scholarly journals Effects of Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH-γ-Isomer, Lindane) Intoxication on the Proliferation and Apoptosis in Rat Testes

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayati Yuksel ◽  
Erkan Karadas ◽  
Hikmet Keles ◽  
Hasan Huseyin Demirel
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Proliferation And Apoptosis ◽  
Group A ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Group 1

In this study, experimentally lindane-induced histopathological changes and proliferation and/or apoptosis in germ cells in the rat testes were investigated. A total of 40 healthy fertile 3-month-old male rats were used. Animals were divided into 4 groups, each containing 10 rats. Group 1 (control) was given only pure olive oil, Groups 2, 3 and 4 were administered lindane at 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg/bw, respectively, by gastric gavage for 30 days. Microscopically, degenerative changes were observed in the lindane-treated groups. For proliferative activity PCNA immunolabelling and for germ cells apoptosis TUNEL methods were performed. Although a strong PCNA positivity in the control group was observed, a gradual decrease was noted in the lindane-treated groups especially at higher doses. Significant increases of apoptosis were seen in the lindane-treated groups compared to the control group. A decrease in testosterone concentrations was observed in lindane-treated groups compared to the control group. The study indicates that high-dose lindane intoxication contributes to the suppression of spermatogenesis through a reduction of germ cell proliferation and an increase of germ cell death in rat testes.

Influence of doxorubicin on lipid peroxidation and heart histology in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (31) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Джиоев ◽  
Inal Dzhioev ◽  
Джанаев ◽  
Robert Dzhanaev
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cardiovascular Toxicity ◽  
Anthracycline Antibiotic ◽  
Cross Striation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Experimental Group

Anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, which has proven cardiovascular toxicity, is often used in the treatment of cancer. The research project was carried out in 21 sexually mature Wistar male rats divided into three groups: control group, high-dose experimental group, in which rats were once injected intraperitoneally with doxorubicin hydrochloride at a dose of 10 mg/kg and low-dose experimental group, in which animals twice received intraperitoneal 2.5 mg/kg doses of doxorubicinhydrochloride at 10-day interval.An increase of malondialdehyde was revealed in the membranes of red blood cells in the high-dose experimental group, while in the low-dose experimental group a reduction in the levels of malondialdehyde and plasma hydroperoxides as well as a decreasing of catalase activity was observed. Intake of doxorubicin also causes venous hyperemia in wide areas of myocardiumalong with increasing of cardiomyocytic cross striation.

scholarly journals Lacticaseibacillus paracasei PS23 Effectively Modulates Gut Microbiota Composition and Improves Gastrointestinal Function in Aged SAMP8 Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1116
Author(s):  
Li-Han Chen ◽  
Ming-Fu Wang ◽  
Chun-Chao Chang ◽  
Shih-Yi Huang ◽  
Chun-Hsu Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Aged Mice ◽  
Intestine Length ◽  
Group A ◽  
Samp8 Mice ◽  
Group 1

Probiotics are reported to improve gastrointestinal (GI) function via regulating gut microbiota (GM). However, exactly how probiotics influence GM and GI function in elders is poorly characterized. Therefore, in this study, we assessed the effect of the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei PS23 (LPPS23) on the GM and GI function of aged mice. There were four groups of senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8 (SAMP8) mice (n = 4): a non-treated control group, a saline control group, a low dose LPPS23 group (1 × 108 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mouse/day), and a high dose LPPS23 group (1 × 109 CFU/mouse/day). Non-treated mice were euthanized at 16 weeks old, and others were euthanized at 28 weeks old. The next-generation sequencing results revealed that LPPS23 enriched Lactobacillus and Candidatus_Saccharimonas, while the abundance of Lachnospiraceae_UCG_001 decreased in aged mice given LPPS23. The abundance of Lactobacillus negatively correlated with the abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae. Moreover, LPPS23 improved the GI function of aged mice due to the longer intestine length, lower intestinal permeability, and higher phagocytosis in LPPS23-treated mice. The ELISA results showed that LPPS23 attenuated the alterations of pro-inflammatory factors and immunoglobulins. The abundance of LPPS23-enriched Lactobacillus was positively correlated with healthy GI function, while Lachnospiraceae_UCG_001, which was repressed by LPPS23, was negatively correlated with a healthy GI function in the aged mice according to Spearman’s correlation analysis. Taken together, LPPS23 can effectively modulate GM composition and improve GI function in aged SAMP8 mice.

scholarly journals A Comparative Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plants on Male Fertility Indices (Reproductive Hormones and Sperm Profile) of Albino Wistar Rats: An Animal Case Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Oliver E. Ngwu ◽  
J. I. Okoye
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Velvet Bean ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Group 1

