Effect of Opuntia dejecta (Salm-Dyck) flowers in liver of fructose-fed rats: Biochemicals, enzymatic and histological studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712110134
Author(s):  
O Zouaoui ◽  
K Adouni ◽  
A Jelled ◽  
A Thouri ◽  
A Ben Chrifa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Group A ◽  
Histological Architecture

Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of flowers decoction at post-flowering stage (F3D) of Opuntia dejecta were determined. The obtained findings demonstrate that F3D has a marked antioxidant activity in all tested assays. Furthermore, the present study was designed to test the protective activity of F3D against induced Diabetes type 2 (DT2) in male rats. Those metabolic syndromes were induced by a high-fructose diet (HFD) (10% fructose solution) for a period of 20 weeks. F3D was administered orally (100 and 300 mg/kg body weight) daily for the last 4 weeks. Metformin (150 mg/kg body weight) was used as a standard drug and administrated orally for the last 4 weeks. The results showed a significant increase in blood glucose, triglycerides and hepatic markers (ALAT, ASAT and ALK-P) in HFD group. A significant increase in hepatic TBARS and a significant decrease in SOD, CAT and GPX were observed in fructose fed rats compared to control group. Administration of F3D showed a protective effect in biochemical and oxidative stress parameters measured in this study. Also, oral administration of F3D restored the histological architecture of rat liver in comparison with rats fed HFD. In conclusion, F3D attenuated hepatic oxidative stress in fructose-fed rats.

scholarly journals Toxicity evaluation and protective effect of Rhus longipes Engl. leaf extract in paracetamol induced oxidative stress in wister rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Olubukola S. Olorunnisola ◽  
◽  
Adewale Adetutu ◽  
Abiodun O. Owoade ◽  
Babatunde T. Adesina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Test Of Significance ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Isolated Liver

Aim: Acute toxicity and protective effect of ethanol leaf extract of Rhus longipes Engl. against Paracetamol induced oxidative stress was investigated. The LD50 of the leaf extract was determined using up and down technique and the effect of 1/10th and 1/20th/ LD50 of the extract on antioxidants enzymes and non-enzymes were assessed in the serum and isolated liver of normal and Paracetamol intoxicated rats. Data obtained were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Dunnett’s t-test was used as the test of significance. Values were considered significant at P value < 0.05. The results obtained indicated that LD50 of Rhus longipes Engl. leaf extract is greater than 5000 mg/kg /body weight. A significant (p<0.05) increase was observed in the level of hepatic (H) TBARs (81.97%), Catalase (38.42%) and serum (S) TBARs (164.44%) and catalase (64.72%) respectively but, a significant (P<0.05) decrease in hepatic activities of SOD, GPX, GR, vitamin C and E in paracetamol treated groups when compared with the serum and normal control group respectively. The extracts (250 and 500 mg/kg/body/weight) and the standard silymarin significantly (p<0.05) restored the derange antioxidants parameters to near normal in dose dependent manners. The activities of the extract at the highest concentration (500 mg/kg/b.wt) compared favourably with the standard drug. The results suggested that the leaf extract of Rhus longipes Engl. contain bioactive compounds which could protect against toxicity induced oxidative stress. The results of this study can be used as a basis for further investigations in the search for the bioactive principle.

scholarly journals Protective Role of Ce Nanoparticles Against the Hepatotoxicity Induced by Exposure to Paraquat

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Hamid Heidary Dartoti ◽  
Farzin Firozian ◽  
Sara Soleimani Asl ◽  
Akram Ranjbar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Group 2

Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant activity of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeNPs) against paraquat (PQ)-induced liver injury in rats. Methods: Thirty-two male rats were divided into four 8-member groups and treated intraperitoneally with PQ and/or CeNPs for 14 days. Group 1 received PQ (5 mg/kg/d), group 2 received CeNPs (15, 30, and 60 mg/kg/d), group 3 received a combination of PQ (5 mg/kg/d) and CeNPs (15, 30, and 60 mg/kg/d), and group 4 (control group) received saline solution. Serum samples along with liver tissue samples were collected from all the rats. Oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers including total antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation, total thiol groups, DNA damage, and nitric oxide levels were determined. Histological samples were also analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin staining slides. Results: Levels of oxidative stress and hepatic tissue damage were significantly higher in the PQ group compared to the control group. CeNPs at a dose of 15 mg/kg showed the antioxidant activity and compromised the PQ-induced damage. Conclusion: In the scenario tested in this study, CeNPs could reduce the levels of OS, as well as hepatic damage induced by PQ.

scholarly journals EXPLORATION OF IN VIVO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF 50% ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SESAMUM INDICUM L. SEED AGAINST HIGH FAT DIET INDUCED RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
ZAFAR JAVED KHAN ◽  
NAEEM AHMAD KHAN
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Lipid Peroxidase

