scholarly journals Early Neolithic Pottery of the Multilayered Site Ust-Khaita (Southern Angara Region)

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 38-72
Author(s):  
N. A. Saveliev ◽  
◽  
I. V. Ulanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Central Siberia ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
Cultural Affinity ◽  
First Time ◽  
Technological Analysis ◽  
Neolithic Pottery

This article presents the largest collection of Early Neolithic pottery in the Southern Angara region, which was found at the Ust-Khaita site. The problem of the correlation between burials and settlements of the Neolithic in the South of Central Siberia has not been resolved yet. Therefore, there are two periodization schemes, which are based on the materials of burials and settlements. The second scheme is based on pottery, which is the main source for the study of historical and cultural processes in the Neolithic. That is why, it is important to study large collections of ceramics. One of the largest was found at the Ust-Khaita site. It is located in the Belaya river’s middle flow. The excavations were carried out in 2000 and the results have not been fully published. In this article we described the pottery of the Early Neolithic and carried out a technical and technological analysis. The Early Neolithic vessels are found in layers 5a and 5 and are divided into two groups. The first group is ceramics with cord impressions. It is called the Khaita type (38 vessels). The second group is ceramics with net impressions (32 vessels). We have identified three types of ornamentation for Khaita pottery. The bottom of the vessel was made on base forms, the role of which was played by other pots. The authors obtained new confirmation of the use of ornamented fragments or small vessels as anvils for knocking out the walls of Khaita pots. In particular, we found that the knolls on the inner surface are traces of the use of fragments decorated with pricks like anvils. Net-impressed ceramics show a variety of mesh weaving and mesh printing methods. The facts of use as an anvil for knocking out fragments of Net and Khaita ceramics have been diagnosed. For the first time, a net decor was found at the junction, as well as nail impressions as an element of the ornament. Also there are the vessels in the collection that show a mixture of cord and net pottery features. This fact and the closeness in the morphology and technology of the two groups of ceramics testify to the close interaction of the carriers of these two pottery traditions and their cultural affinity. The location of the Early Neolithic ceramics under conditions of clear stratigraphy made it possible to date these complexes by the 14C method. As a result, their age is determined in the range of ~8400–6900 cal BP and it puts Ust-Khaita in a number of objects with the earliest dates for these ceramics in the Southern Angara region and the Cis-Baikal.

scholarly journals The first data on the role of rhyncholites in the process of epibiota

2019 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
E. S. Gaponenko ◽  
M. A. Ulshin ◽  
V. N. Komarov
Keyword(s):  
Adult Worm ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Ventral Side ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
Clear Indication ◽  
Life Activity ◽  
Additional Food ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
First Time

For the first time the role of rhyncholites in the process of epibiota has been figured out. Serpulidae inlay is detected in 39 rhyncholites of 979 specimens, representing 4% of the all studied material. This fact demonstrates that rhyncholites were used extremely rarely by encrusting species as a substrate. No other epibionts were found. Polychaetes were found in the genus Hadrocheilus (87%) and in the genus Akidocheilus. Size of the inlaid rhyncholites ranges from 7 to 23 mm. Serpulidae cover usually only the ventral side of rhyncholites, herewith, at 48,7% of the samples epibionts with different degrees of intensity are developed throughout the ventral surface, at 30,7% of the samples they are observed only on the ventral side of the hood and at 20,6% serpulidae are present only on the ventral surface of the arm. At four exemplars of the genus Hadrocheilus (10 % of the total amount) polychaetes are developed on the dorsal surface, but they are always and usually very wide developed on the ventral side of rhyncholites. No samples were found in which serpulidae were found only on the dorsal surface. Among the remains of polychaete worms, large and small tubes were identified and described. The presence of serpulidae on the handle of rhyncholites, that during the life of the cephalopod mollusk was located in a horny jaw, is a clear indication of the settlement’s epibionts on isolated skeletal structures of the already dead cephalopod. Cases when serpulidae are observed only on the ventral side of the hood in representatives of the genus Akidocheilus, suggest that planktonic trochophore – larvae of polychaetes can settle on the inner surface of the mandible of living ammonoids, where they turned into an adult worm. At the same time, polychaetes gained access not only to traditional prey, represented by various microscopic organisms, but also to additional food resources associated with the life activity of cephalopodas.

scholarly journals Investigating Neolithic caprine husbandry in the Central Pyrenees: Insights from a multi-proxy study at Els Trocs cave (Bisaurri, Spain)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0244139
Author(s):  
Cristina Tejedor-Rodríguez ◽  
Marta Moreno-García ◽  
Carlos Tornero ◽  
Alizé Hoffmann ◽  
Íñigo García-Martínez de Lagrán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Mountain ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
Faunal Assemblages ◽  
First Time ◽  
Central Pyrenees ◽  
Vertical Mobility

