scholarly journals Investigation and Analysis of the Current Situation of Olive-Stone Carving Inheritance in Guangzhou

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
Zhaofeng Hou
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Olive Stone ◽  
Stone Carving ◽  
The Government

The issue of inheriting and developing traditional handicrafts in this contemporary society is being explored by all walks of life in China. Taking the olive-stone carving in Guangzhou as a case, field investigations and analyses of its current situation of inheritance have been conducted. It has been found that although the government in Guangzhou has been paying more attention to olive-stone carving, there are still many problems, including the shortage of raw materials, no inheritors, low market recognition, and inadequate promotion. Therefore, the local government has cooperated with schools and craftsmen to search for key solutions in regard to raw material protection, training of inheritors, product development, and product promotion.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE PROCESS OF IRON SAND PROCESSING INTO SPONGE IRON IN ORDER TO SUPPORT THE DEFENSE INDUSTRY OF STEEL RAW MATERIALS

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sovian Aritonang ◽  
Jupriyanto Jupriyanto ◽  
Riyadi Juhana
Keyword(s):  
Steel Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Sponge Iron ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
Iron Sponge ◽  
The Government

<p>The number of iron sand reserves is mostly spread in the coastal waters of Indonesia, from the coast of Sumatra, the southern of Java to Bali, the beaches of Sulawesi, beaches in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), and the northern coast of Papua. Total reserves for ore are 173,810,612 tons and metal as much as 25,412,652.62 tons. But its utilization was not optimal because PT. Krakatau Steel, and PT. Krakatau Posco has produced steel plates only 24,000 to 36,000 tons per year. While the need for steel plates for the shipping industry each year requires 900,000 tons per year. With the need for raw material for steel plates in the form of iron sponges with Fe ≥ 60%, PT. Krakatau Steel is still imported from abroad. The proof is PT. Krakatau Steel before and during the year 2000 still imported Iron Ore Pellets from the countries of Sweden, Chille and Brazil for 3,500,000 tons per year. This condition is the cause of the national steel industry unable to compete with the foreign steel industry because imported raw materials are subject to import duties. This is an opportunity to build a steel raw material company because all this time the steel raw material industry in Indonesia has only two companies. This condition encourages the manufacture of iron sponges, with the process of making iron sponges with technology adapted to installed production capacity. This study analysed the manufacture of iron sponges using Cipatujah iron sand, as raw material for the manufacture of iron sponges, with the results obtained in the form of iron sponges with the highest levels of Fe ≥60.44%. This can be used for the purposes of raw materials for steel making PT. Krakatau Steel (PT. KS), because so far PT. KS claims that Fe &lt;60% local sponge iron products. This can encourage the independence of steel raw materials, which impacts on the independence of the defence industry. But the government must also protect and prioritize steel raw materials for national production for national steel production. With the national government steel industry, the consortium of vendors supplying raw material (iron sponge) to maintain the quality and supply of continuous sponge iron.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: iron sand, iron pellet, iron sponge</p>

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON THE GOVERNMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF LESHAN GIANT BUDDHA AND MOUNT EMEI

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Xu . ◽  
Lishan .
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Management System ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Historical Evolution ◽  
Heritage Protection ◽  
Government Management ◽  
Local Government Management ◽  
The Government

Local governments play an indelible role in the process of world heritage protection. This paper attempts to explore the historical evolution of the development of Leshan Giant Buddha and Mount Emei and the current situation of local government management, so as to summarize some relevant experience of local government management for world heritage protection.

scholarly journals Dampak Kebijakan Tarif Impor Terhadap Ekonomi Kedelai Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Dona Wahyuning Laily ◽  
Ida Syamsu Roidah ◽  
Ika Purnamasari
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Home Industries