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vivo antioxidant potential of 50% ethanolic extract of Sesamum indicum against high-fat diet-induced rats. Methods: Animals were treated with plant extract for 30 d, and a high-fat diet was given to all groups except plain control, throughout, out the study. And alpha-tocopherol acetate (Vit, E) was used as standard. Pre-treatment with 16 mg/100 gm of body weight of 50% ethanolic extract of Sesamum indicum improved the Superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, and lipid peroxidation levels significantly as compared to control group. Results: The present studies revealed that Sesamum indicum has significant in vivo antioxidant activity and can be used to protect tissue from oxidative stress. The result showed that the activities of SOD, catalase, lipid peroxidase, and glutathione, in the group treated with high-fat diet declined significantly than that of normal group. Conclusion: 50% ethanolic extract of in the dose of Sesamum indicum 16 mg/100 gm of body weight, has improved the SOD, catalase, glutathione, and lipid peroxidase levels significantly, which were comparable with high-fat-diet-induced rats. Based on this study we conclude that the 50% ethanolic extract of Sesamum indicum possesses in vivo antioxidant activity and can be employed in protecting tissue from oxidative stress.

Intensive Swimming Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress and Reproductive Dysfunction in Male Wistar Rats: Protective Role of α-Tocopherol Succinate

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indranil Manna ◽  
Kuladip Jana ◽  
Prabhat Kumar Samanta
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Swimming Exercise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Pachytene Spermatocytes

In the present study, 30 male rats (age 3 mos, Wt 128.6 ± 3.7 g) were randomly divided into Control group (CG), Experimental group (EG), and Supplemented group (SG), 10 per group. An exercise protocol (3 hrs swimming per day, 5 days a week for 4 weeks) was followed in EG and SG, with no exercise in CG. In SG, α-tocopherol succinate was injected subcutaneouly at a dose of 50 mg•kg−1 per body weight per day. After 4 weeks of exercise, significant diminutions (p <  0.05) were noted in somatic indices of testes and accessory sex organs; seminiferous tubuler diameter (STD); testicular Δ5, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (Δ5, 3β-HSD) 17 β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17 β-HSD) activities; plasma levels of testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH); preleptotine spermatocytes (pLSc), mid-pachytene spermatocytes (mPSc), and Stage 7 spermatids (7 Sd); testicular α-tocopherol and glutathione (GSH) content; superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) activities in EG when compared to CG. Moreover, a significant elevation (p <  0.05) in malondialdehyde (MDA) was found in testes of EG compared to CG. No significant alteration was noted in body weight among the groups. Co-administration of α-tocopherol succinate restored the above parameters. Intensive swimming exercise-induced oxidative stress causes dysfunction in the male reproductive system, which can be protected by α-tocopherol succinate. Key words: spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis, lipid peroxidation, vitamin E

scholarly journals The Role of Antioxidant Activity of Chitosan-Pinus merkusii Extract Nanoparticle in against Lead Acetate-Induced Toxicity in Rat Pancreas

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Wardani ◽  
Ernawati ◽  
K. Eraiko ◽  
S. A. Sudjarwo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pancreatic Cell ◽  
Rat Pancreas ◽  
Pinus Merkusii

Lead is one of the heavy metals with oxidative stress that causes toxicity in human and animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Chitosan-Pinus merkusii extract nanoparticle on lead acetate-induced toxicity in rat pancreas. Chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticles were identified by Particle Size Analysis (PSA) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The male rats used were divided into a control group (treated with distilled water), lead acetate group (injected with lead acetate at 20 mg/kg BW i.p), and the treatment group (treated orally with Chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle at 150 mg; 300 mg; 600 mg/kg BW and injected with lead acetate at 20 mg/kg BW i.p). Blood samples were taken to measure glucose and insulin level. The pancreas tissues were also collected to evaluate the malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and histological evaluations of cell damage. The PSA showed that the size of Chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle was 530.2 ± 38.27 nm. The SEM images revealed an irregular shape, and the morphology showed a rough surface. Administration of lead acetate resulted in a significant increase in glucose and MDA levels as well as a decrease in the level of insulin, SOD and GPx when compared with the control group, while that of 600 mg/kg BW of Chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle gave a polar result. The lead acetate induced loss of pancreatic cells normal structure and necrosis, while Chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle inhibited it. It could be concluded that Chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle has a potential to be a powerful agent and may be useful as an antioxidant against free radical-induced oxidative stress and pancreatic cell damage mediated by lead acetate intoxication.

scholarly journals ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF BRAIN OXIDATIVE STRESS IMPROVING POTENTIAL OF CURCUMIN IN INTOXICATED RATS

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
FATEN IBRAHIM EL-SAYED
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Group A

