Internationalization of Tourism Destinations: Networking systems management

This paper aims to fill a gap in the existing research about the internationalization of tourism destinations through a systematic review of the literature focusing on publications presented between 2007 and 2017. The research followed the assumptions of the non-probabilistic snowball sampling technique. In addition, the computer programs VosViewer, for bibliometric analysis, and NVivo 10, for content analysis were used. Tourism destinations’ internationalization is a combination of: (i) integration of organizational interest with stakeholders’ interests; (ii) understanding that what moves these elements are endogenous and exogenous business opportunities; (iii) integrating external opportunities in the destination by aligning them with its territorial identity; (iv) achieving coherence between the previous three components through the implementation of a governance model; (v) a governance model that facilitates the destination’s organization by conciliating interests, resources and opportunities; (vi) and the DMOs that coordinate the dynamics generated between the elements of this system, making it possible to organize the supply following its territorial identity. The internationalization process of tourism destinations highlights factors different from the internationalization of companies. In the first scenario, politics, planning, and territory internationalization strategies should target different kinds of reflections according to the level of intervention (local, regional, national or international). In the second, it is essential that supply is aware of investment opportunities abroad, financial packages to support businesses, innovation, and entrepreneurship. The current period exposed the fragility of the tourism sector and how external threats can influence it. Thinking about the internationalization of tourism destinations shows how important it is to organize the tourism offer in accordance with the challenges the sector faces, at the same time as explaining the role of DMOs. Until now, this theme has been mainly studied from the perspective of demand, creating a gap in the existing knowledge about the organizational systems.

Download Full-text

PERAN STAKEHOLDERS DALAM PENGELOLAAN OBJEK WISATA ALAM SIWANG PARADISE DI DESA SIWANG KOTA AMBON

JURNAL HUTAN PULAU-PULAU KECIL ◽

10.30598/jhppk.2021.5.1.28 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 28-39

Author(s):

Fanny Soselissa ◽

Billy Seipalla

Keyword(s):

Social Impact ◽

Family Income ◽

Ecological Impact ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Tourist Attraction ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Management And Development ◽

Object Area

The potential of the natural tourist attraction of Siwang Paradise will have a high attractiveness value if it is supported by the role of stakeholders in management and development. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of stakeholders in the management and development of the natural tourist attraction of Siwang Paradise, and what obstacles are experienced by stakeholders in optimally managing and developing these objects. The method used is descriptive qualitative, the determination of respondents is based on snowball sampling technique, the analysis is carried out inductively based on facts and the results of interviews with respondents and key actors. The results showed that the stakeholders involved in the management of the Siwang Paradise object were the key actors (area owners) and the main actors (surrounding communities). Constraints in the management of the Siwang object are due to the lack of trust within the area owner to involve supporting stakeholders, in this case the private sector, NGOs, and academics. So that the management of objects in developing various readiness of tourist attraction products becomes slow and runs not optimally. The visible impact of the management is the economic impact, through increasing family income, social impact, reducing unemployment, opening up road access, making motorcycle taxis easier to use, making it easier for people to do their activities. While the ecological impact is the management is carried out by paying attention to the cleanliness of the environment from waste, and based on the carrying capacity of the object area.

Download Full-text

Antecedents and Mediating Role of Green Buying Behavior

Market Forces ◽

10.51153/mf.v15i2.459 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Muhammad Khalique ◽

Samra Iftikhar ◽

Mohd Rafi bin Yaacob ◽

Ahsan Tahir

Keyword(s):

Social Influence ◽

Brand Image ◽

Structural Models ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Favorable Attitude ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Buying Behavior ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Snowball Sampling Technique

Sustainability of the environment is one of the major issues both in developed and developing countries. There is an abundance of studies on green buying behavior. However, a few have studied the mediating role of green buying behavior. Thus, we have developed a new model that has five direct and three mediating relationships. This empirical research has used a snowball sampling technique for collecting the data. We distributed 400 questionnaires and received 377 valid responses. The study has used Smart PLS software for data analysis, including reliability, validity, and generating measurement and structural models. We found that green brands, green identification, and social influence are significant predictors of green buying behavior. Further, we find that the green brand image and green buying behavior promote green satisfaction. The results also suggest that green buying behavior mediates (1) green image and green satisfaction, (2) social influence and green buying behavior, (3) self-identification, and green satisfaction. We also found that consumers have a favorable attitude towards green buying behavior. However, there is a huge gap in consumers’ attitudes and actual buying behavior. Thus, marketers and practitioners need to develop strategies that would translate a favorable attitude toward actual buying behavior.

