scholarly journals Muscular Adverse Events Associated with Statins

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. RV5-RV7
Author(s):  
Reena Royal ◽  
Nuwan Jayawardene
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Creatine Phosphokinase ◽  
Safety Information ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Important Group ◽  
Metabolic Myopathies ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Intense Physical Activity

Statins are an important group of lipid lowering medications that have helped to control cardiovascular mortality globally. Muscular side effects, mostly myalgia, is a known adverse event of statins. Intense physical activity, kidney or liver failure, hypothyroidism, inherited or metabolic myopathies, and some medications, are risk factors for statin-induced myalgia. Muscular adverse events are more often observed with higher doses or with the use of lipophilic statins. Much is not known about the precise mechanisms responsible for the statin related muscular adverse effects, a few hypothesis have been suggested. It is important to measure plasma creatine phosphokinase in subjects who encounter myalgia while being treated with statins. In this review we present some general safety information on muscular adverse events caused due to statins.

Abstract P172: Prevalence and Predictors of CRP Elevation in a Secondary Prevention Sample With Well-Controlled Traditional Lipid Values

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Ward ◽  
David R Nelson ◽  
Patrick McCollam ◽  
Khaled Sarsour ◽  
Joseph A Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Optimal Control ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Background The Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration and JUPITER trial suggest elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) has an association with cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes in primary prevention populations. Less is known about CRP elevation frequency in subjects with known cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly those with well-controlled traditional lipids (LDL, HDL, triglycerides). Our study objective was to quantify prevalence of and examine predictors of CRP elevation in a nationally representative secondary prevention sample meeting NCEP lipid targets. Methods: We identified adults (≥18) with self-reported CVD, complete fasting lipid profile and CRP data from NHANES 2005-06 (n=228). Those with “optimal” control of lipids (NCEP: LDL <100 mg/dL, HDL >40/50 mg/dL for men/women, triglycerides <150 mg/dL) were included (n=61, 26.8%). Logistic regression models utilizing strata and weighting information were used to examine association between multiple subject characteristics and elevated CRP (>2.0 mg/L), with and without adjustment for age, gender, race/ethnicity. Results: Of 61 secondary prevention subjects with well-controlled traditional lipids, 73.3% had elevated CRP, and 62.8% reported current use of lipid lowering medications. Subjects with elevated CRP were older (mean age 66.3 vs. 58.7), and more were of non-Hispanic white race/ethnicity (81.3% vs. 67.0%). Adjusting for demographics, subjects with elevated CRP were more likely to have smoking history (65.5% vs. 38.5%, OR [95% CI] 4.64 [1.70-12.73]) but not current smokers (16.4% vs. 20.4%), less likely to report recent moderate physical activity (48.2% vs. 92.2%, OR [95% CI] 0.08 [0.02-0.33]), and more likely to be obese (BMI≥30 kg/m 2 ) (62.7% vs. 4.8%, OR [95% CI] 320.6 [48.2->999]). Neither diabetes nor current anti-dyslipidemic treatment were significantly associated with elevated CRP. Conclusion: CRP elevation is very common in subjects with known CVD, even with optimal control of traditional lipids and despite anti-dyslipidemic treatment. Subjects with smoking history, less physical activity, and obesity appear to be at greatest risk. Correlation with outcomes through longitudinal analysis is needed to establish clinical significance of the findings.

scholarly journals Vertebral Bone Marrow Fat Is independently Associated to VAT but Not to SAT: KORA FF4—Whole-Body MR Imaging in a Population-Based Cohort

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dunja Hasic ◽  
Roberto Lorbeer ◽  
Robert C. Bertheau ◽  
Jürgen Machann ◽  
Susanne Rospleszcz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Whole Body