The study aims to investigate the effects of the medicinal plants {seeds} on the  reproductive hormones and sperm profile of male albino rats to ascertain their possible usefulness  as  fertility agent. Walnuts [Tetracarpidium conophorum], Sesame (Sesamine indicum), and Velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens) seeds were obtained and taken to the Department of plant  Science and  Biotechnology, University of  Nigeria, Nsukka (UNN). The seeds were milled into fine powder. One hundred and ten sexually matured aibino rats of about twelve weeks weighing 130-180 g were divided into eleven groups (1-11) using completely randomized design. There were two different control groups and rats in group 1 served as the Control 1 and were fed with normal commercial feed. Rats in group 2 were administered with a drug (Ketoconazole) to induce infertility. The Infertility Induced groups were treated with low dose (groups 3-5), medium dose (groups 6-8) and  high dose (9-11) for the period of nine (9) weeks. At the end and testes and Epididymides were surgically removed and weighed. Blood  sample analysis revealed that the concentration of sex hormones  measured in the male rats fed with medium plants (seeds) showed that the testosterone concentration significanty increased (p<0.05) in animal control group 1(normal rats) Therefore,  these medicinal plants walnut seeds showed significant increase in their testosterone concentration, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) which significantly enhanced the production of reproductive hormones which enriched the fertility status of these animals.

Histomorphometric Alterations in Hepatic Tissue from Malathion-Induced Toxicity: An Experimental Animal Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 370-375
Author(s):  
Shazia Parveen Channar ◽  
Nasreen Qazi ◽  
Sajjad Ali Almani ◽  
Sehar Gul Memon ◽  
Mansoor Mukhtar Qazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Malathion, a widely used insecticide readily absorbed through skin and seriously affects different tissues and organs of the body. The main objective of this study was to compare the histomorphometric alterations resulting from hazardous effects of different doses of Malathion on hepatic tissue of male albino Wistar rats. Material and Methods: This animal experimental study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy and Postgraduate Research Laboratory at the Isra University, Hyderabad, Sindh Pakistan from February to July 2019. Thirty male albino Wistar rats between 250-300 grams weight were distributed equally into group A (control), group B (low-dose Malathion group; 27mg/kg 1/50 of LD50), and group C (high-dose Malathion group; 50mg/kg). Bodyweight of all rats was taken twice, before and after the experiment. The liver was dissected out, washed and weighed. Histopathological examination was done under the light microscope. Grading was done for severity in histopathological changes in each group. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Post-hoc Tukey test for comparison with the level of significance set at P-value ≤ .05. Results: Statistically significant (P < .05) decline in body weight was observed in groups B and C in comparison with group A. The relative weight of the liver was increased significantly (P < .05) in the experimental groups, when compared with the control group. Mild-to-moderate histopathological changes were observed in the low-dose Malathion group (Group B) while moderate-to-severe histopathological changes were demonstrated in the high-dose group (Group C). Conclusions: Malathion is a potent toxic pesticide and its exposure can exhibit damage to the hepatic tissues in a dose-dependent manner.

Pro-oxidant effects of a high α-tocopherol dose on kidney antioxidant biomarkers and histopathological aspects

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 179-190
Author(s):  
Amel Kanane ◽  
Fayrouz Rouaki ◽  
Mohamed Brahim Errahmani ◽  
Abdenour Laraba ◽  
Hayet Mesbah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Oxidant Effect ◽  
Higher Doses

Abstract. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of α-tocopherol supplementation at two doses (600 and 1200 mg × kg–1) on kidney antioxidant status and the histopathological changes in Wistar rats after 12 weeks of exposure at different diets. Forty rats has been divided into 4 groups of 10 rats each, the control group received basal diet with 5 % fresh sunflower oil (FSO), the second group: 5 % oxidized sunflower oil (OSO), the third group: 5 % OSO supplemented with 600 mg × kg–1 α-tocopherol and the fourth group: 5 % OSO supplemented with 1200 mg × kg–1 α-tocopherol. In OSO groups, the results showed highly significant increases of LPO (from 31.3 ± 0.9 to 53.8 ± 1.2 nmol of MDA formed/min/mg protein, p < 0.0001) with a significant decrease (p < = 0.001) of the antioxidant enzymatic activities (CAT, SOD, GPX, GR and G6PDH), body weight (339 ± 9 to 290 ± 3 g) and α-tocopherol levels (13.6 ± 0.6 to 6.5 ± 0.4 μg/mg protein). In OSO groups with 600 mg × kg–1 α-tocopherol, an antioxidant effect was found, reflected by a return of the parameters to values similar to those of the control group. However, higher doses of α-tocopherol (1200 mg × kg–1) induced a depletion of antioxidant status, α-tocopherol levels (6.0 ± 0.3 μg/mg protein, p < 0.001) and a very highly significant rise (p < 0.0001) of LPO content (54.86 ± 0.01 nmol of MDA formed/min/mg protein). The kidney tissues also showed changes in glomerular, severe inflammatory cells infiltration, and formation of novel vessels. So, we can conclude that the oxidative stress is attenuated by a moderate administration of 600 mg × kg–1 α-tocopherol, while a pro-oxidant effect occurs at 1200 mg × kg–1 α-tocopherol.