Soybean is the main crop of the palawija system which is commonly applied in Indonesia. In the national economic system, soybean is a commodity owning strategic values due to its ability to supply nutrients needed by the community and a source of income for farmers. Demand for soybean is likely to continue to increase in line with population growth, increase in per capita income, increase in public awareness of nutritional adequacy, and the development of livestock preparation and silage industries. Given the high trend of soybean demand in the future, efforts to increase domestic soybean production are becoming increasingly important. Meanwhile in the future, the policy to protect domestic soybean farmers will be limited due to the demands of free trade. Considering that soybean is consumed in the form of processed food, the increasing demand for soybeans in the future indicates that there will be more opportunities for the development of home industries to produce this food. The need for soybeans as raw material for agro-industry cannot currently be met by domestic soybean production, both in terms of quality and quantity. This causes the need for imported soybeans to be even greater. Domestic soybean production, both in quality and quantity, seems to be unable to meet the soybean needed for industrial raw materials, thus causing a higher tendency for imported soybean demand. Therefore, import tariff policies in the face of world trade liberalization must be regulated in such a way by taking into account the interests of producers, consumers, and the government. This policy is still needed in realizing the independence of export quality soybeans. Kedelai adalah tanaman utama Sistem Palawija yang umum diterapkan di Indonesia. Dalam sistem perekonomian nasional, kedelai menjadi komoditas yang memiliki nilai strategis karena memiliki kemampuan untuk memasok hara yang dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat dan merupakan sumber pendapatan bagi petani. Permintaan kedelai akan terus meningkat seiring dengan adanya peningkatan jumlah penduduk, pertambahan pendapatan perkapita tiap penduduk, meningkatnya kesadaran masyarakat akan gizi yang cukup, serta berkembangnya industri persiapan dan silase ternak. Melihat masih tingginya trend permintaan kedelai di masa datang, upaya peningkatan produksi kedelai di dalam negeri menjadi semakin penting. Sementara itu di masa depan kebijaksanaan untuk melindungi petani kedelai di dalam negeri semakin terbatas peluangnya karena tuntutan perdagangan bebas. Mengingat sebagaian besar kedelai dikonsumsi dalam bentuk bahan pangan olahan, meningkatnya permintaan kedelai di masa depan menunjukkan semakin terbukanya peluang pengembangan industri rumah tangga untuk memproduksi bahan pangan tersebut. Kebutuhan akan kedelai sebagai bahan baku agroindustri saat ini tidak dapat dipenuhi oleh produksi kedelai dalam negeri baik dari segi kualitas maupun kuantitas. Hal ini menyebabkan kebutuhan akan kedelai impor akan semakin besar. Kedelai yang dibutuhkan untuk bahan baku industri tampaknya tidak dapat dipenuhi oleh produksi kedelai dalam negeri, baik kualitas maupun kuantitasnya, sehingga menyebabkan kecenderungan permintaan kedelai impor semakin tinggi. Oleh karena itu, kebijakan tarif impor dalam menghadapi liberalisasi perdagangan dunia harus diatur sedemikian rupa dengan memperhatikan kepentingan produsen, konsumen, dan pemerintah. Kebijakan ini tetap diperlukan dalam mewujudkan kemandirian kedelai kualitas ekspor.

PROSPECT OF SEAWEED AS ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY RAW MATERIALS FOR PAPER INDUSTRY

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anny Kustantiny
Keyword(s):  
Red Algae ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Processing Technology ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Pulp Industry ◽  
Industry Research ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
The Government ◽  
Pulp Processing

Seaweed is a commodity which has great potency to be developed and commonly used in food and non-food industry, such as cosmetic and pharmaceutical. Currently, seaweed can also be utilized as raw material for pulp to support an environmental friendly paper industry. Research has been done by scientists from Korea who developed the processing technology of red algae by using extraction and bleaching process. The process is very simple, need less energy and environmental friendly chemical material. Red algae species which is used in this process is Gelidium amansii, which is very suitable for paper industry purposes and can be harvested in around 3 months, therefore this is different with wood pulp. There is a cooperation between Korea and Indonesiain producing Gelidium in Indonesia. This paper presents the assessment of red algae pulp processing technology and examines several matters that should be considered in developing red algae pulp industry in Indonesia. In term of resources, support from the government, universities and research institutions and acceptance of the industry.keywords : seaweed, red algae, extraction, paper, environment

The Perspectives of Islamic Law (Hadd Al-Syurb) on Aia Niro and Tuak (Khamr) Activities in Nagari Batu Payuang Halaban

Society ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-263
Author(s):  
Salma Salma ◽  
Robi Revianda ◽  
Taufik Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Community Group ◽  
Brown Sugar ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government