The objective of the current study was to assess the relationship of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) content to abdominal fat depots, including visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), as well as cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) beyond physical activity in a population-based cohort study undergoing whole-body magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Subjects of the Cooperative Health Research in the Augsburg Region (KORA) FF4 study without known cardiovascular disease underwent fat fraction quantification in vertebrae (BMATL1/L2) via a 2-point T1-weighted volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) Dixon sequence. The same MR sequence was applied to quantify VAT and SAT volume. Subjects’ characteristics, including physical activity, were determined through standardized exams and self-assessment questionnaires. Univariate and multivariate linear regression were applied. In the cohort of 378 subjects (56 ± 9.1years; 42.1% female), BMATL1/L2 was 54.3 ± 10.1%, VAT was 4.54 ± 2.71 L, and SAT was 8.10 ± 3.68 L. VAT differed significantly across BMATL1/L2 tertiles (3.60 ± 2.76 vs. 4.92 ± 2.66 vs. 5.11 ± 2.48; p < 0.001), there was no significant differences for SAT (p = 0.39). In the fully adjusted model, VAT remained positively associated with BMATL1/L2 (β = 0.53, p = 0.03). Furthermore, BMATL1/L2 was associated with age (β = 5.40 per 10-years, p < 0.001), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c; β = 1.55 per 1%, p = 0.04), lipids (β = 0.20 per 10 mg/dL triglycerides; β = 0.40 per 10 mg/dL low-density lipoprotein (LDL); β =−3.21 lipid-lowering medication; all p < 0.05), and less physical activity (β = 3.7 “no or nearly no exercise” as compared to “≥2 h per week, regularly”, p = 0.003); gender was not significantly different (p = 0.57). In the population-based cohort, VAT but not SAT were associated with higher BMATL1/L2 independently of physical activity and other cardiovascular risk factors. Further, BMATL1/L2 increased with older age, less physical activity, higher HbA1c, and increased lipids but decreased with lipid-lowering medication.

scholarly journals Prevention continuum: an assessment of cardiovascular disease prevention based on the data from a survey of doctors

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 3090
Author(s):  
O. M. Drapkina ◽  
R. N. Shepel ◽  
L. Yu. Drozdova ◽  
D. O. Orlov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Prevention ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Medical Specialists ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity

Aim. To assess the awareness and engagement of health professionals in Russia in the main aspects of cardiovascular disease prevention.Material and methods. In order to assess engagement and awareness, an online survey of Russian primary health care providers was conducted in March 2021. The survey was conducted using original questionnaire, which includes the main questions aimed at early identification of patients with modifiable cardiovascular risk factors.Results. In case of newly diagnosed hypercholesterolemia and elevated blood pressure during screening, 91,8% (n=458) of the surveyed medical specialists record the results and immediately consult the patient on these issues. Similar responses was obtained by 93% (n=464) of doctors for patients with previously prescribed antihypertensive and/or lipid-lowering therapy. In addition, 46,5% (n=232) responded that during screening, 10-30% of patients had newly diagnosed hypertension and/or total cholesterol >5 mmol/L. A total of 28,9% (n=144) of respondents noted that 30-50% of patients with newly diagnosed hypertension and/or total cholesterol >5 mmol/L are detected at screening. It is noteworthy that 41,9% (n=209) of physicians devote 1 to 5 minutes to a patient, describing the changes in lifestyle, diet and physical activity. For 35,1% (n=175) of the respondents, this takes from 5 to 10 minutes, 22% (n=110) — >10 minutes, while ~5 respondents refer patients to another specialist for this purpose.Conclusion. The survey showed a high awareness of medical specialists in the need to monitor and modify risk factors. However, ~40% of surveyed doctors do not devote enough time to explaining issues of modifying lifestyle, diet and physical activity.

scholarly journals Treatment target achievement after myocardial infarction: cardiovascular risk factors, medication use and lifestyle in Norwegian women and men

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Hopstock ◽  
B Morseth ◽  
S Cook ◽  
AE Eggen ◽  
S Grimgsgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Treatment Target

