The Scientific and Technological Policy of the EU and Prospects of Its Adaptation to the EAEU Practices

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
V. N. Mironova
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
European Experience ◽  
Technological Cooperation ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
Innovation Policies ◽  
The Eu

The subject of the research is the scientific and technological cooperation of countries within the framework of an integration association based on the EU case study. The purpose of the research was to identify the main vectors of the coordinated scientific and technological policy of the EU with a focus on the feasibility of its application to the EAEU practices to enhance business activities of enterprises in solving their own tasks. The experience of the EU countries in the implementation of scientific, technological and innovation policies made it possible to formulate a number of principles, methods and tools that can be used in the EAEU practices. It is concluded that in terms of the achievements considered herein, the foreign practice can be useful taking into account challenges faced by countries and companies when solving common problems, and will help avoid errors in making decisions. Based on the European experience of shaping a general scientific, technological and innovation policy, it is proposed to apply the EU experience to the practical activities of the EAEU member states.

scholarly journals Spin Offs activities and Technology Commercialization Policy at European Universities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Lekashvili ◽  
Mariam Bitsadze
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Commercial Sector ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
European Universities ◽  
European Experience ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University ◽  
Innovation Policies

In the modern world, the goals of higher education - the implementation of teaching and research – added economic development through the technology which is the result of university research. These are among the issues that are actively discussed by development-oriented economies today. The subject of this paper is the innovation policy of universities. Based on the case-study method, the European experience in the formation of a university spin-off company and the main features of the commercialization of university technology are analyzed. The research revealed the main measures of the innovation strategy of the universities, which promote the strong cooperation between the university, the state and the commercial sector. The results of the study can be used in the development and implementation of successful national and university innovation policies.

NATIONAL, REGIONAL AND SUPRANATIONAL COORDINATION OF THE REGIONAL INNOVATION POLICY IN THE EU COUNTRIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-23
Author(s):  
Ramaz Abesadze ◽  
Vakhtang Burduli
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Coordination Mechanisms ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Regional Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation Policies ◽  
The Eu

The initial prerequisites for the formation of regional innovation policies and mechanisms (strategies and instru-ments) for its coordination at the national, regional and supranational levels, mainly in the EU countries, are systematized and justified in the article. It is shown that at all three levels of coordination, mostly joint tools for coordination of industrial and innovation policies are used. The national and regional levels of coordination of industrial and innovation policies in France and South Korea, that have successfully reformed the coordination mechanisms of these policies, has been thoroughly explored. Mechanisms for coordination of the supranational regional industrial and innovation policies of the EU have also been systematically investigated.

European experience in transition to circular economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Ratner
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
National Level ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
European Experience ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Eu

Subject. The article considers the concept of circular economy, which has originated relatively recently in the academic literature, and is now increasingly recognized in many countries at the national level. In the European Union, the transition to circular economy is viewed as an opportunity to improve competitiveness of the European Union, protect businesses from resource shortages and fluctuating prices for raw materials and supplies, and a way to increase employment and innovation. Objectives. The aim of the study is to analyze the incentives developed by the European Commission for moving to circular economy, and to assess their effectiveness on the basis of statistical analysis. Methods. I employ general scientific methods of research. Results. The analysis of the EU Action Plan for the Circular Economy enabled to conclude that the results of the recent research in circular economy barriers, eco-innovation, technology and infrastructure were successfully integrated into the framework of this document. Understanding the root causes holding back the circular economy development and the balanced combination of economic and administrative incentives strengthened the Action Plan, and it contributed to the circular economy development in the EU. Conclusions. The measures to stimulate the development of the circular economy proposed in the European Action Plan can be viewed as a prototype for designing similar strategies in other countries, including Russia. Meanwhile, a more detailed analysis of barriers to the circular economy at the level of individual countries and regions is needed.

scholarly journals Economic prospects for cooperation the European Union and Ukraine in the use of blockchain technologies

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Traditional Management ◽  
Enterprise Technology ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Eu