Sheep remains constitute the main archaeozoological evidence for the presence of Early Neolithic human groups in the highlands of the Southern Pyrenees but understanding the role of herding activities in the Neolithisation process of this mountain ecosystem calls for the analysis of large and well-dated faunal assemblages. Cova de Els Trocs (Bisaurri, Huesca, Spain), a cave located at 1564 m a.s.l on the southern slopes of the Central Pyrenees, is an excellent case study since it was seasonally occupied throughout the Neolithic (ca. 5312–2913 cal. BC) and more than 4000 caprine remains were recovered inside. The multi-proxy analytical approach here presented has allowed us to offer new data elaborating on vertical mobility practices and herd management dynamics as has not been attempted up until now within Neolithic high-mountain sites in the Iberian Peninsula. For the first time, δ18O and δ13C stable isotope analyses offer direct evidence on both the regular practice of altitudinal movements of sheep flocks and the extended breeding season of sheep. Autumn births are recorded from the second half of the fifth millennium cal. BC onwards. Age-at-death distributions illustrate the progressive decline in caprine perinatal mortality together with the rising survival rate of individuals older than six months of age and the larger frequency of adults. This trend alongside the ‘off-season’ lambing signal at the implementation of husbandry techniques over time, probably aiming to increase the size of the flocks and their productivity. Palaeoparasitological analyses of sediment samples document also the growing reliance on herding activities of the human groups visiting the Els Trocs cave throughout the Neolithic sequence. In sum, our work provides substantial arguments to conclude that the advanced herding management skills of the Early Neolithic communities arriving in Iberia facilitated the anthropisation process of the subalpine areas of the Central Pyrenees.

Памятники ранненеолитической среднедонкой культуры у села Доброе на верхнем Дону

Światowit ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
Roman V. Smolyaninov ◽  
Aleksey A. Kulichkov ◽  
Yelizaveta S. Yurkina ◽  
Yevgeniya Yu. Yanish
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Bone Tools ◽  
Ancient Population ◽  
Ceramic Vessels ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Town ◽  
Neolithic Pottery

Nowadays there are 72 sites of the Neolithic Middle-Don Culture. Ceramic vessels are ornamented mostly using triangular pricks. These settlements are located on the banks of the rivers Voronezh and Don in their lower reaches. Not far from the town of Dobroe, a  concentration of Neolithic settlements was found. Three of them contained Early Neolithic pottery of the Middle-Don Culture (6th millennium BC). For the first time on the settlement Dobroe 9 a cultural layer was found in situ. Due to the discovery of the assemblage of pottery and stone and bone tools, new excavations allowed us to characterise the material culture of the ancient population of the Upper Don in a new way.

scholarly journals Pottery technology of the Early Neolithic population Podon'ya

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-123
Author(s):  
Irina Nikolaevna Vasilyeva
Keyword(s):  
General Description ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Pottery Technology ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Cultural Layers ◽  
Technological Analysis ◽  
Neolithic Pottery

The paper publishes the long-term study results of the Early Neolithic population pottery technology in the Lower, Middle and Upper Don Region. This research was carried out within the framework of the historical and cultural approach by the method of A.A. Bobrinsky. It was based on binocular microscopy, traceology and experiment in the form of physical modeling. 483 samples of ceramics (conditionally separate vessels) were subjected to techno-technological analysis. They originate from the cultural layers of the Rakushechny Yar camp (294) and I Razdorskaya site (4), located in the Lower Don region, as well as 14 sites of the Middle and Upper Don Region containing Karamyshev type ceramics (185). The authors give a general description of the Early Neolithic pottery of the Don region and a comparative analysis of the data on pottery technology of the Lower, Middle and Upper Don Region population. The problems of the origin and distribution of early Neolithic pottery traditions are considered, the similarities and differences in the neolithization process in the Don region and the Volga region are distinguished.

Novel Pleiotropic Effects of Thrombin in Regulation of the Metastatic Potential of Human Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) Cells.

