scholarly journals Behavioural and emotional symptoms among schoolchildren: a comparison between Jordanians and Syrian refugees

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Othman B. Yonis ◽  
Yousef Khader ◽  
Abdel-Hameed Al-Mistarehi ◽  
Sara A. Khudair ◽  
Mourad Dawoud
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Peer Relationship ◽  
Mental Health Needs ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties

Background: There is a high prevalence of mental illness, including depression, anxiety, nicotine dependence, and sleep disorders among Jordanian adolescents and schoolchildren. There are many young Syrian refugees in Jordan, who have an increased risk of physical and psychological illnesses. Aim: To assess the behavioural and emotional symptoms among Syrian schoolchildren refugees in Jordan and their Jordanian counterparts. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted from October to December 2018 on Syrian and Jordanian schoolchildren, aged 12–17 years, attending the same schools in 4 cities with the highest density of Syrian refugees. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect information about sociodemographic characteristics. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was used to measure behavioural and emotional symptoms. Results: This study included 1877 Jordanian schoolchildren and 1768 Syrian schoolchildren refugees. The Syrian children’s parents were significantly less educated and had significantly lower incomes and larger families than Jordanian parents had. The total difficulties and peer relationship problems were abnormally high in more than half of children. Compared to Jordanians, Syrian schoolchildren had more total difficulties (58.2% vs 52.5%), and peer relationship (55.5 vs 53.6%), conduct (47.6% vs 44.8%), and emotional problems (32.0% vs 30.8%), but they had fewer hyperactivity/inattention problems (35.5% vs 36.9%), and prosocial behaviour problems (42.5% vs 43.0%). In binary logistic regression, Syrian were more likely than Jordanian schoolchildren to experience overall difficulties and emotional symptoms. Conclusion: There were significant but unspoken behavioural and emotional symptoms and mental health needs among Syrian and Jordanian schoolchildren. They are all in need of urgent psychosocial support.

A Silenced Population

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 433-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Gryglewicz ◽  
Melanie Bozzay ◽  
Brittany Arthur-Jordon ◽  
Gabriela D. Romero ◽  
Melissa Witmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
At Risk Youth ◽  
Peer Relationship ◽  
Student Records ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Method Student

Abstract. Background: Given challenges that exceed the normal developmental requirements of adolescence, deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) youth are believed to be at elevated risk for engaging in suicide-related behavior (SRB). Unfortunately, little is known about the mechanisms that put these youth potentially at risk. Aims: To determine whether peer relationship difficulties are related to increased risk of SRB in DHH youth. Method: Student records (n = 74) were retrieved from an accredited educational center for deaf and blind students in the United States. Results: Peer relationship difficulties were found to be significantly associated with engagement in SRB but not when accounting for depressive symptomatology. Limitations: The restricted sample limits generalizability. Conclusions regarding risk causation cannot be made due to the cross-sectional nature of the study. Conclusion: These results suggest the need for future research that examines the mechanisms of the relationship between peer relationship difficulties, depression, and suicide risk in DHH youth and potential preventive interventions to ameliorate the risks for these at-risk youth.

Prevalence of comorbidities and evaluation of their screening in spondyloarthritis: results of the international cross-sectional ASAS-COMOSPA study

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1016-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Moltó ◽  
Adrien Etcheto ◽  
Désirée van der Heijde ◽  
Robert Landewé ◽  
Filip van den Bosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gastroduodenal Ulcer ◽  
International Study ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unknown Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Cholesterol Measurement

