AFIKS VERBA DALAM BAHASA SALUAN

Affix verbs in the Saluan language can be added to basic word or basic form in the form of verbs, nouns, adjectives, and numerals. The affix has various forms and functions. This study examines the forms and function of verb affixes in the Saluan language. Related with that, this paper aims to describe the forms and function of verb affixes in the Saluan language. The data of this study were obtained using the litterary method. The data is processed using the intralingual equivalent method through a change technique. The results of this study indicate that there are five verb affixes in the Saluan language, namely prefix, suffix, confix, infix, and combinations of affixes. There are nine verb prefixes, namely moN-, pino-, i-, o-, ba-, po-, ko-, maha-, and mompo-. The moN prefix has four allomorphs, namely mom-, mong-, mo-, and mon-. There are two verb suffixes, namely -onon and-kon. There are four verb confixes, namely kino-an, kina-mo, kina-anmo, and maha-an. The verb infix is only one, namely -in-. Different case with a combination of affixes. The combination of verb affixes is nine, namely moN-akon, moN-kon, moN-i, i-akon, i-kon, pino-akon, pinokon, i-i, -in-an, -in-akon, and iin-kon. There are five functions of the affix form, namely changing the word category in its basic form, forming bitransitive verbs, forming transitive verbs, reciprocal verbs, and forming passive verbs.

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Passive and grammaticalization in Hausa

Studies in Language ◽

10.1075/sl.24.2.02abd ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 235-275 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mahamane Laoualy Abdoulaye

Keyword(s):

General Situation ◽

Verbal Morphology ◽

Transitive Verbs ◽

Intransitive Verbs ◽

Passive Verbs

Hausa uses a (...)LH-u verbal morphology to derive (i) typical passive forms with an optional intensive/completive meaning, and (ii) some non-passive verbs with an obligatory intensive meaning and which are based on intransitive verbs. After a detailed description of the two forms, I propose that originally, the (...)LH-u morphology was only applied to intransitive middle verbs to derive intensive forms. Later however, the (...)LH-u morphology was grammaticalized and applied to transitive verbs to derive passive forms. I will show that the Hausa passive has continued its grammaticalization process, weakening its intensive and stative semantics, and allowing non-patient nominals to be passive subjects. This analysis implies that previously, Hausa had no passive, and this fits with the general situation in Chadic languages where indeed passive is a rare construction.

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AFFIXES FORMING PASSIVE VERBS IN BUGIS LANGUAGE

Interference: Journal of Language, Literature, and Linguistics ◽

10.26858/interference.v1i2.14697 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 110

Author(s):

Makkawaru Makkawaru

Keyword(s):

Native Speakers ◽

Word Class ◽

Basic Form ◽

Form Function ◽

Language Data ◽

Written Form ◽

Data Source ◽

Root Word ◽

Passive Verbs ◽

Existing Data

Abstract. The problem of this research is the affixation of Bugis language, which is limited to three subproblems namely; affix form, function, and meaning in Bugis language. Affixation is described as descriptly and qualitatively. The data source is in the form of utterances from native speakers of the Bugis language. Data collection techniques are direct interview techniques, namely fishing techniques, the designation of activities, designation of images, and documentary studies. The technical analysis used in research is to transcribe data, then transcribe it into written form, then classified according to the problem. Based on the analysis of existing data, the results of the study show that the affixes in Bugis language have form, function, and meaning. The form of affixes in Bugis language are: Prefixes {ta-}, {ri-}, {na-}, {ripa-}, double affixes {na -, - ngi}, {ri -, - eng}, {ri + aG -, -ang}. Function: changing the word class and not changing the word class. The meaning of affixes forming passive verbs in Bugis language is Prefix {ta-}: Stating a sudden or unintentional event, and stating an action that is subject to work referred to in the root word, {ri-}: Stating the action being taken work called the root word, {na-}: Stating the action that is subject to work which is called the root word, {ripa-}: States the causative meaning. Meaning of double affixes {na-,-ngi}: Stating is made as stated in the basic form, {ri-, -eng}: Stating the action mentioned in the basic form, {ri- + aG-, -ang}: Stating the action mentioned in the basic form.

