracts and 76% of the ethanolic extracts showed toxicity. Traditional preparation methods take this into account when choosing the appropriate solvent for the preparation of a remedy. The increasing demand for medicinal species did not increase the cultivation of medicinal plants. Most species are wild collected, causing doubts about the sustainability of trade.

scholarly journals A survey of ethnomedicinal plants used to treat cancer by traditional medicine practitioners in Zimbabwe

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Rutendo Matowa ◽  
Mazuru Gundidza ◽  
Lovemore Gwanzura ◽  
Charles F. B. Nhachi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Primary Therapy ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Treat All

Abstract Background Traditional medicine plays an important role in health care provision in the developing world. A number of cancer patients have been found to be using traditional medicine as primary therapy and/or as complementary medicine. Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally among the non-communicable diseases. The aim of this study was to identify the plants used by traditional medicine practitioners (TMPs) in Zimbabwe to treat cancer. Methods A structured questionnaire was used to interview consenting registered TMPs on ethnomedicinal plants they use to treat cancer. A review of published literature on the cited plants was also carried out. The practitioners were asked about the plants that they use to treat cancer, the plant parts used, type of cancer treated, other medicinal uses of the plants and preparation and administration of the plant parts. Results Twenty (20) TMPs took part in the study. A total of 18 medicinal plant species were cited. The commonly treated types of cancer were breast, prostate, colon, skin and blood cancers with most plants being used to treat skin, blood and breast cancers, respectively. Of the medicinal plants cited, 44.4% were used to treat all cancer types. The most used plant parts were the roots (72.2%) and leaves (72.2%) followed by the bark (38.9%). The medicinal plants were used for multiple ailments. The most common plant preparation methods were infusion (72.2%) and decoction (66.7%) and the oral route of administration, as extracts and powder put in tea and porridge, was the most used. Conclusion The frequently used plant parts were leaves and roots. The traditional uses of the medicinal plants cited in this study resonate well with their reported uses from other ethnopharmacological studies done in other parts of the world. The plants used by TMPs to treat cancer in Zimbabwe, if adequately explored, can be instrumental in the discovery and development of cancer drugs.

scholarly journals Phytomedicinal Knowledge and “Official” Sources in Tatev (Armenia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Hovsepyan ◽  
Nina Stepanyan-Gandilyan ◽  
Christian Stollberg
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Printed Books ◽  
Traditional Ethnobotanical Knowledge ◽  
Official Sources

Ethnographic investigations in the villages of the Tatev community in southern Armenia reveal the positive attitude of the local community toward “official” sources (e.g., printed books, administrative officials, and people of higher education) on herbal medicine and the belittling of their own traditional ethnobotanical knowledge. Although this may be a global phenomenon, we observe and discuss particular reasons specific to the post-Soviet context as conditioned by politics and propaganda. Nowadays, the local population gather and use a minimum of forty wild plants (ethnotaxa) mostly for nutritional, medicinal, and aromatic (tea and flavoring) purposes. Biological species of the traditionally used medicinal plants of the Tatev community were identified, and preparation methods and purposes of the herbal remedies were recorded. The most frequently and traditionally used medicinal plants of the Tatev community belong to these genera: Mentha, Thymus, Ziziphora, Hypericum, Knautia, Arctium, Plantago, Tanacetum, Rosa, and Sambucus.

An Ethnomedicinal Survey of Indigenous Knowledge on Medicinal Plants in the Traditional Authority Chikowi in Zomba, Malawi

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Chikowe ◽  
Moira Mnyenyembe ◽  
Stuart Jere ◽  
Andrew G. Mtewa ◽  
John Mponda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Medicinal Plant Species ◽  
Traditional Authority ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Traditional Practitioners