Employing Gamma Ray Irradiated Giardia lamblia as Trialed Vaccine in Experimental Animal

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Kamil Abdul Sada ◽  
Amany Mohamed Al-Kaysi
Keyword(s):  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Gamma Irradiated

This is an experimental trial to prepare a vaccine from gamma-irradiated Giardia lamblia which is evaluated in experimental animals. The study was conducted from December 2015 to April 2016. The field survey of the parasite was conducted from those patients attending the laboratories of the Alawi Children's Hospital in Rusafa and the Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Karkh, through which 1250 stool samples of different age groups were examined. Five groups of mice were used in the study; the first was injected with normal saline and considered as a negative control group, the second was injected with cystic form of non-irradiated Giardia lamblia and considered as a positive control group, whereas the other three groups were injected with gamma irradiated Giardia lamblia at three different doses 10, 15 and 25 rad respectively. Giardia lamblia was primarily cultivated in liver infusion agar for ten days to obtain the active phase. On the sixth day, the cystic phase was purified and standardized to be used in the infection of mice with or without the exposure of gamma rays. Mice showed high sensitivity to parasitic infestation, in the gamma non-irradiated and the irradiated with gamma 10 rad, and 15 rad irradiated groups which was 100%. The results expressed an excystation process of the depleted phases and the release of the feeder phases. The results of the three irradiated groups consisted of histopathological changes of the small, and the rectum by dissection after two weeks of infection, with intestine amputation lesions, as well as ulceration and inflammation of the inflammatory cells represented in small numbers of neutrophil, lymphocytes, and eosinophils. The presence of ulceration and fall of epithelial cells in the intestinal cavity has been shown, and different forms of the parasite have been observed. Mice which was injected with irradiated G lamblia at high dose (25 rad), not show and sensitivity to the challenge infection and no excystation of thy parasite had been done. After 2 wreaks, a comparison was achieved between all study groups in which no histopathological changes were noticed in the mice irradiated with dose of25 rad. After another two weeks, a challenge dose was given (un-attenuated G lamblia) and mice were dissected after another two weeks, no changes on the level of histopathology of intestinal tissue were noticed the results suggested that mice acquire an immunity against the parasite infection.

scholarly journals Low-dose sublingual immunotherapy compared to subcutaneous immunotherapy and conventional therapy in childhood asthma

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
Ariyanto Harsono
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Sublingual Immunotherapy ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Subcutaneous Immunotherapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Treat Ment ◽  
Group A

Background Evidence begin to accumulate that high-dose sub-lingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is as effective as subcutaneousimmunotherapy (SIT) in the treatment of childhood asthma.Since the capacity of sublingual area is similar whether the doseis high or low, the efficacy of low dose may be important to bestudied.Objective To investigate the efficacy of low-dose sublingual im-munotherapy in the treatment of childhood asthma.Methods Parents signed informed consent prior to enrollment,after having received information about the study. Patients weremoderate asthma aged 6-14 years with disease onset of lessthan 2 years before the commencement of the study and peakexpiratory flow rate (PEFR) variability of more than 15%. Pa-tients were randomly allocated into group A, B, and C whoreceived subcutaneous immunotherapy, low-dose sublingualimmunotherapy, and conventional asthma therapy, respectively.Randomization was stratified into two strata according to agei.e., 6-11 years or 11-14 years. Patients of each stratum wererandomized in block of three for each group. At the end of threemonths, lung function tests were repeated. The primary outcomewas PEFR variability at the end of the study. The study wasapproved by the Ethics Committee of Soetomo HospitalSurabaya.Results Distribution of variants as represented by sex, age,eosinophil count, and total IgE concentration were normal inthe three groups. PEFR variability decreased significantly from16.97+0.81 to 8.50+5.08 and 17.0+0.87 to 8.40+4.72 in groupreceiving SIT and SLIT, respectively (p<0.05), but decreasednot significantly from 17.00+0.83 to 10.82+0.5.41 in control group(p>0.05).Conclusion Low-dose SLIT is as efficacious as SIT in the treat-ment of moderate asthma in children