Download Full-text

A sociolinguistic analysis of verbal greetings, address forms and paralinguistic behaviours in Kisubi

Language in Africa ◽

10.37892/2686-8946-2021-2-1-41-61 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 41-61

Author(s):

Ibrahim D. Rwakakindo

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

Educational Status ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Face To Face ◽

Address Forms ◽

Interview Methods ◽

Kinship Relations ◽

And Gender ◽

Authentic Data

This paper analyses the greeting system of Kisubi. It specifically seeks: to identify temporal greeting patterns in Kisubi; to determine whether age and gender do dictate the kind of verbal greetings, address forms and paralinguistic behaviours that are used in particular greeting events; to examine different kinship-specific verbal greetings, address forms and paralinguistic behaviours that are used in particular greeting events; and lastly, to assess the role of context in the Kisubi greeting system. Observation and face-to-face interview methods were used to gather data from 36 participants who were obtained using snowball sampling technique, and afterwards they were stratified into different strata depending on age, gender and educational status of a person. This stratification led to the attainment of authentic data. The obtained data were subjected to content analysis from which different themes emerged. It was established that there are four temporal chunks in Kisubi, each of which is associated with its own greeting term. Age, gender, context and kinship relations also determine the type of greeting terms and the honorifics or deferential terms to use. However, the use of honorifics and/or deferential terms is declining gradually.

Download Full-text

At Risk of “Leftover Singles”: Dimensions and Sociopsychological Repercussions of Delayed Marriageability Among Educated Females in Pakistan

The Family Journal ◽

10.1177/1066480720902454 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 403-412

Author(s):

Tipu Sultan ◽

Saeed Ahmad ◽

Ayesha Ayub

Keyword(s):

Marriage Market ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Caste System ◽

Sociocultural Factors ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Theoretical Understanding ◽

Personal Traits ◽

Interview Guide ◽

Family Based

The current study examined the educational, economic, and sociocultural, family and personal dimensions of delayed marriage among educated females in Pakistan. In addition, it revealed family-based and personal dimensions of delayed marriage among educated females in Pakistan. Furthermore, it highlighted the sociopsychological consequences of delayed marriageability among females in patriarchal society. For this purpose, 35 females, in the age bracket of 30–49 years and with a minimum of 16 years of education, were recruited for the current study through purposive and snowball sampling technique. An interview guide was used as a tool for data collection. The main sociocultural factors of delayed marriageability were the unavailability of a suitable match in the marriage market, the provision of the dowry, the pivotal role of the caste system and the second fiddle role of sectarian affiliation, and previous marital status (engaged or divorced) of the females. The structure and the size of the family were also the decisive family factors of delayed marriageability. Additionally, among personal traits, physical outlook and effective individualism played a prominent role. The current study conjectured a relational insight and transformation in a family structure for family demographers. It was the first qualitative study to highlight the patriarchal perspective of Pakistani society on the factors of delayed marriages. The findings of the current study would enrich the overall theoretical understanding of delayed marriageability among females.

Download Full-text

PERAN KITAB KUNING DALAM PEMBENTUKAN PEMIKIRAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DAN KARAKTER SANTRI PADA PESANTREN TRADISIONAL

QATHRUNÂ ◽

10.32678/qathruna.v7i1.3141 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 103

Author(s):

Ahmad Farhanudin ◽

Muhajir Muhajir

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

Boarding School ◽

Boarding Schools ◽

Islamic Education ◽

Main Character ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Research Subjects ◽

Sociological Approaches ◽

Research Type

The objectives of this study are 1) To determine the role of the yellow book on the formation of Islamic education thought in traditional Islamic boarding schools. 2) To find out the role of the yellow book in forming the character of students in traditional Islamic boarding schools. This research is a descriptive qualitative research type, and through the Education and Sociological approaches. The research location was conducted in two Islamic boarding schools, namely Bany Syafi'I Cilegon and Madarijul 'Ulum Serang. In this study the research subjects were Kiai, Ustadz / Ustadzah, board of pesantren, and santriwan / santriwati of Islamic boarding school. The research subjects used purposive sampling technique, namely determining the source of the data obtained with certain considerations and snowball sampling, namely determining the sample from a small amount to become large. When the research was carried out on August 1, 2019 to October 25, 2019 for 3 months. The role of the yellow book in shaping the character of students in the Bany Syafi'i and Madarijul 'Ulum Islamic boarding schools is still visible in terms of santri obedience to their teachers, ta'dziman wa takriman attitude towards their knowledge and also towards their environment, all of which can be assessed and formed from the results Uswatun Hasanah's attitude is a teacher / kiai. And also the role of the yellow book in shaping the character of students can obey and obey a student in accordance with what is taught by a teacher, with the demands of the book ta'limul muta'alim as the main reference and provision of the main character of the students in the Islamic boarding school, so that with good character it will create good personality and discipline too.