Objective: The following study aimed to investigate the efficacy of curcumin at preventing amikacin neurotoxicity Methods: Twenty-four male Wister albino rats were randomly divided into four groups including-G (1): control group includes six rats, they were administered 0.5 ml of saline orally for 14 consecutive days. G (2): includes six rats; they were administered 200 mg/kg curcumin orally for 14 consecutive days. G (3): includes six rats, they were administered 300 mg/kg body weight/day of amikacin intraperitoneally for 14 consecutive days G (4): includes six rats, they were administered 200 mg/kg curcumin orally concurrently with 300 mg/kg body weight/day of amikacin. All animals were kept in the same conditions from feed, heat and humidity. Results: According to the result obtained after sacrification of all animals after the end of 14 d, Results revealed that amikacin at the dose rate of 300 mg/kg b. wt for 14 d induces significant changes in oxidative stress markers compared to the control group, a significant reduction in CAT. SOD. GSH (1.51±0.16, 77.00±0.73 and 84.06±4.42) respectively compared to control (3.63±0.11, 98.48±0.18 and 117.05±0.52) along with a significant increase in MDA activity (219.02±3.34) compared to control group (180.42±0.19), That indicate oxidative stress effect of it. On the beneficial side rats received amikacin 300 mg/kg B. wt I/p concurrently with 200 mg/kg b. wt curcumin for successive 14day result in a significant increase in CAT. SOD. GSH (2.23±0.09,92.00±0.26, 102.25±1.71) and decrease in MDA concentration (139.23±3.89) compared to amikacin treated group levels along with histopathological changes appear in brain tissue in the group treated with amikacin include nuclear pyknosis and degeneration in some neurons in the hippocampus, multiple focal eosinophilic plaque formation in the striatum also this results enhanced by activated caspase-3 expression in the brain tissue following amikacin administration. Conclusion: The present study proved that Oral administration of curcumin at the dose of 200 mg/kg for 14 d concurrently with amikacin significantly mitigates its neurotoxic and oxidative stress effects.

scholarly journals In vivo antioxidant activity of Ethanolic extract from root of Smilax zeylanica on Aluminium Chloride Induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6-s) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
B. Sabari Senthil ◽  
V.K. Kalaichelvan ◽  
A. Kottai Muthu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Control Group

Objective: The objective of the present study was to investigate the Evaluation of In vivo antioxidant activity of Ethanolic extract of root of Smilax zeylanica(EESZ) on Aluminium Chloride Induced apoptosis suppressing oxidative stress  in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: The ethanolic extract from the roots of S. china by hot continuous percolation method. The rats were divided into 5 groups and each group consists of 6 animals. Rats were treated with EESC for 150 and 300 mg/ kg of body weight and piracetam, 0.5 mg/ kg of body weight for 14 successive days after inducing oxidative stress  with aluminium chloride (100 mg/ kg of body weight) for 60 days. The lipid peroxidation level (TBARS) and antioxidant activities like Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and reduced Glutathione (GSH) were estimated in rats. Results: AlCl3 induced rats showed increased the TBARS and decreased the antioxidant enzymes like Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and reduced Glutathione (GSH) when compared with the control group. The EESZ at higher dose 300 mg/ kg of body weight animals were significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the TBARS and increased the anti oxidant enzymes Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and reduced Glutathione (GSH) when compared with the AlCl3 treated group Conclusion: Findings of the present study revealed that Ethanolic extract from roots of Smilax zeylanica  may be used as a significant source of natural antioxidant, which might be helpful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stresses.                    Keywords: S. zeylanica, antioxidant, ethanolic extract, TBARS, rats.

scholarly journals RESVERATROL ATTENUATES OXIDATIVE STRESS IN CHEMOTHERAPY INDUCED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY: AN EXPERIMENTAL RAT MODEL

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Urea Level ◽  
Renal Histology ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anti-oxidative and anti-nephrotoxic effects of Resveratrol in cisplatin induced nephrotoxic albino Wistar rats. METHODS: This quasi-experimental study was performed at Isra University, Hyderabad, Pakistan. Thirty male albino Wistar rats were divided into three groups: group-A (control), group-B (cisplatin) and group-C (cisplatin+Resveratrol). Biochemical [serum urea, creatinine and glutathione peroxidase (GPX)] and renal histomorphology was performed in all groups after 21 days of treatment. RESULTS: Difference in mean pre- and post-experimental body weight was observed in all three groups. Mean body weight decreased from 241.7±8.5 gm to 196.50±9.34 gm and from 237±7.4 gm to 207.2±6.56 gm in group-B and group-C respectively. In group-A; mean serum urea was 22.7±2.66 mg/dl, serum creatinine was 0.45±0.05 mg/dl and serum GPX was 1.44±0.13 ηg/ml. In group-B; mean serum urea level was 51±3.65 mg/dl, mean serum creatinine was 0.78±0.05 mg/dl and serum GPX was 0.85±0.11 ηg/ml. In group-C, mean serum urea level was 32.8±1.45 mg/dl, serum creatinine level was 0.41±0.09 mg/dl and serum GPX was 1.53±0.08 ηg/ml. In group-A, renal structure was intact, marked changes were observed in renal histology of group-B while group-C displayed less glomerular damage. The mean distance between visceral and parietal layers of Bowman’s capsule was 69.34±0.87 µm in group-A, 216.5±1.32 µm in group-B while 102.22±1.65 µm in group-C. Areas of peritubular fibrosis and congestion were observed in groups B and C but less prominent in group-C compared with group-B. CONCLUSION: Resveratrol therapy is a potent anti-nephrotoxic regime showing promising results in chemotherapy induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Antiatherogenic Effect of Losartan in the Hyperlipidemic Rat

