scholarly journals Recommending form of anticancer drugs in oncology unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1201-1207
Author(s):  
Pandiamunian Jayabal ◽  
Nithiya Dhanasekaran ◽  
Shanmugasundaram S
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Dose Intensity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
The World ◽  
Oncology Unit

Cancer has become a chief ailment and danger to the global society. It is one of the foremost reasons for demise in the world. A survey by the World Health Organization (WHO) indicates that 8.2 million people died from cancer in 2012 and it may rise to 19 million by 2025. Drug interactions connected through anticancer drugs are a global concern and should not be ignored. Nausea, vomiting or some other mild response to extreme myelosuppression may vary from adverse drug reactions. Analysis of prescription trend is a possible method in ascertaining the position of drugs in culture and it has to be taken out at every hospital regularly. The research is developed to examine the prescription pattern of anticancer drugs in the clinical oncology unit of a tertiary care centre in India. The patient's demographic data, medication name, type, dose, intensity and duration etc., have been analyzed in each prescription  Commonly utilized anticancer narcotics and different forms of cancer were identified and the national essential drug list percentage of the medicines used was analysed. The current study intended to assess the tendencies and pattern of prescribing anticancer drugs. The prescribing practises were apposite and were in agreement with WHO strategies. The present study seemed to sustenance best proposing performs in order to endorse cost effective treatment and improved health care delivery.

scholarly journals Sexual behaviour and practices among adolescents and young people: study and results from a tertiary care centre of north India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2937
Author(s):  
Neni Agarwal ◽  
Balvinder Kaur Brar ◽  
Sumir Kumar ◽  
Onkar Singh Rajoa ◽  
Anahita Chahal
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
North India ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
The World

Background: Adolescence and young age is a time of opportunity and risk. During this time, attitudes, values and behaviours that forms a young person's future begin to develop and take shape. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 70% of health related issues in adults are largely due to behaviours initiated during adolescence. Age of sexual debut is generally low, yet there is dearth of knowledge on sexuality.Methods: This prospective study was conducted on adolescents and young people visiting the dermatology out patient department of a tertiary care centre in north India over 6 months duration with the help of a self administered questionnaire regarding sexual health and practices followed by imparting knowledge regarding safe sexual practices by the author.Results: Sexual debut is usually with an elder as noted in the study. Youngsters engage in unhealthy sexual behaviours, characterized by early age at sexual initiation, unsafe sex and multiple sex partners, Reasons given for this include curiosity, peer influence, pleasure and financial benefit, amongst others.Conclusions: Similar patterns of sexual behavior have been seen in all parts of the world, the findings being similar in developed as well as developing nations. Despite the ongoing programs and initiatives taken by the Indian government, this article points to the need of increasing sexual awareness by incorporating sexual education as a part of the early education curriculum, by helping and including parents to overcome the social and cultural barrier between them and their children. Encouraging contraceptive use and hence improving adolescent and young people’s reproductive and sexual health in the country. 

scholarly journals Drug Utilization and Cost Analysis Review of Anticancer Drugs Used in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in South India

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 73s-73s
Author(s):  
S.K. Babasahib ◽  
S. Maria ◽  
S. Chillakunnel Hussain Rawther
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Palliative Therapy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
Cost Distribution

Background: Cancer is ranked high among noncommunicable diseases and millions of people in India receive treatment of cancer every year. Aim: The current study aims to evaluate the trends and pattern of prescribing of anticancer drugs. The objectives of the study were to assess the rational use of anticancer drugs, to identify various types of cancer and to analyze the cost distribution of anticancer drugs. Methods: An observational, prospective study was conducted in 200 prescriptions in oncology department. Data were collected from case reports, prescriptions and medication charts in specially designed forms. Results: Out of 200 patients enrolled, majority were female (59.5%) and in the age group of 40-60 years (52%). Gastrointestinal tract cancers (25%) were most commonly observed, followed by breast cancer (18.5%) and genitourinary cancers (16.5%). Cisplatin (35%) was the most commonly prescribed anticancer drug, followed by paclitaxel (18.5%), carboplatin (14%), 5-fluorouracil (12.5%) and oxaliplatin (7.5%). Ranitidine, dexamethasone and ondansetron were used as palliative therapy either to prevent or manage the adverse reactions of the anticancer drugs. Trastuzumab contribute to the major cost (Rs. 450,000) in the drug therapy. The average cost of drug per prescription was Rs. 11,135. The overall prescribing indicators, point that the average number of total drugs, anticancer drugs and antibiotics were 12.22, 1.73 and 0.43 respectively. Conclusion: The usage of drugs was found to be rational and about 99.38% of the drugs used were from the hospital formulary. The prescribing habits are appropriate and are in accordance with WHO guidelines. The current study may support best prescribing practices to promote cost effective treatment and better health care delivery.

