Pregnancy in Adolescence and Health Education for the Exercise of Responsible Sexuality: an Integrative Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Pregnancy In Adolescence ◽  
Early Entry ◽  
Practice Methods

Objective: This review aims to investigate the scientific production aboute the health education in adolescence for the responsible sexual practice. Methods: This is an integrative review, using scientific articles indexed in the Virtual Health Library (VHL). We searched for articles in the databases LILACS, SCIELO and BDENF and the following descriptors were used: Pregnancy in Adolescence; Nurse; Health Education. In the search, 20 articles were found, of which, only 14 met the objective of the study. Inclusion criteria: full text available, original article, publication between 2014 and 2019 available in Portuguese and included in the proposed theme. Results: Adolescent pregnancy is considered a relevant public health problem, due the high prevalence across the country. The profile of pregnant adolescents is between 12 and 19 years, most of them single, low education, mixed race, housewives. The literature shows that early pregnancy impairs the female emancipation, results the school dropout, early entry into the labor market, disqualification, violence, decreased opportunities and also being associated with the spread of IST’s. Due to this situation and the future repercussions, unplanned pregnancy among adolescents requires holistic approaches to promote health and prevention measures. Conclusion: The nurse is essential in the development of preventive and educational skills with adolescents, establishing a strategy aimed at preventing teenage pregnancy, creating groups with purposes in the promotion of health and prevention of IST’s/early pregnancy, with the objective of making young people aware of the importance of active participation in health education actions.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic and obstetric factors related to low birth weight in the context of early pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-135
Author(s):  
Brenda Karoline Santos ◽  
Viviane Macedo Marinho Barreto ◽  
Vinícius Souza Santos ◽  
Neyana Maria Coelho de Souza Prado ◽  
José Rodrigo Santos Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Teenage Mothers ◽  
Statistical Association ◽  
Obstetric Factors ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Objectives: to analyze sociodemographic and obstetric factors that may influence the occurrence of low birth weight in the context of early pregnancy. Methods: the sample consisted of 232 pregnant teenagers, aged 10-19 years old, were assisted at a public maternity hospital in Aracaju-SE during the period of August 2012 to July 2016. The data collection was conducted through a structured questionnaire. Results: low birth weight was observed in 41.38% of the newborns and there was a statistical association between the educational level and the marital status with the occurrence of low birth weight in newborns among teenage mothers, with p=0.0286 and p=0.0247, respectively. Conclusions: the socioeconomic factors may contribute to the occurrence of low birth weight in newborns of teenage mothers and teenage pregnancy at this age represents a serious public health problem.

Adherence to Primary Prevention and Skin Self-Examination Practices by Spanish Melanoma Patients

Dermatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Irene Torrecilla-Martínez ◽  
Esperanza Manrique-Silva ◽  
Victor Traves ◽  
Celia Requena ◽  
Eduardo Nagore
Keyword(s):  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Self Examination

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The incidence of cutaneous melanoma, an important global public health problem, has been increasing over the last several decades. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> In order to decrease melanoma-related mortality, ways to communicate and implement the correct methods for conducting primary and secondary prevention measures (such as early detection via self-examination) should be investigated. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> An observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study consisting of 409 patients diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma was conducted. An online questionnaire was created to evaluate knowledge levels, attitudes, and adherence to primary preventive measures and to skin self-examination practices. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The results revealed that even when 43% of the patients perform cutaneous self-examinations, only half of them fully followed the recommendations. Patients aged &#x3c;45 years, female, with a I–II phototype, with an intermediate/high level of education, and with a history of NMSC were more likely to have an adequate degree of knowledge. Moreover, patients aged &#x3c;45 years and with an adequate degree of knowledge more frequently showed an adequate adherence to the primary prevention measures. Finally, patients aged 45–60 years and with an adequate degree of knowledge presented a good adherence to the self-skin examination measures. <b><i>Limitations:</i></b> Possible limitations of this study were memory bias through the influence of age within the study population, and bias due to a greater proportion of subjects with a high education level. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Within the population of patients with melanoma, a high percentage of patients do not rigorously follow the recommended prevention measures. Our study highlights the need to implement awareness in this population to improve the prevention of cutaneous cancer.