In Islamic law, khamr is a common type of alcoholic beverage that is forbidden for consumption due to its elements that can intoxicate and lead to loss of self-control. The government of Indonesia also forbids people from consuming the intoxicating beverage in certain levels. Nevertheless, a community group in Batu Payuang Halaban, Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia, wherein their daily lives can be found a type of traditional beverage as same as khamr that is a fermented juice of sugar palm bunches. The people call it “tuak”. This research aims to investigate how the people of Nagari Batu Payuang produce aia niro and tuak, their motives for buying, selling, and consuming the drink, and judging it from the perspective of Islamic law (hadd al-syurb). This type of research is field research with a qualitative approach. Data sources consisted of primary and secondary. The data collection was conducted by observing the process of producing aia niro, tuak, and the transaction, and in-depth interviews with owners of sugar palm plantation, tuak producers, buyers, sellers, consumers, and local ulama (Islamic scholars). The data were analyzed in descriptive by reduction, display, and verification. To examine this research, the theory used was the concept of hadd al-syurb in Islamic law and the regulation on alcoholic beverages in Indonesia. The results show that aia niro is produced by extracting the bunches of male sugar palm and it is the raw material to produce tuak by leaving the aia niro in jerry cans and adding agarwood bark for 3 days. The sellers have various reasons to sell tuak and its raw materials. Besides the price is higher than brown sugar, it is also motivated by personal and other economic reasons as well as easier processing. People who drink tuak realize that it is intoxicating in a certain amount but they drink it to warm their bodies and relieve their fatigues. In the concept of hadd al-syurb, consuming tuak as an intoxicating substance is haram (forbidden) and is condemned to those who drink it. However, they who trade it are not punished by hudud since the Sunna proposition only refers to the transaction as an act of curse.

scholarly journals PENTINGNYA PENGENDALIAN SUPPLY BAHAN BAKU DALAM AKTIVITAS PROSES PRODUKSI PADA RUMAH SUSTAINABLE ASSEMBLY PADA INDUSTRI RUMAH DI JABON SIDOARJO

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 246-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ennis Mufaridah ◽  
Fiskha Suhartini
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Economic Class

Home industry that has been the backbone of local government, always in galakkan to improve the dignity of society of lower economic class which generally become small business actor, in business activity important factor to be considered is controlling raw material, so easy to be controlled and not damaged then the amount of raw materials to be purchased in accordance with the needs, so that it can be minimized the amount of raw materials that tend to be damaged. Thus, raw materials purchased can be efficient for production process activities.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Pupuk Organik Cair sebagai Alternatif Pengendalian Biaya Produksi Petani

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 567
Author(s):  
Nurullaili Mauliddah ◽  
Asyidatur Rosmaniar
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Agricultural Area ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
The Government

ABSTRAK  Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan keterampilan menekan biaya produksi dan meningkatkan pendapatan petani sawi melalui penggunaan pupuk organik cair di Kelurahan Gunung Anyar Tambak Kecamatan Gunung Anyar Kota Surabaya. Pada masa pandemi covid 19 ini pasokan pupuk kimia tersendat dan mengakibatkan harga pupuk semakin mahal. Pada tahun 2010 pemerintah memunculkan wacana global untuk kembali ke alam (back to nature) di sektor pertanian, di antaranya dengan pemanfaatan bahan alam (bahan baku hayati). Untuk itu kegiatan ini memanfaatkan gulma yang terdapat diarea pertanian tumpang sari dimana area pertanian ini terdapat lahan untuk tanaman sawi, jeruk dan jambu kristal namun sebagian lagi merupakan area tambak ikan yang banyak terdapat gulma seperti kangkung liar dan buah yang sudah busuk. Dengan demikian, dilakukan pembuatan pupuk organik cair dengan menambahkan mikro organisme EM4 kepada bahan baku yaitu gulma. Diperoleh hasil bahwa penggunaan pupuk organik cair ini dapat menurunkan biaya produksi dan meningkatkan produktivitas sawi dan hasil pertanian lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara diperoleh adanya peningkatan pendapatan petani sebesar 22% dari penggunaan pupuk organik cair ini. Luaran dari kegiatan ini adalah produk berupa pupuk organik cair yang dibuat sendiri oleh peserta pelatihan dan meningkatkan motivasi para petani untuk mengembangkan secara mandiri alternatif pupuk organik sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Kata Kunci: Pupuk organik cair, biaya produksi, gulma ABSTRACT This service activity aims to provide skills training to reduce production costs and increase the income of mustard farmers through the use of liquid organic fertilizer in Gunung Anyar Tambak Village, Gunung Anyar District, Surabaya City. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the supply of chemical fertilizers stagnated and resulted in increasingly high fertilizer prices. In 2010 the government raised a global discourse to return to nature (back to nature) in the agricultural sector, including natural materials (biological raw materials). For this reason, this activity utilizes weeds found in the intercropping agricultural area. This agricultural area has land for mustard, citrus, and crystal guava plants but partly is a fish pond area with many weeds such as wild kale and rotten fruit. Thus, a liquid organic fertilizer was made by adding EM4 micro-organisms to the raw material, namely weeds. The results show that liquid organic fertilizer can reduce production costs and increase the productivity of mustard greens and other agricultural products. Based on the interview results, it was found that there was an increase in farmers' income by 22% from the use of this liquid organic fertilizer. The output of this activity is a product in the form of liquid organic fertilizer, which is made by the trainees themselves and increases the motivation of the farmers to develop alternative organic fertilizers according to their needs independently. Keywords: Liquid organic fertilizer, production costs, weeds