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 2270-2270
Author(s):  
Marcin Wysoczynski ◽  
Mariusz Z Ratajczak
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Metastatic Potential ◽  
Coagulation Cascade ◽  
Integrin Receptors ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Activated Platelets ◽  
Metastatic Process ◽  
First Time ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth

Abstract Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma of adolescents and children that frequently infiltrates bone marrow (BM). We identified chemokines and growth factors [i.e., stromal derived factor (SDF)-1, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)] that play important roles in RMS metastasis (Blood2002;100:2597, Cancer Res.2003;63:7926,Cancer Res.2007;67:2131). However, novel evidence indicates that the metastatic process for many tumors may be modulated by components of the coagulation cascade (e.g., thrombin, activated platelets). Thus, we became interested in the role of coagulation cascade in modulating metastasis of RMS cells. We learned that RMS cells express tissue factor (TF) and thus may activate coagulation by generating thrombin. Thrombin activated in the tumor microenvironment activates platelets that release microvesicles. These interact with RMS cells and/or directly stimulate PAR 1–4 receptors that are expressed on RMS cells. Focusing on these effects, 9 human RMS cells lines were employed for our studies. We learned that platelet-derived microvesicles (PMVs) transfer several platelet integrin receptors to RMS cells (e.g., a2b3) that are important for interaction with the endothelium, thus increasing their adhesive potential to endothelial cells, fibronectin, and fibrinogen. More importantly, RMS cells covered with PMVs showed higher metastatic potential after intravenous injection into severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. This could be explained by enhanced adhesiveness of PMV-covered RMS cells to endothelial cells in small vessels. On the other hand, PMVs also directly chemoattracted RMS cells and activated MAPKp42/44 and AKT. Since we found that RMS cell lines express functional PAR 1–4 receptors, we become interested in the thromin-mediated responses of these cells. In RMS, we observed cells stimulated by thrombin phosphorylation of MAPKp42/44 and p38, but not AKT. However, we did not observe any effect from thrombin on proliferation and survival of RMS cells. To our surprise, thrombin decreased RMS chemotactic responses to SDF-1, HGF, and PMVs. Thrombin also decreased adhesion of RMS cells to fibronectin and laminin. In conclusion, we demonstrate for first time that RMS-expressed TF activates prothrombin and that thrombin is a novel, underappreciated, pro-metastatic factor for these cells. Activated in tumor proximity by thrombin, platelets release PMVs that chemoattract and transfer several platelet-derived receptors/adhesion molecules to RMS cells that are crucial for adhesion/interaction with the endothelium. Conversely, by decreasing the responsiveness of RMS cells to local chemoattractants and decreasing adhesiveness of RMS cells, thrombin promotes their release from the primary tumor into circulation. Consequently, RMS cells that are covered by PMVs release into circulation and respond to chemoattractants in distant organs for metastasis.

Psychological Resilience Provides No Independent Protection From Suicidal Risk

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danica W. Y. Liu ◽  
A. Kate Fairweather-Schmidt ◽  
Richard Burns ◽  
Rachel M. Roberts ◽  
Kaarin J. Anstey
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Resilience Factors ◽  
First Time

Abstract. Background: Little is known about the role of resilience in the likelihood of suicidal ideation (SI) over time. Aims: We examined the association between resilience and SI in a young-adult cohort over 4 years. Our objectives were to determine whether resilience was associated with SI at follow-up or, conversely, whether SI was associated with lowered resilience at follow-up. Method: Participants were selected from the Personality and Total Health (PATH) Through Life Project from Canberra and Queanbeyan, Australia, aged 28–32 years at the first time point and 32–36 at the second. Multinomial, linear, and binary regression analyses explored the association between resilience and SI over two time points. Models were adjusted for suicidality risk factors. Results: While unadjusted analyses identified associations between resilience and SI, these effects were fully explained by the inclusion of other suicidality risk factors. Conclusion: Despite strong cross-sectional associations, resilience and SI appear to be unrelated in a longitudinal context, once risk/resilience factors are controlled for. As independent indicators of psychological well-being, suicidality and resilience are essential if current status is to be captured. However, the addition of other factors (e.g., support, mastery) makes this association tenuous. Consequently, resilience per se may not be protective of SI.

Synergetic Theory of Document in Evolution of Document Science

2018 ◽  
pp. 1060-1068
Author(s):  
Galina A. Dvoenosova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Universal Theory ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Social Goal ◽  
The Social ◽  
Synergetic Theory ◽  
First Time

The article assesses synergetic theory of document as a new development in document science. In information society the social role of document grows, as information involves all members of society in the process of documentation. The transformation of document under the influence of modern information technologies increases its interest to representatives of different sciences. Interdisciplinary nature of document as an object of research leads to an ambiguous interpretation of its nature and social role. The article expresses and contends the author's views on this issue. In her opinion, social role of document is incidental to its being a main social tool regulating the life of civilized society. Thus, the study aims to create a scientific theory of document, explaining its nature and social role as a tool of social (goal-oriented) action and social self-organization. Substantiation of this idea is based on application of synergetics (i.e., universal theory of self-organization) to scientific study of document. In the synergetic paradigm, social and historical development is seen as the change of phases of chaos and order, and document is considered a main tool that regulates social relations. Unlike other theories of document, synergetic theory studies document not as a carrier and means of information transfer, but as a unique social phenomenon and universal social tool. For the first time, the study of document steps out of traditional frameworks of office, archive, and library. The document is placed on the scales with society as a global social system with its functional subsystems of politics, economy, culture, and personality. For the first time, the methods of social sciences and modern sociological theories are applied to scientific study of document. This methodology provided a basis for theoretical vindication of nature and social role of document as a tool of social (goal-oriented) action and social self-organization. The study frames a synergetic theory of document with methodological foundations and basic concepts, synergetic model of document, laws of development and effectiveness of document in the social continuum. At the present stage of development of science, it can be considered the highest form of theoretical knowledge of document and its scientific explanatory theory.