BackgroundIncreased risk of some comorbidities has been reported in spondyloarthritis (SpA). Recommendations for detection/management of some of these comorbidities have been proposed, and it is known that a gap exists between these and their implementation in practice.ObjectiveTo evaluate (1) the prevalence of comorbidities and risk factors in different countries worldwide, (2) the gap between available recommendations and daily practice for management of these comorbidities and (3) the prevalence of previously unknown risk factors detected as a result of the present initiative.MethodsCross-sectional international study with 22 participating countries (from four continents), including 3984 patients with SpA according to the rheumatologist.Statistical analysisThe prevalence of comorbidities (cardiovascular, infection, cancer, osteoporosis and gastrointestinal) and risk factors; percentage of patients optimally monitored for comorbidities according to available recommendations and percentage of patients for whom a risk factor was detected due to this study.ResultsThe most frequent comorbidities were osteoporosis (13%) and gastroduodenal ulcer (11%). The most frequent risk factors were hypertension (34%), smoking (29%) and hypercholesterolaemia (27%). Substantial intercountry variability was observed for screening of comorbidities (eg, for LDL cholesterol measurement: from 8% (Taiwan) to 98% (Germany)). Systematic evaluation (eg, blood pressure (BP), cholesterol) during this study unveiled previously unknown risk factors (eg, elevated BP (14%)), emphasising the suboptimal monitoring of comorbidities.ConclusionsA high prevalence of comorbidities in SpA has been shown. Rigorous application of systematic evaluation of comorbidities may permit earlier detection, which may ultimately result in an improved outcome of patients with SpA.

Predictive factors and psychosocial effects of Internet addictive behaviors in Cypriot adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Critselis ◽  
Mari Janikian ◽  
Noni Paleomilitou ◽  
Despoina Oikonomou ◽  
Marios Kassinopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peer Relations ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Social Maladjustment ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Psychosocial Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties

Abstract Background: Internet addictive behaviors are associated with a plethora of psychosocial adversities. The study objectives were to assess the determinants and psychosocial correlates associated with Internet addictive behaviors among adolescents. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study design was applied among a random sample (n=805) of Cypriot adolescents (mean age: 14.7 years). Self-completed questionnaires, including Internet use characteristics, Young Internet Addiction Test, and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, were utilized. Results: Among the study population, the prevalence rates of borderline addictive Internet use (BIU) and addictive Internet use (AIU) were 18.4% and 2%, respectively. Adolescents with BIU had an increased likelihood of concomitantly presenting with abnormal peer relations (AOR: 5.28; 95% confidence interval, CI: 3.37–23.38), conduct problems (AOR: 4.77; 95% CI: 2.82–8.08), hyperactivity (AOR: 5.58; 95% CI: 2.58–12.10) and emotional symptoms (AOR: 2.85; 95% CI: 1.53–5.32). Adolescent AIU was significantly associated with abnormal conduct (AOR: 22.31; 95% CI: 6.90–72.19), peer problems (AOR: 7.14; 95% CI: 1.36–37.50), emotional symptoms (AOR: 19.06; 95% 6.06–60.61), and hyperactivity (AOR: 9.49, 95% CI: 1.87–48.19). The determinants of BIU and AIU included accessing the Internet for the purposes of retrieving sexual information (AOR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.17–3.23) and participating in games with monetary awards (AOR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.15–3.14). Conclusions: Both BIU and AIU were adversely associated with notable behavioral and social maladjustment among adolescents.

scholarly journals Emotional and behavioral problems: a school-based study in southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suelen de Lima Bach ◽  
Mariane Lopez Molina ◽  
Paulinia Leal do Amaral ◽  
Amanda Neumann Reyes ◽  
Karen Jansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Emotional And Behavioral Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mental Health Assessment ◽  
School Based ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties

Abstract Introduction Mental health assessment in childhood needs to be carried out within a broader context that includes different factors. Objective To assess the prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems in schoolchildren and associated factors. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted with a school-based sample at 20 schools selected by systematic random sampling. Participants consisted of children aged 7-8 year old and their parents or primary caregivers. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to screen for the presence of emotional and behavioral problems in children. Results A total of 596 dyads were evaluated. The prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems was 30.0% among boys and 28.2% among girls. Hyperactivity/inattention were more prevalent among boys (p=0.015). Belonging to economically disadvantaged strata increased the likelihood of emotional and behavioral problems among schoolchildren by 71% (p=0.001), while having parents or caregivers with mental disorder increased by 2.2 times that probability (p<0.001). Conclusion: Our findings showed a high prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems among schoolchildren, as well as the influence of economic conditions and of the mental health of parents and caregivers on child mental health.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Relationship Between Postpartum-Specific Anxiety and Maternal Attachment and Affecting Factors in a Turkish Sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-226
Author(s):  
Songul Duran ◽  
Serap Kaynak
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Maternal Attachment ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Postpartum Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Aim: Postpartum-specific anxiety is associated with impaired mother-infant attachment, postpartum depression, reduced probability of breastfeeding, increased risk of infant abuse, and increased probability of anxiety in children and may lead to psychological, cognitive, and psycho-motor disorders in child development. This descriptive and cross-sectional study aims to determine the effect of anxiety level in the postpartum period in women on maternal attachment. Methods: The participants were 384 postpartum women who have a 1-3-month old baby. Data were collected using a personal information form, Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale, and Maternal Attachment Inventory. Results: It was found that the Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale in women was at a medium level, while maternal attachment was at a high level. While the Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale was at higher levels in those who were younger, unemployed, and had no other children, the younger age of the partner increased the Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale score. No statistically significant relationship was found between Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale and maternal attachment. Conclusion: It is seen that to evaluate women in terms of anxiety in the postpartum period and to provide the necessary psychosocial support is necessary. The fact that maternal attachment in women was high may have had a positive effect on her relationship with postpartum anxiety. Keywords: postpartum, anxiety, children, bonding

Risk Factors for Post–Open-Globe Injury Endophthalmitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 353-359
Author(s):  
Aditya Uppuluri ◽  
Marco A. Zarbin ◽  
Neelakshi Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
National Inpatient Sample ◽  
Open Globe Injury ◽  
Adult Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Open Globe

Purpose: The objective of our project is to use the National Inpatient Sample Database to identify risk factors for endophthalmitis in cases of open-globe injury (OGI). Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study of 48 627 cases of OGI from the National Inpatient Sample Database. We performed regression analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics 23. Codes from the International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision were used to identify ocular findings and conditions. Variables with P values less than .05 on univariate analysis were included in the multivariable regression model; Bonferroni correction was applied to these results. Results: Of the 48 627 cases of OGI, 37 440 (77.0%) occurred in the adult group (21 years and older). Overall, 1018 (2.1%) cases developed posttraumatic endophthalmitis, with 74.5% cases in the adult group. Endophthalmitis developed in 293 (4.5%) eyes with an intraocular foreign body (IOFB). Results of binary logistic regression showed the clinical findings of traumatic cataracts, hypopyon, vitreous inflammation, corneal ulcers, or IOFBs were associated with an increased risk of developing endophthalmitis after OGI. Conversely, orbital fractures, rupture-type injuries, and intraocular tissue prolapse were associated with a decreased likelihood of being diagnosed with endophthalmitis. Conclusions: Endophthalmitis developed in 2.4% of pediatric OGIs and 2.0% of adult OGIs. Traumatic cataract, hypopyon, vitreous inflammation, corneal ulcer, keratitis, retinal detachment, IOFB, and diabetes increased the risk of post-open-globe endophthalmitis.

scholarly journals The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on parents’ behavior toward scheduled pediatric vaccinations in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (08) ◽  
pp. 1054-1058
Author(s):  
Abdullah Saleh Al-Nafeesah ◽  
Abdullah Saleh Aldamigh ◽  
Basel Abdulrahman Almansoor ◽  
Osama Al-Wutayd ◽  
Ashwaq Ahmed AlE'ed
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by a newly discovered coronavirus and has resulted in a global pandemic. The World Health Organization recommended avoiding any delay or disruption of immunization services, as this could result in increases in outbreak-prone vaccine-preventable diseases. This study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on parents’ behaviour towards their children’s scheduled vaccinations. Methodology: This web-based cross-sectional study recruited 1,143 parents/guardians of children below six years of age living in Saudi Arabia between May 1 and May 30, 2020 via social media platforms. A self-developed online questionnaire consisting of eight items was used. Simple and multiple binary logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with vaccine delay during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The parents/guardians were aged 20–60 years; 82% were aged between 20 and 39 years. It was found that 26% of parents did not vaccinate their children on time according to the national immunization schedule in regular situations, and 38% of parents reported delaying vaccination due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The multiple logistic regression analysis found that having two or more children, living in Riyadh or the Western region or not vaccinating children during regular situations were associated with an increased risk of vaccine delay during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: Delaying children’s vaccinations during the COVID-19 pandemic was influenced most by living in regions with high COVID-19 prevalence and having two or more children.