Effect of Opuntia dejecta (Salm-Dyck) flowers in liver of fructose-fed rats: Biochemicals, enzymatic and histological studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712110134
Author(s):  
O Zouaoui ◽  
K Adouni ◽  
A Jelled ◽  
A Thouri ◽  
A Ben Chrifa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Group A ◽  
Histological Architecture

Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of flowers decoction at post-flowering stage (F3D) of Opuntia dejecta were determined. The obtained findings demonstrate that F3D has a marked antioxidant activity in all tested assays. Furthermore, the present study was designed to test the protective activity of F3D against induced Diabetes type 2 (DT2) in male rats. Those metabolic syndromes were induced by a high-fructose diet (HFD) (10% fructose solution) for a period of 20 weeks. F3D was administered orally (100 and 300 mg/kg body weight) daily for the last 4 weeks. Metformin (150 mg/kg body weight) was used as a standard drug and administrated orally for the last 4 weeks. The results showed a significant increase in blood glucose, triglycerides and hepatic markers (ALAT, ASAT and ALK-P) in HFD group. A significant increase in hepatic TBARS and a significant decrease in SOD, CAT and GPX were observed in fructose fed rats compared to control group. Administration of F3D showed a protective effect in biochemical and oxidative stress parameters measured in this study. Also, oral administration of F3D restored the histological architecture of rat liver in comparison with rats fed HFD. In conclusion, F3D attenuated hepatic oxidative stress in fructose-fed rats.

scholarly journals Immunoregulatory function of Dictyophora echinovolvata spore polysaccharides in immunocompromised mice induced by cyclophosphamide

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 620-629
Author(s):  
Chenqiang Lin ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Longjun Chen ◽  
Yu Fang ◽  
Jichen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Lymphocyte Transformation ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Humoral And Cellular Immunity ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Group A ◽  
Immunocompromised Mice ◽  
Immune Imbalance

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the Dictyophora echinovolvata spore polysaccharides (DESP) affect the immunity in immunocompromised mice induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX). The healthy female Kunming mice were randomly divided into six groups, including a normal control (NC) group, a positive control group, a model control (MC) group, and three groups treated with low-, intermediate-, and high-dose polysaccharide, respectively. A series of immunoregulatory properties were determined, including humoral and cellular immunity, immune function, and immune factors of mononuclear macrophages. Compared with NC and MC groups, treatment with DESP significantly increased the spleen index and decreased the thymus index; increased the serum concentrations of immunoglobulin (Ig)A, IgG, IgM, hemolysin, IL-1β, and IL-2; delayed the allergic reaction; and improved the splenic lymphocyte transformation ability; and enhanced the phagocytosis of macrophages and the ability to secrete IL-6, TNF-α, caspase-1, and NO with DESP supplementation. These results indicated that DESP might have a good regulatory effect on CTX-induced immunodeficiency in mice, adjust the body’s immune imbalance, and improve the symptoms of low immunity.

scholarly journals Vibration Induces BAFF Overexpression and Aberrant O-Glycosylation of IgA1 in Cultured Human Tonsillar Mononuclear Cells in IgA Nephropathy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muyao Ye ◽  
Youming Peng ◽  
Chan Liu ◽  
Wenzhe Yan ◽  
Xiaofei Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iga Nephropathy ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
B Cell Activation ◽  
Vibratory Stimulation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Group 1

Objective. To investigate the influence ofin vitrovibratory stimulation of human tonsillar mononuclear cells (TMCs).Methods. Fourteen IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients with chronic tonsillitis (CT) and 12 CT patients with no renal pathology were enrolled. Group A TMCs were collected after 24 hours of culture and used to determine baseline levels. TMCs in groups B, C, D, E, and F were exposed to vibratory stimulation (60 Hz) for 0 (as the control group), 1, 3, 5, and 10 minutes, respectively.Results. Baseline concentrations of B-cell-activation factor (BAFF) and IgA1, BAFF mRNA expression, and aberrant O-glycosylation IgA1 level were higher in the IgAN group as compared to that in the CT group, and all increased after vibratory stimulation. Baseline mRNA expressions of coreβ1,3-galactosyltransferase (C1GALT1) and coreβ1,3GalT-specific molecular chaperone (Cosmc) were lower in the IgAN group; the levels decreased further after vibratory stimulation.Conclusion. In patients with IgAN, vibratory stimulation of TMCs appears to induce IgA1 secretion through activation of BAFF release and to aberrant O-glycosylation IgA1 by suppressing C1GALT1 and Cosmc expression.In vitrovibratory stimulation of human TMCs mimics the vibratory simulation of palatine tonsils produced by vocal cords during phonation.

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