BIOLOGICAL WAYS OF INGRESING SOIL

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. P. Skorochkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Grain Crops

The article shows the sources of increasing soil fertility. To preserve soil fertility and ensure stable crop yields in conditions of insufficient use of organic fertilizers, it is advisable to use natural biological means. The most simple to use and low-cost are siderates and straw of grain crops.

scholarly journals Evaluation De La Performance Des Pratiques De Gestion De La Fertilite Des Sols Dans Le Bassin De La Riviere Okpara Au Benin

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (33) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
M.A. Akpo ◽  
A. Saidou ◽  
I. Balogoun ◽  
I. Yabi ◽  
L.B. Bio Bigou
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Soil Fertility Management ◽  
Fertility Management ◽  
Yield Level

A good management of agricultural land based on scientific knowledge and farmer indigenuous knowledge is necessary to ensure sustainable agricultural production. Our research aims to evaluate the performance of farmers' strategies and improved soil fertility management practices in improving level of crop yields in the basin of the Okpara River in Benin. Surveys using semi-structured questionnaire were conducted from October 11 to November 30, 2015 on a sample of 1048 farmers belonging to socio-cultural groups Tchabè, Mahi, Ditamari, Lokpa, Bariba and Fulani. Informations collected concerned farmers' soil fertility management practices and soil fertility improvement strategies introduced by the extension services. Crop rotation, long term natural fallow, fallow with perennial crops especially cashew trees, cassava "fallow" and cereal and leguminuous intercropping (respectively 91.11; 41.66; 48.53; 54.61 and 86.25% of respondents) are endogenous soil fertility management practices. However, mineral and organic fertilizers (respectively 25.45 and 20.38% of respondents) are improved soil fertility management practices introduced. Generally 42% of respondent mentioned that indigenuous soil fertility management practices could improve only by 25% crop (especially maize) yield level against 98.5% of respondents who mentioned that improved soil fertility management practices could improve by 50% of the crop yield level. Considering the efficiency of these soil fertility management practices our study suggests some issues to be taken into account for better land management in the study area.

scholarly journals Assessment of Factors that Limit Optimal Use of Organic Fertilizers in Subsistence Food Production in Vihiga County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
pp. 302-307
Author(s):  
Mary J. Kipsat ◽  
D. O. Osewe ◽  
Mose Phoebe Bwari
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Yields

In the face of skyrocketing prices of inorganic fertilizers, organic materials are considered the alternative sources of fertilizers. Research institutions have over the years succeeded in demonstrating high yield responses to recommended usage of organic fertilizers. Furthermore, organic fertilizer (biofertilizers) is a vital component of sustainable agriculture. The sound management of organic fertilization must attempt to ensure both an enhanced and safeguarded environment. Most Farmers in Vihiga County have adopted use of organic fertilizers. Despite this, crop yields remain low in farmers’ fields due to low soil fertility and inability of farmers to optimally use organic fertilizers. Researchers often use optimal organic materials recording high yields in experimental and farm demonstration fields. Little or no research has been done to determine why farmers still record low yields despite a lot of extension outreaches to promote available organic matter technology packages in the study area. This paper reports findings of a study carried out to determine factors that limit optimal use of organic fertilizer by farmers in Vihiga County, Kenya. The objective of the study was to compare organic fertilizer usage in farmers’ field with optimal (recommended) rates to determine if the usage were significantly different. This was aimed at providing advice based on empirical evidence to farmers on whether there is need to improve usages of organic fertilizer and to determine if low intensity of organic fertilizer was a possible cause of recorded low yields in farmers’ fields. Purposive sampling was used to select farmers who were using organic fertilizer for soil fertility. A total of 120 farmers were selected to provide data needed for the study. Primary data was collected using questionnaires and data was analyzed using descriptive statistic (t-test). The results of the analysis indicated a significant difference in the usage between what farmers applied and what was recommended by research. Usages of organic fertilizer among the sampled farmers were much lower than the recommended levels explaining the low maize yields among farmers in the study area. The study rejected the hypothesis that the farmers’ usages of organic fertilizer was not statistically significant different from that recommended by research institutions. This is because average usage of organic fertilizer of 320.3 kg/ha was significantly below those recommended by researcher of 5ton/ha (at 99% usage. Farmers must follow appropriate promoted technology recommendations. The study recommended promotion of organic fertilizer. Farmers should be sensitized on the need to bridge the gap between the current and the recommended usage for them to realize the benefits of organic fertilizer.