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Mengenal Penggunaan Partikel His ‘His’ sebagai Pengungkap Emosi dalam Cerita Rekaan Berbahasa Sunda

Metahumaniora ◽

10.24198/metahumaniora.v9i2.23292 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 291

Author(s):

Wahya Wahya ◽

Hera Meganova Lyra ◽

Raden (R.) Yudi Permadi

Keyword(s):

Semantic Approach ◽

Expression Of Emotion ◽

Sample Data ◽

Qualitative Descriptive ◽

Data Source ◽

And Function ◽

Equivalent Method ◽

Regional Languages ◽

Descriptive Method ◽

Fictional Story

ABSTRAK Bahasa di mana pun di dunia ini secara universal memiliki kelas kata yang disebut partikel. Secara praktis keberadaan partikel ini penting karena memiliki fungsi tertentu dalam bahasa sebagai sarana untuk berkomunikasi bagi para penuturnya. Namun demikian, sebagai ciri keunikan setiap bahasa, tentu bentuk, jumlah, dan fungsi partikel ini berbeda-beda. Bahasa Sunda sebagai bahasa alamiah yang merupakan salah satu bahasa daerah di Indonesia kaya dengan pertikel ini. Salah satu partikel yang terdapat dalam bahasa Sunda adalah his ’his’. Artikel ini akan mencoba membahas partikel his ini dari ssi sebagai pengungkap emosi dalam percakapan para tokoh cerita rekaan berbahasa Sunda. Untuk membahas partikel his ini digunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode simak, yakni menyimak penggunaan partikel his oleh para tokoh dalam cerita rekaan berbahasa Sunda dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa teknik catat. Adapun metode analisis menggunkan metode padan pragmatik dan referensial dengan pendekatan semantik gramatikal. Sumber data yang digunakan berupa enam buah cerita rekaan berbahasa Sunda dengan pertimbangan pada keenam buku tersebut terdapat data yang diperlukan dan sebagai sampel sumber data. Dari hasil pengamatan terhadap enam belas data ditemukan enam emosi yang diungkapkan partikel his, meyakinkan, kesal, melarang, kecewa, tidak setuju, danangkuh.Kata kunci: partikel, fatis, emosi, semantik gramatikal ABSTRACT Languages everywhere in the world universally have a class of words called particles. Practically the existence of this particle is important because it has a certain function in language as a means to communicate for its speakers. However, as a feature of the uniqueness of each language, the shape, number, and function of these particles differ. Sundanese as a natural language which is one of the regional languages in Indonesia is rich in this particles. One of the particles contained in Sundanese is his. This article will try to discuss his particle from an expression of emotion in the conversation of the fictional characters in Sundanese. To discuss this particle, a qualitative descriptive method is used. Data were collected using the method of listening, which is listening to the use of his particle by the characters in a fictional story in Sundanese language with data collection techniques in the form of note taking techniques. The analytical method uses the pragmatic and referential equivalent method with a grammatical semantic approach. The data source used in the form of six Sundanese fiction stories with consideration in the six books contained the necessary data and as a sample data source. From the observation of the sixteen data found six emotions expressed his particle, convincing, annoyed, forbidding, disappointed, disagreeing, and arrogant.Keywords: particle, phatic, emotion, grammatical semantics

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Constructions with Reflexive and Reciprocal Verbs in English and Armenian

Armenian Folia Anglistika ◽

10.46991/afa/2014.10.1-2.063 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 10 (1-2 (12)) ◽

pp. 63-69

Author(s):

Yelena Mkhitaryan ◽

Mary Vardanyan

Keyword(s):

Special Class ◽

Semantic Change ◽

Verbal System ◽

Transitive Verbs ◽

And Function

Reflexive and reciprocal verbs constitute a special class both in the English and Armenian verbal system. As for their semantics, they manifest similarity, but morphologically and syntactically they show some differences. In English the meanings of reflexivity and reciprocity are expressed both by single verbs and their combination with the respective pronouns. In Armenian these categories are designated by means of the suffix վ. The English reflexives may be used with the pronouns without apparent semantic change, whereas the Armenian counterparts normally do not take them. Used with other words than the respective pronouns these verbs lose the meanings of reflexivity and reciprocity and function as common transitive verbs.