Introduction: Medicinal plants and ethnomedicinal studies continue playing a significant role in herbal products development and traditional knowledge conservation. Calls for ethnomedicinal studies have increased recently to unleash the potential in medicinal plants and document verbal traditional knowledge. This study recorded the medicinal plants administered by traditional practitioners in the Traditional Authority Chikowi area of Zomba district in Malawi. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted for 2 weeks in September 2017. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to traditional medicine practitioners using snowball sampling in the company of botany personnel from the National Herbarium and Botanical Gardens (NHBG). Data collected included plant local names, medicinal uses, parts used, preparation methods and administration methods to clients. Some species were photographed and identified in the field by the NHBG officers. Results: Five traditional practitioners were interviewed. Fifty-nine medicinal plant species belonging to 38 families were used as prophylaxis and treatment for 27 communicable and non-communicable diseases/conditions. Fabaceae family (papilionoideae 11.9%, mimosoideae 5.1%, caesalpinioideae 1.7%) had the largest percentage of species (18.6%). Preparation methods ranged from infusion (38.0%) to cream (2.0%). Of these, 86.0%, 12.0% and 2.0% were administered orally, topically and rectally respectively. Roots were the most used part (60.8%) while the least used was flowers (1.3%). Nearly two-thirds were trees or shrubs (32.2% each). Conclusion: The area has a rich biodiversity of medicinal plant species and knowledge scientists can use as a baseline for identification of plant species, bioactive compounds and preparations with useful medicinal properties.

scholarly journals Herbal Remedies Used to Treat Skin Disorders in Arasankulam Region of Thoothukudi District in Tamil Nadu, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
A Sundari ◽  
R Jayakumararaj
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Dominant Mode ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
The People ◽  
Small Pox

As lacking in attention given to the ethnomedicinal plants to be used for the treatment of skin diseases in many areas, an ethnomedicinal study was carried out to enumerate the traditional uses followed to treat skin diseases among the people living in Arasankulam and Kottarakurichi villages located in Thoothukudi district of Tamil Nadu. The medicinal uses of 24 species belonging to 20 families were reported from the study area. Euphorbiaceae was noted as largest families comprising of 3 species each. Herbs (50.0%) were found more in number than other life forms of plants. Leaves (50.0%) were the mostly used plant part to prepare the medicine and paste (61.54%) was the dominant mode to treat the skin ailments. By this research work, it was also noted that a total of 6 plants were used to heal wound, 4 plants for the treatment of cut, 3 plants each to cure boil and eczema, 2 plants to treat heel crack and 1 plant each for abrasion, chicken pox, dandruff, itch, leprosy, lip crack, scabies, skin allergy, small pox and tumor. Further studies on phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of these plants will contribute new dimensions to these medicinal plants. Keywords: Medicinal plants, Skin diseases, Arasankulam region, Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu.

ETHNOVETERINARY MEDICINAL USES OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS ON PNEUMONIA BY THE GUJJAR AND PAHARI TRIBES OF POONCH DISTRICT OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMIL AHMED KHAN ◽  
RAJINDER PAUL
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Modern Health Care ◽  
Care Facilities

Poonch district of Jammu and Kashmir is a reservoir of enormous natural resources including the wealth of medicinal plants. The present paper deals with 12 medicinal plant species belonging to 8 genera of angiosperms used on pneumonia in cattle such as cows, sheep, goats and buffaloes in different areas of Poonch district. Due to poverty and nonavailability of modern health care facilities, the indigenous people of the area partially or fully depend on surrounding medicinal plants to cure the different ailments of their cattles. Further research on modern scientific line is necessary to improve their efficacy, safety and validation of the traditional knowledge.

An Evidence-Based Review of Antitussive Herbs Containing Essential Oils in Traditional Persian Medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayda Hosseinkhani ◽  
Bijan Ziaeian ◽  
Kamran Hessami ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Zarshenas ◽  
Ali Kashkooe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Persian Medicine ◽  
Troublesome Symptom ◽  
Traditional Persian Medicine