Fetomaternal Outcome of Pregnancy with COVID-19: An Observational Study in Tertiary Care Hospitals of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1903-1906
Author(s):  
Nabila Khan ◽  
Zahra Wasim ◽  
Aesha Sadaf Rizwan ◽  
Afshan Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The World

Background: The new corona virus first appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and has since spread around the world to other countries. The World Health Organization believes that this new CoV-19 epidemic is a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) on January 30, 2020Worldwide.The mortality rate of this viral infection ranges from 2% in Pakistan to 14.4% in Italy. Lympopenia, elevated transminase, proteinuria, increased LDH, and C-reactive protein levels are all common laboratory findings in the early stages of the disease. Covid patients have experienced a variety of complications, including extreme pneumonia, ARDS, heart defects, sepsis and septic shock, and respiratory tract super infection. Methodology: This retrospective observational research study was carried out at the Gynecology Unit of MardanMedical Complex, Mardan and Combined Military Hospital, Risalpur for 06 months duration from April 2020 to September 2020. In a pre-constructed data collection form, biochemical and radiological parameters of medical history, test results, symptoms, pregnancy, and neonatal outcomes were noted. Patients treated in an outpatient setting were not included in the study. Results: There were 121 patients in total, with mean age of 27 having standard deviation ± 5, having range 19-40 years. 48.3% pregnant women reported their first pregnancy(primigravida). 51.3% of SARS-Cov-2 were in their 3rd trimester while 34.7% were in their 35-40 weeks of gestational age. Common complications are gestational hypertension (PIH) (16 cases), hypothyroidism (14 cases) and gestational diabetes (GDM) 9 cases. More than half (53%) of patients are asymptomatic. Common symptoms are cough (22%) and fever (11%). The incidence of multiple organ failure was 2% as shown in table 01. Lymphopenia was common (84%). A CT scan of 24 patients showed bilateral invasion. Conclusion: COVID-19 has a negative impact on the foetus, according to our results. Although pregnant women do not seem to be more vulnerable to COVID-19 complications than non-pregnant adults, previous research has suggested that pregnant women could be at higher risk for negative pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth, foetal pain and respiration, symptoms, and LBW in a newborn baby. Keywords: Corona virus, COVID-19, Pregnancy, Outcome.

scholarly journals A pilot study comparing pattern of damage sustained among instruments from different surgical units in a tertiary care centre in Nepal – reappraising the role of instrument reprocessing in retaining their value

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Sunil Munakomi ◽  
Roshan Shah ◽  
Sangam Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Surgical Equipment ◽  
Surgical Units ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
Health Organization

Background: The quality of instruments plays a pivotal role in governing safe operating room culture. The reprocessing system followed in the institution determines their durability thereby ensuring patient safety as well as minimizing health spending. Rigorous reprocessing in a centralized instrument reprocessing department by well trained staff following formulated guidelines helps to achieve the target of “safe surgery saves lives” as formulated by the World Health Organization. Methods: We sought to determine the patterns of wear and tear sustained among sets of surgical equipment from two surgical units that had been sent to the repair department within a year of their purchase. Analysis of similar changes in the joints of the instrument, as well as pattern of fractures sustained was performed. Results: All patterns of wear and tear were common in both the general surgical arm and neurosurgical counterpart, with the exception of fractures and mal-alignments. Similar study was performed examining changes in the joints. Stains were the most commonly observed change pattern in both sets of instruments. Fractures were most frequent in the working ends in both sets of instruments. Conclusion: There is an alarming incidence of wear and tear patterns in the instruments used in the surgical units, even within the first year of their use. This supports the strict implementation of reprocessing guidelines by well trained workers and their quality assessments via audit checks. The quality of the purchased instruments also plays a pivotal role.

Study of Absolute Lymphocyte Count as a Marker of COVID 19 Disease Severity in Tertiary Care Centre, Suryapet

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (23) ◽  
pp. 1960-1965
Author(s):  
Bellala Venkata Anuradha Devi ◽  
Cigiri Saritha ◽  
Ravuri Swarupa ◽  
Jeshtadi Anunayi
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Absolute Lymphocyte Count ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Leucocyte Count ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Absolute Lymphocyte Counts

BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID - 19) as a global public health pandemic. Clinical and laboratory biomarkers to predict the severity of corona virus 2019 are essential in this pandemic. Lymphocyte count has been a marker of interest in order to investigate the association of lymphocyte count and severity of COVID-19. We would like to analyse the relationship between absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) & COVID-19 disease severity. METHODS We performed a retrospective study on patients admitted to Government general hospital, Suryapet for COVID-19 illness from September 1st 2020 to September 16th 2020. Age, gender and complete blood count of patients admitted in the hospital was collected. Haemoglobin, total leucocyte count (TLC), absolute neutrophilic count (ANC), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and platelet counts were compared between ICU and Non-ICU groups and comparison of absolute lymphocyte counts in each group - ICU alive, ICU death and non-ICU groups was carried out. RESULTS 134 patients who were admitted in the hospital were analysed. Mean age and gender were compared between ICU and Non-ICU groups. We compared ALC between ICU alive, ICU death and non-ICU groups. Mean ALC in ICU death group was 0.81, in ICU alive group 1.04 and in non-ICU as 1.75. We found that patients with disease severity have lower absolute lymphocyte counts. In addition to this we also found that there was neutrophilia and lower haemoglobin levels in ICU patients. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that lymphopenia, defined as absolute lymphocyte count less than 1.1 x 109 /L may be useful in predicting the severity of COVID-19 illness. KEYWORDS COVID-19, Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC), Lymphopenia, SARS COV2

scholarly journals Assessment of utilization of anticancer drugs in cancer centre at tertiary care hospitals in Telangana region

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1562-1570
Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar T ◽  
Nadeem Ahmed ◽  
Sravan Kumar B ◽  
Chinna Eswaraiah M
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Rational Drug ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
Life Threatening

Cancer is a life-threatening disease and is a major economic burden to families in India. Assessment of the utilization of anticancerdrugs promotes rational in using drugs.The main objective of the study was to identify theprevalence of various types of cancers, analyzing the prescribing patterns of anticancer drugs in cancer centers atthe tertiary care government hospital of Telangana. It was aProspective and observational study carried out in hospitals ofTelangana for a period of six months, which includes 300 patients. All the patients with respective to age, sex, diagnosis, and treatment, who were on anticancer prescription and were willing to give consent, were included in the study.Among 300 patients selected in our study, 111 (37 %) were males, and 189 (63 %) were female patients.170 (56.66 %) cancer cases were evident between 71 to 80 years of age. Hypertension is the major comorbidity observed in 68 cancer patients.54 drugs were prescribed for different cancers patients in our study.  The most commonly used class of anticancer agents wastyrosine kinase inhibitors (10drugs), monoclonal antibodies (10 drugs). 33 female patients were suffering from breast cancer, and Lungs cancer was found in 44 patients. Carboplatin was given to 30 (10%) patients, followed by Chlorambucil to 27 patients (9%).Assessment of utilization of Anticancer Drugs promotes education to a physician for rational drug use and can give better health care and also cost-effective treatment.

scholarly journals PERAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PENCEGAHAN STUNTING DI KECAMATAN BUNAKEN KOTA MANADO PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Jean Fanny Junita Timban ◽  
Ellen Grace Tangkere ◽  
Jelly Ribka Danaly Lumingkewas
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
World Health ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
Under Five ◽  
The World ◽  
In Pregnancy

Stunting in under-five children is a reduced growth rate primarily caused by chronic undernutrition that leads to a child having height much less than is normal for age. This condition manifests mostly after two years old. The definition of stunting according to the World Health Organization (WHO) is for the "height for age" value to be less than two standard deviations of the WHO Child Growth Standards median. Indonesia has been plagued recently with stunting. In 2015, the World Bank indicates that stunting has cost 3 to 11 percent of the gross domestic product. Previous research works have documented that mothers play an important role in preventing stunting through antenatal care and child nursing. The objective of this study is to explore the role played by the mothers in Bunaken, Manado, in antenatal care and child nursing that prevent stunting. Samples are drawn using purposive sampling and data are analysis descriptively. The results show that the mothers’ roles include taking antenatal check up to four times during pregnancy, daily use of FE 90 pill, participating in pregnancy counseling and care, delivery by health professionals, attending integrated service post (posyandu), visiting health professionals for postnatal care, completing universal immunization on child over 12 months old, and participating in educational activities for under-five nursing and nutritional fulfillment at least once a month. Of these eight recorded roles, however, there are merely 20% mothers indicate they regularly taking part in pregnancy counseling and care. Furthermore, only one percent (n = 3) respondents that report they attending educational activities for under-five nursing and nutritional fulfillment.

scholarly journals Anxiety among Pregnant Women about Corona Virus Infections during COVID-19 Pandemic at a Tertiary Care Center in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (234) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipty Shrestha ◽  
Rachana Saha ◽  
Naresh Manandhar ◽  
Asmita Adhikari ◽  
Jyoti Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The World ◽  
Severe Anxiety

