scholarly journals Formation of the “Soviet Human Capital” in the Higher Education in the 1930s.

2020 ◽  
pp. 796-809
Author(s):  
Elena I. Demidova ◽  
◽  
Aleksandr V. Zakharov ◽  
Elena A. Efimova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Family Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Student Community ◽  
Classical Models

The article addresses various aspects of the Bolsheviks’ policies in formation of the new Soviet student community in the 1930s. In the view of the Soviet government, new man, obedient and energetic builder of the socialist society, should not be burdened by the past, its images, traditions, and customs, be it at the mundane or social level. As a result, there were major changes in the family policy aimed at equalization of men and women and at fighting patriarchy. The article discusses the implications of this policy for the student environment and changes in the Soviet policy toward students in the 1930s. As has been mentioned in the preceding article, In the 1920s the state regarded higher education as an institute for “production” of “human capital,” as well as that of specialists. In its social and political practices of the 1930s, the AUCP (B) continued to realize the concept of Soviet higher education system and formation of the “Soviet human capital.” But these years saw certain changes and adjustments: while in the 1920s the emphasis was placed on essential radical measures, in the following decade the ruling party returned to the traditional, classical models of educational process in its activities in the field of higher education, with due regard to grandiose plans for socialist construction. The authors reveal a correlation between the negative consequences of the 1920s transformations and the subsequent reaction of the state aiming at resolution of problematic situations.

Precarization of Work of Scientific and Pedagogical Staff of Universities: State and Development Trends

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Елена Митрофанова ◽  
Elena Mitrofanova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
Labor Intensity ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Precarious Work ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
University Teachers

The article is devoted to the problems of precarization of employment of university teachers. The relevance of the topic is conditioned by the fact that this period of economic development of Russia requires special attention to the sphere of higher education, where the basic processes of formation of human capital are taking place. In this regard, the importance of the teaching staff of universities is repeatedly increased. Nevertheless, the ongoing processes, which testify to the precarious work of the teachers, call into question the possibility of realizing the tasks that the higher school of the country faces. Based on the analysis of the employment precariousness signs, the existence of these phenomena in the sphere of higher education is shown, which is manifested by the aggravation of such problems as underemployment, low wages, high labor intensity, and the lack of security of employment in the short term. The specifics of the precarious work of the teachers in terms of negative consequences for the education sector, society as a whole are shown. Based on the results of the analysis, the main directions of this problem solution at all levels of the higher education system are substantiated.

scholarly journals TRAINING OF TEACHERS OF UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE IN UKRAINE (SECOND HALF OF XX – BEGINNING OF XXI CENTURY): EXPERIENCE OF HISTORICAL-PEDAGOGICAL PERIODISIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Pasichnyk
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Teacher Training ◽  
Language Policy ◽  
Education System ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Literature History

The article deals with the issue of periodization of the process of teacher training of Ukrainian language and literature in the national scientific and pedagogical discourse. The formation of a modern system of higher pedagogical education takes place in conditions of significant renewal of its conceptual foundations for the national direction, increasing the importance of the Ukrainian language as the state language at all levels of the educational process. The state progress of the Ukrainian language increases the attention to the issue of training teachers of Ukrainian language and literature in view of the latest requirements facing domestic teachers and which need to be correlated with existing pedagogical experience. The leading approaches of modern scientists to the development of the problem of training teachers of Ukrainian language and literature in higher pedagogical institutions of Ukraine are identified and characterized, the author's periodization of the research problem is presented. The assumption is made about the possibility of isolation in a certain process of a number of periods: 1945-1958 biennium – ideological basis (approval of conceptual bases of cultural (including linguistic and educational) policy of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and its strengthening in the system of higher pedagogical education); 1959-1991 – organizational and administrative (creation of a system of higher pedagogical education, which would meet the demands of the society for the preparation of teachers, in particular Ukrainian language and literature); 1991-2019 – transformation and modernization (transition from the restructuring of the post-Soviet higher education system to the creation of a modern flexible higher education system). Focused on the purpose and content of education of future teachers of Ukrainian language and literature, as this issue had a political context due to the connection with the language policy of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics towards Ukraine. Key words: teacher training, periodization, teacher of Ukrainian language and literature, history of pedagogy, language policy

The role of higher education institutions in ensuring the sustainable development of the Russian higher education system

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
T.P. Scharaschkina ◽  
◽  
I.V. Filippova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Education System ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Russian Higher Education