Background: Cough is one of the most common medical symptoms for which medical advice is sought. Although cough is a protective reflex responsible for clearing the airways from secretions and foreign bodies, it can be a troublesome symptom that causes discomfort to patients. Due to the increasing interest in herbal remedies in the both developed and developing countries, in the current study, we aimed to overview medicinal herbs containing essential oils used as antitussive agents according to the Traditional Persian Medicine [TPM] textbooks. We summarized the relevant scientific evidence on their possible pharmacological actions. Methods: To collect the evidence for treatment of cough or “seaal” [cough in ancient books] from TPM sources, five main medicinal Persian manuscripts were studied. The antitussive herbs were listed and their scientific names were identified and authenticated in accordance with botanical reference books. ScienceDirect and PubMed online databases were searched for related mechanisms of action of the reported medicinal plants. Results: The number of 49 herbs containing essential oils were recommended in TPM for the treatment of cough; 21 of them had at least one known mechanism of action for cough suppression in the scientific literature. According to this review, most of the cited medicinal plants were assessed for either nitric oxide inhibitory or antitussive/expectorant activities. Conclusion: In addition to advantageous effects of antitussive herbs noted by TPM, the present review highlighted some recent evidence-based data on these promising candidates that could be used as an outline for future research on their medicinal use.

High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) for the Investigation of Medicinal Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Gökbulut
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Powerful Analytical Tool ◽  
Quantitative Examination ◽  
Data Acquisition And Processing ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Background: Chromatographic techniques such as TLC basically and, HPLC, GC, HPTLC equipped with various detectors are most frequently used for the qualitative and quantitative examination of herbals. Method: An overview of the recent literature concerning the usage of HPTLC for the analysis of medicinal plants has been reviewed. Results: During the last decade/s, HPTLC, a modern, sophisticated and automatized TLC technique with better and advanced separation efficiency, detection limit, data acquisition and processing, has been used for the analysis of herbal materials and preparations since the rapid development of technology in chromatography world. HPTLC with various detectors is a powerful analytical tool especially for the phytochemical applications such as herbal drug quantification and fingerprint analysis. Conclusion: In this review, a latest perspective has been established and some of the previous studies were summarized for the usage of HPTLC in the analysis of herbal remedies, dietary supplements and nutraceuticals.

scholarly journals In vitro activities of Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile bark fractions against Oral Bacteria, Glucosyltransferase and as antioxidant

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Mahmoud Muddathir ◽  
Ebtihal Abdalla M. Mohieldin ◽  
Tohru Mitsunaga
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background Dental caries and periodontal disease are the most common chronic infectious oral diseases in the world. Acacia nilotica was commonly known in Sudan as Garad or Sunt has a wide range of medicinal uses. In the present study, antibacterial activity of oral bacteria (Streptococcus sobrinus and Porphyromonas gingivalis), inhibitory activity against glucosyltransferase (GTF) enzyme and antioxidant activity were assayed for methanolic crude extract of A. nilotica bark and its fractions. Methods Methanoilc crude extract of A. nilotica bark was applied to a Sephadex LH-20 column and eluted with methanol, aqueous methanol, and finally aqueous acetone to obtain four fractions (Fr1- Fr4). Furthermore, the crude extract and fractions were subjected to analytical high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The crude extract and its fractions were assayed for antibacterial activity against S. sobrinus and P. gingivalis using a microplate dilution assay method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), as well as GTF inhibition and antioxidant activity using ABTS radical scavenging method. Results Fractions (Fr1 and Fr2) exhibited MIC values of 0.3 mg/ml against the P. gingivalis. Additionally, Fr2 displayed MBC value of 1 mg/ml against two types of bacteria. Fr4 showed an especially potent GTF inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 3.9 μg/ml. Fr1 displayed the best antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 1.8 μg/ml. The main compound in Fr1 was identified as gallic acid, and Fr2 was mostly a mixture of gallic acid and methyl gallate. Conclusions The results obtained in this study provide some scientific rationale and justify the use of this plant for the treatment of dental diseases in traditional medicine. A. nilotica bark, besides their antibacterial potentiality and GTF inhibitory activity, it may be used as adjuvant antioxidants in mouthwashes. Further studies in the future are required to identify the rest of the active compounds.

scholarly journals Cumulative Cytotoxicity Assay of the Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of the Selected Medicinal Plants using Crown Gall Tumor Disc Bioassay

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Waghulde ◽  
Tushar Baviskar ◽  
Praful Patil ◽  
Shweta Singh ◽  
Nilesh Gorde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Crown Gall ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assay ◽  
Crown Gall Tumor ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document