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Passive Construction of Transitive Verbs in Pulau Rengas Language

Diwan ◽

10.15548/diwan.v10i1.168 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 889-900

Author(s):

Awliya Rahmi

Keyword(s):

Passive Construction ◽

First Sound ◽

Transitive Verbs ◽

Passive Verbs ◽

Recording Techniques

This study focuses on examining the passive construction in Pulau Rengas language. The data of this study is the passive construction in sentences uttered by Pulau Rengas natives. The data were collected by doing deep interview and recording techniques. The data were then analyzed by applying the syntax theories focusing on Maggie and Tallerman’s. The result of this research shows that passive construction in this language is related to the phonological characteristic of the language itself. Pulau Rengas language is a diphthongal language. This characteristic affects the process of passive construction in this language. While most of language marks the passive verbs morphologically, Pulau Rengas language marks the passive verbs by omitting the prefix of the active verbs. In certain verbs, the passive forms are also marked phonologically depending on the first sound of the verb.

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Penerapan Teknik Bagi Unsur Langsung (BUL) pada Identifikasi Afiks Bahasa Dayak Benuaq

DIGLOSIA Jurnal Kajian Bahasa Sastra dan Pengajarannya ◽

10.30872/diglosia.v1i1.5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 13-18

Author(s):

Widyatmike Gede Mulawarman ◽

Yeri Iswanto

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Data Analysis ◽

Data Collection ◽

Native Speakers ◽

Research Data ◽

Basic Form ◽

Basic Word ◽

Form Function ◽

Entire Word ◽

Recording Techniques

This study aims to describe the form, function, and meaning of affix attached to the basic form of Benuaq language in Kampung Jengan Danum, Damai District, West Kutai Regency. This research is qualitative research with the technique of data analysis is BUL (Bagi Unsur Langsung) technique. This study was conducted in Kampung Jengan Danum, Damai District, West Kutai Regency. The research data is the entire word affixed spoken of native speakers Benuaq Kampung Jengan Danum. Data collection techniques used are recording techniques, cakap libat semuka technique, and simak cakap technique. The results showed that the Dayak Benuaq language in Kampung Jengan Danum has three forms affix, that is prefixes, suffixes, and combination of affixes. The prefixes are: {be-}, {pe-}, {peN-}, {te-}, and {N-}. The suffixes are: {tn}. The combination of affixes are: {ke- + N-} and {sek + N-}. The affix converts the categories of adjectives into verbs, verbs into adjectives, nouns into verbs, and nouns into adjectives. The meaning of the affixation of the Benuaq Dayak’s basic word is to declare an action, result of, a job, and to say to do work.

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CODE MIXING IN NOVEL RANGE OF STORIES BY GITA SAVITRI DEVI AND ITS RELATION TO NOVEL TEXT

Bahasa: Jurnal Keilmuan Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia ◽

10.26499/bahasa.v3i1.65 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 49-61

Author(s):