Download Full-text

The The Effect of Destination Image and Risk Perception toward Decision to Visit Kampung Coklat Tourism During New Normal Covid-19

Journal of Business Management Review ◽

10.47153/jbmr26.1722021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (6) ◽

pp. 439-453

Author(s):

Nailin Nurmazidah

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Risk Perception ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Destination Image ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Tourism Sector ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

Huge Impact ◽

Tourism Destinations ◽

The Relationship

The covid-19 pandemic has had such a huge impact on various sectors, especially the tourism sector, restrictions imposed in various regions have made tourism continue to decline. This research aimed tto study the relationship between destination image, risk perception, and tourists' decision to visit. The research is focused on tourists who have visited Kampung Coklat Tourism Destinations assample using nonprobability sampling technique. Questionnaires were distributed to 200 respondents directly to tourists. The data analysis technique used Multiple Linear Regression with validity and reliability tests.classical assumptions, and hypothesis testing (t-test). The results showed that the destination image was positively affectedby the decision to visit, and also the perception of risk was positively affected by the decision of tourists to visit.The implications in this research can be used as input for the Management of Kampung Coklat Tourism in developing destination images to increase tourists' decisions to visit.

Download Full-text

The role of Fintech in predicting the spread of COVID-19

Banks and Bank Systems ◽

10.21511/bbs.16(1).2021.01 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Mohannad Abu Daqar ◽

Milan Constantinovits ◽

Samer Arqawi ◽

Ahmad Daragmeh

Keyword(s):

Financial Services ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Main Concern ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Payment Methods ◽

Digital Payments ◽

And Behavior

This study aims to investigate the role of Fintech in predicting the spread of COVID-19 based on consumers’ Fintech perceptions and behavior before and after the outbreak of COVID-19. The study used a questionnaire-based survey distributed in different countries of the world using the LinkedIn platform for this purpose to reach the targeted population. The snowball sampling technique was used. The study targeted consumers with Fintech experience, especially in digital payments services. 507 samples were retrieved. For the analysis, the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used. The study revealed novel results in predicting COVID-19 spread; these three variables (Fintech Behavior before COVID-19, Fintech Behavior after COVID-19, and Fintech Perception after COVID-19) could predict 52.5% of the variance in the dependent variable (COVID-19 Spread) (R² = 0.525, p &lt; 0.05). The findings show that Higher Fintech perception and behavior among Fintech users will help in reducing the spread of COVID-19 by avoiding the use of contact payment methods. Contactless payment methods are the main tools in Fintech that might help in avoiding the probability of COVID-19 spread. Consumers’ Fintech perceptions and behavior are the most influencing factors that could predict the spread of COVID-19 in this study, where digital payments are the main concern. It is recommended that consumers adopt digital payment methods and tools, especially contactless payment methods, to fulfill their financial services. Other researchers are also encouraged to use the same model to predict the spread of this virus in the Fintech context.

Download Full-text

PERAN EMPATI DAN SELF-EFFICACY GURU TK TERHADAP GAYA PENGATURAN KELAS DALAM KONTEKS UNJUSTIFIED AGGRESSION

Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora, dan Seni ◽

10.24912/jmishumsen.v1i1.5677 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 318

Author(s):

Carolyne Sutradjaja ◽

Riana Sahrani ◽

Fransisca Iriani Roesmala Dewi

Keyword(s):

Classroom Management ◽

Multiple Regression ◽

Significant Role ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Kindergarten Teachers ◽

Management Style ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Teacher Behaviour

Penelitian sebelumnya mengaitkan empati dan self-efficacy dengan kemungkinan guru TK merespon situasi bullying. Akan tetapi belum ada penelitian yang mengaitkan empati dan self-efficacy dengan actual behaviour guru TK di dalam kelas. Maka penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat peran empati dan self-efficacy terhadap gaya pengaturan kelas guru TK dalam konteks unjustified aggression. Hal ini dipertimbangkan karena gaya pengaturan kelas kerap dikaitkan dengan perilaku konkrit yang diterapkan oleh guru di dalam kelas. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 124 guru TK dan preschool, teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan non-probability dan snowball sampling. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan regresi berganda (multiple regression) dan didapatkan bahwa tingkat empati dan self-efficacy guru TK memiliki peran signifikan terhadap gaya pengaturan kelas sebesar 17.5% (F = 14.045, p = 0.00 < 0.05). Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa tingkat empati dan self-efficacy guru TK dapat memprediksi bagaimana mereka mengelola kelas, yang terlihat dalam perilaku saat mereka menetapkan kontrol serta membangun interaksi dengan siswa. Analisis lebih lanjut dilakukan untuk melihat peran empati dan self-efficacy terhadap masing-masing dimensi dalam gaya pengaturan kelas, yaitu kontrol dan keterlibatan guru. Dari analisis tersebut ditemukan bahwa konstruk empati memiliki peran signifikan terhadap keterlibatan guru, sedangkan konstruk self-efficacy memiliki peran signifikan terhadap disiplin. Previous research linked empathy and self-efficacy to the possibility of kindergarten teachers responding to bullying situations. However, there are no studies that relate empathy and self-efficacy with the actual kindergarten teacher behaviour in the classroom. Therefore this study was conducted to examine the role of empathy and self-efficacy towards the classroom management style of kindergarten teachers in the context of unjustified aggression. This is considered because the style of classroom management is often associated with concrete behaviour that is applied by the teacher in the classroom. Participants were 124 kindergarten and preschool teachers, the sampling technique was non-probability and snowball sampling. Data analysis was performed using multiple regression (multiple regression) and it was found that the level of empathy and self-efficacy of kindergarten teachers had a significant role in the style of classroom management by 17.5% (F = 14,045, p = 0.00 <0.05). This indicates that the level of empathy and self-efficacy of kindergarten teachers can predict how they manage the classroom, which is seen in behavior when they establish controls and build interactions with students. Further analysis was carried out to see the role of empathy and self-efficacy towards each dimension in the style of classroom management, namely teacher control and involvement. From the analysis it was found that the construct of empathy has a significant role on teacher involvement, while the construct of self-efficacy has a significant role on discipline.