To achieve the sustainable development of society, it is necessary to improve and improve various aspects of the socio-economic life of a person. One of these aspects is education. The state of modern Russian society is characterized as a transition, aimed at systemic changes, transformations that naturally put forward the need to update the Russian education system. In solving this problem, the primary role is played by the state and the degree of its influence on the management of the educational process. The Government of the Russian Federation is taking a number of measures to change the entire ideology of higher and vocational education. This is evidenced by a number of developed documents regulating the areas of activity for the modernization of the Russian higher education system. In accordance with the objectives of the national project «Education», specific measures will be proposed to address these objectives.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of development and dynamics of economism and the commercialization of Ukrainian higher education

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryna Stryhul ◽  
Olena Khomeriki ◽  
Serhii Yahodzinskyi ◽  
Lyudmyla Lyasota ◽  
Inna Semenets-Orlova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
The State ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global Labor Market ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
State Educational ◽  
Globalization Of Education

Upon nearly twenty years since the beginning of commercialization of the Ukrainian higher education system, the intensity of discussion of its purposes, results and possible amendments did not decrease neither among experts nor among the interested public. Supporters and opponents of commercialization note that education is the social branch, which participates in the formation of prerequisites of economic growth. The main point of the article is to disclose the essence of the phenomena of economism and commercialization. Economism is seen as part of globalization of education, a global corporatization of education provides training for the global labor market, using human capital economic theories. As noted by George Spring, the human capital, economists argue that investments in education lead to economic growth, reducing income inequality and increasing employment.The article confirms that the state educational policy as a component of social policy is one of instruments of influence of the state on formation of social structure and is directed to the solution of problems of societal level. It performs relevant sociological examination of transformational processes in education and, in particular, results of commercialization. Thus, it is possible to claim that the educational system tests the uncommon influence of globalization, forming and building a peculiar system of the relations and interaction.

PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO PREVENTION OF EXTREMISM IN THE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Livak N.S. ◽  
Klimova I.V. ◽  
Lebedikhin V.V.
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Social Life ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Student Community ◽  
And Behavior

Modern youth and the student community today play a key role in the development of social and social life. Due to the peculiarities of the university space, the student community is in constant interaction and communication, both in the framework of the educational process and events of various formats, and in social and everyday conditions. In the context of interactions, this social group, which is most at risk of spreading negative ideologies that threaten not only the personal security of everyone, but also peaceful coexistence in the conditions of a multinational society in Russia. In the absence of educational measures as a prevention, an unfavorable environment arises in which it is very easy to influence the thinking of young people, their involvement in nationalist movements, extremist activities, etc. Hence the concept of «youth extremism» appears, which is manifested in the views and behavior of young people based on the manifestation of aggression and non-acceptance of dissenters. The search for new technologies of psychological support that allow to form cultural tolerance, value orientations and prevent the spread of extremist ideologies becomes relevant. The authors consider a set of measures that contribute to the generalization, dissemination, as well as the introduction into the student environment of the best practices of spiritual and moral education, the development of interethnic and interreligious dialogue, and the prevention of negative ideologies. To implement these tasks, it is necessary to form a pool of specialists in the prevention of extremism in the student environment, hold seminars and meetings for vice-rectors of universities on security and educational work, as well as educational seminars for managers of student organizations. This will make it possible to form leadership student associations that broadcast the values of cultural tolerance to the youth environment.

Effects and Risks of Distance Learning in Higher Education

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Yu. M. Tsygalov
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Online Education ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
First Results ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
The Cost

The forced work of Russian universities remotely in the context of the pandemic (COVID-19) has generated a lot of discussion about the benefits of the new form of education. The first results were summed up and reports were presented, the materials of which showed that the main goal of online education — the prevention of the spread of infection, - has been achieved. Against this background, proposals and publications have appeared substantiating the effectiveness of the massive introduction of distance learning in Russia, including in higher education. However, the assessment of such training by the population and students in publications and in social networks was predominantly negative and showed that the number of emerging problems exceeds the possible benefits of the new educational technology. Based on the analysis of the materials of publications and personal experience of teaching online, the potential benefits and problems of distance learning in higher education in Russia are considered. It is proposed to consider the effects separately for the suppliers of new technology (government, universities) and consumers (students, teachers, society). It is substantiated that the massive introduction of online education allows not only to reduce the negative consequences of epidemics, but also to reduce budgetary funding for universities, optimize the age composition of teachers, and reduce the cost of maintaining educational buildings. However, there will be a leveling / averaging of the quality of education, and responsibility for the quality of training will shift from the state/universities to students. The critical shortcomings of online education are the low degree of readiness of the digital infrastructure, the lack of a mechanism for identifying and monitoring the work of students, information security problems, and the lack of trust in such training of the population. The massive use of online education creates a number of risks for the country, the most critical of which is the destruction of the higher education system and a drop in the effectiveness of personnel training. The consequences of this risk realization are not compensated by any possible budget savings.