scholarly journals The Use of Peat Deposits of the Russian Federation for Organic Fertilizers Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 01015
Author(s):  
Oleg Misnikov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Peat Deposits ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Micro Elements

In agricultural production, soil fertility and the overall productivity of arable land depends on the quality and quantity of mineral and organic fertilizers. The decrease in the humus content in soil observed over the past decade requires a systematic use of various organic fertilizers. The use of peat-based fertilizers guarantees high and sustainable crop yields. Restoration of soil fertility should be carried out by organic fertilizers enriched with humic acids with physiologically active groups, free nitrogen-containing components, a complex of nutrients and micro elements. The author considers the possibility of using humus peat ameliorants for the restoration of disturbed lands and the increase of soil fertility. The production and use of peat-based organic fertilizers and ameliorants in various sectors of the economy is an incentive for the stable functioning of the peat business and a significant factor in the socio- economic development of the regions of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Influence of irrigation and fertilizer rate on changing the nutritional regime of mixed crops (sorghum and pea) soil on stubble

2021 ◽  
Vol 344 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-139
Author(s):  
E. R. Allahverdiyev ◽  
D. A. Isayeva
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Nutrient Regime ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Mixed Crops ◽  
Formation Phase

Relevance. The article quotes questions of the influence of fertilizer rates and the number of irrigations on the change in the nutrient regime of the soil when growing mixed crops of pea and sorgho in the conditions of the Karabakh zone of Azerbaijan. In this regard, one of the main issues considered was the development on a scientific and practical basis of the nature of changes in the nutrient regime of the soil and the effect of optimal fertilizer rates and the number of irrigations on crop yields in mixed crops in long-irrigated gray meadow soils.Methods. To study the effect of irrigation and fertilizer rates in mixed crops on changes in the nutrient regime of the soil, soil samples were taken from two soil layers (0-30 and 30-60 cm) after cutting. In the soil samples taken, compounds of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium that are readily absorbed by plants were analyzed.Results. Analysis of soil samples shows that the application of mineral and organic fertilizers against the background of different amounts of irrigation fundamentally affects the effective fertility of the soil. In general, in the phase of flowering and panicle formation under the influence of irrigation and fertilizers, effective soil fertility was observed compared to the control variant without fertilizing, which remained at a sufficient amount. And this indicates that the plant showed a high demand for this nutrient. The decrease in the number of nutrients in the panicle formation phase indicates its connection with the removal of high yields. Analysis of soil samples during the study shows that the introduction of mineral and organic fertilizers against a background of varying amounts of irrigation has fundamentally affected the effective soil fertility.

FERTILIZATION SYSTEM AS A WAY OF SOIL FERTILITY AND STABILIZATION OF FIELD CROP ROTATION PRODUCTIVENESS

1970 ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
V. T. Sinegovskaya ◽  
E. T. Naumchenko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Rotation System ◽  
Mobile Phosphorus ◽  
Crop Rotation System ◽  
Fertilizer System

The article presents the results of comparative evaluation of the efficiency of the long-term application of mineral and organic fertilizers in the crop rotation system. It was found that the application of the mineral fertilizer system increased the value of hydrolytic acidity of the soil from 4,30 to 5,29 mg-eq per 100 g of soil, the indicator of metabolic acidity decreased from 5,2 to 4,9 pH units. By the end of the 11th rotation for both fertilizer systems, the content of mobile phosphorus increased by more than 4 times relative to the initial value, its mobility indicator – by 2,2-3,2 times compared with the control. The use of the organo-mineral system was accompanied by an increase in the content of humus by 0,35 % and a decrease in the C:N ratio from 11,2 to 8,9. The increased productivity of wheat was revealed when applying nitrogen and nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers against the background of prolonged use of the mineral and organo-mineral fertilizer system. The change in wheat productivity by 56 % depended on the content of mineral nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, humus in the topsoil, and on the phosphate ion mobility. Soybean productivity depended on soil fertility indicators only by 24 %: the relationship between soybean productivity and the mineral forms of nitrogen and phosphorus is weak and direct, between productivity and P2O5 mobility - weak and inverse, with humus - moderate and direct.