Devita Apriani ◽

Denik Wirawati

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

The Novel ◽

Teaching Materials ◽

Form And Function ◽

Code Mixing ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

Data Validity ◽

Main Instrument ◽

And Function ◽

Equivalent Method

This research is motivated by the use of code-mixing in the novel Range of Stories by Gita Savitri Devi. This study aims to describe the form and function of code-mixing in the novel and to relate it to teaching materials in learning novel texts for class XII SMA. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The research subject is the novel Range of Stories by Gita Savitri Devi and the object under study is code mixing in the novel. Data collection is done by using reading and note techniques. The main instrument determinant in this research is the researcher himself. The data analysis technique used is the referential equivalent method, while the data validity technique uses intrarater and interrater. This technique is done by intensifying observations, namely by reading the novel Range of Stories repeatedly. Meanwhile, the interrater technique was carried out by checking the validity of the data through supervisors and colleagues who carried out the same research. Then, data analysis using referential equivalent method. The results of this study are as follows: (1) code-mixing forms in the form of words, word groups, clauses, baster, abbreviations, and word repetitions; (2) the function of code mixing as repetition of words, display of learning, affirmation of the accuracy of meaning, and indication of uniqueness; and (3) the link between code mixing in novels and teaching materials in learning novel texts for class XII SMA based on KD 3.9 and 4.9.

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Passive Construction of Transitive Verbs in Pulau Rengas Language

Diwan ◽

10.15548/diwan.v10i19.168 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (19) ◽

pp. 889-900

Author(s):

Awliya Rahmi

Keyword(s):

Passive Construction ◽

First Sound ◽

Transitive Verbs ◽

Passive Verbs ◽

Recording Techniques

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PENERAPAN TEKNIK BAGI UNSUR LANGSUNG (BUL) PADA IDENTIFIKASI AFIKS BAHASA DAYAK BENUAQ

DIGLOSIA Jurnal Kajian Bahasa Sastra dan Pengajarannya ◽

10.30872/diglosia.v1i1.pp13-18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 13-18

Author(s):

Widyatmike Gede Mulawarman ◽

Yeri Iswanto

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Data Analysis ◽

Data Collection ◽

Native Speakers ◽

Research Data ◽

Basic Form ◽

Basic Word ◽

Form Function ◽

Entire Word ◽

Recording Techniques

ABSTRACT This study aims to describe the form, function, and meaning of affix attached to the basic form of Benuaq language in Kampung Jengan Danum, Damai District, West Kutai Regency. This research is qualitative research with the technique of data analysis is BUL (Bagi Unsur Langsung) technique. This study was conducted in Kampung Jengan Danum, Damai District, West Kutai Regency. The research data is the entire word affixed spoken of native speakers Benuaq Kampung Jengan Danum. Data collection techniques used are recording techniques, cakap libat semuka technique, and simak cakap technique. The results showed that the Dayak Benuaq language in Kampung Jengan Danum has three forms affix, that is prefixes, suffixes, and combination of affixes. The prefixes are: {be-}, {pe-}, {peN-}, {te-}, and {N-}. The suffixes are: {tn}. The combination of affixes are: {ke- + N-} and {sek + N-}. The affix converts the categories of adjectives into verbs, verbs into adjectives, nouns into verbs, and nouns into adjectives. The meaning of the affixation of the Benuaq Dayak’s basic word is to declare an action, result of, a job, and to say to do work. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk, fungsi, dan makna afiks yang melekat pada bentuk dasar bahasa Dayak Benuaq di Kampung Jengan Danum, Kecamatan Damai, Kabupaten Kutai Barat. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik BUL (Bagi Unsur Langsung). Peneitian ini dilakukan di Kampung Jengan Danum, Kecamatan Damai, Kabupaten Kutai Barat. Data penelitian ini adalah seluruh kata berafiks yang dituturkan dari penutur asli Dayak Benuaq di Kampung Jengan Danum. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik rekam, teknik cakap libat semuka, dan teknik simak cakap. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa Bahasa Dayak Benuaq Kampung Jengan Danum diketui memiliki tiga bentuk afiks, yaitu prefiks, sufiks, dan kombinasi afiks. Bentuk prefiks, yaitu: {be-}, {pe-}, {peN-}, dan {te-}. Bentuk sufiks, yaitu: {-tn}. Sedangkan kombinasi afiks, yaitu: {ke- + N-}dan {se- + N-}. Afiks tersebut berfungsi mengubah kategori kata adjektiva menjadi verba, verba menjadi adjetiva, nomina menjadi verba, dan nomina menjadi adjektiva. Makna yang muncul akibat pembubuhan afiks dengan kata dasar ialah menyatakan tindakan, menyatakan akibat, menyatakan pekerjaan, menyatakan sedang melakukan suatu pekerjaan.