The article is devoted to the research of the possibilities of cooperation between the European Union (EU) and Ukraine in the use of blockchain technologies. The transition to the blockchain allows to minimise costs and maximise the results of economic activity. The experience of using blockchain technologies by world corporations is analysed. The subject of the research in the article is the potential of economic cooperation between the EU and Ukraine in the field of implementation and use of blockchain technologies. The purpose of the article is to find out the economic prospects of cooperation between the EU and Ukraine in the use of blockchain technologies. Tasks: researching of tendencies of development of blockchain technologies and possible variants of their implantation in activity of the Ukraine’s enterprises, searching for benefits from cooperation between Ukraine and the EU in the field of use of blockchain technologies. General scientific used research methods: analysis – to determine the peculiarities of the use of blockchain technologies in the EU, synthesis – to find opportunities for cooperation between Ukraine and the EU in the use of blockchain technologies. The obtained results: based on the analysis of the dynamics of changes in the field of enterprise technology, problematic aspects are identified and the main advantages of the transition from the traditional management model to blockchain platforms are identified, and the economic benefits of locating mining farms in Ukraine compared to some EU countries are calculated. Conclusions: using of blockchain technologies by modern enterprises gives them a number of competitive advantages, including saving on labor costs, increased information security, reduced costs for quality control of products/services, etc. Blockchain allows to promote more sustainable cooperation between EU and Ukrainian companies not only in trade, but also in industry, finance and energy. By implementing joint blockchain systems with the EU, Ukraine can provide mining with low costs for electricity and wages.

scholarly journals Practical Fire Safety Assessment of Steel-beam Floors Made According to the Old Technologies – an Exemplary Case Study. Influence of the Initial Assumptions on the Final Results of Analyses

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel Artur Krol
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Steel Beam ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Standard Fire ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Technical Features ◽  
The Eu

The purpose of this article is to present procedures and methodsfor assessing fire resistance of steel-beam floors with thejoists hidden within the thickness of the slab. These technologiesare currently experiencing their renaissance, both in contemporarilydesigned buildings and the existing ones, subjectedto comprehensive redevelopment, refurbishment or modernization.Due to their simplicity and ease of execution, these floorsare just perfect as technology ideal for repairs or alterations ofbuildings under use or in the case of need of complete replacementof existing floors with new ones. These arguments justifythe need to raise the subject of proper safety assessment of thesefloors in relation to the regulations and requirements of lawsapplicable in the EU and pursuant to provisions of the latestcodes for structural design. A significant part of the study consistsof a suggestive computational example, which is a sort ofguide, in which the author, by making detailed step-by-step calculationsproduces a finished pattern of procedure, intended formultiple use. The suggested method of procedure can be successfullyused in the assessment of the fire resistance of floorstructures with similar technical features. The computationalexample presented in the study shows that contrary to a popularbelief, the use of standard fire model does not always leadto conservative estimates. In the article summary, the authorformulates a number of practical applications and conclusions.

scholarly journals MAIN SCHEMES AND DIRECTIONS OF REGULATION OF RECREATION AND TOURISM SPHERE IN THE EU COUNTRIES

2017 ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Vasyl Semenov ◽  
Aisha Nabiieva
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
The State ◽  
Recreation Management ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Organizational Mechanism ◽  
European Experience ◽  
Recreation And Tourism ◽  
The Eu

The article examines the experience of the EU countries in the sphere of tourism and recreation management at the state and regional levels. According to the research, the models of tourism and recreation management are compiled. The European experience of using the organizational mechanism of public administration of the tourist and recreational sector development are analysed.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS ON THE EXAMPLE OF GERMANY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (22(50)) ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
Nadiia Antonenko
Keyword(s):  
Basic Element ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Reporting Standards ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Tax Payments ◽  
Practical Recommendations ◽  
The Eu

The purpose of the article is to study the experience of reflecting accounting processes in the documents of companies of the Federal Republic of Germany (Germany), which is a basic element in building a harmonized accounting system with EU countries. To achieve the above goal, the authors set a task to compare the characteristics of accounting in Germany and Ukraine, to determine the features of development and construction of a modern accounting system in Germany, to formulate practical recommendations for improving accounting processes in Ukraine. The object of research is the process of accounting in Germany and Ukraine. The subject of the study are the principles and methods of accounting in these countries. As Germany stands out among the EU countries with a clear formalized approach to the application of statutory accounting and reporting standards, the experience of reflecting accounting processes in the documents of enterprises and companies of this country is important for building a harmonized accounting system in Ukraine. The German accounting system uses the principle of obligation, the essence of which is as follows: the direct basis for calculating tax payments are accounting accounts. In the organization of accounting in Germany automated form of its maintenance such as specialized accounting programs are mainly used. One such program is the SAP program. Given that the principles and methods of accounting used in Germany and Ukraine are almost the same, except for the principle of obligation used in Germany, it is recommended to implement SAP as an automated accounting system everywhere in large and medium-sized enterprises in Ukraine.

