scholarly journals Lacticaseibacillus paracasei PS23 Effectively Modulates Gut Microbiota Composition and Improves Gastrointestinal Function in Aged SAMP8 Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1116
Author(s):  
Li-Han Chen ◽  
Ming-Fu Wang ◽  
Chun-Chao Chang ◽  
Shih-Yi Huang ◽  
Chun-Hsu Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Aged Mice ◽  
Intestine Length ◽  
Group A ◽  
Samp8 Mice ◽  
Group 1

Probiotics are reported to improve gastrointestinal (GI) function via regulating gut microbiota (GM). However, exactly how probiotics influence GM and GI function in elders is poorly characterized. Therefore, in this study, we assessed the effect of the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei PS23 (LPPS23) on the GM and GI function of aged mice. There were four groups of senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8 (SAMP8) mice (n = 4): a non-treated control group, a saline control group, a low dose LPPS23 group (1 × 108 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mouse/day), and a high dose LPPS23 group (1 × 109 CFU/mouse/day). Non-treated mice were euthanized at 16 weeks old, and others were euthanized at 28 weeks old. The next-generation sequencing results revealed that LPPS23 enriched Lactobacillus and Candidatus_Saccharimonas, while the abundance of Lachnospiraceae_UCG_001 decreased in aged mice given LPPS23. The abundance of Lactobacillus negatively correlated with the abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae. Moreover, LPPS23 improved the GI function of aged mice due to the longer intestine length, lower intestinal permeability, and higher phagocytosis in LPPS23-treated mice. The ELISA results showed that LPPS23 attenuated the alterations of pro-inflammatory factors and immunoglobulins. The abundance of LPPS23-enriched Lactobacillus was positively correlated with healthy GI function, while Lachnospiraceae_UCG_001, which was repressed by LPPS23, was negatively correlated with a healthy GI function in the aged mice according to Spearman’s correlation analysis. Taken together, LPPS23 can effectively modulate GM composition and improve GI function in aged SAMP8 mice.

scholarly journals Effects of Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH-γ-Isomer, Lindane) Intoxication on the Proliferation and Apoptosis in Rat Testes

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayati Yuksel ◽  
Erkan Karadas ◽  
Hikmet Keles ◽  
Hasan Huseyin Demirel
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Proliferation And Apoptosis ◽  
Group A ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Group 1

In this study, experimentally lindane-induced histopathological changes and proliferation and/or apoptosis in germ cells in the rat testes were investigated. A total of 40 healthy fertile 3-month-old male rats were used. Animals were divided into 4 groups, each containing 10 rats. Group 1 (control) was given only pure olive oil, Groups 2, 3 and 4 were administered lindane at 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg/bw, respectively, by gastric gavage for 30 days. Microscopically, degenerative changes were observed in the lindane-treated groups. For proliferative activity PCNA immunolabelling and for germ cells apoptosis TUNEL methods were performed. Although a strong PCNA positivity in the control group was observed, a gradual decrease was noted in the lindane-treated groups especially at higher doses. Significant increases of apoptosis were seen in the lindane-treated groups compared to the control group. A decrease in testosterone concentrations was observed in lindane-treated groups compared to the control group. The study indicates that high-dose lindane intoxication contributes to the suppression of spermatogenesis through a reduction of germ cell proliferation and an increase of germ cell death in rat testes.

scholarly journals Research on the Influence of Anti-fatigue Effect and Movement Ability of Blueberry Polysaccharides on Aged Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 314-317
Author(s):  
Bai Bo
Keyword(s):  
Dose Group ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Swimming Time ◽  
Fatigue Effect ◽  
Aged Mice ◽  
Extraction And Purification ◽  
Group A

The article introduces functions as well as extraction and purification of polysaccharides, and the effect of blueberry polysaccharides (BPs) on movement endurance, anti-fatigue capacity and related physiological indexes in aged mice induced by D-galactose is going to be investigated. The method of water extract-alcohol precipitation is used in the experiment to extract polysaccharides from blueberries, and in-vitro oxidation resistance and bacteriostasis of polysaccharides are studied after preliminary purification so as to provide a reference for the production and application of blueberry polysaccharides. Mice are randomly divided into a normal control group, an aged model group, a BP low-dose group, a BP medium-dose group, and a BP high-dose group. After the administration of BPs for 20 consecutive days, the exhaustive swimming time and fatigue indexes are determined. The results show that BPs could prolong the exhaustive swimming time, decrease the content of BUN, BLA and MDA, and obviously increase the activity of HG, MG, SOD and LDH. To conclude, BPs have good anti-fatigue effect. This study may provide theoretical evidence for the development of anti-fatigue drugs from BPs.

scholarly journals Low-dose sublingual immunotherapy compared to subcutaneous immunotherapy and conventional therapy in childhood asthma