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INFLEKSI DAN DERIVASI DALAM BAHASA ARAB:ANALISIS MORFOLOGI (INFLECTION AND DERIVATION IN ARABIC:MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS)

Metalingua: Jurnal Penelitian Bahasa ◽

10.26499/metalingua.v16i2.280 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 273

Author(s):

Tajudin Nur

Keyword(s):

Formation Process ◽

Word Formation ◽

Time Range ◽

Formation Processes ◽

Basic Form ◽

Morphological Process ◽

Word Category ◽

Descriptive Method ◽

Derivation Process

This paper discusses word formation in Arabic through inlectional and derivational processes. Inlection is a morphological process of afixation that creates different forms of the word without changing the word category. Derivation is a morphological process which changes the form of the word and also changes the word category. The method used in this study is a descriptive method with a synchronic time range. In other words, the inlectional and derivational word formation processes will be described as they are. The data were taken from an Arabic textbook for nonarabic students called “Al-Arabiyyah Bayna Yadayk” (2007). The result shows that the inlection process in the formation of Arabic words is intended to mark the grammatical concepts of tenses, mood, diathesis, transitive, gender, and number in verb category, meanwhile in other categories such as noun, adjective, and particle, inlection is intended to mark the grammatical concepts of gender, number, and case. The derivational word formation process in Arabic is conducted in two ways, namely (1) internal changes and (2) afixations. Internal changes in the derivational process were carried out by changing the basic form into certain patterns through horizontal conjugation techniques (tashrif istilahy), namely by changing internal stem vowels, while afixations in the derivation process are conducted by adding afixes to the basic form, such as preixes or conixes. The derivation process in Arabic is intended to form derivation of nouns from verbs, verbs from nouns, and verbs from adjectives. AbstrakMakalah ini membahas pembentukan kata dalam bahasa Arab melalui proses inleksi dan derivasi. Inleksi adalah proses morfologis berupa aiksasi yang mengubah bentuk kata tanpa mengubah kelas katanya. Derivasi adalah proses morfologis yang menyebabkan pembentukan kata baru yang berbeda kelas kata dasarnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan jangkauan waktu bersifat sinkronis. Artinya, inleksi dan derivasi sebagai proses pembentukan kata dideskripsikan seperti apa adanya. Data diambil dari buku pelajaran bahasa Arab untuk nonarab berjudul Al-Arabiyyah Bayna Yadayk (2007). Temuan menunjukkan bahwa proses inleksi dalam pembentukan kata bahasa Arab dimaksudkan untuk menandai konsep gramatikal kekalaan, kemodusan, kediatesisan, ketransitifan, kegenderan, dan jumlah pada kelas kata verba, sedangkan pada kelas kata selainverba, seperti nomina, adjektiva, dan partikel, inleksi dimaksudkan untuk menandai konsep gramatikal gender, jumlah, dan kasus. Sementara itu, pembentukan kata melalui proses derivasi dalam bahasa Arab dilakukan dengan dua cara, yaitu (1) perubahan internal dan (2) aiksasi. Perubahan internal dalam proses derivasi dilakukan dengan mengubah bentuk dasar ke dalam pola-pola tertentu melalui teknik konjugasi horizontal (tashrif istilahy), yaitu dengan cara mengubah vokalvokal internal stem, sedangkan aiksasi dalam proses derivasi dilakukan dengan penambahan aiks pada bentuk dasar, seperti preiks atau koniks. Adapun proses derivasi dalam bahasa Arab dimaksudkan untuk membentuk nomina deverba, verba denomina, dan verba deadjektiva.

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