Physical Warmth Attenuates Ethnocentric Bias under Mortality Salience: An Embodied Terror Management Perspective

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armand Chatard ◽  
Margaux Renoux ◽  
Jean Monéger ◽  
Leila Selimbegovic
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Salience ◽  
Terror Management ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Defensive Reaction ◽  
Worldview Defense ◽  
Management Perspective ◽  
Physical Warmth ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
First Time

Research indicates that individuals often deal with mortality salience by affirming beliefs in national or cultural superiority (worldview defense). Because worldview defense may be associated with negative consequences (discrimination), it is important to identify alternative means to deal with death-related thoughts. In line with an embodied terror management perspective, we evaluate for the first time the role of physical warmth in reducing defensive reaction to mortality salience. We predicted that, like social affiliation (social warmth), physical warmth could reduce worldview defense when mortality is salient. In this exploratory (preregistered) study, 202 French participants were primed with death-related thoughts, or an aversive control topic, in a heated room or a non-heated room. The main outcome was worldview defense (ethnocentric bias). We found no main effect of mortality salience on worldview defense. However, physical warmth reduced worldview defense when mortality was salient. Implications for an embodied terror management perspective are discussed.

Relationship between big five personality model and abusive supervision

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibi Tahira ◽  
Naveed Saif ◽  
Muhammad Haroon ◽  
Sadaqat Ali
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Abusive Supervision ◽  
State Universities ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Supervisor Behavior ◽  
Moderating Role

The current study tries to understand the diverse nature of relationship between personality Big Five Model (PBFM) and student's perception of abusive supervision in higher education institutions of Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa Pakistan. Data was collected in dyads i.e. (supervisors were asked to rate their personality attributes while student were asked to rate the supervisor behavior) through adopted construct. For this purpose, data was collected from three government state universities and one Private Sector University. The focus was on MS/M.Phill and PhD student and their supervisors of the mentioned universities. After measuring normality and validity regression analysis was conducted to assess the impact of supervisor personality characteristics that leads to abusive supervision. Findings indicate interestingly that except agreeableness other four attributes of (PBFM) are play their role for abusive supervision. The results are novel in the nature as for the first time Neuroticism, openness to experience, extraversion and conscientiousness are held responsible for the abusive supervision. The study did not explore the demographic characteristics, and moderating role of organizational culture, justice and interpersonal deviances to understand the strength of relationship in more detail way. Keywords: Personality big five model, abusive supervision, HEIs

Smolensk Proper Names in A.T. Tvardovsky’s Poems

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Inna A. Koroleva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Proper Names ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Thematic Content ◽  
Home Town ◽  
Birthday Anniversary ◽  
Long Poems ◽  
First Time

This article is dedicated to the 110th birthday anniversary of a great Russian poet, native of Smolensk, one of the founders of the Smolensk Poetic School Aleksandr Tvardovsky (1910–1971). It examines how Smolensk motifs and Tvardovsky’s love for his home town are reflected in his works at the onomastic level. Smolensk-onyms reflected in long poems are analysed here, the focus being on anthroponyms and toponyms naming the characters and indicating the locations associated with Smolensk region. A close connection between the choice of proper names and Tvardovsky’s biography is established. An attempt is made to demonstrate how, using onomastic units introduced by the author into the storyline of his artistic text, the general principles of autobiography and chronotopy are realized, which have been noted earlier in critiques of Tvardovsky’s literary works. The onomastic component of the poems is analysed thoroughly and comprehensively, which helps us to decode the conceptual chain writer – name – text – reader and identify the author’s attitude to the characters and the ideological and thematic content of the works, as well as some of the author’s personal characteristics, tastes and passions. At the onomastic level, the thesis about the role of Smolensk motifs in Tvardovsky’s literary works is once more substantiated. A review is presented of onomastic studies analysing proper names of different categories in Tvardovsky’s poems (mainly conducted by the representatives of the Voronezh Onomastic School and the author of this article). It should be noted that Smolensk proper names in the entire body of Tvardovsky’s poetry are analysed for the first time.

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