scholarly journals Hydration status and hypertension in University workers

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Padrão ◽  
P Moreira ◽  
T Silva-Santos ◽  
S Abreu ◽  
O Pinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Vascular function and blood pressure regulation may be impaired by acute hypohydration but data on the association between hypertension and hydration status is scarce. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the hydration status in a sample of university workers and to assess the association between hypertension and hydration status. Methods A cross-sectional evaluation of a sample of 60 university workers (32 women) was conducted in 2019/2020 in Portugal. A 24-hour urine sample was collected; urinary volume, creatinine and osmolality were quantified. Free water reserve (FWR) was used to assess hydration status and subjects were classified as hypohydrated (FWR&lt;0) or euhydrated (FWR &gt; =0). Arterial blood pressure was evaluated [average of 2 blood pressure (BP) measurements] by researchers using standard methodology and participants with systolic and diastolic blood pressure ≥130 mm Hg and/or ≥80 mm Hg, respectively, were classified as hypertensive. A binary logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between hypohydration and hypertension, adjusting for sex, age and use of anti-hypertensive drugs. Odds Ratios (OR) and respective 95% Confidence Intervals (95%CI) were calculated. Results Hypertension was observed in 40.6% of women and 67.9% of men whereas hypohydration affected 31.3% of women and 32.1% of men. After adjusting for confounders, hypertension was associated with a 7-fold increased risk of hypohydration (OR = 7.56; 95% CI: 1.81-31.59). Conclusions These results stress the positive association between hypohydration and hypertension and highlight the need for implementing strategies for the promotion of water intake, particularly in the hypertensive patients. This project was granted by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - Grant POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029269. Key messages Hypohydration affect nearly one third of this sample of university workers. Hypertension was associated with a 7-fold increased risk of hypohydration.

scholarly journals Men's Bones Matter Too, a Cross Sectional Study Examining Bone Health among Men with Intellectual Disability in Ireland.

2021 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Éilish A Burke ◽  
◽  
Rachael Carroll ◽  
Angela W. Ding ◽  
Melisa Yaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Ethical Approval

Globally between 30-40% of all osteoporotic fractures occur among men, with a quarter of all hip fractures, the most serious complication of osteoporosis, occurring in men. Among men of 50 years of age or older, osteoporotic fracture risk reaches an alarming 20%. What is of great concern is that associated mortality is greater among men when compared with women. For hip fractures specifically, mortality for men is two to three times that in women which may be attributed to the fact that osteoporosis is often considered a “women’s disease”. Of great concern is that there is a paucity of bone health investigation among men with intellectual disability. In the Intellectual Disability Supplement to The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, objective bone status of 244 men was measured using a quantitative ultrasound. Participant’s also self-reported doctor’s diagnosis of health conditions including osteoporosis, medication and fracture history with the assistance of key workers/family. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Faculty of Health Sciences Trinity College and all participating service providers. Overall, 70.9% of men presented with poor bone health, with 57.8% taking at least one medication that contributed to osteoporosis/osteopenia. Men had a high prevalence of fracture (21.7%) despite this less than 18% had attended bone health screening. In light of these findings, it is time for the spotlight to focus on men’s bone health and for healthcare professionals to realise how ‘at risk’ of osteoporosis are men with intellectual disability. Projections place men on a trajectory of continuous increased risk of fracture in comparison to women.

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