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
Ariyanto Harsono
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Sublingual Immunotherapy ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Subcutaneous Immunotherapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Treat Ment ◽  
Group A

Background Evidence begin to accumulate that high-dose sub-lingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is as effective as subcutaneousimmunotherapy (SIT) in the treatment of childhood asthma.Since the capacity of sublingual area is similar whether the doseis high or low, the efficacy of low dose may be important to bestudied.Objective To investigate the efficacy of low-dose sublingual im-munotherapy in the treatment of childhood asthma.Methods Parents signed informed consent prior to enrollment,after having received information about the study. Patients weremoderate asthma aged 6-14 years with disease onset of lessthan 2 years before the commencement of the study and peakexpiratory flow rate (PEFR) variability of more than 15%. Pa-tients were randomly allocated into group A, B, and C whoreceived subcutaneous immunotherapy, low-dose sublingualimmunotherapy, and conventional asthma therapy, respectively.Randomization was stratified into two strata according to agei.e., 6-11 years or 11-14 years. Patients of each stratum wererandomized in block of three for each group. At the end of threemonths, lung function tests were repeated. The primary outcomewas PEFR variability at the end of the study. The study wasapproved by the Ethics Committee of Soetomo HospitalSurabaya.Results Distribution of variants as represented by sex, age,eosinophil count, and total IgE concentration were normal inthe three groups. PEFR variability decreased significantly from16.97+0.81 to 8.50+5.08 and 17.0+0.87 to 8.40+4.72 in groupreceiving SIT and SLIT, respectively (p<0.05), but decreasednot significantly from 17.00+0.83 to 10.82+0.5.41 in control group(p>0.05).Conclusion Low-dose SLIT is as efficacious as SIT in the treat-ment of moderate asthma in children

scholarly journals Immunoregulatory function of Dictyophora echinovolvata spore polysaccharides in immunocompromised mice induced by cyclophosphamide

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 620-629
Author(s):  
Chenqiang Lin ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Longjun Chen ◽  
Yu Fang ◽  
Jichen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Lymphocyte Transformation ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Humoral And Cellular Immunity ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Group A ◽  
Immunocompromised Mice ◽  
Immune Imbalance

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the Dictyophora echinovolvata spore polysaccharides (DESP) affect the immunity in immunocompromised mice induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX). The healthy female Kunming mice were randomly divided into six groups, including a normal control (NC) group, a positive control group, a model control (MC) group, and three groups treated with low-, intermediate-, and high-dose polysaccharide, respectively. A series of immunoregulatory properties were determined, including humoral and cellular immunity, immune function, and immune factors of mononuclear macrophages. Compared with NC and MC groups, treatment with DESP significantly increased the spleen index and decreased the thymus index; increased the serum concentrations of immunoglobulin (Ig)A, IgG, IgM, hemolysin, IL-1β, and IL-2; delayed the allergic reaction; and improved the splenic lymphocyte transformation ability; and enhanced the phagocytosis of macrophages and the ability to secrete IL-6, TNF-α, caspase-1, and NO with DESP supplementation. These results indicated that DESP might have a good regulatory effect on CTX-induced immunodeficiency in mice, adjust the body’s immune imbalance, and improve the symptoms of low immunity.

scholarly journals Vibration Induces BAFF Overexpression and Aberrant O-Glycosylation of IgA1 in Cultured Human Tonsillar Mononuclear Cells in IgA Nephropathy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muyao Ye ◽  
Youming Peng ◽  
Chan Liu ◽  
Wenzhe Yan ◽  
Xiaofei Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iga Nephropathy ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
B Cell Activation ◽  
Vibratory Stimulation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Group 1

Objective. To investigate the influence ofin vitrovibratory stimulation of human tonsillar mononuclear cells (TMCs).Methods. Fourteen IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients with chronic tonsillitis (CT) and 12 CT patients with no renal pathology were enrolled. Group A TMCs were collected after 24 hours of culture and used to determine baseline levels. TMCs in groups B, C, D, E, and F were exposed to vibratory stimulation (60 Hz) for 0 (as the control group), 1, 3, 5, and 10 minutes, respectively.Results. Baseline concentrations of B-cell-activation factor (BAFF) and IgA1, BAFF mRNA expression, and aberrant O-glycosylation IgA1 level were higher in the IgAN group as compared to that in the CT group, and all increased after vibratory stimulation. Baseline mRNA expressions of coreβ1,3-galactosyltransferase (C1GALT1) and coreβ1,3GalT-specific molecular chaperone (Cosmc) were lower in the IgAN group; the levels decreased further after vibratory stimulation.Conclusion. In patients with IgAN, vibratory stimulation of TMCs appears to induce IgA1 secretion through activation of BAFF release and to aberrant O-glycosylation IgA1 by suppressing C1GALT1 and Cosmc expression.In vitrovibratory stimulation of human TMCs mimics the vibratory simulation of palatine tonsils produced by vocal cords during phonation.