Predictors of Underweight Among Lactating Mothers in Dangila District, North West Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abaynew Adugna ◽  
Amsalu Degu
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
P Value ◽  
Health Extension Workers ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: Health extension workers are responsible for providing nutritional services like nutritional assessment and intervention for individuals who are identified as being at nutrition risk within their catchment area. Despite the Ethiopian government's effort to reduce the prevalence of maternal malnutrition through health extension workers, maternal underweight is still a significant public health problem in the country. Hence, this study aimed to identify the predictors of underweight among lactating mothers in Dangila woreda, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia.Methods: An institution-based case-control study was conducted on 400 lactating women in three primary health care units of Dangila Woreda. A consecutive sampling method was used to select study participants. The data collectors were given appropriate training, and the principal investigator was continuously supervising the data collection process to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the information. A bivariable logistic regression was performed, and the variables with p-value <0.2 in bivariable logistic regression were entered to multivariable logistic regression to control the effect of confounding variables.Results: The present study showed no statistically significant difference between the cases and controls in the sociodemographic characteristics. Besides, most of the cases had inadequate (60.52%) levels of nutritional knowledge compared to the controls. Regarding household food security, the majority (93.88%) of the cases and controls (89.43%) had food security while only 6.12% of the cases and 10.57% of the controls had food insecurity. Age at first pregnancy (AOR=2.138, 95% CI: 1.134-4.031), breastfeeding age (AOR=2.486, 95 % CI: 1.281-4.823), and site of delivery (AOR=3.157, 95% CI: 1.407-7.084) were the predictors of underweight among lactating mothers.Conclusions: Age at first pregnancy, site of delivery, and breastfeeding age were the significant predictors of underweight in lactating mothers. Therefore, interventions like promoting institutional delivery, prevention of teenage pregnancy, and enhancing the intake of adequate nutrition during lactation should be taken.

scholarly journals Cystamine attenuated behavioral deficiency via increasing the expression of BDNF and activating PI3K/Akt signaling in 2,5-hexanedione intoxicated rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Xianjie Li ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Lulu Jiang ◽  
Hua Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Effective Prevention

Organic solvent-induced neurodegeneration is a severe public health problem which has no effective prevention measures yet.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude towards emergency contraception in females of urban area of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malvika Mishra ◽  
Shiv Shanker Tripathi ◽  
Manish Kumar Verma
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Emergency Contraception ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Health Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Background: Emergency contraception are birth control measures that, if taken after unprotected sexual intercourse, contraceptive failure, incorrect use of contraceptives or in cases of sexual assault may prevent pregnancy. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of female living in urban part of Lucknow district from September 2015 to August 2016.Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted at RML Hospital, Lucknow from September 2015 to August 2016. A cross sectional study design was conducted and Participants were selected using simple random sampling method. Data was collected by using self-administered questionnaires. Data processing and analysis: The collected data was entered into a computer and analyzed using statistical package of social science version 20.0.Results: In this study it was found that, Out of 385 subjects 54% (209) new the correct time interval for EC to be effective and 91% (350) new that this is for prevention of unplanned pregnancy. Out of 385 subjects 77% (345) reported that they had heard the word EC from different sources, however 23% (90) reported that they never heard about that it means that still there is a scope of health awareness activities and health education to improve the knowledge of EC. Different attitudes of females towards emergency contraception some different pair of questions was asked. Out of 385 subjects 85% (329) were reported that they have positive attitudes in terms of benefits of EC to reduce the risk of unplanned pregnancy. A few number of subjects i.e. 12% (48) reported negative attitudes towards EC where as 3 % (8) did not respond. The more than half subjects i.e. 68% (260) reported that they use EC even if their partners disagreed with them where as 11% (41). Cultural belief was found as an barrier in having negative attitudes towards EC. The Religion, Occupation and educational status affect knowledge and attitudes towards EC.Conclusions: The results show that there is a scope of health awareness activities and health education to improve the knowledge and attitude towards EC.