Download Full-text

Exploring The Role of Advanced Clinical Practitioners (ACPs) and Their Contribution To Health Services in England.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-602519/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Claire Mann ◽

Stephen Timmons ◽

Catrin Evans ◽

Ruth Pearce ◽

Charlotte Overton Research ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Services ◽

Workforce Development ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Barriers And Facilitators ◽

Positive Contribution ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

National Implementation

Abstract Background An extended role being explored globally is that of the advanced clinical practitioner (ACP). In England this is an extended role for allied health professions, nurses and midwives. ACP education is organised by Health Education England (HEE) who organise an accredited training programme for ACPs alongside a multi-professional framework. This paper draws on research commissioned to evaluate the national implementation of the ACP role to inform the development of a Centre for Advancing Practice in the UK but has implications for others considering their ACP provision. This paper focuses on three key research questions: 1) What is the role of ACPs in England? 2) What are the barriers and facilitators to implementing the role? and 3) What is the contribution of ACPs to health services in England? Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2020 with 63 participants across a range of stakeholder groups and clinical areas. A purposive snowball sampling technique was used to identify participants meeting the inclusion criteria. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, anonymised and thematically analysed. Results We report on three aspects as highlighted from the data (1) The role of ACPs, (2) Barriers to and facilitators of the ACP role implementation (3) Contribution of ACPs to health services in England. The ACP role in England was undertaken in a broad range of clinical contexts. ACPs worked towards being an autonomous practitioner and most were independent prescribers. In England ‘advanced clinical practitioner’ was not a protected title. There were high levels of variability and ambiguity of understanding and deployment of the ACP role in England. Conclusions This study outlines the contribution that ACPs make to health services and contributing factors to the success of the ACP role in England. We demonstrated the range in which the role is successful in England. We identified key barriers and facilitators to implementing this role. Finally, the work showed the positive contribution that ACPs can make to service redesign and workforce development as well as patient outcomes, whilst accepting that there is much work to do to ensure protected status and parity across all professions and clinical contexts.

Download Full-text

The Role of Social Media Marketing Activities to Improve E-Wom and Visit Intention to Indonesia Tourism Destinations through Brand Equity

Jurnal Sekretaris & Administrasi Bisnis (JSAB) ◽

10.31104/jsab.v5i1.181 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 17

Author(s):

Nabilla Dyah Eka Pramudhita

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Brand Equity ◽

Social Media Marketing ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Tourist Destinations ◽

Tourism Sector ◽

Marketing Activities ◽

Tourism Destinations ◽

Access Information

The development of technology that continues to grow, one of which is easy internet access enables people to access information from various sources, including social media. Nowadays, social media is not only used privately, but also companies and even government. One of them, the tourism sector in government. The role of social media, especially Instagram, is recognized as the most appropriate promotional media for travelers in Indonesia. Activities held on social media will spur the occurrence of e-wom and visit intention to Indonesian tourist destinations for domestic tourists. E-wom can be positive and negative e-wom. Therefore, the Indonesian Ministry of Tourism uses @Pesonaid_travel to promote Indonesian tourism and also the Pesona Indonesia’s brand used in @Pesonaid_travel. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of social media marketing activities to increase e-WoM and visit intention through brand equity. This research is a quantitative study, with the type of research used is causality. The population in this study was followers @Pesonaid_travel, totaling 276.000, which was then tested on 400 respondents, using a questionnaire. The data analysis method used is SEM which is processed with the SmartPLS application. The results of this study indicate that each variable that has an effect The results of this study indicate that every variable that exists gives a positive and significant effect on other variables.

Download Full-text