scholarly journals Les miraculés a bierność edukacyjna i zawodowa młodych mieszkańców wsi – case study Polska i kraje UE = Les miraculés versus educationally and economically inactive young inhabitants of rural areas – case study of Poland and EU

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 139-155
Author(s):  
Anna Mijal
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Educational Biographies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Desk Research ◽  
The Eu

The level of education as a component of competence may play an important role in determining the chances of social and material success, as well as raising the living standards, forming conditions for economic growth. This finds its reflection in the EU strategic documents, which lays the foundations for opening a public debate. It is commonly accepted that the level of education stands behind the heritage and thus, a significant role is played by the parents’ educational lifelines. Population inhabiting rural areas is presented in the subject literature as a community usually more inclined towards ending their education as early as possible and displaying professional passivity. The aim of the article is to identify the scale of the phenomenon concerning professional and educational inactive young people aged 15–34 in Poland and in the EU (the so-called NEET – Not in Education, Employment, or Training), particularly in rural areas, in the context of rural inhabitants’ opinions, concerning the impact of education on their situation and expectations relating to the sphere of their children’s education. For the purpose of the study the non-reactive method of the existing data analysis (desk research) was used. Basing upon the study of the subject literature and analysis of articles provided by experts, information was collected on the essence of the NEET population and its subgroups. Reasons behind the educational and professional inactivity of the youth were identified. Reports published by the Eurostat, Poland’s statistics in form of Diagnoza społeczna 2015 results and reports by the Institute of Educational Studies comprised the source of information. For a relatively long time the possibility of social advancement owing to education remained within the reach of solely the most ambitious individuals who left the country as les miraculés or les héritiers – “heirs” equipped in culture capital, successors to family educational biographies. There appear substantial differences in this sphere between individual EU member states, which can reach several dozen percent. In the comparative analysis, the NEET population inhabiting rural areas of Poland comprised over 16% in 2008, almost 21% in 2013 and over 17% in 2017. The attempt of diagnosing poses a strategic challenge to the rural EU areas as regards the selection of appropriate solutions resulting from the specificity of the motives for belonging to the NEET group.

scholarly journals International experience and common errors in protecting of confidentiality, protection and use of CbC reporting information

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-159
Author(s):  
Nataliia CHUKHRAIEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Administrative Policy ◽  
Working Together ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
Confidentiality Protection

Within the OECD, where governments are working together to address important issues of globalization, efforts are also being made to help OECD member countries respond more quickly to new challenges, one of which is to ensure the confidentiality and proper use of information. The OECD provides governments with the opportunity to share experiences in implementing administrative policy, to seek answers to common problems, to identify best practices and to coordinate activities in the context of these issues. The study of issues related to ensuring confidentiality, protection and use of reporting information between countries (Country-by-country, hereinafter - CbC) in the article is considered from the standpoint of international experience, in the context of this issue. For Ukraine as a post-Soviet country, the study of relevant experience is presented by such countries as Georgia, Kazakhstan and Russia. The analysis of international experience in ensuring confidentiality and the appropriate level of protection of information that is the subject of exchange between OECD member countries as part of the implementation of the BEPS Action Plan. The research is based on a combination of general scientific methods, comparison methods and an empirical approach. A summary of the national regulations of the countries in question is made, which contain provisions on confidentiality, data protection and proper use of information Country-by-country reports. Based on the results of the study, it has been proven that different tax administrations should, in practice, have different approaches to ensure the required level of effective protection of confidentiality of country-by-country reports information and establish penalties for breach of confidentiality.

Upgrading Institutional Capacities in Innovation Policy in Chile: Choices, Design, and Assessments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caetano C. R Penna ◽  
Vanderléia Radaelli
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Shared Vision ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Case Study Design ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Two Sectors ◽  
Innovation Policies

Innovation is crucial for development. A set of institutional capacities and coordinated actions between the public and private sectors are required to drive large mission-oriented innovation policies (MOIPs) to address priority issues and set a direction for the path of development. This work identifies what restrictions exist in institutional and policy capacities that hinder the design and implementation of MOPs in Chile. This work is based on a case study design. The study analyzes the design and implementation of two strategic programs for innovation and development in the solar energy and mining sectors. The study showed that the capacities of the programs analyzed were evident in the construction of a shared vision and the identification of innovation-led solutions for the development of the two sectors, but the lack of leadership from the government hinders the implementation of the programs, particularly because of the lack of coordination between government agencies and ministries for budget allocation and strategy definition.

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