scholarly journals Término del embarazo de las adolescentes atendidas en el Hospital Verdi Cevallos Balda

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Betzabhé Pico Franco ◽  
Olga Pamela Cadena Orellana ◽  
Víctor Miguel Castro Bravo ◽  
Nicole Elizabeth Puga Miranda ◽  
Gustavo Iván Zambrano Intriago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cephalopelvic Disproportion ◽  
Postterm Pregnancy ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City ◽  
Global Public Health Problem

  El embarazo en adolescentes es un problema de salud pública mundial que altera la salud física, emocional, la condición educativa y económica de los futuros padres; asimismo, frecuentemente se afecta también al producto de la gestación. La investigación fue de tipo retrospectiva, correlacional y cuantitativa. La muestra fue 461 embarazadas adolescentes atendidas en el Hospital “Verdi Cevallos Balda” de la ciudad de Portoviejo durante el 2016. Los resultados de este estudio mostraron que la mayor tasa de embarazo en adolescentes se produjo en primigestas (88,72 %) de 18 años. La desproporción céfalo-pélvica fue el factor materno-fetal que ocupó el primer lugar como causa de cesárea, seguida de factores fetales como distocia de presentación y ruptura prematura de membranas.   Palabras clave: Parto espontáneo, cesárea, pretérmino, postérmino, embarazo.   Abstract Teenage pregnancy is a global public health problem that alters the physical, emotional, educational and economic condition of future parents; likewise, the gestation product is frequently affected. The research was retrospective, correlational and quantitative. The sample was 461 adolescent pregnant women treated at the Hospital "Verdi Cevallos Balda" of the city of Portoviejo during 2016. The results of this study showed that the highest rate of adolescent pregnancy occurred in first-time pregnant women (88.72 %) of 18 years. Cephalopelvic disproportion was the maternal-fetal factor that ranked first as a cause of caesarean section, followed by fetal factors such as presenting dystocia and premature rupture of membranes.   Keywords: Spontaneous delivery, cesarean section, preterm, postterm, pregnancy.

scholarly journals Features of Social and Educational Support of Young Parents and their Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Halyna Mykhailyshyn ◽  
Olena Budnyk
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Educational Support ◽  
Young Parents ◽  
Teen Parents ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Preventive Work

The article presents social and educational aspects of early (teenage) pregnancy, young motherhood. The authors grounded negative consequences of early pregnancy and the peculiarities of social and educational support for young parents and their children. The authors described experience Centre for Teen Parents: moral and psychological preparation of pregnant teenagers to deliver the baby, directions and methods of working with young families, especially setting up comfortable psychological interaction using innovative methods of working with preschool children, providing conditions for young mothers to continue education in schools, counseling young families on resolving housing issues, financial support and others. The paper emphasizes the need for preventive work to keep teenagers from pregnancy, carrying out social and educational events in terms of promoting healthy and responsible parenthood and others

scholarly journals Comprehensive Contraceptive Education Intervention in a College Setting: Design and Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Evans ◽  
Breanna De Leon ◽  
Reaghan Bathrick ◽  
Annie Ricupero
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Education Intervention ◽  
Reproductive Justice ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Contraceptive Education