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Although the use of guidelines in clinical practice is emphasised, large multi-center studies of patients with cardiovascular disease have shown secondary prevention to be suboptimal, which increase the risk of recurrent events. Purpose To examine ESC guideline treatment target achievement after myocardial infarction for cardiovascular risk factors, medication use and a broad range of lifestyle factors in women and men from a Norwegian general population. Methods In a population-based study conducted 2015-2016 (65% attendance), 637 participants 40-95 years (23% women, 70% ≥65 years) had validated myocardial infarction. Cross-sectionally, we investigated target achievement for blood pressure (&lt;140/90 mmHg, &lt;130/80 mmHg if diabetes), LDL cholesterol (&lt;1.8 mmol/L), HbA1c (&lt;7.0% if diabetes), weight (body mass index (BMI) &lt;25 kg/m2, waist circumference (women &lt;80 cm, men &lt;94 cm)), smoking (non-smoking), physical activity (self-reported &gt;sedentary, accelerometer-measured moderate-to-vigorous ≥150 min/week), diet (intake of fruits ≥200 g/day, vegetables ≥200 g/day, fish ≥200 g/week, saturated fat &lt;10E%, fiber ≥30g/day,  and alcohol (women ≤10 g/day, men ≤20 g/day)), and medication use (antihypertensives, lipid-lowering drugs, antithrombotics, antidiabetics) using regression models. Results Proportion of target achievement was for blood pressure 55.8%, LDL cholesterol 9.3%, HbA1c 42.7%, BMI 19.5%, waist circumference 15.6%, non-smoking 86.2%, self-reported physical activity 79.5%, objectively measured physical activity 9.1%, intake of fruits 66.7%, vegetables 38.4%, fish 96.8%, saturated fat 25.4%, fiber 29.5%, and alcohol 78.5%, use of antidiabetics 84.3%, lipid-lowering drugs 86.8%, antihypertensives 78.5% and antithrombotics 77.9%. In total, 0.8% achieved all cardiovascular risk factor targets (blood pressure, LDL cholesterol, BMI and waist circumference combined). Compared to men, a lower proportion of women achieved the target for waist circumference (6.9% vs 18.1%, p = 0.002). Compared to participants 65 years or older, a higher proportion of those 40-64 years achieved the target for blood pressure (71.2% vs 49.0%, p &lt; 0.001), and a lower proportion achieved the target for BMI (15.3 vs 21.4, p = 0.007). Conclusion Secondary prevention after myocardial infarction was suboptimal in both women and men. A negligible proportion achieved the treatment target for all risk factors. Improvement in follow-up care after myocardial infarction is needed.

Haematocrit: Relationships with Blood Lipids, Blood Pressure and other Cardiovascular Risk Factors

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (01) ◽  
pp. 058-064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goya Wannamethee ◽  
A Gerald Shaper
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryThe relationship between haematocrit and cardiovascular risk factors, particularly blood pressure and blood lipids, has been examined in detail in a large prospective study of 7735 middle-aged men drawn from general practices in 24 British towns. The analyses are restricted to the 5494 men free of any evidence of ischaemic heart disease at screening.Smoking, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol intake and lung function (FEV1) were factors strongly associated with haematocrit levels independent of each other. Age showed a significant but small independent association with haematocrit. Non-manual workers had slightly higher haematocrit levels than manual workers; this difference increased considerably and became significant after adjustment for the other risk factors. Diabetics showed significantly lower levels of haematocrit than non-diabetics. In the univariate analysis, haematocrit was significantly associated with total serum protein (r = 0*18), cholesterol (r = 0.16), triglyceride (r = 0.15), diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.17) and heart rate (r = 0.14); all at p <0.0001. A weaker but significant association was seen with systolic blood pressure (r = 0.09, p <0.001). These relationships remained significant even after adjustment for age, smoking, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol intake, lung function, presence of diabetes, social class and for each of the other biological variables; the relationship with systolic blood pressure was considerably weakened. No association was seen with blood glucose and HDL-cholesterol. This study has shown significant associations between several lifestyle characteristics and the haematocrit and supports the findings of a significant relationship between the haematocrit and blood lipids and blood pressure. It emphasises the role of the haematocrit in assessing the risk of ischaemic heart disease and stroke in individuals, and the need to take haematocrit levels into account in determining the importance of other cardiovascular risk factors.