Platelet-Rich Plasma Suppresses Inflammation Reaction of Rat Articular Chondrocytes via Wingless-Related Integration Site/β-Catenin Axis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1372-1376
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Weiwei Ma ◽  
Xu Li ◽  
Yihui Huang ◽  
Xinyu Cao
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Articular Chondrocytes ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Integration Site ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mrna Levels

Our study aims to elucidate the role of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in rats chondrocytes inflammation and mechanism. PRP was obtained from 8 weeks old rats. Then, the knee joint of bilateral hind limbs was dissected and articular chondrocytes were obtained in super-clean table after dislocation and identified at the second generation during culture and passage. Chondrocytes were divided into control group 1 (addition of saline), control group 2 (IWP-2, Wnt/β-catenin axis inhibitor) and experimental group (PRP) followed by analysis of mRNA levels of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3β), low-density lipoprotein receptor-associated protein 5 (LRP5), Wnt1 and β-catenin by RT-PCR, IL-1 and TNF-α after 1 week by ELISA. The second generation articular chondrocytes presented polygonal or triangular cell morphology, positive for collagen II and toluidine blue staining. PRP addition significantly reduced GSK-3β and LRP5 mRNA level, and increased β-catenin and Wnt1 mRNA levels in chondrocytes. Meanwhile, it suppressed IL-1 and TNF-α secretion and Wnt protein production inhibitor 2. PRP might suppresses inflammatory factors production of rat articular chondrocytes through inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin axis.

Investigation of TAp63 gene Expression and Follicle Count Using Melatonin in Cisplatin-induced Ovarian Toxicity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hacı Öztürk Şahin ◽  
Mehmet Nuri Duran ◽  
Fatma Sılan ◽  
Ece Sılan ◽  
Duygu Sıddıkoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovarian Toxicity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background: Premature ovarian failure is among the most important side effects of chemotherapy during reproductive period. Preserving ovarian function is gradually gaining importance during oncologic treatment. The present study aims to investigate the potential of melatonin to protect from cisplatin-induced ovarian toxicity in rats. Twenty nine female rats were divided to three groups: Saline control group (Group 1), cisplatin group (Group 2), and cisplatin+melatonin group (Group 3). While the rats in Groups 2 and 3 were administered 5 mg/kg single dose of cisplatin via intra-peritoneal (IP) route, the rats in Group 3 were started on melatonin (20 mg/kg IP) before cisplatin administration and continued during 3 consecutive days. Ovaries were removed one week after cisplatin administration in all groups. Blood samples were obtained before the rats were decapited. Histological evaluation, follicle count, and classification were performed. TAp63 mRNA expression was evaluated using mRNA extraction and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Serum estradiol (E2) and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) values were measured with enzyme immune-assay technology. Results: While primordial follicles were seen to decrease in Group 2 as compared to Group 1 (p:0.023), primordial follicle count was observed to be preserved significantly in melatonin group as compared to Group 2 (p:0.047). Moreover, cisplatin-induced histo-pathological morphology was preserved in favor of normal histology in melatonin group. A significant difference was not observed between groups with regard to mean serum AMH and E2 values (p:0.102 and p:0.411, respectively). While TAp63 gene expression significantly increased in Group 2 as compared to control group (p:0.001), we did not detect a statistically significant difference in cisplatin+melatonin group, although gene expression decreased (p:0.34). Conclusion: We conclude that concurrent administration of melatonin and cisplatin may protect from ovarian damage.

scholarly journals Correlation between expression levels of IL-37, GM-CSF, and CRP in peripheral blood and atherosclerosis and plaque stability

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 205873921984406
Author(s):  
Tao Zheng ◽  
Qingyun Zhou ◽  
Zhe Chen ◽  
Qinning Wang
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The study aimed to study the correlation between expression levels of interleukin-37 (IL-37), granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in peripheral blood and the status of atherosclerosis (AS) and plaque stability and to confirm the clinical significance of these inflammatory factors in the pathogenesis of AS. A total of 64 AS patients (case group) were selected and divided into unstable plaque group (group A, 28 cases) and stable plaque group (group B, 36 cases) according to the color ultrasonography results of arterial vessels. At the same time, 30 healthy subjects were classified into the control group. General information of the enrolled subjects was collected, including levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), CRP, and homocysteine (Hcy). The expression levels of IL-37 and GM-CSF in the serum of peripheral blood samples collected from these subjects were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). There was no significant difference between the case group and the control group in the levels of TC, TG, HDL, and LDL ( P > 0.05). However, the expression level of Hcy in the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression levels of IL-37, GM-CSF, and CRP in the case group were significantly increased ( P < 0.05). In addition, compared with group B, the expression level of GM-CSF in group A was significantly increased ( P < 0.05), while no significant difference was detected between group A and group B in the expression levels of IL-37 and CRP ( P > 0.05). In conclusion, inflammatory factors IL-37, GM-CSF, CRP, and Hcy were all involved in the pathogenesis of AS, and the increased levels of GM-CSF were closely related to the progress of unstable plaques. These results may aid the early diagnosis/treatment of AS.