Introduction: COVID-19 is a beta coronavirus that is transmitted by physical interaction or close contact. This Coronavirus Pandemic has also created stress and anxiety among pregnant women all over the world. The disease was first identified in Wuhan city, China, in late December 2019 and was declared pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11th March 2020. Concern and stress in pregnancy are associated with pre-eclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm labour, depression etc. Pregnancy is an immune-compromised state and poses a high risk to this risk. This study aims to identify anxiety about the coronavirus infection among pregnant women visiting a tertiary care centre in Kathmandu, Nepal, during this COVID–19 pandemic. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital from 15th July 2020 to 30th July 2020 after taking the ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu Medical College. Convenient sampling method was used. All the data were entered in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences data 20.0 and analyzed. Data was presented in frequencies, charts and percentage. Results: Among the total 273 cases, only 2 (0.73%) case had a score between 25-30 corresponding to moderate to severe anxiety, 21 (7.69%) had a score between 18-24, which corresponds to mild to moderate anxiety and 250 (91.57%) had score 0-17 which corresponds mild status. Conclusions: Most of the participants in the study reported a mild status of anxiety. Very few participants reported moderate to severe anxiety.

scholarly journals How COVID-19 is Affecting Apprentices

BioMedica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2S) ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
Shamaila Hassnain ◽  
Naureen Omar
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
World Health ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World

<p><strong>Background and Objective:</strong> Coronavirus induced disease (COVID-19) is affecting people all around the world. The rising number of deaths due to COVID-19 is not only harassing people but also causing strong emotions in adults as well as in children due to anxiety, fear and stress. The objective of this study was to assess the fears, anxiety and stress due to COVID-19 pandemic and related issues among the apprentices at various levels in different parts of world. <strong>Methods: </strong>It was a cross sectional survey design to assess the students/trainee&rsquo;s immediate psychological response during COVID-19 outbreak by using an anonymous online questionnaire. A snowball sampling technique was conducted focusing general public all around the world from 3rd April 2020 till 7th April 2020. A total of N=354 participants filled the form completely. The structured questionnaire collected information on demographic data and psychological aspect of this outbreak, including extreme fear and uncertainty. <strong>Results:</strong> A total of N = 354 participants completed the questionnaire; majority were from the age group of 21&ndash;30 years. Approximately 66.4% were females and 33.6% males. Participants from Asia were 83.6% while 9.9%, 3.4%, 2.8% and 1% from America/Canada, Europe, Africa and Australia respectively. Out of n = 354 participants 59.3% were relying on health professionals for authentic source of information regarding COVID-19 while 16.4%, 15% and 5.4% considered social media, television and World Health Organization (WHO) website respectively as their authentic guide. Out of the (n = 354) participants 80.5% were afraid about health status during COVID-19 most predominantly females (66.3%) (P = 0.000). A total of 65.8% participants felt agitated or irritated in this outbreak. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> COVID-19 lockdowns are affecting both physical and mental health of students and apprentices enrolled at different levels of education. Females are more affected and concerned to their loved ones and themselves. Working norms are being maintained and responsibilities are being fulfilled despite this grave situation.</p>

scholarly journals Study of ovarian cancer at a tertiary care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 3228
Author(s):  
Jayashree Mulik ◽  
Swapnil Khadse
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Despite major advances in case management, ovarian cancer continues to have the highest case fatality rate of all gynaecologic malignancies. There is paucity of meaningful screening and diagnostic protocols. Present study was planned with the objective of assessment of the prevalence of ovarian cancer and the associated risk factors at a tertiary care centre.Methods: The present prevalence study was conducted at a tertiary care government hospital and entailed analysis of data of 73 patients of ovarian cancer. All the participants were subjected to comprehensive history taking, followed by general, systemic, per-speculum and per-vaginal examination. Serum tumour markers of the patients were assessed. Imaging studies including ultrasound, CT or MRI abdomen/pelvis were done as per need. Final diagnosis was confirmed on histopathology and the cases were classified according to histological classification of World Health Organization.Results: Majority (41, 56.2%) were aged more than 45 years and above, most of them with one to two previous issues (64.3%). The disease was observed to be more common in postmenopausal women (65, 89%). Three fourth participants had negative family history of ovarian or breast cancer. Out of 73 patients, 31 had value of CA 125 between 150-400 U/mL and 42 had values >400 U/mL. Epithelial ovarian cancer (serous- 33, 45.2%, mucinous- 18, 24.7%) was observed to be the commonest histological type.Conclusions: To diagnose ovarian tumours early using multipronged approach with focussed risk factor identification and screening with CA-125 is very important and is strongly recommended.

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