Leveraging Production Waste Streams: Enablers of Successful By-Product Exchange—An Exploratory Study

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor Gyles ◽  
Alicia Mruthyunjaya ◽  
Franley Sanchez ◽  
Jerry Valentino ◽  
Marcos Esterman
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Production Waste ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
By Products ◽  
Material Extraction

As the topic of sustainability continues to gain momentum, companies are seeking ways to integrate environmental solutions into their product development process. Decisions made throughout the product development process affect the sustainability of the product from raw material extraction, to production process impacts, to end of life disposal. One such impact is the generation of waste by-products. By utilizing waste as raw materials, companies can continue to cycle technical and biological nutrients thus minimizing the scatter of waste to the natural environment. The focus of this research is to explore the enablers and barriers to utilizing waste streams as raw materials. Using a qualitative approach, nine different organizations from four companies crossing over multiple industries are studied. Key characteristics of production waste that enable successful by-product exchanges are identified, as well as the role the product development process needs to play in creating value from exchanges.

scholarly journals Technology of integrated processing of fruit raw material in the small enterprise setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01045
Author(s):  
Tatyana Krapiva ◽  
Larisa Mayurnikova ◽  
Arkadiy Koksharov ◽  
Sergey Novoselov ◽  
Galina Gubanenko
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Small Enterprise ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Integrated Processing ◽  
The Government

The scientific and technological development of Russia is aimed at food security and food independence of the country. The problem is solved by using local raw materials, as well. Of high priority is the creation of food products with the pre-set functional properties. The government provides grant support for the projects and scientific programs of innovation activities. The challenge consists in rapid transition from the research results to their implementation. The task is effectively solved within the frames of R&D innovative projects in the system: “science and education – production –- market”. The specific features of growing and harvesting plant raw materials lie in their season character and a small scale. It actualizes its processing with the purpose of obtaining new food products in the small enterprise setting. The research on the technology of integrated processing of high cranberry was done. It involved whole berries pre-drying, cutting and further use of powder-like mixture in the syrup preparation. Modes and parameters for high cranberry drying are brought out: temperature 80ºC, time period – 72 hours with purification intensity of 30% of air volume an hour; kibbling of dry berries to powdery condition with the particle size of 0.001 mm. Rational technological modes and parameters for ready-made syrup are established: mass fraction of sugar syrup dry substances – 55%; the proportion “sugar syrup: high cranberry powder” in the recipe is 10:1.15; syrup cooking time – 30 minutes. Comparative analysis of nutritional value of fresh and dried high cranberry was carried out. The research has shown a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the latter, that proves the practicability of high cranberry integrated processing.

scholarly journals Utilization of Electronic Waste for Energy-saving Lamp Circuits

2021 ◽  
Vol 2111 (1) ◽  
pp. 012021
Author(s):  
Zamtinah ◽  
I Mustaqim ◽  
HS Pramono
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Initial Product ◽  
Used Goods

Abstract Indonesia is one of the largest electronic consumer countries in the world. The negative impact unless the increase in the use of electrical energy, there is also an increase in electronic waste or e-waste. If electronic waste (e-waste) is not managed properly, it will cause its own problems, especially environmental health problems. One alternative to overcome these problems is the use of e-waste as a raw material for a series of Waste-Based Energy Saving Lamps, abbreviated as SLHE BBL. This study aims to develop SLHE BBL prototypes base on electric and electronics waste, and test the performance of SLHE BBL prototypes. The SLHE BBL method developed by research and development adapted from Borg & Gall with the following stages: First, needs analysis and product planning; Second: Initial product development, validation and initial product revision. Third: Product development, testing, product revision. Fourth: Finalization dan Dissemination. The research instrument consisted of an observation sheet, luxmeter, voltmeter, ammeter, multimeter, watt meter. The collected data was then analyzed quantitatively and descriptively. The results of the research are as follows: 1) waste that can be recycled into raw materials for SLHE BBL include: resistors, capacitors, LED lights on computer mice or electronic component indicators, used goods casings, adapters, diodes, cables, TV’s control remote; 2) Electrical and mechanical design of SLHE BBL can be assembled into prototype of SLHE BBL; 3) The performance of the SLHE BBL prototype is that the lamp can be adjusted in colour and light intensity; the measured electrical parameters are within the range in accordance with the provisions of electrical standards such as Perasyaratan Umum Instalasi Lstrik (PUIL), International Electrical Commisionin (IEC), or National Electrical Code (NEC)

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