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Rezina Sultana ◽  
Sayedur Rahman ◽  
Layla Afroza Banu ◽  
Omma Hafsa Any
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesion ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Angiotensin Ii Receptor Blocker ◽  
Angiotensin Ii Receptor ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group A

Background: Angiotensin II is a powerful growth stimulant that can lead to smooth muscle hyperplasia in vascular wall.Objectives: The present study was aimed to find out the anti-atherosclerotic effects of angiotensin II receptor blocker losartan.Methodology: This experimental animal study was carried out in the Laboratory of the Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics at Banghabandhu Sheik Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka from July 2008 to June 2009. Healthy Long-Evans Norwegian male rats aged between 3-4 months with an weight of 180 to 200 gm were randomly selected and were divided into 3 groups designated as group A, B and C. Group A was fed on standard rat diet; group B was fed soybean oil and group C was fed a 2% cholesterol enriched diet which was the suspension of cholesterol powder in soybean oil. After 8 weeks 10 rats of each group were sacrificed and remaining 20 rats of group C were continued to the part II of the experiment and divided into two groups known as group I which was cholesterol fed control group and group II which were losartan treated group. After 8 weeks all the rats of two groups were sacrificed. Blood from each rat was collected to measure the lipid profile and malondialdehyde (MDA) level within erythrocyte. The aorta was separated and intima-media ratio was measured by using Image-pro plus software.Results: Losartan induces a significant reduction in serum lipids (p<0.001) and in atherosclerotic lesion size (p<0.001). It also significantly reduces the oxidative stress by reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) level (p<0.001).Conclusions: In a atherosclerosis rat model, losartan reduces the oxidative stress and the neointimal inflammation and this could due to direct inhibition of angiotensin II in the arterial wall.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v5i2.20765J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2013;5(2):99-102

scholarly journals Manniophyton fulvum extract attenuates sodium nitroprusside induced oxidative stress in wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2592
Author(s):  
Dokubo Awolayeofori ◽  
Nwaokezi Chris Obi ◽  
Okwakpam Felicia Nnenna
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) is an antihypertensive agent. It induces toxicity via the release of cyanide ions, nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species. Manniophyton fulvum (MF) is commonly used in Nigeria due to its therapeutic and nutritional potentials. This study evaluates the phytochemical composition of aqueous extract of MF root and influence in SNP induced oxidative stress in wistar rats.Methods: Gas chromatography was used for determination of the chemical composition of aqueous extract of MF root. Rat liver homogenate was used for determination of rhodanese, glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Twenty (20) rats were randomly divided into four different groups comprising five animals (n=5). Control (Group A), Groups B, C, D received 2.5 mg/kg body weight of SNP at intervals of three hours per day by intraperitoneal injection. In addition, Groups C and D received 200 mg/kg body weight of aqueous root extract of MF and 10 mg/kg body weight of Vitamin E respectively for a period of seven days.Results: Flavonoids had the highest composition while allicin had the lowest composition. Diallyl thiosulphinate>methyl allyl thiosulphinate >allyl methyl thiosulphinate. The activity of rhodanese, GSH and MDA concentrations showed that Group B had significant (p<0.05) increase in MDA concentration while GSH showed significant (p<0.05) decrease. Also, the activity of rhodanese showed significant (p<0.05) decrease compared to Group A. However, Groups C and D showed significant increase (p<0.05) in the activity of rhodanese enzyme compared to Group A and Group B. GSH levels of Group C and Group D showed no significant (p>0.05) difference while the MDA concentration showed significant (p<0.05) decrease. Correlation analysis between rhodanese and GSH showed strong significant (p=0.01, r=0.894) positive correlation.Conclusions: It can be deduced that the chemical components of aqueous extract of MF may serve as a pharmacological agent for molecular targets to up regulate detoxification and cytoprotective enzymes. Cellular localization of rhodanese enzyme can be induced by aqueous extract of MF root to collaborate with GSH and promote inhibition of lipid peroxidation, anti-oxidative reactions and up regulate cyanide detoxification in tissues.

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