Background: Unintended pregnancy continues to be a public health concern across the nation. National data demonstrates the highest rates of unintended pregnancy occurs in women who are 18 to 24 years old. Providing practical and meaningful health education about contraception has the potential to reduce unintended pregnancy and improve quality of life for young adults. This paper describes the design and methodology for a comprehensive contraceptive education intervention at a public university. Methods: Convenience sampling was used with a custom survey conducted in Women’s Health classes from 2015-2021. Surveys contained questions about demographic characteristics, knowledge of contraception options, sources of knowledge, stress levels, and confidence in knowledge. Students completed a pretest, received a comprehensive contraception health education lecture, and completed a post-test. Data collection was approved by the university’s IRB, and analyses were conducted using SPSS Version 27. Conclusion: At a time when reproductive freedom, choice, and justice is scrutinized and suppressed, it is imperative that young adults maintain and understand the importance of having control over when, where, and how they decide to have children if they desire to do so. There is a need for continued comprehensive health education and appropriate resources at the university level. The use of assessments, building trusted professor-student relationships, and exploring credible and reliable information sources can be used to reduce the number of unintended pregnancies for college-aged students. If significant, the replication of the design and methods could have a significant impact on the public health problem of unintended pregnancies, maternal health equity, and reproductive justice.

scholarly journals The relationship between area deprivation and prescription of long-acting reversible contraception in women of reproductive age in Lothian, Scotland, UK

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Rachel Morgan ◽  
Hanhua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Electronic Prescribing ◽  
Area Deprivation ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundReducing unplanned pregnancy in Scotland is a key government objective. Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) is a cost-effective way to reduce unintended pregnancy. Abortion and teenage pregnancy rates are highest in the most deprived areas. One possible explanation could be contraceptive prescribing inequality. This study examined the relationship between area deprivation measured by the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation and LARC prescription.MethodsUsing Scottish electronic prescribing data from primary care and sexual and reproductive health clinics, this study analysed female Lothian residents with a valid postcode aged 16–49 years who received a contraceptive prescription from 1 April 2012 to 31 March 2014. Prescription of LARC (intrauterine, implant or injectable contraceptive) compared with non-LARC (oral pill, patch, ring or diaphragm) was examined. Logistic regression was performed adjusting for age group and prescription location.ResultsA total of 90 150 women were included; 21.1% of prescriptions were LARC and 15.3% vLARC (intrauterine method or implant). Women residing in the most deprived quintile (Q1) and prescribed contraception received a significantly higher proportion of LARC than quintiles 2–5 (Q2–5). Odds ratios compared with Q1 were: Q2 0.86, Q3 0.77, Q4 0.59 and Q5 0.51. Women in quintile 1 were also significantly more likely to receive vLARC than quintiles 2–5.ConclusionWomen in the most deprived quintile in Lothian who are prescribed contraception are significantly more likely to receive LARC and vLARC compared with women in less deprived quintiles.

Prevalence of intimate partner violence among pregnant women attending a public sector hospital in Bengaluru, southern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
ANITA NATH ◽  
SHUBHASHREE VENKATESH ◽  
J. VINDHYA ◽  
SHEEBA BALAN ◽  
CHANDRA S. METGUD
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Public Sector Hospital

Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) is recognized as an important public health problem globally as well as in India. It may result in adverse physical and mental health consequences for the victim or unfavourable pregnancy outcomes if it happens during pregnancy. The possible risk factors for IPV can be explained by four levels of ecological factors: individual, partner, household and community. We estimated the prevalence of IPV and its association with selected ecological risk factors among pregnant women availing of antenatal care at a public sector hospital in Bengaluru, southern India. Methods We included 350 women above the age of 18 years with a confirmed pregnancy of less than 24 weeks and having no obstetric complication. We used the Conflict Tactics Scale to determine the presence of IPV. The risk factors measured were—individual level: respondent’s age, education, occupation, gravidity, planned or unplanned pregnancy, substance abuse, presence of depression and anxiety; partner-related: spouse’s education, occupation and marital discord; household/community-related: socioeconomic status, social support, religion and consanguinity. Results The prevalence of IPV was 3.7%. Factors that were significantly associated on multivariate analysis were higher age (above 20 years) (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.82 [1.12–2.97], p=0.016) and presence of depression (AOR 6.84 [1.76–26.61], p=0.005). Conclusion The prevalence of IPV was less in our study population compared to figures reported from other Indian study settings.

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