Stroke in chronic renal failure

2008 ◽  
Vol 149 (15) ◽  
pp. 691-696
Author(s):  
Dániel Bereczki
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Chronic Renal Disease ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhages

Chronic kidney diseases and cardiovascular diseases have several common risk factors like hypertension and diabetes. In chronic renal disease stroke risk is several times higher than in the average population. The combination of classical risk factors and those characteristic of chronic kidney disease might explain this increased risk. Among acute cerebrovascular diseases intracerebral hemorrhages are more frequent than in those with normal kidney function. The outcome of stroke is worse in chronic kidney disease. The treatment of stroke (thrombolysis, antiplatelet and anticoagulant treatment, statins, etc.) is an area of clinical research in this patient group. There are no reliable data on the application of thrombolysis in acute stroke in patients with chronic renal disease. Aspirin might be administered. Carefulness, individual considerations and lower doses might be appropriate when using other treatments. The condition of the kidney as well as other associated diseases should be considered during administration of antihypertensive and lipid lowering medications.

Statin-induced adverse effects – facts and genes

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Mariann Harangi ◽  
Noémi Zsíros ◽  
Lilla Juhász ◽  
György Paragh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Statin Therapy ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Single Nucleotide

Statin therapy is considered to be safe and rarely associated with serious adverse events. However, a significant proportion of patients on statin therapy show some degree of intolerance which can lead to decreased adherence to statin therapy. The authors summarize the symptoms, signs and frequencies of the most common statin-induced adverse effects and their most important risk factors including some single nucleotide polymorphisms and gene mutations. Also, they review the available approaches to detect and manage the statin-intolerant patients. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 83–92.

Hygienic characteristics of the cosmetologists' lifestyle

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 958-963
Author(s):  
Natalia I. Latyshevskaya ◽  
Tatyana L. Yatsyshena ◽  
Elena L. Shestopalova ◽  
Irina Yu. Krainova
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Modern trends in the deterioration of health and the growth of non-communicable diseases among the adult working-age population, including medical workers, actualize the importance of a healthy lifestyle for maintaining health and professional longevity. There were almost no studies related to cosmetologists' experienced group as representatives of aesthetic medicine. There is no scientific evidence on behavioral risks of this group. It justifies the relevance of this study. The study aims to analyze the essential components of the cosmetologists' lifestyle depending on age and the argumentation of priority behavioral health risk factors for preventive and recreational work justification. Sixty women (practicing cosmetologists in Volgograd at the age of 28-39 years (group A) and 40-53 (group B)) took part in the study. Lifestyle assessment included a modified questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of 5 blocks (block 1 - nutrition; 2 - physical activity, including hardening and active rest; 3 - daily regimen; 4 - personal hygiene; 5 - bad habits). It allows the analysis of the adherence to a healthy lifestyle based on the provision of quantitative data. Statistical data processing was carried out using the Excel package. The authors identified the essential and statistically significant differences in the cosmetologists' lifestyle depending on age. The respondents of group B demonstrated hygienically rational indicators in all blocks of the lifestyle more often. They had a more formed adherence to a healthy lifestyle: 504 answers in the category "insignificant risk" of respondents in group B versus 354 in group A. Distribution of answers in the "high risk" category: 119 responses in group B and 185 in group A. The lifestyle of 46.7% of the respondents in group B refers to a healthy lifestyle. 3.3% of the group B respondents have an anxious lifestyle, 50% have health risks. 10% of Group A respondents' lifestyle refers to a healthy lifestyle. 13.3% of Group A respondents' lifestyle refers to an anxious lifestyle; 76.7% of this group have health risks. There was almost no complex hygienic research profession of medical cosmetologists. Cosmetologists of the older age group (40-53 years old) are more conscious of maintaining a hygienically rational lifestyle. The most significant defects among cosmetologists aged 28-39 years are low physical activity, nutritional defects, insufficient duration of night rest, and excessive use of information and communication technologies for rest, accompanied by manifestations of neurotization and signs of pronounced fatigue. The obtained results argue the need to develop and implement informational and educational measures to prevent risk behavior patterns, taking into account the age of cosmetologists and the priority of the identified behavioral risk factors.

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