Plantation Agriculture in the Tropics

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred E. Hartemink
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Fertility Decline ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Perennial Crops ◽  
Tropical Countries ◽  
Plantation Agriculture ◽  
National Economies

Plantation agriculture is more than 400 years old and contributes to the regional and national economies in many tropical countries. This paper reviews some of the main environmental issues related to plantation agriculture with perennial crops, including soil erosion, soil fertility decline, pollution, carbon sequestration and biodiversity. Soil erosion and soil fertility decline are of concern in some areas, but in most plantations these are being checked by cover crops and inorganic fertilizer applications. Few studies have been conducted on the issue of carbon sequestration under perennial plantation cropping. Reductions in deforestation yield much greater benefits for a reduction in CO2 emissions than expanding plantation agriculture. The biggest threat to biodiversity is the loss of habitat through expansion of the plantation area. Despite the environmental problems and concerns, this review has shown that crop yields of most perennial crops have increased over time due to improved crop husbandry including high-yielding cultivars and improved soil management. It is likely that more attention will be given to the environmental aspects of plantation cropping due to the increasing environmental awareness in tropical countries.

Methods for reducing the cost of production of commercial carp when feeding grain crops

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
G. E. Servetnik ◽  
E. V. Pishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Pond Aquaculture ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
Cereal Species ◽  
The Cost

Feeding is one of the main methods of intensification of agricultural fish farming. Based on FAO reports, the share of aquaculture products grown with feed is gradually increasing. In pond farms with medium and high degree of intensification, up to 80% of fish products are produced due to feeding. Moreover, in the structure of the cost of fish production, compound feeds account for up to half of the total costs, and in industrial aquaculture up to 65–70%. It is shown that it is Known that feeding and growing technology account for about 55% of the success rate of increasing fish productivity, while the genetic potential is only about 25%, and the share of veterinary and sanitary well-being of fish accounts for about 20%. In Russia and many other countries, cereals are used to reduce the cost of carp farming products, as a relatively cheap and affordable source of energy compared to granulated feed. The availability and low cost of such feed is of paramount importance in pond aquaculture and currently all cereal species are used for artificial feeding. Information about feeding carp with grain crops, as well as requirements for the quality and safety of feed is provided. It is indicated that feeding carp with whole grains is advisable if the natural food base is well developed. Traditional fish farming experience shows that feeding carp with whole wheat grain is advisable when the planting density of two-year-olds is up to 3.5 thousand / ha and mainly in August-September. Before eating fish, the grain must necessarily swell in water, otherwise it injures the intestines and is excreted from the digestive tract poorly digested.

Effiency of organic fertilizers for corn

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 72-74
Author(s):  
Nərgiz Musa qızı Nəsirli ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Natural System ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Technical Measures

Pollution of the environment with waste is the basis of the degradation of the natural system. To prevent this, it is necessary to protect natural resources as much as possible and organize the recycling of waste. Azerbaijan has sufficient resources to prepare organic fertilizers based on new technologies. The presented article discusses the damage caused to the environment by pollution of lands of Neftchala region. The need for agro-technical measures to restore such areas that have lost their fertility is emphasized. In landscaping research, it is recommended to grow soybeans on such lands and apply high doses of organic fertilizers to ensure their normal development. Key words: soil fertility, corn, nutrients, productivity, quality indicators

CHEMICAL AND ORGANIC FERTILIZERS AND THEIR RELATION TO GRASSLAND.

1934 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
J.A. Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Farm Animal ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Plant Food ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Animal Manures ◽  
Plant Life

A growing plant obtains energy from the sun's rays and fertility from the soil and transforms these raw materials into wholesome food for man and beast. Without plant food we cannot have plant life. . Withdrawals of soil fertility must be replenished. Farm animal manures, plant refuse, meat works manures and chemical fertilizers constitute the principal means used to offset these losses.

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