scholarly journals C-Phycocyanin Alleviates Bladder Inflammation and Dysfunction in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cystitis in a Mouse Model by Inhibiting COX-2 and EP4

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Xing-qi Bao ◽  
Yi-chen Huang ◽  
Fang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Bladder Inflammation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Micturition Frequency

Objective. To explore the effect of C-phycocyanin (C-PC) on voiding behavior and histological changes in cyclophosphamide- (CYP-) induced cystitis in mice. Methods. Sixty female mice were included. The mice in the C-PC group received C-PC (25 mg/kg, twice, i.p.) and then CYP (200 mg/kg, i.p.) two hours later, while the mice in the CYP group only received the equivalent CYP. Saline was injected in the mice in the control group. A voided stain on paper (VSOP) test was conducted to analyze the micturition. The bladders were harvested for histological evaluation and measurements of inflammatory factors. Results. C-PC reduced the micturition frequency in the mice with CYP-induced cystitis. The bladder/body weight ratio and edema were remarkably higher in the CYP group compared to the C-PC group. C-PC suppressed the expressions of COX-2, PGE2, and EP4 (prostaglandin E receptor 4) according to the ELISA assay. Immunohistochemical staining also indicated that C-PC reduced the expressions of COX-2 in urothelium and EP4 in smooth muscles. Conclusions. C-PC relieved symptoms associated with CYP-induced cystitis in mice by inhibiting bladder inflammation through COX-2 and EP4 expression.

scholarly journals MON-594 The Peculiarity of the Gut Microbiota in Patients with Different Phenotypes of Obesity (Pilot Study)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Volkova ◽  
Julia Naboka ◽  
Lilia Ganenko ◽  
Oksana Oksenuk ◽  
Ilia Davidenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolically Healthy Obesity ◽  
Detection Frequency ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Metabolically Healthy ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Recent studies have shown that obesity is not a homogeneous condition and that there is a subgroup of people with obesity, but without metabolic disturbance. This phenotype of obesity is called “metabolically healthy obesity” (MHO) [1]. More and more data are appearing in the scientific literature, indicating that quantitative and qualitative changes in the gut microbiota (GM) can be a trigger in the development of obesity and metabolic disorders [2]. In order to study the role of GM in the development of various types of obesity, 37 patients were examined, divided into 3 groups: group 1 (n = 11) - healthy people without obesity and overweight (control), group 2 (n = 13) - patients with MHO, group 3 (n = 13) - patients with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO). The basic metabolic parameters were determined for all of them and a quantitative assessment of the condition of the GM was performed using the Real-time PCR method. Results: 1. In people from the control group (group 1) in the GM, compared with formal normative indicators, the number of Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., B. thetaiotaomicron was reduced (p&lt;0.05) and indicators of the total bacterial mass and Enterobacter spp./Citrobacter spp. were increased (p&lt;0.05). 2. In subjects with MHO (group 2), GM changes similar to group 1 were observed. However, in comparison to group 1, Klebsiella spp. and Proteus spp. were recorded in feces in quantities exceeding the formal regulatory. In patients with MUHO (group 3), in addition to changes detected in group 2, C. difficile was found in feces, as well as a significant (p &lt;0.05) decrease in F. prausnitzii and an increase (p &lt;0.05) in the detection frequency of banal E.coli, as well as the more diverse composition of the microbiota. Thus, the data obtained as a result of a pilot study certainly indicate changes in the GM in people with different phenotypes of obesity and in healthy ones. Further study of the GM in patients with various types of obesity, but in a larger groups, is required. Reference: 1) Phillips C.M. Metabolically healthy obesity across the life course: epidemiology, determinants and implications. Ann N.Y. Acad Sci 2017 Mar;139(1):85-100.doi:10.1111/nyas.13230. 2). Giovanna Muscogiuri, Elena Cantone, Sara Cassarano, Dario Tuccinardi, Luigi Barrea, Silvia Savastano, Annamaria Colao & on behalf of the Obesity Programs of nutrition, Education, Research and Assessment (OPERA) group. Gut microbiota: a new path to treat obesity. International Journal of Obesity Supplements 2019 Apr;9(1):10-19. doi: 10.1038/s41367-019-0011-7

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