DIDACTIC POTENTIAL OF MOBILE LEARNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
N. G. Bondarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Mobile Learning ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Technological Feature ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
System A ◽  
Student Training

The growing availability of modern mobile smartphones and tablet computers is leading to an increase in the volume of content users consumed, including educational content. The development of mobile technologies opens up many opportunities for learning in higher education institutions. However, the use of mobile learning in student training should not be a spontaneous process, it is necessary to create pedagogically substantiate approaches and training methods. This article analyzes and interprets the results of existing research in pedagogy regarding the didactic potential of mobile learning in higher education system. A classification of didactic properties and functions of mobile learning is developed and proposed. The main didactic properties of mobile learning include: by the didactic feature of mobile learning — ten properties; by the technological feature of mobile learning — eleven properties. The main didactic functions of mobile learning are: by the didactic feature of mobile learning — eleven functions; by the technological feature of mobile learning — five functions. The didactic potential of mobile learning, due to its inherent didactic properties and functions, makes the educational process more effective, as well as contributes to the guaranteed achievement of students’ educational goals and planned learning outcomes.

ACTUAL ISSUES OF THE STATE LANGUAGE TEACHING

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Xalima Yuldasheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Language Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Future Leaders ◽  
Human Spirituality ◽  
State Language ◽  
Formal Style

This article analyzes the current issues of teaching the state language and solutions of teaching problems. Especially in the system of higher education, the meaning of scientific methodsand terms is revealed that bring students closer to the language of their specialization. Particular attention is paid to the importance of language education for the development of human spirituality and the improvement of methods of teaching languages. The higher education system prepares not only qualified specialists,but also future leaders. Future leaders will need to master and master formal style literacy. Therefore, a deep study of the official style -the Munshaot language is required. It is important to pay attention to documents that belong to a person, institution, enterprise

scholarly journals FEATURES OF RESULT BASED FINANCING HIGHER EDUCATION

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (390) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Iryna Kalenyuk ◽  
Olena Grishnova ◽  
Liudmyla Tsymbal ◽  
Deniss Djakons
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
The World ◽  
Financing Higher Education

The key role of the education system in the formation of a knowledge society is raising the issue of improving its financing. In the face of new challenges and aggravation of global competition, the mechanism for financing the higher education system is being transformed. The need to increase funding is manifested in expanding financial sources and improving the management of various financial flows. Increasing the effectiveness of public funding is becoming an important issue, which remains the main source of financial revenues for institutions of higher education in countries of the world. A promising practice in the world is the use of funding based on the results of activity, which is becoming more widespread in various areas of economic activity. The purpose of this article is to study the current world-wide practice of applying results-based financing of higher education and defining promising directions for its implementation in Ukraine. The essence and features of RBF - Result Based Financing (RBF) method, including in the system of higher education, are revealed. The existing approaches to financing higher education institutions in the world based on results are systematized, the main criteria for their definition are identified: on the basis of inputs, process, output, output. The world practice of using higher education institutions financing based on the results, positive and negative consequences of its implementation is highlighted and summarized. The necessity of using RBF funding in the system of native education is proved, the main directions and areas of its use are determined. The application of a two-tier model of financing higher education institutions in Ukraine is proposed, which combines the traditional cost-oriented approach and funding based on the results of the activity.

scholarly journals TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN MOROCCAN UNIVERSITIES : READING IN THE REALITY OF PRACTICE IN THE LIGHT OF INTERNATIONAL EXPÉRIENCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 247-257
Author(s):  
Saadia LADBES
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Total Quality Management ◽  
The State ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
International Experiences ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The University

In Morocco, there is a crisis that has not yet found its way to serious and decisive treatment, which is the output crisis of the higher education system. Though the successive public policies seek to contain correctional projects and initiatives, they have not made the difference, and have not set out effective and efficient tracks in developing mechanisms for evaluation, development and reconstruction, to produce educational and learning outputs that contribute to the real takeover of the State's development aspirations. The weak capacity of Moroccan universities to respond rapidly to the global, economic, cultural and technological variables imposed by globalization and securing the conditions for social, economic, political and security stability of the state, requires bypassing through advanced science-based treatment of quality and value of achievement. The issue of total quality management in higher education institutions may be raised by including international experiences that have succeeded to curb the regulatory and administrative failure of its educational institutions, to enhance the chances of Moroccan universities to transfer higher education in Morocco from traditional measure to modern measure by applying quality control standards in management, planning and implementation, in accordance with a strategy that is supported by the State and the University.

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